EP1776713A2 - Source de lumiere et procede de stabilisation mecanique du filament ou de l'electrode d'une source de lumiere - Google Patents

Source de lumiere et procede de stabilisation mecanique du filament ou de l'electrode d'une source de lumiere

Info

Publication number
EP1776713A2
EP1776713A2 EP05768095A EP05768095A EP1776713A2 EP 1776713 A2 EP1776713 A2 EP 1776713A2 EP 05768095 A EP05768095 A EP 05768095A EP 05768095 A EP05768095 A EP 05768095A EP 1776713 A2 EP1776713 A2 EP 1776713A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
light source
filament
electrode
source according
coating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05768095A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Gerhard K. Wolf
Frank Friess
Georg Schwarz
Adalbert Kovacs
Axel Bunk
Georg Rosenbauer
Matthias Damm
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
IP2H AG
Osram GmbH
Original Assignee
IP2H AG
Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by IP2H AG, Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH filed Critical IP2H AG
Publication of EP1776713A2 publication Critical patent/EP1776713A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K1/00—Details
    • H01K1/02—Incandescent bodies
    • H01K1/04—Incandescent bodies characterised by the material thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K1/00—Details
    • H01K1/02—Incandescent bodies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K3/00—Apparatus or processes adapted to the manufacture, installing, removal, or maintenance of incandescent lamps or parts thereof
    • H01K3/02—Manufacture of incandescent bodies

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a light source with a heatable filament or an electrode, wherein the filament or the electrode is arranged in a piston or in a tube. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for mechanically stabilizing the filament or the electrode of a light source.
  • Light sources of the type in question have long been known from practice and exist in a variety of embodiments.
  • electric incandescent lamps, electric halogen incandescent lamps and electric discharge lamps in low-pressure or high-pressure versions as well as electric light-emitting diodes are known.
  • the light sources are based on the glow emission, the impact excitation of gases or a luminescence effect, for example in the case of luminescent tubes.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object to provide a light source of the aforementioned type and a method, according to which a far-reaching use of the light source is made possible even in harsh operating conditions.
  • the above object is achieved by a light source having the features of patent claim 1 and by a method having the features of patent claim 18. Thereafter, the light source of the type mentioned is configured and further developed such that the filament or the electrode at least partially has a mechanical stabilization.
  • the filament or the electrode for solving the object in question is provided with mechanical stabilization at least in regions.
  • an at least be ⁇ rich mechanical stabilization can be generated. The sensitivity of the light source to shock and vibration is significantly reduced.
  • a light source is specified with the light source according to the invention, according to which a far-reaching use of the light source is made possible even in rough conditions of use with strong vibrations and shocks.
  • the stabilization can be produced in a particularly advantageous manner in the region of the exit of the filament or the electrode from the bulb or the tube. Stabilization only in this specific area is usually sufficient.
  • the stabilization may be generated in the area of electrical supply of the filament or the electrode.
  • the im Operation glowing part for example, a filament is often formed by an incandescent filament.
  • the stabilization can be outside this filament range, namely in the area of the electrical supply of the filament or the electrode.
  • the stabilization can be formed by a coating or deposition on the filament or the electrode.
  • several techniques can be used, all of which ensure a high mechanical stabilization.
  • the coating or deposition can be produced galvanically.
  • an electrolyte droplet can be applied to the region of the filament or the electrode to be stabilized, the filament serving as the cathode.
  • a thin inserted metal wire can serve as the anode of this galvanic Minianssen.
  • a suitable deposition voltage it is possible, for example, to deposit copper or nickel as local convector.
  • a chemical vapor deposition - CVD - done As a further coating technique, a chemical vapor deposition - CVD - done.
