EP1809826A1 - Systeme de mur creux - Google Patents

Systeme de mur creux

Info

Publication number
EP1809826A1
EP1809826A1 EP05793944A EP05793944A EP1809826A1 EP 1809826 A1 EP1809826 A1 EP 1809826A1 EP 05793944 A EP05793944 A EP 05793944A EP 05793944 A EP05793944 A EP 05793944A EP 1809826 A1 EP1809826 A1 EP 1809826A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cavity
wall
mounting
positioning
cladding panels
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05793944A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
James Gleeson
Jesper G. Jensen
Joseph Emmanuel Zarb
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
James Hardie Technology Ltd
Original Assignee
James Hardie International Finance BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AU2004905965A external-priority patent/AU2004905965A0/en
Application filed by James Hardie International Finance BV filed Critical James Hardie International Finance BV
Publication of EP1809826A1 publication Critical patent/EP1809826A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F19/00—Other details of constructional parts for finishing work on buildings
    • E04F19/02—Borders; Finishing strips, e.g. beadings; Light coves
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/762—Exterior insulation of exterior walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/762—Exterior insulation of exterior walls
    • E04B1/765—Bottom edge finishing profile
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/56—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members
    • E04B2/70—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members with elongated members of wood
    • E04B2/706—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members with elongated members of wood with supporting function
    • E04B2/707—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members with elongated members of wood with supporting function obturation by means of panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/007—Outer coverings for walls with ventilating means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/02—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings of plastic materials hardening after applying, e.g. plaster
    • E04F13/04—Bases for plaster
    • E04F13/06—Edge-protecting borders
    • E04F2013/063—Edge-protecting borders for corners
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/02—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings of plastic materials hardening after applying, e.g. plaster
    • E04F13/04—Bases for plaster
    • E04F13/06—Edge-protecting borders
    • E04F2013/065—Edge-protecting borders for lower edges of outer insulation layers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a building system and method of construction of the type providing a wall cavity and a monolithic surface finish.
  • the invention has been developed primarily for use in the construction of domestic dwellings. However, it will be appreciated the that the invention is not limited to this particular field of use, being readily adaptable to commercial, industrial and other forms of building construction.
  • Modern residential housing construction is typically in the form of full masonry, timber framing with attached cladding, or a combination of masonry and timber framing such as brick veneer.
  • Masonry construction in exterior walls may take the form of solid single skin masonry such as concrete, stone or brickwork, or multi-skin masonry such as double brick or cavity brick construction.
  • Multi-skin masonry has the advantage of providing a gap to separate the capillary moisture transfer from one skin to the other. It also allows for water drainage through the provision of weepholes and flashing at horizontal junctions, at openings and at the base of the wall to divert the water to the outside of the building.
  • Multi-skin masonry also provides superior thermal installation characteristics.
  • One such method involved the inclusion of a drainage plane material such as building wrap between the frame or sheathing and the EPS substrate panel, which provides an improvement on bonding the EPS directly to the sheathing.
  • a further improvement was to profile the back of the foam substrate panel or install battens prior to panel installation, so as to provide a space for water drainage and potentially ventilation.
  • one known construction technique involves attaching a cement or fibre cement sheet material to a timber frame, over a pliable building membrane or building wrap. Intermediate layers of sarking or building paper, as well as bracing panels, insulating panels, fire rating panels, and the like may additionally or alternatively be included. A textured or rendered finish is then applied to the fibre cement sheet substrate, so as to create an effectively continuous monolithic appearance similar to that of rendered brickwork. The render may optionally be paint finished to a desired colour or surface texture.
  • Such techniques have been relatively successful in providing the desired aesthetics and architectural flexibility in a cost-effective manner.
  • the invention provides a cavity wall system including: a wall structure; a plurality of outer wall cladding panels; and a plurality of discrete mounting elements for mounting the cladding panels a predetermined distance away from the wall structure so as to form a substantially flat exterior wall surface and a substantially uninterrupted internal wall cavity between the cladding panels and the wall structure; the mounting elements being sized and arranged so as to allow substantially uninterrupted fluid flow throughout the cavity; and the system further including moisture control means defining a moisture control plane to minimise migration of liquid moisture from the cavity into the wall structure.
