EP1799367A1 - Verfahren zur auslegung einer reinigungsanlage - Google Patents
Verfahren zur auslegung einer reinigungsanlageInfo
- Publication number
- EP1799367A1 EP1799367A1 EP05796800A EP05796800A EP1799367A1 EP 1799367 A1 EP1799367 A1 EP 1799367A1 EP 05796800 A EP05796800 A EP 05796800A EP 05796800 A EP05796800 A EP 05796800A EP 1799367 A1 EP1799367 A1 EP 1799367A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cleaning
- substance
- calculated
- kat
- cleaning process
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G3/00—Apparatus for cleaning or pickling metallic material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
- B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
- B08B3/10—Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration
- B08B3/14—Removing waste, e.g. labels, from cleaning liquid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B5/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use of air flow or gas flow
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for predicting the contamination of a cleaning agent by a substance.
- the cleaning agent is used in a cleaning system to clean objects from the substance and is thereby contaminated by the substance.
- Such cleaning systems are used for example in the production of motor vehicles to clean bodies before painting metallic particles or oil.
- the cleaning system comprises a filter system which reduces the amount of substance in the cleaning agent
- the cleaning system comprises four cascaded chambers, into which one cleaning workpiece is immersed successively. Each time a workpiece is submerged, contaminant matter is introduced into the respective chamber and contaminated cleaning agent is "dragged" with the workpiece from one chamber to a subsequent chamber. *** Contrary to the direction of transport of the workpiece, cleaning agent is conveyed from a chamber to a previous chamber.
- DE 20003158 U1 discloses a computer program product and a computer system in order to combine a filter device made from a plurality of components and / or elements.
- the computer program product and the computer system selectively assist a user in selecting and composing the components of the filter device.
- the user selects the application area as well as an embodiment of the filter device to be designed.
- the Aixs Operations- types include z. B. housing designs and type of Filtrati ⁇ onsmodule and the filtration rate, Filtrationsgeschwin ⁇ speed and the type of ventilation for a housing of the Filterein ⁇ direction.
- the user will be offered only those choices that are consistent with his previously made specifications.
- the constituents which come into consideration are stored together with their attributes in an electronic catalog.
- A-attributes include technical specifications, eg. B. Fufl ⁇ ßraten, filtration rates, filterable media, geometric Ein ⁇ restrictions, z. B. connection type or pipe diameter, and Zu ⁇ order of the component to a Marinfami1ie. It is automatically checked whether selected components are compatible with each other, whether z. B. the pipe diameter and types of connection of connected components match each other. Which components are adjacent to each other, z. For example, stored in a correspondence table.
- a method for simulating the flow of a medium in a room and thereby determining a physical field size in space is known.
- the medium is z.
- Geometries of inlets and outlets are specified, by means of which the medium enters or exits the room. From this, flow profiles of the outlets are calculated by simulation and thereby z.
- B. calculates the speed and direction of the moving medium be ⁇ calculated.
- DE 4421245 A1 discloses a device which simulates the monitoring of a technical system, eg. B. the ei ⁇ nes power plant with control technology.
- the simulation device simulates the operation with a program-based simulation block, which simulates simulation input data z.
- B. read from the An ⁇ situation, generated from it by means of rules symptoms and derived from these symptoms diagnoses on the condition of the system and outputs on a user interface.
- the symptoms describe z. B. Exceeding specified limits of the power plant. The reading in and the outputting can preferably be specified in terms of time.
- the invention has for its object to provide a method for predicting the contamination of a cleaning agent by a substance, wherein the cleaning agent is used in a cleaning system and in the stars ⁇ plant with the aid of the cleaning agent, a sequence of Rei ⁇ nistsvor Cyprusn is performed.
- This polluting substance may be gaseous or liquid or powdery or z. B. consist of grains of a solid substance.
- the cleaning agent may be a liquid, for. As water, a gas, for. As compressed air, or a powdery agent, z. B. on the objects radiated sand.
- a sequence of at least two cleaning operations is performed.
- at least one object contaminated with the substance is cleaned with the aid of the cleaning agent.
- the article is at least partially cleaned of the substance and the cleaning agent is contaminated by the substance.
- the cleaning system comprises a filter system. This filter system at least partially removes the substance from the cleaning agent and lowers the proportion of the substance in the cleaning agent.
- a measure of the initial amount of the substance which is in the cleaning agent before the start of the first cleaning process is predetermined or determined. For each cleaning process of the sequence, a measure of the total amount of the substance which is present in the cleaning agent after completion of the cleaning process is calculated one after the other. In this case, for each cleaning process of the Abf ⁇ olge the total amount the substance which in the course of the cleaning process - from the object cleaned in the cleaning process into the cleaning agent, calculates. This calculated value functions as a substance-inflow amount. Furthermore, the total amount of the substance which filters out the filter system during the cleaning process from the cleaning agent, be ⁇ calculated. This calculated value acts as a substance-effluent amount.
