Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
  • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
  • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
  • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
  • H01B3/42—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes polyesters; polyethers; polyacetals
  • H01B3/421—Polyesters
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D179/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen, with or without oxygen, or carbon only, not provided for in groups C09D161/00 - C09D177/00
  • C09D179/04—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain; Polyhydrazides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
  • C09D179/08—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
  • C09D7/20—Diluents or solvents
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
  • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
  • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
  • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
  • C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
  • C08K5/10—Esters; Ether-esters
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
  • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
  • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
  • H01F27/32—Insulating of coils, windings, or parts thereof
  • H01F27/323—Insulation between winding turns, between winding layers
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
  • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
  • Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a composition intended to constitute an electrically insulating enameling varnish.
• the invention finds a particularly advantageous, but not exclusive, application in the field of winding wires.
• the vast majority of varnishes used for the insulation of enamelled wires are produced in the form of a solution of polymer in a mixture of cresylic solvents and aromatic hydrocarbons, or in a mixture of N-methyl pyrollidone and aromatic hydrocarbons.
• the effectiveness of these solvents is indeed quite obvious in practice, either during the synthesis of the varnish, in terms of solubility or at the time of application on the wire.
• cresylic solvents are also known to be highly toxic products, which, moreover, have very unpleasant odors.
• N-methyl pyrollidone commonly referred to by the abbreviation NMP, is suspected of toxicity.
• Today, the entire enamelled wire industry is under increasing pressure to reduce the use of these conventional solvents.
• benzyl alcohol is known to be a good solvent for replacing cresol and phenol in particular, but its toxicity still remains too important and its cost price is disadvantageously higher.
• the technical problem to be solved, by the object of the present invention is to propose an enameling varnish composition especially for winding wire, a composition which would make it possible to avoid the problems of the state of the art by offering a significantly reduced toxic solvent content, while preserving the performance of the final product and not restoring the standard enameling processes currently used.
• the solution to the technical problem consists in that the enameling varnish composition comprises a polymer resin and an alkyl lactate, and in that the polymeric resin is selected from the group of polyesters, polyesters imides, THEIC modified polyesters imides, polyurethanes, polyamides, imide polyamides, polyvinyl acetoformals, or any mixture of these compounds.
• the invention as defined thus therefore consists in substituting at least a portion of the toxic solvents commonly used in the prior art, and in particular the cresylic solvents, with a solvent which is known to it and recognized as being completely harmless, the occurrence a lactate. This ultimately allows to reduce in more or less significant proportions the toxicity of the enameling varnish.
• Lactate type solvents have the advantage of not altering the mechanical and insulating properties of the enamelling varnishes in which they are integrated.
• enamelled son prepared from lacquer based on lactates offer the same performance as their counterparts developed using varnishes of conventional formulations.
• Lactate-type solvents furthermore give the enameling varnish excellent stability, good application capacity and a satisfactory surface finish.
• the price level of lactates is also of the same order of magnitude as that of cresol and NMP, so that their use does not generate any increase in the particular cost.
• the alkyl lactate is chosen from methyl lactate, ethyl lactate, propyl lactate, butyl lactate or any mixture of these compounds.
• a first embodiment of the invention is related to the fact that the polymer resin is chosen from the group of polyesters, polyesters imides, THEIC modified polyesters imides, polyurethanes, polyvinyl acetoformals, or any mixture of these compounds.
• the proportion by weight of alkyl lactate relative to the total amount of solvents may advantageously be between 5 and 100%, and preferably between 10 and 70%.
• the enameling varnish composition may comprise 5 to 100% by weight of alkyl lactate, and preferably 10 to 70% by weight, all this in relation to the total amount of solvents.
• a composition according to this first embodiment may further comprise at least one cresylic solvent.
• cresylic solvent denotes phenol, cresol, xylenol and their derivatives.
• a second embodiment of the invention relates to demisting varnish compositions whose polymer resin is chosen from polyamides, polyamide imides, or any mixture of these compounds.