  • carbon can be applied to the filament or the electrode. Since the region of the filament or the electrode to be stabilized has a lower temperature than the glowing part when burning the light source, a hydrocarbon compound in the hotter region can be decomposed and deposited as carbon in the colder region away from a filament with optimized temperature distribution and gas conduction , A light source formed in this way is stable in comparison with conventional light sources even at twice the g values or acceleration values when the filament or the electrode is subjected to impact.
  • the coating or deposition could be produced by means of an organic covalent or organometallic chemical vapor deposition-MO-CVD.
  • metal deposition can also be produced on the same principle.
  • a process gas which is subjected to thermal decomposition, it is possible to use either inorganic covalent compounds, for example metal chlorides or metal fluorides, or organometallic compounds such as, for example, titanium tetrachloride for titanium deposition, metal hexacarbonyl for chromium, molybdenum or tungsten deposition and ferrocenes are used for iron separation.
  • inorganic covalent compounds for example metal chlorides or metal fluorides
  • organometallic compounds such as, for example, titanium tetrachloride for titanium deposition, metal hexacarbonyl for chromium, molybdenum or tungsten deposition and ferrocenes are used for iron separation.
  • metals or their organometallic compounds as coating or deposition material conceivable here.
  • the stabilization can be produced by exposing the filament or the electrode during heating to a brief one-time or multiple pulsed gas pressure increase by means of a noble gas.
  • Such a treatment of the filament or the electrode with a short-term noble gas pulse may in particular take place during or immediately after a synthesis or production of the filament or the electrode in which the filament or the electrode is already arranged in the bulb or in the tube.
  • a manufacturing or synthesis structure it is particularly easy to set the gas atmosphere around the filament or the electrode by selective gas supply.
  • tantalum is used as the starting material. This starting material is then subjected to carburization at 3,000 to 3,300K. Starting Ta, Ta 2 C and subsequently TaC are generated. In the surrounding the starting material gas atmosphere are used as gases CH 4 + a small amount of H 2 at a gas pressure of about 0.1 to 10 mbar. The synthesis takes about five to six minutes. Carbon deposition has a pressure of about 10 to 50 mbar.
  • the noble gas pulse treatment is carried out at about 3,000 to 3,150 K. The pressure in the noble gas treatment is preferably about 20 mbar.
  • the usual strength values, according to which stability is still present up to a load of 100 g to 200 g, can be increased to more than 2000 g.
  • the light source stabilized according to the invention remains intact even when subjected to a shock load of more than 2000 g.
  • the pulse-like increase in gas pressure may take about 10 to 20 seconds. This shows the best possible stabilization of the filament or the electrode.
  • a gas pressure of about 15 to 25 mbar is advantageous.
  • the gas pressure may be about 20 mbar.
  • noble gases are helium and argon.
  • other noble gases for example neon or krypton or xenon.
  • the filament or the electrode may comprise tantalum carbide or consist of tantalum carbide.
  • the above object is achieved by a method for the mechanical stabilization of the filament or the electrode of a light source having the features of patent claim 18. Thereafter, the stabilization is produced by the fact that the filament or the electrode is heated during a heating of a single or multiple short-term pulse like gas pressure increase is exposed by means of a noble gas or that the stabilization is formed by a coating or deposition.
  • the filament or the electrode can be exposed to a constant noble gas flow or pressure after the short-term one or more pulse-like gas pressure increase.
  • the gas pressure increase can last for about 10 to 20 seconds.
  • the gas pressure increase can be effected by means of a gas pressure of about 15 to 25 mbar, preferably about 20 mbar.
  • noble gas helium or argon can be used, although other noble gases such as neon, krypton or xenon are conceivable.
  • the heating during the brief pulse-like gas pressure increase can take place via an ohmic heating process, with current flowing through the filament or the electrode.
  • both a short-term pulse-like increase in gas pressure can be effected in a particularly advantageous manner, to which the filament or the electrode is exposed during heating, as well as a coating or deposition on the filament or the electrode.
  • a combined effect for stabilizing the light source can be achieved.
