EP2860319A1 - Composé d'isolation thermique et zone composite d'isolation thermique ainsi que structure murale comprenant le composé d'isolation thermique ou la zone composite d'isolation thermique et procédé de fabrication de structures murales - Google Patents

Composé d'isolation thermique et zone composite d'isolation thermique ainsi que structure murale comprenant le composé d'isolation thermique ou la zone composite d'isolation thermique et procédé de fabrication de structures murales Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2860319A1
EP2860319A1 EP13004887.9A EP13004887A EP2860319A1 EP 2860319 A1 EP2860319 A1 EP 2860319A1 EP 13004887 A EP13004887 A EP 13004887A EP 2860319 A1 EP2860319 A1 EP 2860319A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
thermal insulation
capillary
coating
insulation composite
conductive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP13004887.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Lohmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DAW SE
Original Assignee
DAW SE
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Publication date
Application filed by DAW SE filed Critical DAW SE
Priority to EP13004887.9A priority Critical patent/EP2860319A1/fr
Priority to US14/508,532 priority patent/US20150101276A1/en
Publication of EP2860319A1 publication Critical patent/EP2860319A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/24—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products laminated and composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/12, E04C2/16, E04C2/20
    • E04C2/243—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products laminated and composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/12, E04C2/16, E04C2/20 one at least of the material being insulating
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/7675—Insulating linings for the interior face of exterior walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/44—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose
    • E04C2/46—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose specially adapted for making walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/762—Exterior insulation of exterior walls
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249924—Noninterengaged fiber-containing paper-free web or sheet which is not of specified porosity
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
    • Y10T428/249986—Void-containing component contains also a solid fiber or solid particle

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a thermal insulation composite, in particular a plate-shaped thermal insulation composite. Furthermore, the invention relates to a thermal insulation composite area, in particular thermal insulation panel area comprising thermal insulation composite or thermal insulation panels. The invention also relates to a wall structure, comprising at least one thermal insulation composite or a composite thermal insulation compound. Finally, the invention relates to a method for the production of wall structures.
  • Vapor-proof interior linings have the disadvantage that they can be easily damaged even with small repairs or installations and their task no longer meet.
  • the moisture balance of a building exterior wall, in particular rain storm wall can be significantly affected by an internal insulation to the detriment. Because a building facade absorbs water in the course of a year, which causes no damage as long as the damp masonry in the summer can dry inside. After attaching a vapor-tight inner insulation this is no longer possible. Moisture accumulates behind the insulation material and the masonry becomes continuously wet. This increases the risk of mildew and the risk of frost damage. Structural damage can no longer be ruled out.
  • Capillary-active internal insulation does not use a vapor barrier.
  • the above-described disadvantages occur in such internal insulation regularly not or only attenuated, depending on the quality of the inner insulation.
  • homogeneous open-pore mineral plates are used for capillary-active internal insulation. These include calcium silicate boards such as the commercially available product Calsitherm, mineral insulating materials which contain perlite filler, for example the product Tectem, and the aerated concrete Multipor. In this context, also on the DE 197 23 426 C1 and the DE 10 2010 005 361 A1 directed.
  • the essential common feature of these insulation boards is that the homogeneous material must simultaneously fulfill the two functions of thermal insulation and capillary conductivity, thus it is inevitably only a compromise dar.
  • These plates generally have a density of about 120 to 300 kg / m 3 at a Thermal conductivity (dry) from approx. 0.045 to 0.065 W / mK.
  • capillary-active interior insulation slabs of blown cork as in the DE 10 2007 025303 A1 described, used, which have been filled through the entire plate cavities under vacuum with modified clay. While the first material is responsible for the thermal insulation (cork), the other material (clay) is used for capillary conductivity.
  • the bulk density of the filled cork plate is 120 to 150 kg / m 3 with a thermal conductivity (dry) between 0.04 to 0.06 W / mK. Desired are regularly better thermal insulation.
  • EP 2 447 431 A2 serves a plate of expanded polystyrene whose individual prefoamed balls are still largely round and have adopted little of the usual polyhedra in polystyrene plates, as responsible for the thermal insulation component.
  • This plate is traversed by continuous and partially connected cavities, which, similar to in DE 10 2007 025 303 A1 were filled under vacuum with a lime / cement-based composition as a capillary-conductive material.