• the proportion by weight of alkyl lactate may advantageously be between 5 and 70% relative to the total amount of solvents, and preferably between 10 and 40% by weight.
• the enameling varnish composition may also comprise N-methyl pyrollidone.
• the enameling varnish composition may further comprise at least one aromatic hydrocarbon.
• aromatic hydrocarbon very generally designates all isomers of xylenes, but also of petroleum fractions, and more particularly of hydrocarbon cuts having a boiling point between 160 and 21O 0 C .
• the presence of aromatics in the enameling varnish composition makes it possible to reduce the cost price, to adjust the viscosity if necessary, but also to raise the boiling point of the solvent mixture.
• the aim is not to be penalized by the relatively low boiling point of lactates, which is generally between 145 and 170 ° C., and thus to avoid any risk of drying in the applicators. Such a phenomenon could indeed compromise the manufacturing process as a whole.
• the proportion by weight of aromatic hydrocarbon will advantageously be between 10 and 50% relative to the total amount of solvents.
• an enameling varnish composition according to the invention may further comprise any kind of additive known from the state of the art.
• the invention also relates to any winding wire comprising a conductive element covered with an insulating layer made from an enameling varnish composition as previously described.
• Examples I to V relate to enameling varnish compositions which are all intended to form electrically insulating layers for winding wires. More specifically, each example relates to compositions consisting of the same polymer resin but with different solvent mixtures, namely in each case a composition according to the invention and a reference composition comprising a solvent mixture typical of the prior art.
• Example I Samples 1 and 2 both relate to polyester imide (PEI) compositions. They relate respectively to a composition according to the invention, that is to say whose solvent mixture is provided with lactate, and to a reference composition, that is to say whose solvent mixture is based only conventional solvents.
• PEI polyester imide
• sample 1 begins with the addition of 437 g of trimellitic anhydride to 285 g of diphenyl methane diisocyanate in 590 g of cresol. The mixture is then heated to 200 0 C, resulting in a release of carbon dioxide of 105 g. 430 g of ethylene glycol, 328 g of trimellitic anhydride and 51 g of isophthalic acid are then introduced into the reactor at 120 ° C. The whole is heated with vigorous stirring up to about 215 ° C. 110 g of distillate are then collected.
• Sample 2 is prepared by adding 437 g of trimellitic anhydride to 285 g of diphenyl methane diisocyanate in 590 g of cresol. The mixture is heated to 200 0 C, resulting in a release of carbon dioxide of 105g. 430 g of ethylene glycol, 328 g of trimellitic anhydride and 51 g of isophthalic acid are then introduced into the reactor at 120 ° C. The whole is heated with vigorous stirring up to about 215 ° C. 110 g of distillate are then collected.
• titanate introduced is generally tetra n-butyl titanate. This compound acts as a catalyst for the esterification and transesterification reaction. It is also a crosslinking agent.
• Table 1 summarizes the differences in compositions between the solvent mixtures of samples 1 and 2.
• Viscosity at 20 ° C. 1,205 mPa. s 2,600 mPa. s It is observed that the characteristic properties of the two types of enamel varnish are directly comparable. However, it is noted that the presence of lactate advantageously reduces the viscosity in the case of the composition according to the invention (Sample 1). This characteristic makes it possible to work with much more concentrated compositions.
• Winding son are then made using as enameling varnish the compositions corresponding to samples 1 and 2. Concretely, layers of varnish are applied in a predetermined number, in successive passes and at a given speed, on conductors son of identical diameters . The extra thickness of the varnish, as well as its appearance on the surface, are then evaluated for each enamelled wire.
• Standard characterization tests are then conducted to determine the essential properties of both types of winding wires (in accordance with the international standard IEC 60317). These are conventionally tests of flexibility, thermal shock at 200 0 C, and solderability at 475 0 C. With the aid of Dansk brand apparatus and type TD300, a well-known value is also determined. in the field of enameling, namely the delta tangent.
• Table 3 combines both the structural characteristics of the two types of enamelled wires, and their specific properties.
