EP1785679A1 - Vorrichtung zur Hochdruckgaserhitzung - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zur Hochdruckgaserhitzung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1785679A1
EP1785679A1 EP06000207A EP06000207A EP1785679A1 EP 1785679 A1 EP1785679 A1 EP 1785679A1 EP 06000207 A EP06000207 A EP 06000207A EP 06000207 A EP06000207 A EP 06000207A EP 1785679 A1 EP1785679 A1 EP 1785679A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure vessel
gas
heating
pressure
temperature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06000207A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Peter Heinrich
Heinrich Kreye
Tobias Schmidt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Priority to US12/091,942 priority Critical patent/US8249439B2/en
Priority to PCT/EP2006/010759 priority patent/WO2007054313A1/de
Priority to EP06828986A priority patent/EP1946012A1/de
Priority to JP2008539342A priority patent/JP5039049B2/ja
Publication of EP1785679A1 publication Critical patent/EP1785679A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/0052—Details for air heaters
    • F24H9/0057—Guiding means
    • F24H9/0063—Guiding means in air channels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/16—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed
    • B05B7/1606—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed the spraying of the material involving the use of an atomising fluid, e.g. air
    • B05B7/1613—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed the spraying of the material involving the use of an atomising fluid, e.g. air comprising means for heating the atomising fluid before mixing with the material to be sprayed
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/02—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of pressure only
    • C23C24/04—Impact or kinetic deposition of particles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/02—Casings; Cover lids; Ornamental panels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/14—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas designed for spraying particulate materials
    • B05B7/1481—Spray pistols or apparatus for discharging particulate material
    • B05B7/1486—Spray pistols or apparatus for discharging particulate material for spraying particulate material in dry state