  • An essential feature of the above-described embodiment of insulation boards is that basically two individual anisotropic frameworks, one responsible for the thermal insulation and one for the capillary conductivity, are placed one inside the other. As a result, there is no preferred direction for either the heat or the capillary.
  • insulation boards such as EP 86 681 B1 can be seen, also have a checkerboard-like arranged Dämmplattenabête, which are connected via capillary-active cuboid webs.
  • Insulating boards with cuboidal capillary conductive webs are also found in the DE 10 2010 044 791 A1 and DE 10 2010 044 789 A1 disclosed.
  • the webs are made of calcium silicate, the insulation boards are vacuum insulation panels and aluminum-foamed rigid polyurethane foam.
  • An insulation board is provided with through holes, which are to be filled after attachment to the wall with Kapillarleitschreibem material. Insulating boards filled with capillary active material through holes are also in the DE 10 2007 040 938 A1 . EP 2 183 099 A1 . DE 10 2007 040 938 and DE 10 2011 050 830 A1 described.
  • both the visible side ie the side facing the interior of the capillary active insulation board after installation, as well as their condensation side, ie the installation after the installation regularly the inside of a building (outside) wall facing side each with a capillary conductive coating to provide a Liquid transport to accomplish.
  • Insulating materials as in the DE 197 23 426 C1 and DE 10 2010 005 361 A1 disclosed, are relatively heavy and have significantly poorer insulation properties in the dry state than the usual insulation for the outer insulation (such as EPS, PU or PF). Due to their high density and the required due to the only moderate thermal insulation higher plate thickness for a comparable energy savings and resource consumption in the above-mentioned insulation materials is high. In addition, these insulating materials are generally hardly mechanically loadable, which is reflected in the often small plate dimensions that must be applied in practice. It is not uncommon in the creation of a insulated inner wall to breakouts and breaks, especially on plate corners, which are then often filled with mortar, but which has no heat-insulating properties, thus representing a thermal bridge. Due to the manufacturing process, cracks and bubbles can not be ruled out over a large area. In these areas, the capillary is interrupted.
  • Insulating materials as in the WO 92/10624 generally do not use small amounts of capillary conductive material. This gives away valuable space for the heat-insulating component. Also, the production of these insulation materials is often not trivial. In addition, the mechanical complexity is high. Due to the required vacuum, the systems can fill only small sized blocks with the capillary active material.
  • the present invention was therefore based on the object to provide insulation materials that overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and in particular allow a building interior insulation, which is structurally easy to implement and at the same time minimizes the risk of thermal bridges or completely excludes, and although without relying on a vapor barrier. It is a further object of the present invention to provide internal insulation which is inexpensive and which minimizes or eliminates the problem of condensation and / or the problem of mold growth. Furthermore, the invention was based on the object to provide insulating materials or insulating materials available, which are characterized by a good bending strength.
  • the invention was based on the object to make insulating materials or plates available that do not form marks.
  • the object of the invention was also to allow site-specific, quickly laid large slab dimensions and to provide site-specific stability available.
  • the object of the invention was also to provide an easily grindable surface to allow the removal of bumps after sticking the insulation boards on the inside of the outer wall comfortably.
  • the present invention has the object to provide insulating materials for the interior insulation available that do not tend to form moisture stains on the visible side and / or to so-called salt efflorescence.
  • a thermal insulation composite in particular plate-shaped thermal insulation composite, with a first side, in particular wet or condensation side, and an opposite second side, in particular drying or interior side, comprising at least one Dämmmaterialiser and at least one capillary-conductive segment containing kapillarleitfoundes material, wherein the capillary conductive segment extends continuously from the first side to the second side, wherein the second side at least in the region of extending from the first side to the second side at least one kapillarleitstoryen segment sections or completely, in particular completely , is provided with at least one first diffusion-active coating of or containing a first hydrophobic or hydrophobic coating material and wherein the at least one capillary-conductive segment and the first diffusion-active coating in contact with each other.
  • thermal insulation composites or insulation panels according to the invention and liquid which passes first by capillary via the kapillarleitchangeen segments or capillary conductive adhesive layers through the at least one insulating material from the first to the opposite second side, then on the subsequent first diffusion-active coating by diffusion forwarded towards the interior.