- the calculated total amount of the substance which is the cleaning agent after the end of the respective cleaning operation is calculated.
- the total amount of the substance for example, the total mass or the total volume of this substance is used in the detergent. If the substance consists of particles of a solid substance, the number of these particles in the fluid can also be used as a measure of the total amount of substance.
- the method makes it possible to predict the contamination of the cleaning agent without carrying out the cleaning operations. Therefore, the method makes it possible to early predict the contamination of the cleaning system, which is caused by the cleaning operations, and z. B. Compare the predicted pollution with a predetermined limit.
- the method can be used to design a cleaning system. It is used once in each case for a possible design of the cleaning system, and the possible design is assessed on the basis of the calculated prediction for the pollution.
- the filter system operates in such a way that dirty cleaning agent is supplied to it, the filter system filters out substance from this supplied cleaning agent and cleaned cleaning agent is reused in subsequent cleaning operations.
- the degree of effectiveness of the filter system is indicated by a degree of separation valid for all cleaning operations. This degree of separation is the quotient of the total amount of the filtered from the filter system from the supplied detergent substance and the total amount of the substance, which is fed to the filter system (F) with the supplied detergent (20).
- the cleaning system comprises a container connected to the filter system for receiving the cleaning agent during the cleaning operations. This container may consist of several interconnected sub-containers. At any point in time, the total amount of cleaning agent outside this container is negligible compared to the total amount of cleaning agent in the container.
- the embodiment provides for the total amount of the substance to be calculated after each cleaning process, which total amount of the substance is in the container after the cleaning process - more precisely, in the detergent contained in the container.
- the substance outside the container is neglected in one embodiment. In another embodiment, it is calculated as a function of the volume of the fluid outside the container.
- FIG. 1 shows a block diagram for an exemplary cleaning plant with a dip tank
- FIG. 2 shows a block diagram for an exemplary filter system
- Fig. 3. a calculated distribution of the particle diameter in the dip tank at a time
- 4 shows a calculated temporal development of the particle concentration in the dip tank
- 5 shows a block diagram for a cleaning system with a dip tank and a post-treatment tank
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the cleaning system of FIG. 5 with an additional filter
- FIG. 7 shows a block diagram for a cleaning system with a dip tank and two aftertreatment tanks.
- the method is used for designing a cleaning system with at least one immersion basin.
- the cleaning system is used in the series production of bodies of automobiles in order to clean the bodies before painting particles
- metallic particles remain from previous machining operations, for example from welding, grinding, machining or deburring, on the surfaces of the bodies,
- packaging materials or cleaning cloths can contain fiber particles The surface may furthermore be contaminated with dust Before painting the bodies, all particles are removed in the cleaning system in order to avoid painting defects.
- the cleaning system includes one or more plunge pools as well as preferably one filtration system per dip tank.
- each dip tank is as a cleaning agent a liquid keit ⁇ which dissolves the particles, for.
- a liquid keit ⁇ which dissolves the particles, for.
- the bodies successively pass through the basins of the cleaning installation.
- Each series of tanks passes through the basins in succession, the sequence in which a body passes through the basins being preferably always the same.
- Each plunge pool is connected to a filtration system that receives contaminated liquid from the plunge pool. Purified liquid is returned to the dip tank by the filter system.
- the cleaning system includes immersion tank.
- the method can be applied in the same way for the design of a cleaning system with splash tank.
- the Karos ⁇ series are sprayed with the liquid, and the Sjoritzbe- catch the liquid that is contaminated with detached particles on.
- Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of such an exemplary cleaning system.
- the purification plant consists of a single dip tank 1 and a film dye system F, which form a circuit together with the connecting lines.
- a cleaning liquid 20 In the dip tank 1 and the Vietnameseslei ⁇ lines and the filter system F is a cleaning liquid 20, z. B. water.
- a stream of liquid 20 within this cycle is represented by a simple arrow, an inflow or outflow with a block arrow.
- each body 2 remains for a while in the dip tank IL and is then removed from the dip tank 1 again.
- a body 2 remains a while in the dip tank IL, a certain amount of particles that were previously stapled to a body 2, detached from the body 2 and the liquid 20 in the immersion cover 1, respectively. This inflow of particles is denoted by S9 in FIG.
- an initial current is Sl of liquid-ness 20 with negligible concentration of Par tipped the dip tank 1, z. B. frisclie liquid or liquid from a subsequent and not shown in Fig. 1 dip tank, which is so well cleaned that their particle concentration is negligible.
- a stream S3 of liquid 20 is discharged from the dip tank 1 and fed to a filter system F.
- this filter system F part of the particles from the stream S3 are filtered out, and the liquid 20 purified in this way is returned to the dip tank 1.
- the stoma of the filter system F is designated in FIG. 1 as current S4.
