EP1818951A1 - Electroaimant de levage - Google Patents

Electroaimant de levage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1818951A1
EP1818951A1 EP07450017A EP07450017A EP1818951A1 EP 1818951 A1 EP1818951 A1 EP 1818951A1 EP 07450017 A EP07450017 A EP 07450017A EP 07450017 A EP07450017 A EP 07450017A EP 1818951 A1 EP1818951 A1 EP 1818951A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
magnetic piston
piston
magnetic
lifting magnet
pole core
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP07450017A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1818951B1 (fr
Inventor
Ewald Lampl
Hans-Jörg Gasser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MSG Mechatronic Systems GmbH
Original Assignee
MSG Mechatronic Systems GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=38124056&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP1818951(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by MSG Mechatronic Systems GmbH filed Critical MSG Mechatronic Systems GmbH
Publication of EP1818951A1 publication Critical patent/EP1818951A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1818951B1 publication Critical patent/EP1818951B1/fr
Revoked legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00Magnets
    • H01F7/06Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1607Armatures entering the winding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/04Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by magnetic means
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00Magnets
    • H01F7/06Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/13Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures characterised by pulling-force characteristics
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00Magnets
    • H01F7/06Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/081Magnetic constructions
    • H01F2007/085Yoke or polar piece between coil bobbin and armature having a gap, e.g. filled with nonmagnetic material
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00Magnets
    • H01F7/06Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/081Magnetic constructions
    • H01F2007/086Structural details of the armature