  • a thermal insulation composite in the context of the present invention should already be a thermal insulation panel, for example made of foamed plastic material, such as EPS, which is traversed or provided with at least one kapillarleitporten segment from the first page to the opposite second side. Accordingly, the term composite is intended to express that, in addition to at least one insulation material unit, at least one capillary-conductive segment containing capillary-conductive material has to be present.
  • foamed plastic material such as EPS
  • a diffusion-active coating is to be understood as meaning a coating in which the moisture transport is completely or essentially completely by means of diffusion, but not by means of capillary conduction. Consequently, in the diffusion-active coatings of the present invention, the moisture transport by means of capillary conduction does not play any or at most an insignificant, subordinate role. Accordingly, the first (and / or second and / or third) diffusion-active coating is not or substantially non-capillary conductive.
  • the terms capillary-conductive and capillary-active are always used synonymously here.
  • the thermal insulation composite according to the invention comprises at least two, in particular cuboidal or cube-shaped, Dämmmaterialiseren each having a length, height and width extension and with an edge profile or surface at least in sections along the length and width dimension, said adjacent Dämmmaterialiseren along the abutting or mutually facing edge courses with at least one, in particular by means of brushing, rolling, knife coating, casting and / or spraying applied binder-containing adhesive composition to form the at least one kapillarleitfileen segment in the form of an adhesive layer, partially or completely, in particular completely, are glued together, wherein the adhesive layer formed from this adhesive composition in the cured state capillary is conductive and at least partially from the ers ten side extends to the second side and wherein preferably at least two adjacent adhesive layers, in particular all adhesive layers, at least partially extend substantially parallel to each other.
  • the capillary-active adhesive layers may preferably have a thickness of, for example, 0.2 mm to 3 mm and particularly preferably 0.3 mm to 1.2 mm.
  • thermal insulation panels take the adhesive layers in the sum in a particularly preferred embodiment, only about 0.1 to 5%, preferably 0.5 to 3% and particularly preferably 1.0 to 1.5%, the total area of the respective side surface. In this way it can be ensured that the original insulating material, ie the foam product and / or the pulp, only a few milliwatts per meter and Kelvin of insulation performance loses.
  • a further advantage of the thermal insulation composite according to the invention is also to be seen in the fact that it is possible in one embodiment that the volume of kapillarleitschreiber adhesive layer, based on the total volume of the thermal insulation composite is not more than 1 vol .-%. Even with these small volume fractions and even at volume fractions below 1%, the effect of the invention sets.
  • the thermal conductivity of the actual material is not or hardly appreciably affected by the adhesive layer. It is advantageous that the narrow capillary-active adhesive layers do not serve as thermal bridges and that, moreover, in the use phase, these adhesive layers do not appear on the surface, eg in the form of an obscuration, and even if only a very thin plaster is used.
  • At least one Dämmmaterialiser preferably at least two adjacent and particularly preferably all Dämmmaterialiseren of fiber materials and / or foam products, in particular foam products, are formed or comprise.
  • Suitable fibrous materials may be selected from the group consisting of mineral wool, plastic fibers, hydrophobically finished wood fibers, especially wood soft fibers, wood wool, cotton and cellulose fibers or components thereof or any mixtures thereof.
  • foam products are preferred. Suitable foam products may be selected from the group consisting of foam glass, expanded styrene polymers, especially expanded polystyrene, expanded polypropylene, elastomeric foam, polyisocyanurate foam, polyethylene foam, phenolic foam, rigid polyurethane foam, urea-formaldehyde resin foam, hydrophobicized silica, hydrophobized aerogels, extruded styrenic polymers, especially extruded polystyrene foam, expanded Cork or any mixtures thereof.
  • the heat insulation composite preferably have a cuboid, e.g. plate-shaped, or a cube-shaped basic shape.
  • thermal insulation composites are plate-shaped and accordingly constitute a thermal insulation board, in particular comprising a first and an opposite second side.
  • capillary-conductive materials for the capillary-conductive segment and adhesive-containing adhesive compositions for the adhesive layer which contain as binder, in particular exclusively, mineral binders.
  • Particularly good results also occur when the capillary-conductive material or the binder-containing adhesive composition contains no fillers.
  • the capillary-conductive action exhibited by the segment formed from the capillary-conductive material and / or the adhesive layer formed from the adhesive composition in the cured state is particularly pronounced.
