EP1776735A1 - Empfangsantennensystem mit mehreren aktiven antennen - Google Patents
Empfangsantennensystem mit mehreren aktiven antennenInfo
- Publication number
- EP1776735A1 EP1776735A1 EP05772844A EP05772844A EP1776735A1 EP 1776735 A1 EP1776735 A1 EP 1776735A1 EP 05772844 A EP05772844 A EP 05772844A EP 05772844 A EP05772844 A EP 05772844A EP 1776735 A1 EP1776735 A1 EP 1776735A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- individual
- antenna
- impedance
- antennas
- antenna system
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/30—Combinations of separate antenna units operating in different wavebands and connected to a common feeder system
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/40—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
Definitions
- the invention relates to a Erapfangsantemensystem with several active antennas.
- Active receiver antennas have no interfaces with a constant characteristic impedance between passive antenna structure and active electronic elements, for example impedance converters and amplifier elements. With passive antennas, these interfaces must be adapted to the characteristic impedance of a common line with regard to their characteristic impedance in the useful frequency range. The bandwidth of the entire Empfangsantenn ⁇ n- system is thus undesirably reduced.
- the respective electrical antenna height to avoid deformed Antennen ⁇ diagrams - "aufzipfelte antenna diagrams" - adapted to the respective receiving frequency range of the individual antenna, so can from a plurality Operaempfangsfre ⁇ frequency ranges of the individual antennas composite broadband total receiving frequency range of the receiving antenna system.
- the shortening of the electrical antenna height of the individual antenna can be done electrically by impedance elements, for example, a parallel circuit of inductance and ohmic resistance, are arranged at certain heights of the individual antenna.
- the inductor bypasses the resistor at low receive frequencies, while at high receive frequencies the resistor is effective.
- a receiving antenna system consisting of several active individual antennas is disclosed in DE 34 37 727 Al. at The disclosed receiving antenna means that the individual antennas are positioned at greater distances - up to a few 100 meters from each other.
- the mutual elektro ⁇ magnetic couplings of the individual antennas which worsen the directivity, the efficiency and the antenna gain of the receiving antenna system, are negligible in such an arrangement. If, on the other hand, a much more compact implementation of a receiving antenna system with spatial distances of the individual antennas in the order of magnitude of a few centimeters is desired, then these mutual electromagnetic couplings of the individual antennas can no longer be neglected.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a receiving antenna system with a plurality of active, slightly spaced individual antennas having a high bandwidth.
- the currents in the individual antennas are decoupled from the electromagnetic couplings as a function of the frequency of the reception by the individual current-influencing parameters of the receiving antenna system.
- the individual antennas of the receiving antenna system according to the invention are therefore by optimizing the current-influencing parameters of the receiving antenna system - frequency-dependent electrical antenna height (impedance elements on the radiators), antenna diameter, antenna spacings and input impedance of the active devisitherlektroniken - in view of minimized elelicromcgnetii ⁇ cli * - anions of the eimels ante out.
- a suitable influencing of the electromagnetic couplings between the individual antennas and an optimization of the efficiency of the overall arrangement is effected by suitably dimensioning the input impedances of the individual base-point electronics outside the useful frequency range of the respective individual antenna.
- Fig. 1 a three-dimensional representation of the receiving antenna system according to the invention
- Fig. 2 shows a basic arrangement of the receiving antenna system according to the invention
- FIG 3 shows a top view of the geometry of the passive antenna region of the receiving antenna system according to the invention and FIG FiO. J sin electrical- Elocj: ⁇ ciialt, bilö the inventive receiving antenna system.
- the receiving antenna system according to the invention in FIG. 1 and in Fig. 2 consists of several individual antennas 2 X , 2 2 , ..., 2 N in the minimum configuration of two individual antennas 2 X and 2 second These individual antennas 2 1? 2 2 ,..., 2 H are applied as conductor strips on a printed circuit board 3.
- the ⁇ nntennenempfangsystem 1 has for the single antenna with the largest mechanical antenna height, which receives the long-wave transmission signal, an extension 4.
