EP1800055A1 - Dispositif bruleur pourvu d'un corps poreux - Google Patents

Dispositif bruleur pourvu d'un corps poreux

Info

Publication number
EP1800055A1
EP1800055A1 EP05803935A EP05803935A EP1800055A1 EP 1800055 A1 EP1800055 A1 EP 1800055A1 EP 05803935 A EP05803935 A EP 05803935A EP 05803935 A EP05803935 A EP 05803935A EP 1800055 A1 EP1800055 A1 EP 1800055A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion
fuel
burner device
gas
combustion chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05803935A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stefan Käding
Jeremy Lawrence
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Webasto SE
Original Assignee
Webasto SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=35852686&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP1800055(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Webasto SE filed Critical Webasto SE
Publication of EP1800055A1 publication Critical patent/EP1800055A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C99/00—Subject-matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
    • H01M8/04022—Heating by combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C99/00—Subject-matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F23C99/006—Flameless combustion stabilised within a bed of porous heat-resistant material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
    • F23G7/061—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating
    • F23G7/065—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2204/00—Burners adapted for simultaneous or alternative combustion having more than one fuel supply
    • F23D2204/10—Burners adapted for simultaneous or alternative combustion having more than one fuel supply gaseous and liquid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2202/00—Combustion
    • F23G2202/50—Combustion in a matrix bed combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2237/00—Controlling
    • F23N2237/24—Controlling height of burner
    • F23N2237/30—Controlling height of burner matrix burners
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a burner device having a combustion chamber filled at least partially by a porous body, with a vaporization zone upstream of the combustion chamber for evaporating liquid fuel supplied via a fuel feed, with an ignition device for igniting a combustion mixture Steamed liquid fuel and combustion air supplied via an air supply line of the evaporation zone and with ei ⁇ ner the exhaust gas downstream of the combustion chamber.
  • Such a burner device which is also referred to as Porenbren ⁇ ner, is known from DE 101 60 837 Al.
  • Typical of the pore burner is its pore body, that is to say a body of porous material which at least partially fills the combustion chamber.
  • Non-oxidic materials such as SiC, SiN or else high-melting oxides, such as, for example, Al 2 O 3 or ZrO 2 , are suitable as the porous material for such a porous body.
  • Porous bodies are frequently used to improve the exhaust quality of a burner device.
  • a pore body achieves stabilized, complete combustion, so that the burner can operate at lower temperatures, which in turn reduces the NO x concentration in the exhaust gas.
  • ranges of the pore body used as a flame arrestor, in order to prevent a flashback of the flame on supply lines or the evaporation zone. This is achieved by providing a very small pore size in the region of the pore body which faces the supply line or the evaporation zone, so that no flame can form there. Adjacent to this small-pore zone larger pores are provided in the pore body, which allow stable flame formation.
  • the above-mentioned goals of stabilized flame formation and non-return are achieved.
  • the small-pore zone of the pore body causes a considerable pressure loss. Especially at in ⁇ stationary operating points of the burner, it can therefore come back despite the presence of the non-return obstruction, which may result in increased exhaust emissions and possibly also a destruction of the burner or parts thereof.
  • pore burners for the combustion of gaseous fuels or fuel gases.
  • most pore burners are designed as gas burners.
  • An example of such a gas pore burner is disclosed in DE 199 60 093 A1.
  • This gas pore burner contains a pot-like pore body, the interior of the pot serving as a mixing zone, into which combustible gas is introduced via a fuel gas feed line and mixed with combustion air, which is likewise introduced into the interior of the pot.
  • the outside of the pot interior also serves as a reaction, that is, combustion zone whose thickness is determined by the amount and pressure of introduced gases can be controlled. Stabilization of the flame formed in the reaction zone takes place in the pore body.
  • Such a device is very sensitive to kickback, so that the fuel gas supply line must have corresponding protective devices.
  • the burner device is based on the state of the art according to the invention in that a mixing zone is arranged between the evaporation zone and the combustion chamber, in which fuel gas supplied via a fuel gas feed line to the mixing zone can be mixed with the combustion air and / or the combustion mixture.
  • a mixing zone is arranged between the evaporation zone and the combustion chamber, in which fuel gas supplied via a fuel gas feed line to the mixing zone can be mixed with the combustion air and / or the combustion mixture.
  • This is based on the idea, in a first zone, namely the evaporation zone from the liquid fuel and the combustion tion air to produce a preferably combustible combustion mixture, which, as required, is further enriched in a subsequent mixing zone with fuel gas.
  • the thus enriched combustion mixture is then ignited and forms a defined and stabilized flame in the pore body.
  • combustion air in the context of this description is to be understood broadly and not only atmospheric air mixture, but any other type of oxygen-containing gas, which can form an ignitable
  • the evaporation zone is at least partially filled by a porous evaporator element.
  • a metallic nonwoven as a porous evaporator element is particularly advantageous.
  • ceramic nonwovens or porous solids for this purpose. Due to the large surface area of the porous evaporator element, the evaporation of the liquid fuel is promoted.
  • Another support can be the evaporation by preheating the evaporator element or its catalytic coating.
  • the evaporator zone is formed as a Zerustäubungshunt; however, due to the simpler technical implementation, the use of an evaporating element is preferred. In principle, however, it is also possible to supply the liquid fuel via a nozzle, ie without fleece.
  • the fuel gas supply line in the mixing zone is designed as a preferably closed-end tube with radial openings in its tube wall. Such a tube is surrounded by the combustion mixture flowing from the evaporation zone into the mixing zone, so that a particularly good mixing of the fuel gas and the combustion mixture to enrich it is achieved.
  • the fuel gas supply line in the mixing zone may also be formed as a porous ceramic body. Due to the larger surface area of such a ceramic body compared to a tube with a perforated tube wall, the mixing of fuel gas and combustion mixture can take place even better here.