  • Suitable mineral binders include or consist in particular of hydrate and / or hydraulic binders and are preferably selected from the group consisting of cement, lime, gypsum, high alumina cement, water glass or any mixtures thereof.
  • the adhesive layers of the invention or the capillary conductive materials of the segment are characterized in the cured state in that they are wettable with water, in particular a substantially complete wettability with water is present.
  • Particularly suitable cured capillary-active adhesive layers or capillary-conductive materials and / or the mineral binders used for this purpose preferably have a contact angle (also called contact angle or wetting angle) with water in the range of 0 ° to less than 90 °, more preferably of 0 ° or nearly 0 °.
  • these materials have capillary activity, as known, for example, from the calcium silicate plates known in the art.
  • Suitable materials which may also be added to the adhesive composition (s) of the segment include, for example, activated alumina, clay minerals such as bentonites and atapulgites, zeolites, superabsorbents, rheology aids or any mixtures of these components.
  • the binder-containing adhesive composition and / or the capillary-conductive materials of the segment hygroscopic salts are added in order to increase the capillary-conducting effect.
  • equalization of the water transportability is also achieved by combining two or more different capillary-conductive materials as part of the adhesive composition or of the materials for the capillary-conductive segment.
  • such an embodiment is of particular advantage, in which the capillary-active material with the coarser pores to the outer wall and the capillary-active material with the finer pores to the interior are present within the adhesive layer of the thermal insulation composite according to the invention.
  • the two embodiments outlined above can also be combined.
  • a suitable useable capillary-conductive binder-containing adhesive material or capillary-conductive material for the capillary-conductive segment preferably has a bulk density in the range of 0.1 to 2.0 kg / l, and particularly preferably 0.5 to 1.5 kg / l.
  • the binder-containing adhesive composition or capillary-conductive material for the capillary-conductive segment advantageously contains the, preferably hydraulic and / or hydric, binders and water in a ratio such that the dry densities described above are achieved.
  • the binder-containing adhesive composition or the capillary-conductive material for the capillary-conductive segment contains at least one fiber material, in particular plastic fibers, natural fibers, mineral fibers, e.g. Basalt ceramic and / or glass fibers, or any mixtures thereof.
  • fibers additionally or alternatively also hollow fibers and / or nanotubes come into consideration. The latter have the advantage that they can also participate in capillary transport.
  • fiber mats or fabrics integrated into the adhesive layer incorporated or placed.
  • the application of adhesive compositions can, for example, also take place successively.
  • the fibers are e.g. a length in the range of 2 to 40 mm, in particular in the range of 4 to 20 mm, and particularly preferably in the range of 8 to 15 mm. It is particularly preferred that the average length of the fibers is at most 16 mm, in particular at a maximum of 12 mm and particularly preferably at a maximum of 8 mm. Accordingly, in one embodiment it can be provided that the capillary-conductive material of the capillary-conductive segment and / or the binder-containing adhesive composition comprises at least one fiber material, in particular plastic fibers, natural fibers, mineral fiber, e.g.
  • Basalt, ceramic and / or glass fibers preferably having an average length of the fibers of not more than 16 mm, in particular not more than 12 mm and more preferably not more than 8 mm.
  • the fiber material can be used to reinforce, elastify and / or reduce the shrinkage of the adhesive layers or of the capillary-conductive segments. Additionally or alternatively, fibers can also be sprinkled or inflated onto the freshly applied adhesive layer.
  • the thermal insulation composite comprises the kapillarleitpointe material for the capillary conductive segments or the adhesive layer, ie the adhesive composition at least one mineral component, for example silicates such as aluminum silicates, for example phyllosilicates, fibers, for example glass fibers, preferably in an average length of 12 or less mm or a maximum of 8 mm, plaster and cement.
  • silicates such as aluminum silicates, for example phyllosilicates
  • fibers for example glass fibers, preferably in an average length of 12 or less mm or a maximum of 8 mm, plaster and cement.
  • cement is preferably used as the main component.
  • thermal insulation composites are particularly suitable in which the adhesive layer in the cured state has a maximum thickness of 2.0 mm, in particular 1.5 mm and particularly preferably 1.0 mm.
  • the binder-containing adhesive composition provides a capillary-conductive (adhesive) layer and, on the other hand, it ensures the bonding of the insulation material units to one another.
