Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
  • H01F7/00—Magnets
  • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
  • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
  • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
  • H01F7/1638—Armatures not entering the winding
  • H01F7/1646—Armatures or stationary parts of magnetic circuit having permanent magnet
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
  • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
  • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
  • F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
  • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
  • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
  • F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
  • F01L2013/0052—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction with cams provided on an axially slidable sleeve
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
  • F01L2820/00—Details on specific features characterising valve gear arrangements
  • F01L2820/03—Auxiliary actuators
  • F01L2820/031—Electromagnets
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
  • H01F7/00—Magnets
  • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
  • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
  • H01F7/081—Magnetic constructions
  • H01F2007/086—Structural details of the armature
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
  • H01F7/00—Magnets
  • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
  • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
  • H01F7/127—Assembling

Definitions

• the invention relates to an electromagnetic adjusting device according to the preamble of claim 1.
• Such devices are well known, for example, as actuators with electro-magnets and are used for a variety of applications.
• the basic principle is that an actuating element in the form of a piston, which has an engagement region for the intended setting task, is guided in a housing as an armature between a stationary core region and a bearing element acting as a yoke and actuated by means of an electromagnet provided approximately in the core region can be.
• the housing is designed to conduct the magnetic flux in order to close the magnetic circuit together with the yoke acting as a bearing element.
• the adjusting element is integrally formed from a soft magnetic material.
• the soft magnetic material By the soft magnetic material, the magnetic field lines are bundled, whereby the magnetic field is amplified in the region of the actuating element, which in turn faster switching times can be realized.
• a disadvantage of the known adjusting device is that the mechanical loads acting unavoidably on the engagement region, which is likewise formed of the soft-magnetic material, of the actuating element have a low mechanical strength during the execution of methods. Stell tasks lead to increased wear of the control element in the engagement area.
• a non-generic electromagnetic actuator which has a return spring instead of permanent magnet means.
• the actuating element is formed in three pieces.
• the three-piece design is necessary in the known device to form an abutment for the return spring.
• an abutment serves the middle section of the known actuator.
• the invention has for its object to form a generic electromagnetic actuator while maintaining short switching times robust.
• the invention is based on the idea of dividing the actuating element into two sections and optimizing the first section in the region of the permanent magnet means, preferably radially within the permanent magnet means, with respect to the magnetic conductivity, ie form this section in such a way that the magnetic field lines are capable of high accelerations of the adjusting element and thus strongly bundled in order to amplify the force acting on the adjusting element of the coil means magnetic field and thereby the highest possible accelerations of the actuating element and thus realize short switching times.
• the second section of the actuating element according to the invention comprises the end-side engagement region of the actuating element. This is not optimized with regard to the magnetic conductivity, but with regard to its strength in order to withstand the mechanical loads acting on it as long as possible, without damage.
• an electromagnetic actuator Due to the subdivision of the actuator according to the invention into said two sections, of which the coil device side first section is optimized in terms of magnetic conductivity and the engaging portion portion with respect to its wear behavior, an electromagnetic actuator is obtained which guarantees both short switching times and a long life on the one hand , These properties are of decisive advantage in particular for the use of the electromagnetic actuating device according to the invention in motor vehicles, for example as a camshaft stroke switching or as a valve actuating device.
• the second section that is to say the section optimized with regard to its wear behavior, extends into the bearing element acting as a yoke.
• the bearing portion of the actuating element is thus wear-optimized and can absorb the frictional forces acting on it during a translatory adjustment movement without damage.
• the two sections of the actuating element are preferably made of differently connected actuating element parts from different realized materials.