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for high pressure gas heating, wherein the gas is heated in a pressurized container.
  • the invention relates to a device for high-pressure gas heating for a coating device for substrate materials with a gas-flowed pressure vessel, a heating element arranged in the pressure vessel and an insulation.
  • powder particles from 1 .mu.m to 100 .mu.m are accelerated in a gas stream to speeds of 200 m / s to 1600 m / s, without melting or fusing, and sprayed onto the surface to be coated, the substrate.
  • Only upon impact with the substrate does the temperature increase at the colliding interfaces due to plastic deformation under very high strain rates and leads to welding of the powder material to the substrate as well as to each other. For this, however, a minimum impact speed must be exceeded, the so-called critical speed.
  • the mechanism and quality of welding is comparable to explosive welding.
  • the particle temperature increases upon impact with the process gas temperature. This leads to a thermal softening and ductilization of the spray material, which lowers the critical velocity of the impacting particles.
  • raising the process gas temperature increases both particle velocity and particle temperature upon impact. Both have a positive effect on the order efficiency and coating quality.
  • the process gas temperature always remains below the melting temperature of the spray material used. In the cold gas spraying method, therefore, a "colder" gas is used in comparison to other spraying methods in which the powder particles are melted by the gas. As with fuel injection methods, in which filler metals are melted by hot gas, the gas also has to be heated during cold gas spraying.
  • gas at high pressure is necessary.
  • the gas can be passed through a pressure vessel in which a heating element takes place.
  • the pressure vessel is thus subjected to high temperatures and pressures from the inside. If the temperature can directly affect the pressure vessel, expensive or difficult-to-process high-temperature materials have to be used, or the pressure vessel becomes relatively heavy due to its size and the required wall thicknesses.
  • a heater with such a pressure vessel is difficult to handle because of the high weight and has a high thermal inertia. The heat dissipation via the pressure vessel leads to losses in the heat output.
  • the device for coating substrate materials comprises a device for heating the gas, which in one embodiment comprises an electrical resistance heater.
  • the device for heating the gas is arranged after a gas buffer container.
  • a disadvantage of this prior art is that the device for heating the gas requires a pressure vessel, which is relatively heavy because of its temperature resistance and, when it is attached to a spray gun, prevents the operation of the spray gun. Due to the necessary large material thicknesses of the pressure vessel, this is also thermally inert.
  • a device for high-pressure gas heating which comprises a gas-flowed pressure vessel, a heating element arranged in the pressure vessel and an insulation, wherein the insulation is arranged on the inner wall of the pressure vessel and means for heat dissipation of the pressure vessel are present, so that Pressure vessel has a lower temperature than the heated gas.
  • the high-pressure gas-heating apparatus releases gas with gas outlet temperatures of 100 to 1100 ° C, preferably 700 to 900 ° C.
  • gas outlet temperatures 100 to 1100 ° C, preferably 700 to 900 ° C.
  • only selected steels can be used for a limited time or special high-temperature materials, since otherwise softening of the material and deformation due to creep occurs and only a very low creep rupture strength of most materials is given.
  • the device for high-pressure gas heating gas heated from a pressure of 15 to 100 bar, in particular in the range of 25 to 60 bar a large amount of energy is transferred from the high-tension gas to the wall of the pressure vessel.
  • the inventive design of a device for high-pressure gas heating the energy transfer is reduced to the wall of the pressure vessel by the internally arranged insulation.
  • the temperature of the pressure vessel is reduced compared to the hot gas to 60% of the hot gas temperature, preferably to less than 40% and with appropriate design less than 20% of the temperature of the hot gas, measured in ° C.
  • the pressure vessel can therefore be designed with a significantly lower wall thickness and is lighter, so that the device for high-pressure gas heating can also be integrated into a spray gun. Due to the reduced heat transfer to the pressure vessel, the device for high-pressure gas heating is not thermally inert and reacts quickly when the temperature of the gas is to be changed. Next heat losses are avoided in continuous operation by the insulation on the inside of the pressure vessel.
  • On the outer surfaces of cooling fins may be formed.
  • the pressure vessel temperature is less than 600 ° C.
  • the pressure vessel may for example consist of steel and / or titanium or a titanium alloy.
  • pressure vessel temperature is reduced to less than 600 ° C by insulation and external heat dissipation, a pressure vessel with significantly lower wall thickness can be used when using a high-temperature material.
  • pressure vessels made of steel, titanium or titanium alloy can be used. Lowering the tank temperature further below 400 ° C results in a significant reduction in weight.
  • the pressure vessel temperature is less than 200 ° C.
  • the pressure vessel may be made of aluminum or aluminum alloys.
  • Aluminum is a not only lightweight, but also inexpensive construction possible.
  • a flow distribution element is arranged in an inflow region of the pressure vessel, which distributes the inflowing gas over the entire width of the heating element.
  • the flow distribution element may consist of a double cone or perforated disks, a grid, guide plates or a diverging inlet section.