  • the average width of the Dämmmaterialiseren and / or the edge profiles in the range of 10 mm to 200 mm, in particular range from 20 mm to 160 mm and preferably range from 40 mm to 140 mm.
  • Such embodiments of the thermal insulation composite according to the invention solve the problems underlying the invention in a particularly satisfactory manner, in which the first side at least in the region of extending from the first side to the second side at least one kapillarleitconnecten segment, in particular in the region of the first Side to the second side extending at least one adhesive layer, in sections or completely, in particular completely, with at least a first capillary conductive coating of or containing at least a first capillary conductive coating material or sections or completely, in particular completely, with at least one second diffusion-active coating of a second or containing at least one second hydrophobic or hydrophobized coating material and wherein the at least one capillary-conductive segment, in particular the at least one adhesive layer, and the first capillary-conductive coating or the second diffusion-active coating are in contact with each other.
  • the first side in particular in the region of the adhesive layer extending from the first side to the second side, is provided, at least in sections, in particular completely, with at least one capillary-active first coating material to form a first capillary-active coating, which is at least partially capillary-actively connected with at least one adhesive layer or at least one capillary-active segment.
  • such a design variant of a thermal insulation composite according to the invention is advantageous in which the first side is substantially over the entire area provided with the first capillary conductive coating material to form the first capillary conductive coating and / or the second side substantially over the entire surface with the first hydrophobic or hydrophobic coating material is provided under formation of the first diffusion-active coating.
  • first and the second hydrophobic or hydrophobic coating material are substantially identical, in particular with regard to composition and / or thickness of the application of these coating materials, and / or that the first capillary-conductive coating material, the binder-containing adhesive composition or the capillary conductive material of the capillary conductive segment comprises or is formed therefrom and / or that the capillary conductive material of the capillary conductive segment and the binder-containing adhesive composition substantially coincide.
  • the first and / or second capillary-conductive coating is only a few tenths of a millimeter thick.
  • the supply and discharge of possibly accumulating water to the capillary-active adhesive strip can be significantly improved.
  • the first capillary-conductive coating has a smaller thickness at a distance from the adhesive layer than in the region, in particular in the direction of the extension, of the adhesive layer.
  • a particularly expedient thermal insulation composite according to the invention is also characterized in that at least two adjacent adhesive layers, in particular all adhesive layers, extend at least in sections substantially parallel to one another.
  • the adhesive layers can be aligned in an advantageous manner so that they extend substantially horizontally after attachment to the building wall.
  • An advantage of this substantially horizontal arrangement of, in particular adjacent, adhesive layers is that, e.g. to a selective moisture attack behind the insulation board, the liquid flows down because of gravity and in this case meets a capillary conductive adhesive layer. Moisture can not spread nationwide in this arrangement.
  • the adhesive layers can also be made with non-uniform thickness.
  • heat insulation composites according to the invention are also advantageous, in particular also with regard to an increased capillary activity, in which the thickness of the adhesive layer is directed from the first side to the second side, ie. toward the interior side, in particular continuously, increases.
  • the thermal insulation composite according to the invention preferably represents a thermal insulation panel, in particular an internal thermal insulation panel, preferably with a polygonal basic shape, in particular selected from square, rectangular, triangular basic shapes.
  • the at least one adhesive layer, in particular all adhesive layers, of the thermal insulation composite according to the invention extend along the, in particular entire, longitudinal extent thereof.
  • the inventive thermal insulation composite also has at least one adhesion promoter layer applied to the first diffusion-active coating.
  • the inventive thermal insulation composite also has at least one diffusion-active plaster coating, in particular top coat, preferably silicate-based, on the adhesion promoter layer or on the first diffusion-active coating.
  • the inventive thermal insulation composite also has at least one diffusion-active color coating, in particular comprising a silicate or silicate dispersion paint.
  • the thermal insulation composite according to the invention further comprises at least one reinforcing fabric present on or in the first diffusion-active coating, preferably partially or completely embedded in this coating, in particular based on glass fibers.
  • the inventive thermal insulation composite also has at least one third diffusion-active coating or at least one second capillary-conductive coating, in particular in the form of an adhesive layer, on the at least one first capillary-conductive coating on or on the first side first capillary conductive coating material.