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a lifting magnet according to the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a solenoid is from the DE 196 22 794 A1 known.
  • This solenoid has a soft magnetic housing, which at least partially surrounds an exciting coil wound on a bobbin.
  • a pole core and a magnetic piston displaceable along a center axis of the bobbin in the direction of the pole core to a Hubendposition are arranged, wherein the housing has a through hole for the magnetic piston on its side opposite the pole core.
  • Electromagnetic solenoids (often referred to as electromagnetic actuators) are used in many areas to perform setting or switching functions. The limiting of the stroke movement is typically carried out by a mechanical stop in the Hubendposition. The approach of this end position is also associated with mechanically damped versions with a noise, which is very often perceived by the user as disturbing. Technically possible control of the lifting operation, for example by way detection and current control are not used for cost reasons in standard applications.
  • FIG. 1 A known embodiment of a lifting magnet is shown in Fig. 1 in longitudinal section.
  • the known lifting magnet has a U-shaped bracket as a magnetic iron yoke element 1.
  • the iron yoke element 1 has a longitudinal leg 1a, from the two ends of which in each case a transverse leg 1b, 1c extends away.
  • the two transverse legs 1b, 1c of the iron yoke element 1 surround an exciting coil 3 wound on a coil body 4, the transverse limbs 1b. 1c of the iron yoke element 1 in each case abut against a frontal flange 4b, 4c of the bobbin 4.
  • the bobbin 4 has a central passage opening 4a with a center axis M.
  • a pole core 2 is arranged in the through hole 4 a, but protrudes partly beyond and is with its protruding end in a through hole 1 d in the transverse leg 1 b used the iron yoke element 1.
  • the other, the pole core 2 opposite transverse leg 1c of the iron yoke element 1 also has a through hole 1 e, which is aligned coaxially with the passage opening 4a of the bobbin 4.
  • An annular plain bearing bush 6 is seated in the through hole 1e of the transverse leg 1c of the iron yoke element 1 and extends into the through hole 4a of the bobbin 4.
  • This annular plain bearing bush 6 is provided on its inner circumferential surface with a sliding layer, for example a PTFE layer.
  • the plain bearing bush 6 is flush with the outside of the transverse leg 1c of the iron yoke element 1.
  • a magnetic piston 5 is received from a soft magnetic material, which extends inwardly beyond the plain bearing bushing 6 in the through hole 4 a of the bobbin 4.
  • a push rod 7 is inserted from a non-magnetic material.
  • This push rod 7 extends through an axial through hole 2b of the pole core 2 and through the through hole 1d of the transverse leg 1b of the iron yoke element 1 out of the solenoid, wherein in the through hole 2b of the pole core 2, an annular plain bearing bush 10 is arranged, in which the push rod 7 out becomes.
  • a coil spring 9 is disposed around the push rod 7 in the through hole 2b of the pole core 2.
  • the magnetic piston 5 is displaceable along the center axis M of the bobbin 4, wherein between the magnetic piston 5 and the pole core 2, a working air gap 8 is formed, whose axial length s changes with the displacement of the magnetic piston 5.
  • a stroke end position HE which in the present example is defined as a position in which the pole core 2 facing end face of the magnetic piston 5 is applied to the pole core 2, so that the axial length s of the working air gap 8 is zero.
  • the present invention has for its object to improve the known lifting magnet to the effect that an increase in the tightening force in Hubend Scheme the magnetic piston is avoided and thus to reduce the noise when switching the solenoid considerably. Furthermore, the invention has for its object to provide a solenoid, which has an improved controllability of the displacement of the magnetic piston.
  • the inventively generated parasitic air gap leads to an increased magnetic resistance in the magnetic circuit, which reduces the lifting force when the magnetic piston approaches its Hubendposition and thereby the speed of the Reduce the impact of the magnetic piston on the pole core or prevent the impact at all.
  • This innovation allows virtually silent switching of the solenoid.
  • an additional parameter influencing the working air gap force characteristic is introduced by the innovation according to the invention, with which the working air gap force characteristic, in particular in the stroke end region, can additionally be influenced and optimized for the respective application purpose.
  • the force acting on the magnetic piston in Hubend Scheme be influenced so that the Hubendposition not by a mechanical stop of the magnetic piston on the pole core or a stop element, but by an equilibrium of forces exerted by the damping elements on the magnetic piston Forces with the electromagnetic forces is determined.
  • a spring biases the magnetic piston against the force exerted by the exciter coil magnetic force, wherein the spring force of the spring is designed so that the magnetic piston is spaced in its Hubendposition of the pole core.