  • the invention provides a method of forming a cavity wall, said method including the steps of: forming a wall structure; providing a plurality of outer wall cladding panels; and mounting the cladding panels a predetermined distance away from the wall structure with a plurality of discrete mounting elements to form a substantially flat exterior wall surface and a substantially uninterrupted internal wall cavity between the cladding panels and the wall structure; sizing and arranging the mounting elements so as to allow substantially uninterrupted fluid flow throughout the cavity; and providing moisture control means to define a moisture control plane adapted to minimise migration of liquid moisture from the cavity into the wall structure.
  • the invention provides a cavity wall formed in accordance with the method of the second aspect of the invention as described above.
  • the wall structure is formed from concrete or masonry, and the moisture control plane is formed by a coating of sealant or moisture resistant paint on the cavity side of the structure.
  • a relatively dense or moisture-impervious concrete or other formulation is used for the wall structure itself, such that an additional coating of sealant or paint is not required.
  • a pliable building membrane is used to cover and seal the wall structure, and in this case, the membrane itself forms the moisture control plane.
  • the wall structure is formed from a timber frame
  • the moisture control plane is formed by a substantially waterproof pliable building membrane that is preferably permeable to moisture vapour, or a plurality of overlapping membranes, covering the outer or cavity side of the frame.
  • the membrane or membranes are preferably breathable or permeable to water vapour, to enable the underlying frame to dry in the event that it does become damp or wet as a result of water or moisture ingress.
  • the moisture control means defining the moisture control plane may take the form of a separate coating, covering, layering or membrane, whether individual or composite in nature, or may be inherent in the composition of the wall structure itself.
  • the moisture control plane serves to redirect liquid water within the cavity downwardly for easy escape to the outside of the structure individually or in combination with flashings, while permitting migration of water in vapour form through the moisture control plane so as to facilitate drying of the underlying wall structure.
  • the membrane includes an outer reflective surface, or a supplementary sarking membrane having a reflective outer surface is provided, to enhance the thermal insulation characteristics of the wall.
  • outwardly directed reflective surfaces are applied to both the cavity side of the cladding panels and the cavity side of the wall structure, using suitable paints, coatings, sarkings and/or membrane materials.
  • supplementary spacers are included to maintain the internal wall cavity between the pliable building membrane and the cladding panels, and to reduce wind-induced movement of the membrane, particularly between the framing members.
  • these supplementary spacers minimise any "flapping" of the membrane under high or variable wind conditions.
  • a lower periphery of the cavity includes an opening to permit drainage of liquid from the cavity and venting of the cavity.
  • an upper periphery of the cavity includes a vent that permits venting of the cavity.
  • the exterior wall surface defined by the cladding panels constitutes a substrate supporting at least one outer finishing layer.
  • the outer finishing layer conceals the edges between adjacent cladding panels and any exposed portions of the mounting elements to provide a monolithic finish over the exterior wall surface.
  • the outer finishing layer is applied by rendering or textured coating, and is optionally sealed, primed, painted or a combination thereof to produce an outer surface finish resembling that of monolithic masonry construction.
  • the cladding panels are formed substantially from fibre cement sheet.
  • the exterior surface of each cladding panel is preferably coated with an outer finishing layer such as render or paint, and the interior surface of each cladding panel is preferably covered with a carbonation reducing coating, so as to reduce differential carbonation within the fibre cement panel.
  • the substrate panels can be formed from other materials such as EPS, of sufficient strength and thickness to span between the respective mounting elements.
  • the exterior wall surface is coated with a sub-layer of render, a reinforcing mesh layer over the sub-layer, and an external finishing layer over the reinforcing layer.
  • the mounting elements include both mounting members and termination members. These members can be formed from materials of sufficient strength to support the intended dead and imposed live loads, including shaped metals, extruded or processed plastics, and the like.