  • the first capillary conductive coating material or the first capillary conductive coating order which is provided for the first kapillarleitpointe coating the first side, ie the damp or condensation side of the thermal insulation composite, but may not with the second capillary conductive coating material or the second capillary conductive coating order for the second capillary conductive coating match.
  • First as well as second coating material or coating application can also be formed from or comprise a plurality of different, each capillary-active components. It is also possible, the first and / or second kapillarleitmme Coating material or perform the first and / or second capillary conductive coating order two or more layers, wherein the respective layers are formed from different capillary active materials or these include.
  • first and second capillary conductive coating material e.g. resort to plaster containing mineral binders such as cement, gypsum or high-alumina cement.
  • the curing of the capillary conductive material for the capillary conductive segment and / or the first and / or second capillary conductive coating material is, or preferably, after a time of, preferably, a maximum of three days at 20 ° C and a relative humidity of 90% above, so far progressed on a regular basis that the capillary-conductive properties have already set and that preferably the mechanical strength is sufficient for further processing. In general, such curing has often occurred after 24 hours.
  • first, second, and / or third diffusion-active coating may be substantially coincident in their compositions.
  • the hydrophobic or hydrophobic coating material of the first, second and / or third diffusion-active coating preferably comprises at least one hydrophobizing agent, in particular fatty alcohols and / or fatty acids and / or fatty acid esters and / or fatty acid salts or their derivatives or any mixtures thereof, in particular in an amount in the range of 0.05 wt .-% to 3.0 wt .-%, based on the dry mass of coating material.
  • Suitable hydrophobizing agents include, for example, stearates such as zinc stearate.
  • the hydrophobized coating material for the first, second and third diffusion-active coatings can also be achieved by using conventional plaster known to the person skilled in the art containing mineral binders such as cement, gypsum or high-alumina cement with the previously mentioned hydrophobizing agent, for example the salt or ester a fatty acid such as stearic acid.
  • mineral binders such as cement, gypsum or high-alumina cement
  • hydrophobizing agent for example the salt or ester a fatty acid such as stearic acid.
  • a dämmverbundareal, especially equipped with a plurality of inventive thermal insulation joints, in particular thermal insulation panels, each having a first and an opposite second side and an at least partially circulating, the first and the second side connecting edge profile or surface with a length and width extension, wherein adjacent thermal insulation composites, in particular thermal insulation panels, at least in sections along their edge courses or surfaces, in particular flush, are adjacent.
  • a wall structure comprising a building wall with an outer side and an opposite inner side, in particular building exterior wall, and inside at least one inventive thermal insulation composite or at least one inventive thermal insulation composite area, wherein the first side of the thermal insulation composite or the thermal insulation composite area of Is arranged facing inside.
  • the first side of the thermal insulation composite or the composite thermal insulation composite sections or completely, in particular completely, with the at least one first kapillarleitporten coating of or containing at least a first kapillarleitqes coating material or with the at least one second diffusion-active coating of a second or containing at least one second hydrophobic or hydrophobic coating material is provided.
  • This can also be connected to the inside of the building wall of the wall structure according to the invention, for example as an adhesive or adhesive layer.
  • wall structures according to the invention which further comprise sections or completely, in particular completely, at least a third diffusion-active coating of a third or containing at least a third hydrophobic or hydrophobic coating material, the building wall, in particular the inside, with the at least one first capillary conductive coating from one or at least connects a first capillary conductive coating material.
  • This third diffusion-active coating material acts in this case as an adhesive for the thermal bond, with which it is attached to the building wall.
  • the thermal insulation panels or composites of the wall structure represent a foam product, in particular containing or formed of foam glass, expanded styrene polymers, in particular expanded polystyrene, expanded polypropylene, elastomer foam, Polyisocyanuratschaum, polyethylene foam, phenolic resin foam, polyurethane foam, urea-formaldehyde resin foam, hydrophobicized silica, hydrophobicized aerogels, extruded styrenic polymers, in particular extruded polystyrene foam, expanded cork or any mixtures thereof. Particular preference is given to using extruded styrene polymers, in particular extruded polystyrene foam.
  • thermal insulation composites or thermal insulation panels according to the invention and the thermal insulation composite areas according to the invention are suitably used for the thermal insulation of buildings, in particular on the inside of the outer walls of buildings.