  • the magnetic piston has a reduced piston diameter in the control section, whereby a parasitic air gap in the passage opening of the piston-side region of the iron yoke element adjusts in the course of the displacement of the magnetic piston in the direction of Hubendposition upon entry of the control section into the passage opening, since the Increased distance between the wall of the through hole and the generatrix of the magnetic piston.
  • the diameter of the magnetic piston in the control section can be reduced in one or more stages, whereby the parasitic air gap gradually increases as the magnetic piston approaches the stroke end position.
  • the diameter of the magnetic piston in the control section in a direction opposite to the pole core direction are at least partially steadily reduced, whereby a more uniform course of the working air gap force characteristic is achieved because the parasitic air gap changes continuously.
  • the control portion of the magnetic piston may be conical or the generatrix of the control portion of the magnetic piston at least partially have a curved course in order to achieve a particularly uniform course of the working air gap force characteristic.
  • the control section of the magnetic piston is realized by a shortened compared to conventional magnetic piston length of the magnetic piston by the length of the magnetic piston is chosen so short that in Hubendposition the magnetic piston of the control portion of the magnetic piston or only partially protrudes into the passage opening at the piston-side region of the iron yoke element.
  • the parasitic air gap in this case extends over the entire cross-sectional area of the through-hole and the magnetic flux of force concentrates on the part of the control section of the magnetic piston which projects into the through-hole. As this part becomes smaller and smaller with the movement of the magnetic piston into the stroke end position, the magnetic resistance increases and hence the lifting force decreases.
  • FIGS. 2 to 6 These embodiments represent modifications of the lifting magnet shown in Fig. 1 and described in detail above, wherein for components used in both the known and in the lifting magnet according to the invention, the same reference numerals are used in the drawings and referred to their function on the above description becomes.
  • the illustrated in Fig. 2 first embodiment of a lifting magnet according to the invention comprises a magnetic iron yoke element 1 in the form of a U-shaped bracket, which is bent, for example, of sheet metal.
  • the iron yoke element 1 has a longitudinal leg 1a and two transverse limbs 1b, 1c extending from the longitudinal leg 1a.
  • the transverse legs 1b, 1 c engage around the opposite end faces of a bobbin 4, on which an exciter coil 3 is wound.
  • the bobbin 4 has an axial passage opening 4a in which a pole core 2 is arranged at one end.
  • an annular plain bearing bush 6 and a magnetic piston 15 mounted therein displaceably made of a soft magnetic material.
  • the magnetic piston 15 When the exciting coil 3 is supplied with electric current, the magnetic piston 15 is attracted by the electromagnetic force of the exciting coil 3 and displaced along a center axis M in the axial through hole 4a of the bobbin 4 in the direction of the pole core 2 to a stroke end position HE.
  • the iron yoke element 1 has at the pole core 2 opposite piston-side region, ie the transverse leg 1c, a through hole 1 e, which is dimensioned so that the magnetic piston 15 can pass.
  • the construction of the solenoid is conventional.
  • the magnetic piston 15 of the Hubmagneten invention a control portion 15a at the spaced from the pole core 2 end of the magnetic piston 15, which control portion 15a in the through hole 1 e of the transverse leg 1 c of the iron yoke element 1 is displaceable.
  • the control section 15a is characterized by a decreasing diameter, this diameter - starting from the diameter D1 of the central portion of the (cylindrical) magnetic piston 15 to the end remote from the pole core 2 end of the control section to a diameter D2, wherein the transition from the larger diameter D1 to the smaller diameter D2 is continuous, wherein the generatrix of the control section 15a presents as a quarter circle.
  • the control portion 15a of the magnetic piston 15 enters the through hole 1e from the outside. Due to the continuously decreasing diameter of the control section 15a, a parasitic air gap 16 is caused in the passage opening 1e, which reduces the magnetic flux from the transverse leg 1c of the iron yoke element 1 and thereby also reduces the lifting force.
  • the magnetic flux is lowest when the magnetic piston 15 has reached the stroke end position, as shown in the working air gap force diagram of FIG. It can be seen from the characteristic curve B that at the beginning of the stroke, if the working air gap 8 has a length of 6 mm, the lifting force amounts to slightly more than 2 N. As the working air gap decreases, the lifting force increases to a.