- the filter system F removes coarse material in the form of heavily contaminated liquid 20 from the circulation. As a result, the filter system F takes in balance the dip tank 1 contaminated liquid. This stream of contaminated liquid 20 from the dip tank winrd in Fig. 1 and hereinafter referred to as S2.
- the filter system F comprises three different filters F1, F2 and F3.
- the filter Fl is preferably designed as a hydrocyclone which separates supplied liquid 20 into prepurified liquid and filtered-out concentrate. The separation results from the different centrifugal force which exerts the rotation of the hydrocyclone on particles and on clean liquid.
- the filtrate of Fl, that is the Nippo liquid is fed back to the dip tank 1, which is referred to in Fig. 2 as a current Sl_4.
- the coarse material of F2, that is the concentrate filtered out by Fl is supplied in a stream Sl_2 to a filter F2, which is designed as a pressure band filter.
- the filter F2 separates the coarse material filtered out from the filter F1 in a stream S5 with coarse material, which is withdrawn from the circuit, and a further quantity of pre-cleaned liquid, which is supplied to a filter F3 in a stream S2_3.
- the filter F3 is designed in this embodiment as a bag filter.
- the filter F3 separates the liquid supplied to it into a stream S3_4 of purified liquid, which is fed back to the dip tank 1, and a stream S6 of coarse material, which is also withdrawn from the circulation.
- the two streams S5 and S6 in FIG. 2 thus correspond to the stream S2 of coarse material; in Fig. 1.
- the two streams Sl_4 and S3_4 are combined to stream S4 and fed back to the dip tank 1.
- filters are constructed, z. B. in "Dubbel - handkerchief for mechanical engineering", 20th edition, Springer-Verlag, 20 oil, N7 - N8 described.
- the particles detached from the bodies 2 have different maximum diameters.
- a maximum possible particle diameter d_max is specified.
- M limits O ⁇ d_l ⁇ d_2 ⁇ d_3 ⁇ ... ⁇ d_M d_max for particle diameter measurement.
- d_l 10 ⁇ 6 m
- These M boundaries define M categories Kat_ZL, Kat_2, ..., Kat_M of particles.
- the category Kat_l includes all particles whose diameter is less than or equal to d_l.
- d_0 0.
- the method calculates the time evolution of Ml (fc, Kat j).
- Ml (t) is the total mass of all particles (no matter which Ka ⁇ category) referred to, which are at the time t in the liquid keit ⁇ 20 in Tauchbeclken 1.
- one body 2 is successively immersed in the dip tank 1 one after the other, remains there for a certain period of time, and is lifted out of the dew tank I and removed therefrom.
- Let t 0 be the start of the prediction period, and let t_l, t_2,... Be the successive times at which a respective chess series 2 is taken from the taucuite basin 1.
- the first Karos ⁇ centre 2 is so zi ⁇ m or dipped after the time t__0 in the plunge pool 1 and taken at or shortly after the time t_l this time again.
- the second body 2 is so immersed in or at the time t_l in the dip tank 1 and zi ⁇ m time t_l taken this again, and so on.
- the times t_0, t_l, t_2, ... act as prediction times.
- Particles are released from the immersed body 2 and pass as stream S9 into the liquid 20 in the dip tank 1.
- Vol_l (t) denotes the volume of the liquid 20 in the immersion tank at time t.
- ⁇ Vol_l (t_i + l) Vol_l (t_i + l) - Vol_l (t_i) be the change of this volume in the period from t_i to t_i + l. It is assumed in this exemplary embodiment that the volume of the liquid 20 in the dip tank 1 changes so slowly that the volume is approximately the same throughout the entire period from t.sub.i to t.sub.i + 1
- the filter system F is not able to filter out all particles from the liquid 20, but only a fraction of all particles. How large this proportion is depends on the diameter of the filter system F supplied particles. As a rule, the larger the diameter d, the larger the proportion.
- the work of the filter system F is described by a degree of separation T_F. This depends on the particle diameter. It is assumed that the degree of separation is the same for all particles of a category.
- M_Zufoodgut (Kat_j) denote the Gesarat mass of all particles of the category Kat_j, the Filtery ⁇ stems F zuge ⁇ leads, and M_Grobgut (Kat_j) the total mass of all particles of the category Kat_j, the filter system F from the Filter out feed.
- the degree of separation T_F (Kat_j) indicates how many percent by mass of the particles of category Kat_j are filtered out.
- the separation level T_F (Kat_j) is considered constant in one embodiment.
- T_F (Kat_j) mg of these particles are filtered out and are located in the coarse material, which is withdrawn from circulation with the stream S2.
- the non-filtered particles enter the stream S4 and with this stream S4 into the dip tank 1.
- S4 are thus [1-T_F (Kat_j)] mg of non-filtered-out particles with a diameter between d_j-1 and cL_j.