  • the invention provides a mounting member for use in the cavity wall system and method as described above, the mounting member including: a mounting portion adapted for attachment to a wall structure; a spacing portion adapted to space at least one associated cladding panel outwardly from the mounting portion by a predetermined distance corresponding to the intended depth of an internal wall cavity; and at least one positioning portion adapted for connection to the associated cladding panel; the mounting member being adapted, in conjunction with a plurality of like members, to support and position a plurality of cladding panels in substantially contiguous each to edge relationship at the predetermined distance away from the wall structure, thereby to form a substantially flat exterior wall surface and a substantially uninterrupted internal wall cavity between the cladding panels and the wall structure.
  • the mounting portion is adapted for attachment to the wall structure over the moisture control plane.
  • the mounting member takes the form of a mounting block wherein the mounting portion is defined by an inner face of the block, the spacing portion is defined by a main body of the block, and the positioning portion is defined by an outer face of the block.
  • a plurality of these ⁇ mounting blocks in spaced apart relationship support and position the plurality of cladding panels by fasteners driven into the cladding panels, through the respective blocks, and into the underlying wall structure.
  • the mounting members are profiled to allow substantially uninterrupted fluid flow around or through the respective bodies.
  • the mounting member takes the form of a mounting bracket, wherein the mounting portion includes a mounting plate, the spacing portion includes a spacing web, and the bracket further includes: a first pair of spaced apart substantially parallel positioning surfaces interconnected by an orthogonal web, both first positioning surfaces being substantially parallel to the mounting plate and located at one end of the spacing web opposite the mounting plate; and a second pair of spaced apart substantially parallel positioning surfaces interconnected by an orthogonal web, both second positioning surfaces being substantially parallel to the mounting plate and located at the end of the spacing web opposite the mounting plate; the first pair of positioning surfaces and the second pair of positioning surfaces and their respective interconnecting webs forming oppositely directed substantially
  • U-shaped positioning channels the positioning channels being adapted to receive and locate adjacent edges of adjoining cladding panels, to retain the panels in substantially contiguous each to edge relationship, outwardly of the wall structure.
  • the mounting portion includes a perforation for a fastener.
  • the spacing web includes a spacing plate extending substantially normally to the mounting plate by a predetermined distance corresponding to the intended depth of the wall cavity.
  • the positioning surfaces are located on respective positioning plate flanges.
  • the invention provides a termination member for use in the cavity wall system and method as defined, the termination member including: a mounting portion adapted for attachment to a wall structure; a spacing portion extending outwardly from the mounting portion by a predetermined distance corresponding to the intended thickness of the internal wall cavity; a positioning portion connected to the end of the spacing portion opposite the mounting portion, the positioning portion being adapted for connection to at least one associated cladding panel; the termination member being adapted to support and position the associated cladding panel at the predetermined distance away from the wall structure, and to define an edge of the exterior wall surface; the termination member further including a drainage portion adapted to permit drainage of liquid from the wall cavity.
  • the mounting portion is adapted for attachment to the wall structure over the moisture control plane.
  • the termination member takes the form of a starter strip wherein the mounting portion includes a mounting plate, the drainage portion includes a drainage surface extending outwardly from the mounting plate, and the positioning portion includes: an inner positioning surface extending in one direction from the drainage surface parallel to the mounting plate; a support surface extending outwardly from the inner positioning surface; and an outer positioning surface extending from the support surface parallel to the mounting plate; whereby the inner positioning surface, support surface and outer positioning surface together form a substantially U-shaped channel adapted to receive and locate a peripheral edge of the associated cladding panel.
  • the drainage surface is configured to drain away from the mounting plate. In another preferred embodiment, the drainage surface drains towards the support surface. In yet another preferred embodiment, the drainage surface includes perforations for drainage or ventilation.
  • the support surface includes a drainage groove to permit drainage of liquid from the interior surface of cladding panels and away from the wall cavity.
  • the outer positioning surface is preferably located on an outer positioning flange having perforations for keying with an over-coating render.
  • the termination member preferably includes an alignment flange extending generally outwardly from the outer positioning flange for supporting and aligning an applied exterior wall surface coating.
  • the termination member also preferably includes a perforated flange extending away from the U-shaped channel generally orthogonally from the support surface for providing ventilation or drainage along an edge of the exterior wall surface.