• the actuating element is not integral, but preferably formed in two pieces, wherein the first, coil device-side actuator element, in particular by its choice of material, is optimized in terms of magnetic conductivity and the engagement area side actuator element is wear-optimized.
• the choice of different materials to optimize the corresponding properties of the two actuator elements is advantageous because usually the demands for high magnetic conductivity and high mechanical strength are diametrically opposed.
• the two actuator elements are not only, for example, spring-assisted to each other, but are rotatably connected to each other to ensure a synchronous movement of the composite of the two actuator elements actuator.
• the first actuating element part is made of soft magnetic material in order to achieve extreme focusing of the magnetic field lines.
• Soft magnetic materials are characterized by their easy magnetization.
• both metallic and ceramic soft magnetic materials can be used to form the first actuator element part.
• ferromagnetic metals such as iron, cobalt and nickel are suitable.
• ferrites based on metal oxides can also be used.
• this is formed, for example, from austenitic material. Austenite has a cubic-face-centered structure, with the hardness of austenite enormously, especially by cold deformation can be increased. Austenite is not ferromagnetic and is therefore not suitable for the formation of the first actuator element part.
• the two actuator elements are arranged adjacent to each other in the axial direction.
• the two actuator elements are directly adjacent to each other.
• Such an embodiment is manufacturing technology advantageous because the two actuator elements only need to be connected to each other frontally.
• the two actuator elements are not axially, but radially adjacent to each other.
• the second, that is to say the engagement area-side actuating element part is formed as the first adjusting element part encompassing sections, for example shrunk or pressed on, sleeve.
• the sleeve is closed at the front to protect the free end face of the actuating element against damage. If, on the other hand, the second actuating element part is formed only as a sleeve open on both sides, then the engagement region of the actuating element is formed by the lateral surface, in particular by radial depressions in the lateral surface.
• the adjusting element is not formed in two pieces, but in one piece.
• the actuating element preferably consists of soft magnetic material, wherein the second, wear-optimized section is formed by a section of the actuating element that has been hardened, in particular by heat treatment.
• the permanent magnet means do not rest on the entire face of the bearing element, but that on the permanent means facing end side of the bearing element, preferably closed annular bead is provided, wherein the annular bead serves as a stop or abutment for the permanent magnet means in the extended position of the actuating element.
• the end face having the annular bead is surrounded by a radially outer coaxial circumferential portion of the bearing element, which is sealed on the side facing away from the permanent magnet means with respect to a carrier, in particular an engine block.
• Fig. 1 is a partial side sectional view of the electromagnetic actuator according to a preferred embodiment of the invention
• FIG. 2 shows an enlarged detail view of the detail A according to FIG. 1;
• FIG. 3 shows a possible embodiment of a two-part adjusting element, wherein the two actuating element parts are axially adjacent and welded together;
• FIG. 4 shows a further possible embodiment of an actuating element, in which the actuating element is likewise designed in two parts, the second actuating element part with increased strength being designed as a sleeve;
• FIG Fig. 5 shows a further exemplary embodiment of an actuating element, wherein it is formed in one piece with two sections and the second section with higher mechanical strength is designed as a hardened region
• FIG Fig. 6 a further embodiment of an actuating element, which is formed in two pieces, wherein the two actuating element parts are positively connected to each other and glued or welded together.
• an electromagnetic adjusting device 1 which cooperates with an actuating partner, not shown, in particular a camshaft Hubumsciens actuated.
• the electromagnetic adjustment device 1 comprises a hollow-cylindrical, magnetically conductive sleeve element 2, within which an elongate piston-shaped control element 3 is arranged.
• the adjusting element 3 passes through a permanent magnet arrangement 4 which is arranged non-rotatably on the latter and consists of a central, cylindrical soft iron disk 5 and on both sides of this arranged permanent magnet 6a, 6b with a larger diameter, but smaller thickness.
• the adjusting element 3 is movably guided between a stationary core region 7 and a sleeve-shaped bearing element 8 which acts as a yoke, wherein the bearing element 8 is sealingly guided in a correspondingly measured hollow-cylindrical recess 9 of a carrier 10, for example an engine block section.
• the core region 7 is part of a Spulenein- direction, not shown, in the left half of the drawing within the
• Socket element 2 is arranged and when energized by generating a magnetic field adjusting on the Actuating element 3, in particular away from the core region 7, acts.