- ⁇ S3 (t_i + l) denotes the volume of the polluted liquid 20, which in the period from ti to t i + 1 is referred to as Stream S3 flows out of the dip tank 1.
- ⁇ M3 (t_i + 1, Katr_j) denotes the total mass of the particles which belong to the category Kat_j and which flow out of the immersion basin 1 with the stream S3 in the period from t_i to t_i + 1.
- the total mass of the particles in the trough 1, which belong to the category Kat_j is assumed to be approximately constant over the entire period from t_i to t_i + 1, it is preferably equal to [Ml (t_i + 1, Kat_j ) + Ml (t_i, Kat_j)] / 2.
- the average concentration c (t, Kat_j) of the particles of the category Kat_j, which are in the dip tank 1 in the period from t_i to t_i- + l, is therefore approximately
- the particles have a higher density than the liquid 20.
- the AbfZLuß to the filter system F is mounted below in the dip tank 1.
- T_F T_F (Kat_j) denotes the degree of separation of the filter system F introduced above.
- T_F (Kat_j) is the fraction of the category Kat_j filtered out from the filter system F, which is related to the mass, on all particles of the category Kat_j fed to the filter system F.
- the degree of separation T_F (Kat_j) generally varies from category to category. rie. In one embodiment, T_F (Kat_j) is assumed to be constant in time.
- ⁇ M2 (t_i + l, Kat_j) denotes the total mass of all particles belonging to the category Kat_j and which are removed from circulation with the stream S2.
- the current S2 of FIG. 1 corresponds to the currents S5 and S6 of FIG. 2. Due to the definition of the degree of separation applies
- ⁇ M2 (t_i + 1, Kat_j) T_F (Kat_j) * ⁇ M3 (t_i + 1, Kat_j)
- ⁇ M7 (t_i + 1, Kat_j) ⁇ (Kat j) > Ml (t_i + l t Kat_j) + Ml (t_i t K a t_j)
- Vol_l (t_i + 1) Vol_l (t_i) + ⁇ Sl (t_i + l) - ⁇ S3 (t_i + l) - * - ⁇ S4 (t_i + l) - ⁇ S7 (t_i + l).
- ⁇ S4 (t_i + 1) ⁇ S3 (t_i + l) - ⁇ S2 (t__i + l).
- Initial conditions are determined or specified. This includes a value for Vol_l (t_0), that is, the initial volume of the liquid 20 in the dip tank 1.
- the differential equation for the volume Vol_l (t) does not depend on the particle mass or the particle diameter. Preferably, therefore, the difference equation for the volume is first of all solved.
- An alternative embodiment provides to generate a differential equation from the difference equation.
- the objective difference equation is:
- the total quantity M (t, Kat_j) of the particles of the category Kat_j, which are in the purification plant at time t, is accordingly
- the total volume VoI (t) of the liquid 20 at time t in the cleaning plant is
- VoI (t) Vol_l (t) + ⁇ / ol_2.
- the reference body is immersed for about the same length of time in a previously particle-free liquid in the dip tank 1 and taken this again.
- the particles are carefully filtered out of the liquid which is polluted by the reference body.
- the total mass ⁇ M9 of the filtered-out particles is measured by weighing, the particles are separated with respect to their different diameters, and the mass-related proportion of the particles belonging to the category Kat_j is determined.
- a random sample is taken from the filtered-out particles, and it is determined in each case how many particles belong in which category and what these weigh in total. Thereby, a reference entry " ⁇ M9 (Kat_j) is determined for each category.”
- ⁇ M9 (Kat_j) is determined for each category.
- the inflow S1 of unpolluted liquid 20 and the outflow S2 of polluted liquid 20 are specifically regulated in order to keep the volume Vol_1 of the liquid 20 in the dip tank 1 within predetermined limits. This prevents ei ⁇ neminte that the dip tank 1 overflows, and on the other hand ensure that a body 2 is completely immersed in the liquid 20 in the dip tank 1.
- the volumetric flow rate S1 remains constant per unit of time, so that ⁇ S1 (t_i + 1) is equal to ⁇ S1 * (t_i + 1 -t_i), where ⁇ S1 is the constant volumetric flow rate per unit of time, e.g. In the unit of measure [l / min].
- the inflow S3 from the immersion tank 1 into the filter system F is also regulated, so that the required values for solving the difference equation are known.
- the degree of separation T_F (Kat_j) of the filter system F is also preferably determined by tests. For this ver ⁇ different reference amounts of particles are used. The diameters of the particles of a quantity fall into the same category Kat_j, and it is measured which proportion of the particles of the reference quantity filters out the filter system F in each case.
- a preferred embodiment consists of separately measuring the degrees of separation of the individual filters and the degree of separation of the filter system F due to the individual degrees of separation and the connection of the filters to the filter system F. to calculate. This will be explained below using the example of FIG. 2.