- the circuit board 3 with the individual antennas 2 lf 2 2 , ..., 2 H is of a plastic, not shown in Fig. 1 surrounded for protection.
- Each individual antenna 2 1 , 2 2 ,... / 2 H has in each case a mechanical antenna height L 1 , L 2 ,..., L N and in each case an antenna diameter d ⁇ l d 2 ,.
- the individual antennas 2 i; 2 2 ,..., 2 M each have a plurality of interconnect sections 1 .mu.v , which are interconnected via impedance elements Z .mu.v .
- the individual impedance elements Z ⁇ > v consist of a circuit which has a very low impedance value at low reception frequencies and ideally closes the two adjoining track sections l ⁇ v and l ⁇ , v + 1 in the event of a convergence to zero reception frequency.
- the circuit has a high real part of the impedance, which in the ideal case of an infinitely high reception frequency as a pure resistance, the current flow between the adjacent conductor sections l ⁇ ; and l ⁇ / V + 1 suppresses and thus the electrically effective antenna height of the single antenna 2 ⁇ reduced.
- Au r this example is e r possible durcJ ⁇ appropriate Parametrie ⁇ mg eilIe " respective individual antenna 2 ⁇ associated impedance elements 2, ,, v and their. Posi ⁇ tioning on the individual antenna 2 ⁇ the electrically effective antenna height of the respective individual antenna 2 ⁇ to adjust 2 ⁇ optimal antenna height for the respective receive frequency range of the single antenna. Characteristic for the realization of such a frequency-dependent Impedanz ⁇ the individual impedance elements Z ⁇ v, for example, in a known manner by a connection of an inductance L Parallel ⁇ ⁇ v and an ohmic Wider ⁇ prior ⁇ v R realized. This impedance elements Z ⁇ v may be either discrete or continuous as correspondingly formed circuit traces on the individual antennas 2 l7 2 2, ..., 2 H be distributed.
- the respective individual antennas 2 ⁇ and 2 V are arranged on the circuit board 3 at a distance of D ⁇ v , which is typically a few centimeters.
- the respective base points X 5, 5 2, ..., 5 N of the respective passive Antennen ⁇ areas S 1, 6 2, ..., 6 N of the individual antennas 2 X 2 2, ..., 2M are connected to the active devisitherlektroniken V 1 , 7 2 , ..., 7 N , spielnem amplifier elements and / or impedance converter, electrically coupled.
- the passive antenna regions O 1 , 6 2 ,..., 6 W can be embodied in all radiator structures, such as monopolies, dipoles, etc.
- I x , I 2 , ..., I n is an impedance conversion, gain and coarse filtering - by the frequency response of each individual antenna - in the passive antenna areas 6 ⁇ 1 S 2 , ..., 6 ⁇ of the individual antennas 2 1 , 2 2 , ..., 2 N each carried received transmission signals effet ⁇ .
- phase equalization in the individual phase matching networks S 1 , 8 2 ,..., 8 becomes equal to the frequency deviation of the one- ⁇ -interlaced b ⁇ Vc Optimized so far that a maximum Phasenabweicliung two received Ubertra.gungssigna.le of 90 ° may occur.
- phase matching networks S 1 , 8 2 ,..., 8 N After the phase equalization in the phase matching networks S 1 , 8 2 ,..., 8 N , a band limitation and a summary of the individual transmission signals received in the individual antennas 2 1 , 2 2 ,..., 2 N takes place in the subsequent crossover 9 a single total receive signal having a total receive bandwidth corresponding to the sum of all individual receive subfrequency ranges of the individual antennas 2 1 , 2 2 , ..., 2 N.
- a portion of the two printed on a printed circuit board 3 passive antenna areas O 1 and 6 2 of the individual antennas 2 1 and 2 2 of the minimum configuration of an antenna receiving system 1 for each of a lower and upper part receiving frequency range is shown to illustrate the geometric antenna optimization.