  • the ignition device for igniting the optionally enriched combustion mixture is preferably located in the combustion chamber and particularly preferably projects into the pore body. In this way, it is ensured that only the (enriched) combustion mixture which has penetrated into the pore body is ignited in such a way that a flame is formed only in the pore body and a backlash is prevented even without a special flame arrestor.
  • the flame of the liquid fuel combustion can serve as a pilot flame for the fuel gas combustion.
  • fuel gases can be burned, not in a pure gas burner would be flammable.
  • the burner according to the invention is also usable, in pure operation, ie as a gas or liquid fuel burner.
  • a control device which controls the supply of fuel gas, liquid fuel and combustion air in coordination with each other.
  • Such a control device always makes it possible to achieve optimized combustion under different supply or quality conditions.
  • the tuning is regulated in an advantageous development of the invention. That is, it is provided to control the Ab ⁇ mood as a function of a detected by means of a sensor in the exhaust gas discharge and / or in the combustion chamber parameters.
  • a so-called ⁇ probe in the area of the exhaust gas duct and / or a temperature sensor in the same area or in the area of the combustion chamber can be used.
  • the combustion itself can be monitored and in the event of deviation of measured parameters from predefined setpoint values, the coordination of the individual combustion components can be changed to one another in order to arrive at an optimal combustion.
  • Such a result-oriented scheme is particularly favorable if it is assumed that available quantities and / or qualities of individual combustion components vary widely. This is the case, for example, if, as provided for in a particular preferred embodiment of the invention, the burner according to the invention is used as an afterburner of a fuel cell arrangement, wherein required anode gas is supplied to the fuel cell arrangement of the burner device as fuel gas.
  • fuel cells are devices for obtaining electrical energy, in which substantially hydrogen-containing anode gas and oxygen-containing cathode gas are catalytically reacted to form a fuel cell module for generating electrical energy in water.
  • Most such fuel cell assemblies consist of a plurality of interconnected fuel cell modules.
  • a problem of such fuel cell arrangements is the inadequate conversion of the hydrogen-containing anode gas. Therefore, (incompletely) spent anode gas is often post-combusted in an afterburner, whereby the resulting heat is dissipated and used via a heat exchanger.
  • the degree of catalytic conversion in the fuel cell depends on its actual operating point, the "quality" of the fuel gas supplied to the afterburner can fluctuate greatly. This leads to burner failure or at least to suboptimal combustion quality.
  • a burner device according to the invention as an afterburner of a fuel cell arrangement.
  • the combustion chamber is in thermal contact with a heat exchanger element.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of the fuel cell arrangement according to the invention with a burner device according to the invention in cross-sectional view.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a fuel cell arrangement having a fuel cell module 42, to which a burner device 10 according to the invention is associated as an afterburner.
  • a vaporization zone 12 which is preferably formed as a metallic evaporation element 14, in particular as a metallic non-woven, is fed via a fuel supply line 16 liquid fuel and combustion air via a combustion air supply line 18 zu ⁇ .
  • a fuel supply line 16 liquid fuel and combustion air via a combustion air supply line 18 zu ⁇ .
  • the evaporator element 14 which may be catalytically coated, evaporates the supplied liquid fuel and is ge mixed with the combustion air.
  • the resulting combustion mixture flows into a mixing zone 20.
  • the fuel gas feed line 22 preferably has the shape of a perforated tube or of a porous body, in particular of a porous ceramic body, in the mixing zone 20.
  • This end region of the fuel gas supply line 22 is referred to below as fuel gas distributor 24.
  • the fuel gas distributor 24 is flowed around by the combustion mixture from the evaporation zone, so that it comes to a uniform mixing of fuel gas and Verbrennungs ⁇ mixture, that is to an enrichment of the combustion mixture.
  • the (enriched) combustion mixture then flows further into the combustion chamber 26, which is completely filled by a porous body 28 in the embodiment shown.
  • a Zün ⁇ 30, which may be formed aus ⁇ example, as an electric glow plug.
  • the igniter 30 ignites the (enriched) combustion mixture which has penetrated into the pore body 28, which leads to the formation of a stabilized flame and to almost complete combustion of the combustion mixture.
  • a heat exchanger 32 is arranged, which has, for example, a loop-shaped tube with connections for a townfluidzulei- device 34 and a réellefluidabtechnisch 36.
  • Suitable thermal fluids are all fluids known for this purpose, such as water, glycol, thermal oils, etc.
  • gaseous substances for example air, can serve as a heat transfer medium.
  • an exhaust discharge 38 At the rear of the combustion chamber 26 is followed by an exhaust discharge 38, through which the exhaust gases of the combustion are discharged to the outside.
  • a ⁇ -probe 40 is provided in the region of the exhaust gas discharge, with the aid of which the combustion quality can be determined by measuring certain exhaust gas parameters.
  • the parameters determined by means of the ⁇ probe 40 can be fed into a control device 44, which varies the coordination of the combustion components liquid fuel, combustion air and fuel gas in order to optimize the combustion in the combustion chamber 26.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Spray-Type Burners (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Wick-Type Burners And Burners With Porous Materials (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif brûleur présentant une chambre de combustion (26) au moins partiellement remplie d'un corps poreux (28), une zone d'évaporation (12) placée en amont de la chambre de combustion (26) et permettant l'évaporation du fluide combustible amené par une conduite d'alimentation en combustible (16), un dispositif d'allumage (30) destiné à allumer un mélange de combustion, constitué de fluide combustible évaporé et d'air de combustion amené par une conduite d'alimentation en air de combustion (18) de la zone d'évaporation (12), ainsi qu'une conduite d'évacuation de gaz brûlés (38) placée en aval de la chambre de combustion (26). Cette invention se caractérise en ce qu'une zone de mélange (20) est placée entre la zone d'évaporation (14) et la chambre de combustion (26), zone de mélange dans laquelle le gaz de combustion amené par une conduite d'alimentation en gaz de combustion (22, 24) de la zone de mélange (20) peut être mélangé avec l'air de combustion et/ou le mélange de combustion. Ladite invention concerne également l'utilisation du dispositif brûleur comme postbrûleur dans un système de pile à combustible ainsi qu'un système de pile à combustible correspondant.
EP05803935A 2004-10-13 2005-10-11 Dispositif bruleur pourvu d'un corps poreux Withdrawn EP1800055A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004049903A DE102004049903B4 (de) 2004-10-13 2004-10-13 Brennervorrichtung mit einem Porenkörper
PCT/DE2005/001820 WO2006039909A1 (fr) 2004-10-13 2005-10-11 Dispositif bruleur pourvu d'un corps poreux