  • the thermal insulation composite precursor product in particular the plate-shaped thermal insulation composite precursor product, minde least two, in particular cuboid or cube-shaped Dämmmaterialiseren each with a length, height and width extension and with an edge profile or surface at least partially along the length and width extent includes, wherein adjacent Dämmmaterialiseren along the abutting or mutually facing edge courses with at least one, in particular by means of brushing, rolling, knife coating, casting and / or spraying applied binder-containing adhesive composition to form the at least one capillary conductive segment in Form of an adhesive layer partially or completely bonded together, wherein the adhesive layer formed from this adhesive composition capillary in the cured state is capable of extending at least in sections from the first side to the second side, and preferably wherein at least two adjacent adhesive layers, in particular all adhesive layers, extend at least in sections substantially parallel to one another.
  • the thermal insulation composite precursor product or the plate-shaped thermal insulation composite precursor product differ substantially from the thermal insulation composite according to the invention in that it does not yet have a first diffusion-active coating of a first hydrophobic or hydrophobized coating material.
  • the invention also encompasses the use of the thermal insulation composites according to the invention, in particular thermal insulation panels, the thermal insulation composite areas according to the invention, in particular the thermal insulation panel areas, for the thermal insulation of buildings, in particular of exterior walls, particularly preferably on the inside of these exterior walls.
  • a polystyrene particulate foam block is wrapped with strips of oscillating hot wires, e.g. with the dimensions (1000 mm) x (20 to 150 mm) x (insulation thickness) cut. Subsequently, these strips are glued together again with the capillary-active binder-containing adhesive composition.
  • the capillary-active adhesive layers may preferably have a thickness of e.g. 0.2 mm to 3 mm and more preferably from 0.3 mm to 1.2 mm. In this way you can, for example, again, at least approximately, the usual Baustellenparty conference an insulation board of 500 mm x 1000 mm x Dämmdicke receive.
  • the stripe width, i. the width of the edge profile is according to the invention preferably 20 mm to 150 mm and more preferably 50 mm to 100 mm.
  • the insulation board is coated on one side with a capillary conductive material, for example with the material of the binder-containing adhesive composition.
  • the adhesive layer can also be designed with non-uniform thickness. Rather, it is advantageous if their thickness increases toward the interior side.
  • a homogenization of the water transportability is in particular also by combining two or more different mineral binder or kapillarleitpointe materials as part of the adhesive composition together.
  • cement and gypsum may be present simultaneously, optionally supplemented by lime and / or high-alumina cement.
  • such an embodiment is of particular advantage, in which the capillary-active material or the cured adhesive layer with the coarser pores to the outer wall and the capillary active material or the cured adhesive layer with the finer pores to the interior inside at least one adhesive layer of the thermal insulation composite according to the invention.
  • the two embodiments outlined above can also be combined.
  • thermal insulation composites in particular thermal insulation panels, according to the invention, one can stabilize the profile of the adhesive layers by special shapes. In this way, the bending strength can be increased by a factor of 1.5 to 2, for example.
  • a process for the production of thermal insulation joints can take place as follows: An expanded polystyrene foam block with a volume of several cubic meters is separated in a hot-wire process.
  • the one-sided coating with the liquid binder-containing adhesive composition by knife coating, brushing, rolling, spraying, knife coating and / or spraying.
  • the adhesive composition contains fibers. Additionally or alternatively, fibers can also be sprinkled or inflated onto the freshly applied adhesive layer. In this procedure, it is advantageous that there are no procedural restrictions with respect to fiber length and / or fiber quantity. As a result, unusually high fiber concentrations are possible. The longer the fibers are, the more the shrinkage which can occur during the curing of the adhesive composition can be suppressed.
  • the fibers can have coarse capillarity and thus round off the pore structure of the capillary-conductive adhesive layer to the top.
  • fibers are hollow fibers and / or nanotubes and / or natural fibers such as cellulose fibers or cotton, or optionally also wood particles, which may also participate in capillary transport. If different capillary-conductive materials are to be used, the order can be carried out, for example, successively.
  • the single-sided coated panels are then rejoined into a block.
  • the size of this block may differ from the original shape of the foamed block, allowing for low-bleed choice of various board dimensions.
  • a trimming cut e.g. by hot wire or band saw, follow. This is followed by the cutting of the desired plate thicknesses and optionally a final trimming and singulation of the plates. Depending on the model, these can then be coated on one or both sides or packaged without coating.