- They each consist of the conductor track sections 1 1 (1 , 1 1
- the Single antenna 2 1 designed to receive higher-frequency transmission signals shorter than the length L, the individual antenna 2 2 for the reception of low-frequency transmission signals
- the antenna diameter d 1 of the single antenna 2 1 for the reception of higher-frequency transmission signals according to the invention designed significantly larger than the antenna diameter d 2 of the individual antenna 2 2 for the reception of relatively low-frequency transmission signals.
- Fig. 4 the minimal configuration of the individual antennas of Fig. 3 with the single antenna 2 1 for receiving high-frequency transmission signals and the individual antenna 2 2 for receiving relatively low-frequency transmission signals is shown to illustrate the electrical optimization.
- the input impedance ofticiantician ⁇ electronics I 1 of the single antenna 2 ⁇ which has a lower antenna height for reception in the upper frequency range, according to the invention has a lower value at low reception frequencies.
- Fig. 4 also shows that the inductors L, v in the individual impedance elements Z 2 v in receiving higher-frequency transmission signals are high impedance and in combination with the resistors on the individual conductor sections l, _ v of the single antenna 2 2 similar to a ferritized Act ladder. High-frequency currents are consequently suppressed on the individual antenna 2, thus: no coupling takes place with the adjacent individual antenna 2 X.
- the inductances L of the impedance elements are 2jV Z 2 ⁇ the individual antenna 2 2 low-resistance and do not result in suppression of the currents on the individual conductor track sections 1 2 _ V of the individual antenna 2 ,.
- the input impedance 10 2 of the base-point electronics I 2 has a high-impedance capacitive input impedance over the entire operating frequency range.
- the input impedance 1O 2 consists of a parallel connection of a high-resistance resistor R E2 and a capacitor C E2 with a very small capacitance.
- all the impedance elements Z 1 V in the individual antenna 2 ⁇ and all impedance elements Z 2 V in the individual antenna 2 2 perform not only the function of frequenz ⁇ dependent electrical shortening of the respective Anten ⁇ nenage, but on changing their impedance Z ljV on the individual antenna 2 X the current I 1 in the individual antenna 2 1 and change in their Schein ⁇ resistance Z 2 _v affect the current I 2 on the individual antenna 2 2 specific frequency dependent on the individual antenna 2 2, and thus also the degree of coupling between the two Minimize individual antennas 2 ⁇ and 2 2 .
- the input impedances 10 1 , 10 2 ,..., 10 N of the foot-dot electronics 7 1 , 7 2 ,..., 7 N are, in addition to the above-mentioned designs, also opposite to Foot pi ⁇ JiLiLinpedc. ⁇ i 1 ; the respective passive antenna range 6
- the egg invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment.
- other antenna geometries and other sonicities of the impedance elements and other input circuits of the pedestals are covered by the invention.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Details Of Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102004039439A DE102004039439A1 (de) | 2004-08-13 | 2004-08-13 | Empfangsantennensystem mit mehreren aktiven Antennen |
PCT/EP2005/007554 WO2006018079A1 (de) | 2004-08-13 | 2005-07-12 | Empfangsantennensystem mit mehreren aktiven antennen |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1776735A1 true EP1776735A1 (de) | 2007-04-25 |
EP1776735B1 EP1776735B1 (de) | 2008-02-20 |
Family
ID=34980070
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP05772844A Active EP1776735B1 (de) | 2004-08-13 | 2005-07-12 | Empfangsantennensystem mit mehreren aktiven antennen |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7456800B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1776735B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP4886688B2 (de) |