  • Highly compressed gas has a high density and at the same flow cross section and same mass flow compared to non-compressed gas, a significantly lower flow velocity. Therefore, when using compressed gas under otherwise identical conditions, the flow resistance is significantly lower and the driving force for a uniform distribution of the gas over the entire flow cross section is missing. In order to ensure a uniform flow of the heating element, therefore, the gas flow through the flow distribution element is distributed evenly over the cross section of the pressure vessel.
  • the heating element consists of electrical heating wires.
  • Such a heating element in the form of a so-called filament heater is electrically heated and advantageously produces no combustion residues.
  • the heating wires on power supplies which are resistant to heat and have heat-resistant passages through the wall of the pressure vessel.
  • the device forms a replaceable unit with easily detachable connections for the gas supply and gas discharge.
  • the pressure vessel can be designed for pressures of 25 to 60 bar and the heating element can heat the gas to 700 ° C to 900 ° C.
  • the device for high-pressure gas heating then works in favorable for cold gas spraying temperature and pressure ranges.
  • Higher gas temperatures increase the speed of sound of the gas and thus the flow rate in a nozzle e.g. a coating device. Particles are accelerated more and bounce at a higher speed on a substrate to be coated. Also, the particle temperature at impact is higher.
  • the particle material is thermally softened and ductilised. Higher gas pressures lead to a higher gas density in the gas flow, and thus promote the acceleration of the particles, in particular the acceleration of coarser particles.
  • Coarser particles (25 to 100 ⁇ m in diameter) are very important for producing high-quality coatings.
  • the object is also achieved by a coating device for substrate materials in which at least one device for high-pressure gas heating is present.
  • One or more of the high-pressure gas-heating devices can be arranged in or on a spray gun and further can be arranged in a stationary part of the coating device, which are then connected in series via a hot gas hose to the spray gun.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically a device according to the invention as a rotationally symmetrical component in longitudinal section, which is used in the present example in a coating apparatus for cold gas spraying.
  • the pressure vessel 1 has on its inside an insulation 2.
  • a heating element 3 is arranged, here in the form of a filament heater, which consists of a plurality of electrical heating wires.
  • the gas to be heated is supplied to the pressure vessel 1 via a gas supply line 4.
  • the pressure vessel 1 is a rotationally symmetrical body, in which a double cone 5 lying in the gas stream indicated by the arrows ensures a uniform distribution of the gas over the cross section of the heating element 3.
  • the heated gas is led out of the pressure vessel 1 via a gas outlet 6.
  • the inventive device for high-pressure gas heating forms a standardized unit that is easily replaceable, z. B. in case of repair, or to arrange several consecutively.
  • the heating element 3 can be configured as easily replaceable heating cartridge. As a result, the heating element 3 can be easily replaced in case of repair.
  • the gas flows through the pressure vessel 1, wherein it is distributed uniformly over the cross section of the heating element 3 by the double cone 5, as shown by the arrows. Due to the internal insulation 2 is achieved that only a small amount of heat energy reaches the wall of the pressure vessel 1. At the same time heat of the pressure vessel 1 is discharged to the environment via the outer surface regions 7, so that the pressure vessel 1 is cooled and has a considerably lower temperature than the heated gas.
  • the pressure vessel 1 can therefore be relatively thin-walled and lightweight.
  • the design of the device for high pressure gas heating such as strength of the insulation, gas distribution, heating via heating wires allows for compact design and high power density reaching very high gas temperatures for a wide range of gas pressures.
  • FIGS. 2 to 6 schematically show further embodiments of the flow distribution element of the device according to the invention of FIG. 1 in longitudinal section.
  • Schematically illustrated is the front part of the pressure vessel 1 with the gas supply line
  • a perforated disc 10 is arranged so that it causes a uniform gas distribution, and in FIG Gas through a combination of double cone 5 and the perforated disc 10 distributed.
  • Fig. 6 shows an embodiment in which the pressure vessel 1 in the region which adjoins directly to the gas supply line 4, is designed as a divergent inlet section 11.
  • the high pressure gas heating apparatus of the present invention may also be used in other areas where high pressure gases must be heated, such as atomizing melts with hot gases.
  • the inventive device for high-pressure gas heating allows a compact design with length to diameter ratios between 1 and 5 and high power densities of 1 to 8 kW / kg at a high power volume of eg 5 to 25 kW / l.
  • the design of the device as a unit allows quick replacement of a defective high pressure gas heating device.
  • particularly favorable impact temperatures of the sprayed cold spray particles between 200 and 600 ° C can be achieved with high impact speed by gas temperatures of 600 to 1100 ° C, in particular from 800 to 1100 ° C can be very flexibly selected.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Pressure Vessels And Lids Thereof (AREA)
  • Direct Air Heating By Heater Or Combustion Gas (AREA)
EP06000207A 2005-11-10 2006-01-05 Vorrichtung zur Hochdruckgaserhitzung Withdrawn EP1785679A1 (de)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/091,942 US8249439B2 (en) 2005-11-10 2006-11-09 High-pressure gas heating device
PCT/EP2006/010759 WO2007054313A1 (de) 2005-11-10 2006-11-09 Vorrichtung zur hochdruckgaserhitzung
EP06828986A EP1946012A1 (de) 2005-11-10 2006-11-09 Vorrichtung zur hochdruckgaserhitzung
JP2008539342A JP5039049B2 (ja) 2005-11-10 2006-11-09 高圧ガス加熱装置