- T_Fl Kat_j
- T_F2 Kat_j
- T_F3 Kat_j
- the degree of separation T_F (Kat_j) of the filter system F depends on the degrees of separation of the individual filters F1, F2 and F3, as described below:
- ⁇ M1_2 (t_i + 1, Kat_j) T_F1 (Kat_j) * ⁇ M3 (t_i + 1, Kat_j) and
- ⁇ M5 (t_i + 1, Kat_j) T_F2 (Kat_j) * ⁇ M1_2 (t_i + 1, Kat_j) and
- ⁇ M_Grobgut (Kat_j) T_F_x (Kat_j) * ⁇ M_Zufoodgu.t (Kat_j) and
- Another embodiment makes it possible to take into account temporal changes in the degree of separation of a filter. These temporal changes result z. B., therefore, that a filter is stuffed ver ⁇ over time filtered by coarse material and therefore cleaned at regular intervals.
- the separation degree s a filter F_X in the period from t_i to t_i + l each approximation ⁇ s- example remains constant.
- T_F_x (t_i + 1, Kat_j) be the separation magnitude d of a filter F_x in the period from t_i to t_i + 1.
- T_F_x (t_l0 * j, Kat_j) T_F_x (t_0, Kat_j)
- the deterioration, which causes the contamination of the filter is, for. B. by a factor ⁇ ⁇ 1 taken into account.
- This factor ⁇ ⁇ (Kat_j) preferably depends on the category Kat_j.
- T_F_x (t_i + 1, Kat_j) ⁇ (Kat_j) * T_F_x (t__i, Kat_j).
- ⁇ M3 (t_i + 1, Kat_j) ⁇ ( Ka t ⁇ M l CUHKatJHM l CU.KatJ ) i + 1)
- Each of the two embodiments provides a way to compute an at-sequence of prediction values Ml (t_0, Kat_j), Ml (t_l, Kat_j), Ml (t_2, Kat_j), and so forth for a given category Kat_j. This calculation is preferably terminated when ⁇ M1 (t_i + 1, Kat_j) - ⁇ MIL (t_i, Kat_j) - or
- the above method is performed for each category Kat_j.
- the distribution of the particles with respect to their diameters is thereby approximately calculated, namely the measured values M1 (t_i, Kat_l), M1 (t_i, Kat_2), M1 (t_i, Kat_3) and so on.
- FIG. 3 shows a calculated distribution of the particle diameter at the equilibrium time t_N.
- the particle diameters are plotted in [10 ⁇ 6 m], the x-axis is scaled logarithmically.
- the temporal evolution of the total mass of all particles in the liquid 20 in the dip tank 1 is additionally calculated.
- ⁇ M9 (t_i) ⁇ M9 (t_i, Kat_j)
- the temporal evolution of the particle concentration of a category Kat_j and the total particle concentration is additionally calculated. For each time t_i
- Vol__l (t_i) is calculated.
- the volume of the particles in the dip tank 1 is neglected compared to the volume of the cleaning liquid 20.
- This quotient c (t_i, Kat_j) is the concentration of the particles belonging to the category Kat_j, at the time t_i in the dip tank 1.
- FIG. 4 shows a calculated time-dependent development of the particle concentration in the liquid 20 in the dip tank 1.
- the time is entered on the x-axis.
- the times t_5, t_10, t 15, t_20 and t_25 are marked.
- the particle concentration c (t_i) is plotted on the y-axis at the present time t_i, for example in [g / m 3 ].
- Another embodiment provides, in addition, to calculate approximately how many particles of a category are located in the immersion basin 1 at a time t_i.
- a measured or estimated mean particle density ⁇ is given as the mass per unit volume, eg. In [g / cm 3 ].
- the particles are assumed to be approximately spherical.
- a particle of the category Kat_j has a diameter d which lies between d_j-1 and d_j. His
- the mass lies between - 3 * ⁇ * (V 2 )) 3 * ⁇ and - 3 * ⁇ * (V- 2 -)) 3 * ⁇ p, /
- D_max can be selected smaller for future calculations.
- VF_9 (d, type_k)
- VF_9 the proportion of particles whose diameter is less than or equal to d, on the total mass of the particles, which pass in a rotatesvor ⁇ gang from a body type Typ_k with the stream S9 in the plunge pool 1, called. Then:
- VF_9 (d_j, type_k) J] ⁇ M9 (Kat_j, type _k) s owi e
- ⁇ M9 (Kat_j, type_k) VF_9 (d_j, type_k) - VF_9 (d_j_1, type_k)
- the embodiment described below makes it possible to specify the values for ⁇ M9 (Kat_j, Type_k).
- the under defenceli ⁇ diameter of particles that are registered with the bodywork 2 in the plunge pool 1, are statistically be ⁇ written.