• actuator 3 is made in two parts. It comprises a first actuating element part 3a, which is arranged in the region of the permanent magnet arrangement 4, and an axially adjacent second actuating element part 3b, which is guided inside the bearing element 8.
• the second actuating element part 3b comprises an end even in the retracted state of the actuating element 3 from the bearing element 8 projecting engagement portion 11, which acts acting on the adjusting partner, not shown.
• the two actuator elements 3a, 3b are positive locking, rotatably connected to each other and laser welded together at their ends.
• the positive connection is realized with axially interlocking connection portions 12a, 12b, via which a torque in the circumferential direction between the two
• the connecting portions 12a, 12b of the actuator parts 3a, 3b are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction.
• the first actuator element 3a is made of soft iron and the right in the drawing plane, the engaging portion 11 comprehensive second actuator element 3b is formed of cold-formed austenite and therefore has a high mechanical strength.
• FIG. 2 the detail A of Fig. 1 is shown enlarged.
• a circumferentially closed annular bead 14 with a ner rounded end face is provided, wherein the annular bead 14 is arranged coaxially with a radial distance to the actuating element 3 and to the second actuator element 3b.
• the extent of the annular bead 14 in the axial direction is about 3.0 mm.
• the annular bead 14 forms a stop or an abutment for the permanent magnet 6b of the permanent magnet assembly 4.
• the annular bead 14 is disposed radially within an outer peripheral wall 15 of the bearing element 8 and projects beyond this by about 0.3 mm.
• the inner diameter of the circumferential wall 15 is greater than the maximum outer diameter of the permanent magnet arrangement 4.
• actuating element 3 In Fig. 3, a possible further exemplary embodiment of an actuating element 3 is shown.
• the illustrated control element 3 consists of two approximately equally long actuator elements 3a, 3b, which are frontally adjacent to each other and are welded together.
• the abutment surface 16 of the two actuating element parts 3a, 3b has a larger area than the section of the actuating element parts 3a, 3b axially immediately adjacent to each other.
• the two actuating element parts 3a, 3b are welded together, for example friction-welded, capacitor-welded or laser-welded.
• the left in the drawing plane actuator element 3a is optimized in terms of its magnetic conductivity and formed of soft magnetic material, wherein the first actuator element 3a, the cylindrical permanent magnet assembly 4 is formed by passing.
• the second actuator element 3b is formed of mechanically strong, hard material, so that it is optimized with respect to its wear properties. Due to the large distance to the core region 7, the magnetic properties of the second actuator element 3b do not matter.
• the first actuating element part 3 a of soft magnetic material extends over the entire axial extent of the actuating element 3.
• the engagement region 11 is provided with a second sleeve-shaped actuating element part 3 b with higher mechanical strength wherein the second actuator element 3b forms the engagement region 11.
• the sleeve-shaped control element part 3b is shrunk or pressed onto the first control element part 3a, for example. Gluing is also conceivable.
• the sleeve may also be designed to be closed at the end so as to likewise protect the end face 17 of the actuating element 3 from mechanical loads.
• the permanent magnet arrangement 4 is received in a form-fitting manner in the axial direction in a circumferential groove 18 of the adjusting element 3.
• the adjusting element 3 is formed in one piece, wherein the adjusting element 3 is made continuously of soft magnetic material.
• the actuator 3 is subdivided into a first permanent magnet side uncured portion 19 and a bearing portion and the engagement portion 11 comprehensive second hardened portion 20. By curing the second portion 20 of the actuating element 3, the actuating element 3 in the area within the bearing element 8 and in the engagement portion 11th wear-optimized.
• FIG. 6 is an enlarged representation of the actuating element 3 according to FIG. 1. With regard to the details, reference is made to the description of FIG.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
• Electromagnets (AREA)
• Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
• Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
• Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=38713430

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Families Citing this family (20)

Family Cites Families (9)

• 2006
  • 2006-08-03 DE DE202006011905U patent/DE202006011905U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 2007
  • 2007-08-02 DE DE502007004506T patent/DE502007004506D1/de active Active
  • 2007-08-02 AT AT07786506T patent/ATE475189T1/de active
  • 2007-08-02 CN CNA200780035216XA patent/CN101523524A/zh active Pending
  • 2007-08-02 US US12/375,972 patent/US8203405B2/en active Active
  • 2007-08-02 JP JP2009522173A patent/JP2009545867A/ja active Pending
  • 2007-08-02 EP EP07786506A patent/EP2050107B1/fr active Active
  • 2007-08-02 WO PCT/EP2007/006827 patent/WO2008014995A1/fr active Application Filing

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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