  • the termination member takes the form of a top strip wherein the mounting portion comprises a mounting plate, the spacing and ventilation portion comprises a perforated spacing surface extending outwardly from the mounting plate, and the positioning portion comprises: an inner positioning surface extending in one direction from the perforated spacing surface parallel to the mounting plate; a support surface extending outwardly from the inner positioning surface; and an outer positioning surface extending from the support surface parallel to the mounting plate; whereby the inner positioning surface, support surface and outer positioning surface together form a substantially U-shaped channel adapted to receive and locate a peripheral edge of the associated cladding panel.
  • the outer positioning surface is preferably located on an outer positioning flange having perforations for keying with an over-coating render.
  • the termination member preferably includes an alignment flange extending generally outwardly from the outer positioning flange for supporting and aligning an applied exterior wall surface coating.
  • the top strip preferably also includes a perforated flange extending upwardly away from the U-shaped channel generally orthogonally from the support surface to provide ventilation along an edge of the exterior wall surface.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a cavity wall system according to the invention
  • Figure 2 is an enlarged fragmentary view of an off-stud joiner of the cavity wall system
  • Figures 3a-3f are perspective views of various embodiments of a mounting member of the cavity wall system
  • Figure 4 is a fragmentary view of another embodiment of a cavity wall system according to the invention.
  • Figure 5 is a perspective view of a mounting member for a cavity wall system according to the invention.
  • Figure 6 is a perspective view of another embodiment of a mounting member for a cavity wall system according to the invention.
  • Figure 7 is a perspective view of a termination member for a cavity wall system according to the invention.
  • Figure 8 is a fragmentary perspective view of another embodiment of a termination member for a cavity wall system according to the invention, and showing an embodiment of a drainage groove in the support surface;
  • Figure 9 is a fragmentary partially cut-away view of an embodiment of a cavity wall system including the termination member shown in Figure 7;
  • Figure 10 is perspective view of a termination member in the form of a vented top strip according to the invention
  • Figure 11 is sectional view of a wall assembly incorporating upper ventilation of the cavity through the vented top strip of Figure 10.
  • the invention provides a cavity wall system including a wall structure 1 and a plurality of outer wall cladding panels 2.
  • the wall structure is a building frame with its outer side substantially covered by moisture control means in the form of a pliable building membrane 3 defining a moisture control plane.
  • the cladding panels 2 are formed substantially from fibre cement sheets, or other materials such as EPS, of sufficient strength and thickness.
  • the system further includes a plurality of discrete mounting elements including mounting members 4, termination members or starter strips 5 and off-stud joiners 6.
  • the mounting elements are sized and arranged so as to allow substantially uninterrupted airflow and water drainage throughout the cavity.
  • a lower periphery of the cavity includes openings 9 to permit drainage of liquid from the cavity.
  • the wall structure may be a masonry wall or a concrete wall.
  • the moisture control means may be a coating of sealant or paint.
  • the moisture control means may be a reflective membrane or a form of sarking attached to the wall structure in a continuous configuration or an overlapping configuration. Reflective membranes further enhance the already increased insulation performance of the cavity wall system over known systems such as direct fix cladding.
  • supplementary spacers are preferably included to maintain the internal wall cavity 8 between the pliable building membrane 3 and the cladding panels 2 and to reduce wind-induced movement of the pliable building membrane.
  • spacers are particularly useful where the pliable building membrane spans between the studs 10 of a frame wall structure 1 or between the mounting elements of the cavity wall system.
  • the spacers can be discrete units or continuous, profiled or solid, and preferably formed from a material with high thermal insulation properties such as expanded polymeric foam material.
  • the spacers may be adhered with tapes, adhesives or fasteners, as appropriate.
  • the wall surface 7 constitutes a substrate, which is adapted to support at least one outer finishing layer.
  • the outer finishing layer conceals the edges 11 between adjacent cladding panels and the exposed portions 12 of the mounting elements to provide a monolithic finish over the wall surface.
  • the external wall surface is coated with a sub-layer of render 13, a reinforcing mesh layer 14 over the sub-layer, and an outer rendered layer 15 over the reinforcing layer.
  • the outer rendered layer is ideally painted to produce an outer surface finish 16 resembling that of monolithic masonry construction. Concealing the cladding panels allows the panels to be of different sizes and shapes, which allows for greater flexibility in the positioning of the edges of the panels.