- One type of description is the description of the diameter distribution of the particles brought about by a statistical distribution function VF_9.
- the distribution function VF_9 and the density function f_9 depend on each other as follows: d
- the distribution function VF_9 is, for example, a normal distribution or an ILogarithmic normal distribution over d. In the case of the normalve grant, the distribution function VF_9 has a density function f_9
- the density function has the following text: [ln (d) -ln (d 50 )] 2
- the parameter d 50 in the density function f_9 is a mean particle diameter: half the mass of all particles comes from particles with a diameter less than or equal to d 50 , the remaining half from particles with a diameter greater than d 50 .
- a reference cleaning operation is carried out, and the distribution of the particle diameter based on the mass is measured.
- the two unknown parameters d 5o (type_k) and ⁇ 2 (type_k) are approximately calculated. It is also possible to carry out a statistical test as to whether the assumption of the logarithmic normal distribution is correct, eg. For example, a chi-square fit test.
- a filter Fx for particles has an efficiency, which is generally greater, the larger the particle diameter. is a knife. This efficiency is preferably described as the degree of separation.
- the degree of separation T_Fx T_Fx (Kat_j) depends on the category Kat_j of the particles and is defined as a quotient
- VF_ feed material (d) is the proportion of the particles with a diameter smaller or equal to the total mass of all particles in feed material, based on di_e mass.
- VF_Grobgut (d) is the one on the earth; referred proportion of particles with a diameter less than or equal to d in the total mass of all particles in the coarse material.
- M_Grobgut is the total mass of all particles in the coarse cfut, with M_Zufoodgut the total mass of all PartikeL in the feed.
- the total mass M_Grobgut (0, d) of all particles in the coarse material with a diameter smaller than or equal to d is equal to d
- M_Grobgut * f_Grobgut (d). Accordingly: M_Zufoodgut (d) M_Zuzhougut * f_Zufoodgut (d) Accordingly is M _ coarse material (d) M _ coarse material * f _ coarse material (d)
- f_Grobgut ( ⁇ ) can therefore be replaced by a f_Grobgut (d_x) with a d_x between d_j-l and d_j.
- f_Zufoodgut ( ⁇ ) Then follows:
- the degree of separation T_Fx (d) of a filter Fx is also treated by means of a logarithmic normal distribution.
- the factor A is chosen such that:
- the process is carried out with a conventional data processing plant, eg. B. with a PC odex a workstation.
- This data processing system includes input devices, output devices and a computing unit.
- the output devices preferably include a screen and a printer.
- the Computing unit generates an interactive graphical user interface on the screen.
- a user uses the graphical user interface to create a block diagram of the cleaning system. To do this, he selects graphic symbols from an electronic library and places them on the screen. This library contains symbols for filters, bodywork, plunge pools and spray basins, as well as for drainage pipes and for tributaries and drains. For example, a user describes a cleaning system with the dip tank 1, the three filters of the filter system F shown in FIG. 2 and the connecting lines between the dip tank 1 and the filters F1, F2 and F3 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
- Each symbol has its own data object in the sense of the object-oriented programming.
- Each data object belongs to an object type.
- object type For example, there are object types for filters, body, plunge pool and spray basins, as well as connecting lines.
- Each object type has certain attributes. It is possible for the object type filter to encompass different sub-object types for the different filter types and, corresponding to the object type body, to include different sub-object types for the different types of checkseries.
- the difference equations are automatically generated from the block diagram and the typed data objects. For this purpose, stored relationships are evaluated. In particular, the relationship described above is stored for the object type filter
- ⁇ M_Grobgut (d) T_Fx (d) * ⁇ M_Zufoodgut (d) and
- ⁇ M_filtrate (d) [1 - T_Fx (d)] * ⁇ M_feed (d).
- the user sets the values for the attributes of the data objects. For this purpose, he clicks on the symbol for the corresponding data ob- For example, he / she sets the initial volume Vol_l (t_0) of the liquid 20 in the dip tank 1. Furthermore, he / she specifies the entry ⁇ M9 (t) on particles which are introduced into the dip tank 1 by immersing the body 2. Preferably, ⁇ M9 (t> depends only on the type of bodywork, but not on the time t.
- he / she gives the distribution VF_9 (d) of the particle diameters of a body 2 during immersion in the immersion basin 1
- the user predicts the degrees of separation of the filters, that is to say the three degrees of separation T_F1 (d), T_F2 (d) and T__F3 (d) in the example of Fig. 2.
- he / she defines the volume flows S1, S2, S3, S7 In the simplest case these are constant in time, the user sets a value for the volume flow, eg in [m 3 / h] For S4, the user does not need to enter a value, because the flow S4 becomes like calculated above.
- the distribution function VF_9 (d) of the diameter of the detached from a body 2 particles and the T_t ⁇ enngrade the filter depend on the particle diameter.