• Samples 3 and 4 both relate to THEIC-modified imide polyester compositions. They are respectively relative to a composition according to the invention, that is to say whose solvent mixture is provided with lactate, and a reference composition, that is to say whose solvent mixture is based only conventional solvents.
• the preparation of sample 3 begins with the introduction of 190 g of ethylene glycol and 435 g of trishydroxyethyl isocyanurate (THEIC) into a reactor at room temperature. The mixture is then heated to 120 ° C.
• TEEIC trishydroxyethyl isocyanurate
• the varnish obtained is of dry extract 44% and viscosity at 20 ° C. of 860 mPa.s- 1 .
• Sample 4 is prepared by introducing 190 g of ethylene glycol and 435 g of trishydroxyethyl isocyanurate (THEIC) into The mixture is then heated to 120 ° C. At this temperature, 122 g of diphenyl methane diamine, 270 g of dimethoxy terephthalate, 277 g of trimellitic anhydride, and 13 g of Xylene are introduced into the reactor. 2 g of Titanate are in turn added before heating the mixture with vigorous stirring to 22O 0 C.
• TEEIC trishydroxyethyl isocyanurate
• 140 g of distillate are then collected: 463 g of cresol, 463 g of phenol, 82 g of benzyl alcohol, 44 g of ethylene glycol and 326 g of Solvesso 150 are then added to the lacquer At 60 ° C., 46 g of titanate and 80 g of phenolic resin are added to the lacquer
• the varnish obtained is 44% solids and has a viscosity at 20 ° C. of 1300 mPa. s "1 .
• the winding wires are then made using, as enameling varnish, the compositions corresponding to the samples 3 and 4. Concretely, layers of varnish are applied in a predetermined number, in successive passes and at a given speed, on conducting wires of identical diameters. . The extra thickness of the varnish, as well as its appearance on the surface, are then evaluated for each enamelled wire.
• Standard characterization tests are then conducted to determine the essential properties of both types of winding wires. This is conventionally tests of flexibility and thermal shock at 200 ° C. As in Example I, the delta tangent is determined using a Dansk TD300 type device.
• Table 6 combines both the structural characteristics of the two types of enamelled wires, as well as their specific properties.
• Samples 5 and 6 both relate to polyurethane compositions. They are respectively relative to a composition according to the invention, that is to say whose solvent mixture is provided with lactate, and a reference composition, that is to say whose solvent mixture is based only conventional solvents.
• sample 5 begins with the introduction of 416.5g of Cresol, 544g of ethyl lactate and 55.4g of Xylene into the reactor. At 60 ° C., 120 g of trimethylolpropane (TMP) and 26 g of trishydroxyethyl isocyanurate (THEIC) are added. The mixture is heated until the total distillation of Xylene. After cooling, 835 g of diphenyl methane diisocyanate and 1.5 g of catalyst are introduced. The varnish is then heated with vigorous stirring up to 140 ° C.
• TMP trimethylolpropane
• TBEIC trishydroxyethyl isocyanurate
• Sample 6 is prepared by introducing 960.5 g of cresol and 55.4 g of Xylene into the reactor. At 60 ° C., 120 g of trimethylolpropane (TMP) and 26 g of trishydroxyethyl isocyanurate (THEIC) are added. The mixture is heated until total distillation of Xylene. After cooling, 835 g of diphenyl methane diisocyanate and 1.5 g of catalyst are introduced. The varnish is then heated with vigorous stirring up to 140 ° C.
• TMP trimethylolpropane
• TEEIC trishydroxyethyl isocyanurate
• Winding son are then made using as enameling varnish the compositions corresponding to samples 5 and 6. Concretely, layers of varnish are applied in a predetermined number, in successive passes and at a given speed, on conductors son of identical diameters. The extra thickness of the varnish, as well as its appearance on the surface, are then evaluated for each enamelled wire.
• Standard characterization tests are then conducted to determine the essential properties of both types of winding wires. These are conventionally tests of flexibility, thermal shock at 200 ° C., and weldability at 39 ° C. Using a Dansk-branded apparatus and of the TD300 type, the value of the tangent delta.