  • the interior surface 17 of each cladding panel is preferably covered with a carbonation reducing coating, so as to reduce differential carbonation within the fibre cement panel.
  • Each mounting member 4 includes a mounting portion 18 adapted for attachment to the frame over the building membrane 3, a spacing portion 19, and at least one positioning portion 20 adapted for connection to an associated cladding panel 2.
  • the spacing portion 19 is sized to space the associated cladding panel outwardly from the frame by a predetermined distance corresponding to the intended depth of the wall cavity 8.
  • the mounting members are adapted in combination to position and support a plurality of the fibre cement cladding panels in substantially contiguous edge-to-edge relationship at the same predetermined distance away from the frame, so as to form the effectively continuous exterior wall surface 7 and the substantially uninterrupted internal wall cavity 8.
  • Figures 3 a to 3 f show several preferred embodiments of the mounting member 4.
  • the mounting member takes the form of a mounting block wherein the mounting portion 18 is defined by an inner face 21 of the block, the spacing portion 19 is defined by the body thickness 22 of the block, and the positioning portion 20 is defined by an outer face 23 of the block.
  • the simplest embodiment is a substantially right rectangular prism, as shown in Figure 3e. However, the other embodiments are profiled to allow improved fluid flow around or through the body.
  • Figure 3 c shows a hollow right rectangular prism with openings 24 at the top and bottom in the installed configuration. The hollow configuration thereby allows fluid to flow downwardly through the body of the mounting member.
  • Figure 3b shows a block with sides 25 that taper inwardly from the inner face 21 towards the outer face 23.
  • Figure 3f shows a block wherein both the top and bottom sides 26 taper downwardly in the installed configuration.
  • the tapered sides featured in these embodiments allow fluid to flow more readily around the body.
  • Figures 3 a and 3d each show a right rectangular prism with three parallel channels 27 recessed into the inner face 21 to allow fluid to flow vertically through the body in the installed orientation.
  • Figure 3a shows arcuate channels, while Figure 3d shows rectangular channels. It will be appreciated that many configurations of three- dimensional shaped or profiled spacers may be used.
  • a plurality of these mounting blocks are used in appropriately spaced apart relationship to support and position the fibre cement cladding panels by fasteners driven into the cladding panels, through the respective block bodies and into the underlying frame.
  • These fasteners may take the form of nails, screws, staples, tacks or similar forms of fastener.
  • Alternative forms of fastening such as gluing may also be used.
  • Figures 5 and 6 show alternative types of mounting members, in the form of mounting brackets.
  • the mounting portion 18 comprises a mounting plate 28 with a pre-formed perforation 29 adapted to receive a fastening element such as a nail or self-tapping screw.
  • the spacing portion 19 comprises at least one spacing web 30 in the form of a plate extending substantially normally to the mounting plate by a predetermined distance corresponding to the intended depth of the wall cavity.
  • the spacing web supports a first pair of spaced apart substantially parallel positioning surfaces 31 interconnected by an orthogonal web 32, and a second pair of spaced apart substantially parallel positioning surfaces 33 interconnected by an orthogonal web 34.
  • the first and second positioning surfaces are substantially parallel to the mounting plate and in conjunction with their respective interconnecting webs form oppositely directed substantially U-shaped positioning channels 35 and 36. These channels are adapted to receive and locate adjacent edges of adjoining cladding panels 2, to retain the panels in substantially contiguous edge-to-edge relationship, outwardly of the frame 1.
  • the mounting plate 28 and one spacing web 30 form an L-shape with the spacing web projecting orthogonally from the bottom of the mounting plate in its installed configuration.
  • the end of the spacing web terminates at a pair of identical spaced parallel positioning flanges 37 interconnected midway between their respective ends by an orthogonal web 38.
  • the orthogonal web extends linearly from the spacing web 30.
  • the first positioning surfaces 31 are located respectively on the mutually opposed inwardly facing surfaces of the upwardly projecting portions of the positioning flanges 37.
  • the second positioning surfaces 33 are located respectively on the mutually opposed inwardly facing surfaces of the downwardly projecting portions of the positioning flanges 37. Further reinforcing webs can be added to strengthen the mounting member if necessary.