- One embodiment of specifying these values is that the user prescribes a value for the distribution function and the separation ratios for each of the categories Kat_j predetermined as described above. So he / she gives the values VF_9 (d_l), VF_9 (d_2), VF_9 (d_3) and so on, also the values T_Fl (Kat_l), T_Fl (Kat_2), T_Fl (Kat_3) and so on. It is automatically checked whether
- the user specifies the two parameters d 50 and ⁇ 2 , for example both in the unit of measure [10 ⁇ 6 m].
- the distribution function VF_9 is numerically calculated, for example, with the aid of the integral u via the density function f_9.
- the user inputs the two parameters d 50 and ⁇ 2 . These vary from filter to filter.
- the degree of separation T_Fx (d) for a particle diameter d is then preferably in accordance with the calculation specification
- the method is used to expand the cleaning plant with the dip tank 1 and the filter system F.
- the following variables can be varied during design:
- the manipulated variables S2, S3 and T_F (d) influence the particle concentration in a linear manner after the equilibrium state has been reached, the manipulated variable Vol_l is at all open, and the manipulated variable S1 serves to keep the volume Vol_l constant over time. This shows the following consideration:
- a value for ⁇ M9 (t_i, Kat_j) is derived in each case with the aid of this inequality.
- FIG. 5 shows a block diagram of a further cleaning system.
- the immersion basin 1 consists of a first immersion basin 10 and a second immersion basin 11.
- the second immersion basin 11 functions as a further immersion basin 10 for the aftertreatment of bodies.
- a body is first submerged in the first plunge pool IO and this removed again after a time. Subsequently, the already pre-cleaned body is immersed in the aftertreatment dip tank 11 for further cleaning.
- the first immersion basin 10 is not supplied with fresh liquid, but rather polluted liquid 20 from the after-treatment immersion basin 11.
- This flow of liquid from 11 to 10 is denoted by S34 in FIG. 5. Because only pre-cleaned bodies are introduced into the aftertreatment dip tank 11, the liquid 20 in the stream S34 is distinctly less polluted than that in the stream S2.
- the aftertreatment dip tank 11 is supplied with fresh or purified liquid through the stream Sl. The mass of the particles in d-read current S1 is negligible.
- the aftertreatment dip tank 11 is tn.it connected to another filter system F_N.
- a stream S3_N flows from the after-treatment dip tank 11 into the further filter system F_N. This separates the stream S3_N into a stream S2_N of coarse material and a stream S4_N of purified liquid 20, which again enters the aftertreatment dip tank L1.
- Particles are released from the immersed body 2 and enter the liquid 20 in the first dip tank 10.
- the filter system F takes a stream S2 with heavily contaminated liquid 20 the circuit.
- a contaminated liquid stream S34 flows out of the aftertreatment dip tank 11 into the first dip tank 10.
- Liquid 20 without particles evaporates from the first dip tank 10.
- the total quantity of particles in the liquid 20 of the category Kat_j, which are located in the first dip tank 10 at the time t, is designated MIO (t, Kat_j), the volume of the liquid 20 in the first dip tank 10 at the time t Vol_10 (t).
- MIO t, Kat_j
- t the volume of the liquid 20 in the first dip tank 10 at the time t Vol_10
- ⁇ M3 (t_i + 1, Kat_j) ⁇ (Kat) MlO (O + IKaO) + MlO (UKaQ) Vol_10 (t_i + 1) + Vol_10 (t_i) as well as
- ⁇ M4 (t_i + 1, Kat_j) [1 - T_F (Kat_j)] * ⁇ M3 (t_i + 1, Kat_j) and
- ⁇ M31 (t_i + l, Kat_j) ß ( Kat ⁇ MlOCuukatJ) + MlO (U ⁇ tJ)
- Vol_ll (t_i + 1) Vol_ll (t_i) + ⁇ S34 (t_i + 1) - ⁇ S3 (t_i + 1) + ⁇ S4 (ti + 1) - ⁇ S31 (ti + 1)
- the filter system F_ISr takes a stream S2 with heavily contaminated liquid 20 to the circulation.
- a stream Sl with unpolluted or well-cleaned liquid 20 flows into the aftertreatment dip tank 11.
- T_F_N (Kat_j) denotes the degree of separation of the further filter system F_N
- MIl (t, Kat_j) denotes the mass of all particles which are located at the prediction time t in the aftertreatment immersion tank 11 and belong to the category Kat_j.
- ⁇ M11 (t_i + l, Kat_j) the total mass of the particles is be ⁇ signed, which are entered with the stream S31 in the period from t_i to t_i + l in the aftertreatment Tauchbecke-n 11 and belonging to the category Kat_j.
- ⁇ M9_N (t_i -t-1, Kat_j) denotes the total mass of the particles, which are additionally detached from the body 2 in the period from t_i to t_i + 1 and carried into the after-treatment tauclip 11 with the stream S9_N and who belong to category Kat_j.