DE (2) | DE102004039439A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2006018079A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100848038B1 (ko) * | 2007-02-14 | 2008-07-23 | 주식회사 이엠따블유안테나 | 다중대역 안테나 |
WO2008120757A1 (ja) * | 2007-03-29 | 2008-10-09 | Kyocera Corporation | 携帯無線機 |
US20100013731A1 (en) * | 2008-07-21 | 2010-01-21 | Harold James Kittel | Coaxial cable dipole antenna for high frequency applications |
EP3091610B1 (de) * | 2015-05-08 | 2021-06-23 | TE Connectivity Germany GmbH | Antennensystem und antennenmodul mit verminderter interferenz zwischen strahlungsmustern |
Family Cites Families (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2898590A (en) * | 1953-03-25 | 1959-08-04 | Johnson Co E F | Multi-frequency antenna |
FR2238257B1 (de) * | 1973-07-18 | 1977-08-12 | Lignes Telegraph Telephon | |
US3961331A (en) | 1975-05-21 | 1976-06-01 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Lossy cable choke broadband isolation means for independent antennas |
US4138681A (en) * | 1977-08-29 | 1979-02-06 | Motorola, Inc. | Portable radio antenna |
JPS5513524A (en) * | 1978-07-13 | 1980-01-30 | Denki Kogyo Kk | Medium wave antenna for multi-wave |
DE3437727C2 (de) * | 1984-10-15 | 1994-01-13 | Lindenmeier Heinz | Empfangs-Antennenanlage für Mehrfach-Antennendiagramme |
JPS61154202A (ja) * | 1984-11-27 | 1986-07-12 | Toyota Motor Corp | 自動車用アンテナ装置 |
JPS62188507A (ja) * | 1986-02-14 | 1987-08-18 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | アンテナ装置 |
DE3822081A1 (de) * | 1988-06-30 | 1990-01-04 | Inst Rundfunktechnik Gmbh | Empfangsantenne fuer ultrakurze wellen |
US5600335A (en) | 1994-12-21 | 1997-02-04 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | High-power broadband antenna |
JPH0946259A (ja) * | 1995-08-02 | 1997-02-14 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | アンテナ装置 |
FI990395A (fi) * | 1999-02-24 | 2000-08-25 | Nokia Networks Oy | Laitteisto antennien keskinäisten häiriöiden vaimentamiseksi |
US6429821B1 (en) | 1999-10-12 | 2002-08-06 | Shakespeare Company | Low profile, broad band monopole antenna with inductive/resistive networks |
FR2802711B1 (fr) * | 1999-12-20 | 2003-04-04 | Univ Rennes | Procede de decouplage d'antennes au sein d'un systeme d'antennes co-localisees, capteur et applications correspondants |
US6920315B1 (en) | 2000-03-22 | 2005-07-19 | Ericsson Inc. | Multiple antenna impedance optimization |
US6570544B2 (en) * | 2001-05-08 | 2003-05-27 | Litton Systems, Inc. | Radiator components that serve to transmit information over frequencies in range with one or more octaves less than or equal to thirty megahertz and that comprise major dimension less than or equal to nine meters |
JP2002368536A (ja) * | 2001-06-12 | 2002-12-20 | Harada Ind Co Ltd | アンテナ装置 |
DE10304911B4 (de) * | 2003-02-06 | 2014-10-09 | Heinz Lindenmeier | Kombinationsantennenanordnung für mehrere Funkdienste für Fahrzeuge |
-
2004
- 2004-08-13 DE DE102004039439A patent/DE102004039439A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2005
- 2005-07-12 JP JP2007525195A patent/JP4886688B2/ja active Active
- 2005-07-12 EP EP05772844A patent/EP1776735B1/de active Active
- 2005-07-12 DE DE502005002935T patent/DE502005002935D1/de active Active
- 2005-07-12 US US10/577,411 patent/US7456800B2/en active Active
- 2005-07-12 WO PCT/EP2005/007554 patent/WO2006018079A1/de active IP Right Grant
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2006018079A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2008509616A (ja) | 2008-03-27 |
US20070268196A1 (en) | 2007-11-22 |
EP1776735B1 (de) | 2008-02-20 |
DE502005002935D1 (de) | 2008-04-03 |
WO2006018079A1 (de) | 2006-02-23 |
US7456800B2 (en) | 2008-11-25 |
JP4886688B2 (ja) | 2012-02-29 |
DE102004039439A1 (de) | 2006-02-23 |
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