  • the mounting member of this embodiment is well suited to being formed from extruded aluminium or suitable plastics materials such as vinyl.
  • the mounting plate 28 and two spacing webs 30 form a U-shaped channel, with the plane of each spacing web in a vertical orientation when installed.
  • a corresponding pair of spaced parallel positioning flanges 39 and 40 interconnected by respective orthogonal webs 41 and 42.
  • Both pairs of positioning flanges are parallel to the mounting plate 28 and are connected to a respective spacing web along the side of the respective inner positioning flange.
  • one pair of positioning flanges 39 is upwardly directed and the other pair 40 is downwardly directed.
  • each outer positioning flange is split vertically in half with one half of the outer positioning flange reversed into the opposing direction. This results in an additional positioning flange 43 directed downwardly from upwardly directed positioning flanges 39 and an additional positioning flange 44 directed upwardly from downwardly directed positioning flanges 40.
  • the first positioning surfaces 31 are located respectively on the inwardly facing surfaces of the upwardly directed positioning flanges 39.
  • An additional first positioning surface 46 is located on the inwardly facing surface of the upwardly directed additional positioning flange 44.
  • the second positioning surfaces 33 are located respectively on the inwardly facing surfaces of the downwardly directed positioning flanges 40.
  • An additional second positioning surface 45 is located on the inwardly facing surface of downwardly directed additional positioning flange 43.
  • the mounting member of this embodiment is well suited for cold forming from metals such as galvanised steel, Zincalume or stainless steel, but again may alternatively be formed from suitable plastics materials such as vinyl.
  • the termination member 5 includes a mounting portion 47 adapted for connection to the building frame, a spacing portion 48 extending outwardly from the mounting portion by a predetermined distance corresponding to the intended thickness of the wall cavity, and a positioning portion 49 adapted for connection to at least one of the outer wall cladding panels 2.
  • the termination member is adapted to support and position the associated cladding panels at the predetermined distance away from the frame, and to define a peripheral edge 50 of the exterior wall surface 7.
  • the termination member further includes a drainage portion 51 adapted to permit drainage of liquid from the cavity and air to vent the cavity.
  • the termination member takes the form of a starter strip, as best shown in Figures 7, 8 and 9.
  • the mounting portion 47 comprises a mounting plate 52
  • the drainage portion 51 comprises a drainage surface 53 extending outwardly from the mounting plate.
  • the drainage surface 53 also forms the spacing portion 48 in this embodiment.
  • the positioning portion 49 comprises an inner positioning surface 54 extending in one direction from the drainage surface parallel to the mounting plate, a support surface 55 extending outwardly from the inner positioning surface, and an outer positioning surface 56 extending from the support surface parallel to the mounting plate.
  • the inner positioning surface, support surface and outer positioning surface together form a substantially U-shaped channel 57 adapted to receive and locate the outer peripheral edge 50 of an associated cladding panel 2.
  • the starter strip is normally located at the bottom peripheral edge 58 of the external wall surface 7.
  • the drainage surface 53 is configured to drain away from the mounting plate 52 towards the support surface 55.
  • the drainage surface preferably also includes perforations 59 for drainage or ventilation of the internal wall cavity 8.
  • the support surface 55 includes a drainage groove 60 to permit drainage of liquid from the interior surface of the cladding panels 2 and away from the cavity 8.
  • the outer positioning surface 56 is located on an outer positioning flange 61 having perforations 62 for keying with an over-coating render.
  • the starter strip also includes an alignment flange 63 extending generally outwardly from the outer positioning flange 61 for supporting and aligning an applied exterior wall surface coating.
  • the starter strip further includes a perforated flange 64 extending away from the U-shaped channel 57 generally orthogonally from the support surface for providing ventilation or drainage along a peripheral edge 50 of the exterior wall surface.
  • the top of the wall or wall section 65 can be terminated by a top strip, an alternative form of the termination member, as best shown in Figures 10 and 11.
  • the top strip extends the full length of the wall termination.
  • the mounting portion 47 comprises a mounting plate 66, and the drainage portion 51 comprises a ventilation surface 67 extending outwardly from the mounting plate.