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1800055A1 true EP1800055A1 (fr) 2007-06-27

Family

ID=35852686

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05803935A Withdrawn EP1800055A1 (fr) 2004-10-13 2005-10-11 Dispositif bruleur pourvu d'un corps poreux

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US7758337B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1800055A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4552092B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR100850697B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN101040147B (fr)
AU (1) AU2005293958B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2584193C (fr)
DE (1) DE102004049903B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006039909A1 (fr)

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KR101797731B1 (ko) 2015-03-26 2017-11-15 한국에너지기술연구원 난분해성 유해가스 소각처리를 위한 에너지 절약형 연소장치 및 이의 운전방법
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CN105674259B (zh) * 2016-02-01 2017-11-07 大连理工大学 一种用于燃烧地沟油的泡沫陶瓷燃烧器
CN106524143B (zh) * 2016-11-10 2018-11-09 江苏大学 一种应用于微热光电系统的燃烧器
CN108800128B (zh) * 2017-05-02 2024-04-09 四川天法科技有限公司 有燃烧旋钮的燃烧器及基于燃烧旋钮的火焰连续控制方式
CN108443884B (zh) * 2018-05-15 2023-11-03 武汉科技大学 一种扩散式多孔介质燃烧器
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AU2005293958B2 (en) 2009-07-09
US7758337B2 (en) 2010-07-20
CA2584193A1 (fr) 2006-04-20
CN101040147B (zh) 2010-05-26
DE102004049903A1 (de) 2006-04-20
CN101040147A (zh) 2007-09-19
JP2008516185A (ja) 2008-05-15
DE102004049903B4 (de) 2008-04-17
JP4552092B2 (ja) 2010-09-29
KR20070061574A (ko) 2007-06-13
WO2006039909A1 (fr) 2006-04-20
US20080020336A1 (en) 2008-01-24
CA2584193C (fr) 2011-02-08
AU2005293958A1 (en) 2006-04-20
KR100850697B1 (ko) 2008-08-06

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