- the volume of the liquid 20 in the after-treatment taxi pool 11 at time t is Vol_ll (t).
- ⁇ M3_N (t_i + 1, Kat_j) ⁇ N (KatJ) ⁇ M11 (t - i + 1 ' KatJ) + M11 (t - i ' Kat - J) * ⁇ S3 N (ti + l ) Vol_ll (t_i + 1) + Vol_ll (t_i) ⁇ as well
- ⁇ M4_N (t_i + 1, Kat_j) [1 - T_F_N (Kat_j)] * ⁇ M3 JN (t_i + 1, Kat_j) and
- Vol_l 1 (t_i + 1) Vol_ll (t_i) + ⁇ S31 (t_i + 1) - ⁇ S34 (t_i + 1) - ⁇ S3_N (t_i + 1) + ⁇ S4_N (t_i + 1) - ⁇ S7_N (t_i + 1) + ⁇ Sl ( t_i + l)
- the particle concentrations in the two dip tanks 10 and 11 are: c 10 (t , ⁇ at J ). M15 & MJ ) and
- FIG. 3 shows a block diagram for the cleaning system of FIG. 5 with an additional filter system F_M.
- This filter system cleans stream S34 of contaminated liquid from the aftertreatment immersion basin 11.
- the stream with purified liquid is denoted by S35 in FIG. 6, the stream removed from the circulation by the filter system F_M with heavily contaminated liquid with S2_M.
- the cleaning system may also have several cascaded post-treatment dip tanks.
- a body 2 is first submerged in the first dip tank 10 and then sequentially into the cascaded post-treatment dip tanks 11 and 12.
- the last aftertreatment dip tank in this sequence is supplied with fresh fluid.
- Contaminated liquid 20 flows from each aftertreatment dip tank into the previous aftertreatment dip tank and from the first aftertreatment dip tank 11 into the first dip tank 10.
- the process can also be applied to such a cleaning plant, again generating and resolving difference equations.
- FIG. 7 shows, by way of example, a block diagram for a cleaning installation with a first dip tank 10 and two after-treatment tanks 11 and 12.
- a body 2 successively passes through the tanks 11, 12 and 13.
- the second after-treatment pool 13 is supplied with fresh liquid 20 by a stream S1.
- the cleaning system of FIG. 5, FIG. 6 or FIG. 7 is operated without a filter system.
- the mass balances change accordingly.
- the changed mass balances are derived from the above-mentioned mass balances, eg. B. thereby liervor that the Trenn ⁇ degree of each filter system is set to 0.
- ⁇ M3 (t_i + 1, Kat_j) ⁇ M4 (t_i + 1, Kat_j).
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE200410050227 DE102004050227A1 (de) | 2004-10-15 | 2004-10-15 | Verfahren zur Auslegung einer Reinigungsanlage |
| PCT/EP2005/010916 WO2006042663A1 (de) | 2004-10-15 | 2005-10-11 | Verfahren zur auslegung einer reinigungsanlage |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1799367A1 true EP1799367A1 (de) | 2007-06-27 |
Family
ID=35500670
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP05796800A Withdrawn EP1799367A1 (de) | 2004-10-15 | 2005-10-11 | Verfahren zur auslegung einer reinigungsanlage |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1799367A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102004050227A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2006042663A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107606665A (zh) * | 2017-10-09 | 2018-01-19 | 广东美的厨房电器制造有限公司 | 过滤装置及烟机清洗系统及烟机 |
| CN110459107A (zh) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-11-15 | 安徽迅科智能技术有限公司 | 一种组合式智能楼宇弱电系统实训装置 |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2872777B2 (ja) * | 1990-08-23 | 1999-03-24 | マツダ株式会社 | 車体のゴミ除去方法 |
| DE20003158U1 (de) * | 2000-02-22 | 2000-06-08 | Sartorius AG, 37075 Göttingen | Computerprogrammprodukt sowie Computersystem zum automatischen Erstellen einer Filtereinrichtung |
| US6308719B1 (en) * | 2000-03-29 | 2001-10-30 | Honda Of America Manufacturing, Inc. | Pre-clean deluge system |
| WO2002015255A1 (en) * | 2000-08-11 | 2002-02-21 | Chem Trace Corporation | System and method for cleaning semiconductor fabrication equipment parts |
| US7146991B2 (en) * | 2002-01-23 | 2006-12-12 | Cinetic Automation Corporation | Parts washer system |
-
2004
- 2004-10-15 DE DE200410050227 patent/DE102004050227A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2005
- 2005-10-11 WO PCT/EP2005/010916 patent/WO2006042663A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2005-10-11 EP EP05796800A patent/EP1799367A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2006042663A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102004050227A1 (de) | 2006-04-20 |
| WO2006042663A1 (de) | 2006-04-27 |
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