  • the control section 15 enters the through hole 1 e and thereby generates the parasitic air gap 16 (or increased due to manufacturing tolerances and the presence of plain bearing bush 6 existing parasitic air gap).
  • the parasitic air gap 16 leads to a decrease in the lifting force to about 3 N at the Hubendposition HE.
  • the reduced lifting force at the end of the stroke allows for almost silent switching operations of the solenoid.
  • a further measure is provided which allows virtually noiseless switching operations.
  • This measure includes the interpretation of the spring force of a known spring 19 (see spring 9 in Fig. 1), which serves as a return element for the magnetic piston 15, such that the Hubendposition HE not by a mechanical stop of the magnetic piston 15 on the pole core 2, but by an equilibrium of forces exerted by the spring 19 on the magnetic piston 15 Spring force with the electromagnetic forces generated by the exciting coil 3, is determined.
  • the magnetic piston 15 is at its stroke end position HE spaced from the pole core 2 by about 0.5 mm, or in other words remains a residual working air gap of zero , 5 mm in length.
  • Fig. 3 shows a second embodiment of a lifting magnet according to the invention.
  • This second embodiment differs from the first only in that the magnetic piston 25 is provided with a conical control portion 25a which tapers conically from a diameter D1 in a direction opposite to the pole core 2 to a smaller diameter D2.
  • the parasitic air gap generated thereby is designated by the reference numeral 26.
  • FIG. 4 shows a third embodiment of a lifting magnet according to the invention.
  • This third embodiment differs from the foregoing embodiments only in that the magnetic piston 35 is provided with a cylindrical control portion 35a having a diameter D2 smaller than a diameter D1 of a central cylindrical portion 35b of the magnetic piston 35 adjacent to the control portion 35a.
  • a stepped transition from the central portion 35 to the control portion 35a of the magnetic piston is realized.
  • the transition could also be made in several gradations according to the invention.
  • the adjusting in the through hole 1e parasitic air gap 36 is annular.
  • Fig. 5 shows a fourth embodiment of a lifting magnet according to the invention.
  • This fourth embodiment principally differs from the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2 only in that a cylindrical end section 45c with a diameter D2 still adjoins the control section 45a of the magnetic piston 45, which brings about a reduction in diameter from D1 to D2 ,
  • the cylindrical end portion 45c protrudes also in the stroke end position HE through the through hole 1e of the transverse leg 1c of the iron yoke element 1 to the outside.
  • control portions (15a, 25a, 35a) respectively facing away from the pole core end of the magnetic piston, wherein the magnetic piston length was dimensioned so that in the stroke end position HE End faces of the control sections flush with the outer surface of the transverse leg 1 c completed.
  • a fifth embodiment of a lifting magnet according to the invention is shown in longitudinal section.
  • This embodiment differs from the previous embodiments in that the control portion 55a of the magnetic piston 55 has no shape deviating from the cylinder shape, but is designed as an end portion of the magnetic piston having an unchanged diameter D1.
  • the length L of the magnetic piston 55 is selected so that the control portion 55a does not project into the through hole 1 e of the iron yoke element 1, but flush with the inner surface of the transverse leg 1 c.
  • the parasitic air gap 56 extends in this case over the entire cross-sectional area of the passage opening 1 e, and the magnetic flux of force concentrates during the lifting movement of the magnetic piston 55 on the part of the control portion 55 a, which still protrudes into the through hole 1 e. Since this part becomes smaller and smaller in accordance with the travel length of the magnetic piston in the stroke end position HE, the magnetic resistance increases and hence the lift force sharply drops, as shown in the curve C in the working air gap force diagram of FIG ,
  • the spring force of the spring 59 is set so that the Hubendposition HE not by a mechanical stop of the magnetic piston 55 on the pole core 2, but by a balance of forces exerted by the spring 59 on the magnetic piston 55 spring force with the electromagnetic forces , which are generated by the exciting coil 3, is determined.
  • the magnetic piston 55 is at its stroke end position HE of the pole core 2 about 0.5 mm apart, and there is a residual working air gap 8 of 0.5 mm in length.
  • the magnetic iron yoke element need not be formed as a bracket, but, e.g. can also be designed as a housing.
  • the magnetic iron yoke element is also referred to as a stator.
  • the magnetic piston is often referred to in the literature as an anchor.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Sheets, Magazines, And Separation Thereof (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
EP07450017A 2006-02-06 2007-02-05 Electroaimant de levage Revoked EP1818951B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0017606A AT503480B1 (de) 2006-02-06 2006-02-06 Hubmagnet