  • the first side coating material i. the condensed water side, or binder-containing adhesive composition for the adhesive layers is preferably chosen such that it can be applied without heat or drying to e.g. hardened a Hordewagen. This allows the coated plates to be packed immediately.
  • a hydrophobized coating composition is applied to form the diffusion-active coating on the second side of the thermal insulation units.
  • this coating which regularly forms the so-called flush, a reinforcing fabric is preferably incorporated.
  • adjacent fabric webs are preferably embedded overlapping in said flush.
  • a so-called top coat can be applied.
  • preference is likewise given to using a diffusion-active coating material.
  • an additional color can be applied. This can also be applied directly to the aforementioned flush.
  • the heat energy stored in the insulation material units can be utilized in order to evaporate the water passing through the adhesive layer on the side facing the interior of a building. That is, the water emerging from the thermal insulation units is transported by diffusion through the hydrophobic layer in the interior.
  • thermal insulation composite according to the invention is that on the side on which the first diffusion-active coating is present (second side or visible side), it is also on the introduction of larger amounts of liquid or moisture over the Building exterior wall in the described capillary active insulation board regularly not or far less pronounced (as for example in a kapillarleitschreib equipped insulation board, which is provided on both sides on their opposite surfaces with capillary conductive coatings) to form moisture stains or the capillary conductive adhesive layers or segments by The insulating material pass through, not or far less pronounced on the visible side. Also, it comes at these points not or far less pronounced to so-called salt efflorescence.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a wall structure according to the invention 1 with a building exterior wall 2, which has on its inside 4 an inventive composite heat 6.
  • the thermal insulation composite area 6 is formed from a plurality of flush with each other over their edge surfaces (in their length and width) mounted thermal insulation composites 8 in the form of thermal insulation boards which are glued to the inside of the building exterior wall 2 with an adhesive 9 in the form of a full-surface applied capillary conductive coating ,
  • the thermal insulation composites 8 are in this case each made of a plurality of substantially cuboid Dämmmaterialtechniken 10, which are connected to one another via adjacent, in the present case in each case parallel running capillary active cured adhesive layers 12.
  • the thermal insulation composite area 6 is as in FIG.
  • first diffusion-active coating 11 of the first hydrophobic or hydrophobic coating material plaster layer over the entire surface.
  • adjacent thermal insulation composites 8 may also be glued over their horizontal edge surfaces with the binder-containing adhesive composition.
  • a reinforcing fabric 14 is embedded in the diffusion-active, Vietnamesekapillarleitfähge coating 11, a reinforcing fabric 14 is embedded.
  • the insulation material units 10 can additionally be fastened to the building wall 2 via dowels 22.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
EP13004887.9A 2013-10-11 2013-10-11 Composé d'isolation thermique et zone composite d'isolation thermique ainsi que structure murale comprenant le composé d'isolation thermique ou la zone composite d'isolation thermique et procédé de fabrication de structures murales Withdrawn EP2860319A1 (fr)

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EP13004887.9A EP2860319A1 (fr) 2013-10-11 2013-10-11 Composé d'isolation thermique et zone composite d'isolation thermique ainsi que structure murale comprenant le composé d'isolation thermique ou la zone composite d'isolation thermique et procédé de fabrication de structures murales
US14/508,532 US20150101276A1 (en) 2013-10-11 2014-10-07 Exterior insulation and thermal insulation composite area, as well as wall structure, comprising the composite thermal insulation or thermal insulation composite and complex process for the production of wall structures

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EP13004887.9A EP2860319A1 (fr) 2013-10-11 2013-10-11 Composé d'isolation thermique et zone composite d'isolation thermique ainsi que structure murale comprenant le composé d'isolation thermique ou la zone composite d'isolation thermique et procédé de fabrication de structures murales

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CN112479738A (zh) * 2020-12-15 2021-03-12 安徽艾米伦特建材科技有限公司 一种多级孔无机复合聚苯不燃保温材料及其制备方法
EP4324998A3 (fr) * 2022-08-18 2024-02-28 Remmers GmbH Procédé de fabrication d'une structure de paroi dotée d'une isolation côté intérieur

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EP4324998A3 (fr) * 2022-08-18 2024-02-28 Remmers GmbH Procédé de fabrication d'une structure de paroi dotée d'une isolation côté intérieur

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