  • the ventilation surface 67 also forms the spacing portion 48 in this embodiment and includes perforations 68 to vent the wall cavity 8.
  • the positioning portion 49 comprises an inner positioning surface 69 extending in one direction from the ventilation surface parallel to the mounting plate, a support surface 70 extending outwardly from the inner positioning surface, and an outer positioning surface 71 extending from the support surface parallel to the mounting plate.
  • the inner positioning surface, support surface and outer positioning surface together form a substantially U-shaped channel 72 adapted to receive and locate the outer peripheral edge 50 of an associated cladding panel 2.
  • the outer positioning surface 71 is located on an outer positioning flange 73 having perforations 74 for keying with an over-coating render.
  • the top strip also includes an alignment flange 75 extending generally outwardly from the outer positioning flange 73 for supporting and aligning an applied exterior wall surface coating.
  • the top strip further includes a perforated flange 76 extending upwardly away from the U-shaped channel 72 generally orthogonally from the support surface. The perforated flange 76 extends sufficiently upwardly to provide for trim cover mouldings 77 and also provides for a perforated area for ventilation to the termination.
  • the upper periphery of the termination as shown in Figure 11, provides a practical and aesthetically acceptable finish.
  • the termination member can also be located at other peripheral edges of the external wall surface and at horizontal junctions such as window openings, door openings, mid-storey junctions, flashings and control joints.
  • the termination member is well suited for setting out an external wall surface, supporting cladding panels, forming a wall cavity, permitting drainage from a wall cavity, providing ventilation to a wall cavity, and providing a screed and levelling guide for applying outer finishing layers to the external wall surface.
  • the mounting elements also include off-stud joiners 6. As shown in Figure 2, one preferred embodiment of this element takes the form of an H-sectioned joiner.
  • the joiner receives and aligns the longitudinal edges of adjacent cladding panels in substantially contiguous relationship, and retains the adjoining panels in coplanar alignment even when the joins do not directly overlie the frame members.
  • the material strength, gauge, profile and spacing of the mounting elements are such that when the mounting elements are installed with strong durable fasteners they are well suited to withstand very high wind loads.
  • the cavity wall system also allows the fixing of bracing elements (not shown) to the frame 1 to resist shear or racking loads on the wall from wind, seismic or similar loads on a building.
  • bracing elements (not shown)
  • fibre cement bracing panels are fastened directly to the frame 1.
  • the mounting elements are provided in various sizes to allow for the space taken up by the bracing panels and to maintain the substantially flat exterior wall surface 7.
  • Fire rating performance can also be incorporated into the cavity wall system.
  • water-resistant fire-resistant gypsum boards (not shown) are installed onto the frame under the building membrane 3.
  • the cavity wall system provides a vented cavity that is well suited to reduce the tendency to generate cyclic wind pressures in the wall cavity 8. This also reduces the flapping of the building membrane 3 that results from these cyclic wind pressures.
  • a wall structure is initially constructed.
  • the wall structure is in the form of a building frame and the outer surface of the frame is covered with a flexible, substantially waterproof building membrane using conventional materials and techniques.
  • the membrane is ideally breathable or permeable to water vapour, to facilitate drying of the underlying frame or wall structure in the event of water or moisture ingress.
  • a series of starter strips are then installed along a lower edge of the frame, at a level corresponding to the lower edge of the wall.
  • a first run of fibre cement cladding panels is then positioned along the bottom edge of the frame, with the bottom edges of the cladding panels being located and captively retained by the respective starter strips.
  • each panel is vast positioned, the upper edge is engaged with a first series of mounting members, which are successively fastened to the respective underlying framing members.
  • the bottom edge of each cladding panel in the first run is secured by one or more of the starter strips, and the top edge is secured by one or more of the first row of mounting members.
  • the panels are joined to each other where necessary with respective off-stud joiners.
  • a second run of cladding panels is installed in a similar manner, with the bottom edge of each panel in the second row being located by the respective positioning surfaces on the first row of mounting members, and the upper edge of each panel in the second row being located by the respective positioning surfaces of a second row of mounting members.
  • the external cladding surface forms a substrate, to which is preferably added a base layer of render, a layer of reinforcing mesh over the base layer, an outer layer of render over the reinforcing mesh, and a top coat of paint or textured finish, to provide the desired aesthetic such as that reminiscent of monolithic masonry construction.