• Table 9 combines both the structural characteristics of the two types of enamelled wires, as well as their characteristic properties.
• Samples 7 and 8 both relate to polyvinyl acetoformal (PVF) compositions. They are respectively relative to a composition according to the invention, that is to say whose solvent mixture is provided with lactate, and a reference composition, that is to say whose solvent mixture is based only conventional solvents.
• the preparation of sample 7 begins with the cold loading of 755 g of ethyl lactate, 799 g of aromatic solvent (Solvesso 100), and 278.5 g of Xylene. At 90 ° C., 429 g of polyvinyl acetoformal powder are in turn charged. The mixture is maintained at 90 ° C. for 1 hour and then cooled.
• Sample 8 is prepared by cold loading 528.5g of Cresol, 226.5g of Phenol, 799g of aromatic solvent (Solvesso 100 - Exxon), and 278.5g of Xylene. At 90 ° C., 429 g of polyvinyl acetoformal powder are in turn charged. The mixture is maintained at 90 ° C. for 1 hour and then cooled. 61.2 g of Desmodur AP are introduced at 80 ° C. and the varnish is maintained at this temperature for 1 hour and until perfect clarity. The mixture is then cooled to 50 ° C. by adding 255 g of Xylene. After good stirring 306g of phenolic resin, 37g of melamine resin are added to the varnish. The varnish is finally diluted with 2.5 g of aromatic solvent (Solvesso 100 from Exxon) and 69 g of Cresol to reach a solids content of 19.7% and a viscosity of 6450 mPa. s.
• Winding wires are then produced by using, as enameling varnish, the compositions corresponding to samples 7 and 8. Concretely, layers of varnish are applied in a predetermined number, in successive passes and at a given speed, on conducting wires of identical diameters. . The extra thickness of the varnish, as well as its appearance on the surface, are then evaluated for each enamelled wire.
• Standard characterization tests are then conducted to determine the properties essential of both types of winding wires. These are typically flexibility tests, thermal shock at 160 ° C. for 30 minutes, unidirectional abrasion and breakdown voltage.
• Table 3 combines both the structural characteristics of the two types of enamelled wires, as well as their characteristic properties.
• Example V Samples 9 and 10 both relate to polyamide imide (PAI) based compositions. They are respectively relative to a composition according to the invention, that is to say whose solvent mixture is provided with lactate, and a reference composition, that is to say whose solvent mixture is based only conventional solvents.
• PAI polyamide imide
• sample 9 begins with the introduction at 60 ° C. of 2420 g of N-methylpyrrolidone, 30.4 g of blocking agent, 836 g of trimellitic anhydride, 81 g of terephthalic acid and 580 g of solvent.
• Sample 10 is prepared by introducing at 60 ° C., 2420 g of N-methyl pyrrolidone, 30.4 g of blocking agent, 836 g of trimellitic anhydride, 81 g of terephthalic acid and 580 g of aromatic solvent (Solvesso 100). ) and 1258g of diphenyl methane diisocyanate.
• the reaction mixture is heated at 140 ° C. in 5 hours and the evolution of the reaction is monitored by measuring the viscosity and observing the evolution of CO 2 .
• the reactor is cooled by adding 1212 g of N-methyl pyrrolidone and 700 g of aromatic solvent (Solvesso 100).
• An enameling varnish of dry extract 30% and viscosity at 20 ° C. of 2820 mPa.s is then obtained.
• Table 13 summarizes the differences in compositions between the solvent mixtures of samples 9 and 10.
• Table 15 gathers both the structural characteristics of the two types of enamelled wires, as well as their specific properties.

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• 2004
  • 2004-08-30 FR FR0451933A patent/FR2874615B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2005
  • 2005-08-30 EP EP05797537A patent/EP1786874A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2005-08-30 US US11/660,189 patent/US20070248821A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2005-08-30 WO PCT/FR2005/050691 patent/WO2006027524A1/fr active Application Filing
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