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005053731A DE102005053731A1 (de) 2005-11-10 2005-11-10 Vorrichtung zur Hochdruckgaserhitzung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1785679A1 true EP1785679A1 (de) 2007-05-16

Family

ID=36551042

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06000207A Withdrawn EP1785679A1 (de) 2005-11-10 2006-01-05 Vorrichtung zur Hochdruckgaserhitzung
EP06828986A Withdrawn EP1946012A1 (de) 2005-11-10 2006-11-09 Vorrichtung zur hochdruckgaserhitzung

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06828986A Withdrawn EP1946012A1 (de) 2005-11-10 2006-11-09 Vorrichtung zur hochdruckgaserhitzung

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US8249439B2 (enExample)
EP (2) EP1785679A1 (enExample)
JP (1) JP5039049B2 (enExample)
DE (1) DE102005053731A1 (enExample)
WO (1) WO2007054313A1 (enExample)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012000816A1 (de) 2012-01-17 2013-07-18 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum thermischen Spritzen
EP2618070A1 (de) * 2012-01-17 2013-07-24 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Gasheizvorrichtung, Gasheizeinrichtung sowie Anordnung zum thermischen Spritzen mit zugehörigem Verfahren
CN112146271A (zh) * 2020-09-24 2020-12-29 中海石油(中国)有限公司 一种超高压换热系统

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DE102006014124A1 (de) 2006-03-24 2007-09-27 Linde Ag Kaltgasspritzpistole
US8343450B2 (en) 2007-10-09 2013-01-01 Chemnano Materials, Ltd. Functionalized carbon nanotubes, recovery of radionuclides and separation of actinides and lanthanides
DE102008026032A1 (de) 2008-05-30 2009-12-03 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Kaltgasspritzanlage und Verfahren zum Kaltgasspritzen
US8192799B2 (en) 2008-12-03 2012-06-05 Asb Industries, Inc. Spray nozzle assembly for gas dynamic cold spray and method of coating a substrate with a high temperature coating
DE102009009474B4 (de) 2009-02-19 2014-10-30 Sulzer Metco Ag Gasspritzanlage und Verfahren zum Gasspritzen
EP2992123B1 (en) * 2013-05-03 2018-10-10 United Technologies Corporation Cold spray material deposition system with gas heater and method of operating such
DE102014010439A1 (de) * 2014-07-16 2016-01-21 IMPACT-Innovations-GmbH Kaltgasspritzvorrichtung
CN106288375A (zh) * 2016-09-13 2017-01-04 成都聚智工业设计有限公司 一种热风机
EP3677702B1 (en) * 2019-01-07 2023-06-14 Rolls-Royce plc Method of spray coating
US12313297B2 (en) * 2020-01-27 2025-05-27 Lexmark International, Inc. Thin-walled tube heater for fluid
US12416562B2 (en) * 2020-08-06 2025-09-16 Gongam Sensors Co., Ltd. Light-scattering fine dust measurement apparatus

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE511895C (de) * 1927-04-05 1930-11-03 Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges Elektrischer Winderhitzer
US1869623A (en) * 1930-12-03 1932-08-02 Rubini Eligio Electric heating apparatus
EP0099825A1 (fr) * 1982-07-19 1984-02-01 FIVES-CAIL BABCOCK, Société anonyme Générateur électrique de gaz chaud
US4490333A (en) * 1982-10-28 1984-12-25 Exxon Research And Engineering Co. Anchor for refractory lining
FR2568672A1 (fr) * 1984-08-06 1986-02-07 Bertin & Cie Procede et dispositif de rechauffage de gaz par effet joule.
US5963709A (en) * 1997-05-13 1999-10-05 Micropyretics Heaters International, Inc. Hot air blower having two porous materials and gap therebetween
DE19756594A1 (de) 1997-12-18 1999-06-24 Linde Ag Heißgaserzeugung beim thermischen Spritzen

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012000816A1 (de) 2012-01-17 2013-07-18 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum thermischen Spritzen
EP2617868A1 (de) 2012-01-17 2013-07-24 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum thermischen Spritzen
EP2618070A1 (de) * 2012-01-17 2013-07-24 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Gasheizvorrichtung, Gasheizeinrichtung sowie Anordnung zum thermischen Spritzen mit zugehörigem Verfahren
US9365918B2 (en) 2012-01-17 2016-06-14 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Method and apparatus for thermal spraying
CN112146271A (zh) * 2020-09-24 2020-12-29 中海石油(中国)有限公司 一种超高压换热系统
CN112146271B (zh) * 2020-09-24 2022-02-25 中海石油(中国)有限公司 一种超高压换热系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2009515132A (ja) 2009-04-09
WO2007054313A1 (de) 2007-05-18
US20090226156A1 (en) 2009-09-10
EP1946012A1 (de) 2008-07-23
US8249439B2 (en) 2012-08-21
DE102005053731A1 (de) 2007-05-24
JP5039049B2 (ja) 2012-10-03

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