  • the render applied directly to the external cladding surface is forced into the small spaces between the edges of adjacent cladding panels and between the cladding panels and mounting elements. This conceals the edges and any exposed portions of the mounting elements to give a generally continuous and flat monolithic external finish. This also reduces the tendency for the cladding panels to deform, drum or rattle in response to wind, seismic or other loads on the wall.
  • cladding panels Concealing the cladding panels allows the panels to be of different sizes and shapes, so cladding panels can be cut to fit the particular dimensions and features of the underlying wall structure. This enhances design flexibility, reduces labour and material costs, and minimises wastage of off-cuts.
  • the construction technique of the present invention allows fast and efficient drainage of water downwardly through the cavity and out through the apertures in the starter strips. At the same time, moist air is able to circulate freely in substantially any direction within the cavity around the mounting members, and out through the top or bottom apertures. These apertures also prevent the accumulation of pressure within the cavity, either as a result of thermal expansion or wind forces, which otherwise have the potential to force entrapped water through openings in the membrane and into the framing members.
  • the moisture control plane ensures that any liquid moisture within the wall cavity is prevented from migrating into the underlying wall structure.
  • This method of construction also allows for the installation of the mounting elements and the associated cladding panels in one pass.
  • the installation of the mounting elements and the associated cladding panels effectively occurs simultaneously.
  • This provides an advantage over prior art methods where mounting elements such as battens are fastened to the building frame in a first pass and the cladding panels installed in a subsequent second pass. This improvement can result in significant reductions in installation time and cost.
  • the use of discrete mounting elements can also result in significant material savings when compared with prior art mounting elements such as elongate timber battens or steel profiled sections.
  • the invention thus provides a cavity wall system, which is efficient and cost-effective to construct, allows great design flexibility, provides highly desirable aesthetics pronounced of more costly construction techniques, provides superior thermal insulation characteristics, provides substantially improved drainage and water management and is significantly more durable in adverse weather conditions relative to comparable known methods of building construction.
  • the invention represents a practical and commercially significant improvement over the prior art.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Casings For Electric Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

L’invention concerne un système de mur creux et un procédé de fabrication d’un mur creux comportant : une structure de mur (1) ; une pluralité de panneaux de vêture extérieurs (2) ; et une pluralité d’éléments de montage discrets (4, 5, 6) pour monter les panneaux de vêture à une distance prédéterminée de la structure de mur (1) de façon à former une surface de mur extérieure sensiblement plate (7) et une cavité de mur interne sensiblement continue (8) entre les panneaux de vêture (2) et la structure de mur (1), les éléments de montage (4, 5, 6) étant dimensionnés et agencés de manière à permettre à un fluide de s’écouler de façon sensiblement continue à travers la cavité (8). Le système comporte en outre un moyen de régulation de l’humidité définissant un plan de régulation de l’humidité afin de minimiser la migration d’humidité liquide de la cavité (8) dans la structure de mur (1). L’invention concerne également une pièce de montage (4) et une pièce de terminaison (5) destinées à être utilisées comme éléments de montage dans le système de mur creux et dans son procédé de fabrication.
EP05793944A 2004-10-14 2005-10-14 Systeme de mur creux Withdrawn EP1809826A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2004905965A AU2004905965A0 (en) 2004-10-14 CMX cavity system
PCT/AU2005/001600 WO2006039762A1 (fr) 2004-10-14 2005-10-14 Systeme de mur creux

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1809826A1 true EP1809826A1 (fr) 2007-07-25

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05793944A Withdrawn EP1809826A1 (fr) 2004-10-14 2005-10-14 Systeme de mur creux

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US (1) US20080104918A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1809826A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2584203A1 (fr)
MX (1) MX2007004604A (fr)
NZ (1) NZ543030A (fr)
WO (1) WO2006039762A1 (fr)

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WO2006039762A1 (fr) 2006-04-20
US20080104918A1 (en) 2008-05-08
CA2584203A1 (fr) 2006-04-20
MX2007004604A (es) 2007-06-26
NZ543030A (en) 2006-04-28

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