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1818951A1 true EP1818951A1 (fr) 2007-08-15
EP1818951B1 EP1818951B1 (fr) 2009-08-26

Family

ID=38124056

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07450017A Revoked EP1818951B1 (fr) 2006-02-06 2007-02-05 Electroaimant de levage

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1818951B1 (fr)
AT (2) AT503480B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE502007001369D1 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2164081A2 (fr) * 2008-09-10 2010-03-17 MSG Mechatronic Systems GmbH Aimant commutable
FR2940502A1 (fr) * 2008-12-19 2010-06-25 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Actionneur electromagnetique d'un bloc de commande de distance, et bloc le comprenant
WO2011124323A3 (fr) * 2010-04-07 2012-01-05 Hydac Fluidtechnik Gmbh Dispositif d'actionnement
CN102431880A (zh) * 2011-12-16 2012-05-02 清华大学 一种用于核电站的电磁吊具
CN106710782A (zh) * 2017-03-16 2017-05-24 西南应用磁学研究所 双磁极结构电磁铁
DE102019200370A1 (de) 2019-01-15 2020-07-16 Festo Se & Co. Kg Elektromagnetischer Aktor und damit ausgestattetes Magnetventil
EP4060694A1 (fr) * 2021-03-16 2022-09-21 Hydac Fluidtechnik GmbH Aimant d'actionnement

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006042215B4 (de) * 2006-09-08 2018-05-30 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Elektromagnetische Stelleinheit
DE102010021175A1 (de) 2010-05-21 2011-11-24 Hydac Electronic Gmbh Elektromagnet
DE102011108464A1 (de) * 2011-07-23 2013-01-24 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Bistabiler Hubmagnet für Lenkungsverriegelungen

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4604600A (en) * 1983-12-23 1986-08-05 G. W. Lisk Company, Inc. Solenoid construction and method for making the same
DE19622794A1 (de) * 1996-06-07 1997-12-11 Binder Magnete Hubmagnet
EP1357322A1 (fr) * 2001-08-20 2003-10-29 Advics Co., Ltd. Soupape magnetique
DE202005012251U1 (de) * 2005-08-04 2005-10-27 Indeas Eingabe- Und Antriebs-Systeme Gmbh Magnetische Antriebsvorrichtung

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS57186312A (en) * 1981-05-11 1982-11-16 Kamiya Denshi Kogyo Kk Bistable keep solenoid
JPH0338805A (ja) * 1989-07-05 1991-02-19 Shima Seiki Seisakusho:Kk 自己保持型直流ソレノイド

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4604600A (en) * 1983-12-23 1986-08-05 G. W. Lisk Company, Inc. Solenoid construction and method for making the same
DE19622794A1 (de) * 1996-06-07 1997-12-11 Binder Magnete Hubmagnet
EP1357322A1 (fr) * 2001-08-20 2003-10-29 Advics Co., Ltd. Soupape magnetique
DE202005012251U1 (de) * 2005-08-04 2005-10-27 Indeas Eingabe- Und Antriebs-Systeme Gmbh Magnetische Antriebsvorrichtung

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2164081A2 (fr) * 2008-09-10 2010-03-17 MSG Mechatronic Systems GmbH Aimant commutable
EP2164081A3 (fr) * 2008-09-10 2013-06-26 MSG Mechatronic Systems GmbH Aimant commutable
FR2940502A1 (fr) * 2008-12-19 2010-06-25 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Actionneur electromagnetique d'un bloc de commande de distance, et bloc le comprenant
WO2011124323A3 (fr) * 2010-04-07 2012-01-05 Hydac Fluidtechnik Gmbh Dispositif d'actionnement
EP2743941A3 (fr) * 2010-04-07 2014-07-02 Hydac Fluidtechnik GmbH Dispositif d'actionnement
CN102431880A (zh) * 2011-12-16 2012-05-02 清华大学 一种用于核电站的电磁吊具
CN102431880B (zh) * 2011-12-16 2014-01-29 清华大学 一种用于核电站的电磁吊具
CN106710782A (zh) * 2017-03-16 2017-05-24 西南应用磁学研究所 双磁极结构电磁铁
DE102019200370A1 (de) 2019-01-15 2020-07-16 Festo Se & Co. Kg Elektromagnetischer Aktor und damit ausgestattetes Magnetventil
EP4060694A1 (fr) * 2021-03-16 2022-09-21 Hydac Fluidtechnik GmbH Aimant d'actionnement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE441191T1 (de) 2009-09-15
DE502007001369D1 (de) 2009-10-08
AT503480B1 (de) 2008-10-15
AT503480A1 (de) 2007-10-15
EP1818951B1 (fr) 2009-08-26

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