  • the effect of increasing the stability by treating the filament or electrode with a momentary pulsed gas pressure increase could be explained by a reduction of hydrogen embrittlement in the leads of the filament or electrode by dilution of the gas atmosphere.
  • the effect could also be explained by a marginal surface decarburization in the feeders, which could result in a very thin, outer and mechanically stabilizing tantalum sheath in a tantalum carbide filament.
  • the pulsation could produce a strong dynamic temperature gradient in the leads of the filament or the electrode, which could result in a shift of the predetermined breaking point into the glass body or glass base of a bulb or tube.
  • metal deposits can also be used to introduce catalytically active metals into the light source bulb or into the light source tube. This allows a targeted influencing of the gas phase chemistry in the burning light source in a desired direction.
  • the invention is intended to reduce the brittleness of filaments or electrodes, in particular in the case of lamps which use carbide such as TaC for this purpose.
  • Filament and electrode are collectively referred to as bulbs, for an incandescent lamp or discharge lamp.
  • the luminous body is integrally connected to an internal power supply, which extends into the glass of the piston.
  • the outlets of the luminous means, for example of the TaC filament, in the region of the pinch edge or the helix suspension or helical welding in the frame usually still consist of the brittle Ta 2 C phase or of the not yet carburized pure Ta phase.
  • a bonding of the Ta material with the quartz glass (such as when crushing).
  • the Ta filament undergoes an increase in volume by 21% through phase transformation to TaC. This circumstance may lead to breakage or at least increase in resistance at the pinch edge if the connection to the quartz glass is too strong.
  • Another advantage in lamp operation proves to be the gain of the cold outlets, where usually the Halogenfrhin or other chemical reactions of other embrittling Bigas beautician (hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, etc.) take place.
  • the filament in lamps without frame, ie lamps in which the coil and the inner power supply are integral, are stabilized, wherein the wire from which the coil is formed, welded directly to the film is, and wherein a stabilizing aid not only in the cold state, but also during the burning time mechanically and with respect to the electrical characteristics, in particular with regard to possible changes in resistance, stabilizing effect.
  • Stabilization is a coating, a helix, but preferably a suitable combination of both.
  • the coating spiral or the coating tube is made of harnessschmelzen ⁇ the metal.
  • the melting point of the metal should be at least 1900 ° C., preferred material being W, Mo, carbon, Ta, Ru, Hf, Os.
  • the length of the coating should at most equal the length of the internal power supply lines inside the piston. A typical length is 5% of the length of the internal power supply lines, preferably a value of 3 to 15% of this length.
  • electrode is meant here a particularly massive internal power supply, which holds the coiled filament, the filament.
  • the fracture critical area is the transition from TaC filament to helix / helical weld on the electrode.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of an embodiment of a light source according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 to 7 in each case schematic views of further embodiments of a light source according to the invention.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic side view of an embodiment of a light source according to the invention.
  • the light source has a heatable filament 1, which is arranged in a piston 2.
  • the filament 1 has mechanical stabilization in certain areas. The stabilization is formed in the region of an electrical feed 3 of the filament 1 by a galvanic deposition 4.
  • a coating by means of chemical vapor deposition - CVD - could be generated.
  • the deposition 4 is formed in the region of the exit of the filament 1 from a glass base 5 of the piston 2. This portion of the filament 1 is most sensitive to handling of the light source with respect to filament 1 breakage.
  • the filament 1 consists in the present embodiment of tantalum carbide.
  • the electrical contacting of the filament 1 takes place via electrical contacts 6 and 7.
  • a noble gas As a noble gas, helium or argon can preferably be used here.
  • FIG. 2 shows a halogen incandescent lamp with a piston 10 and a pinch seal 11.
  • a coil 12 is arranged axially as a luminous element. It has internal power supply lines 13, which are attached integrally to the coil ends.
  • the material is TaC.
  • Over a length of about 5% of the length of the power supply 13 in the piston extends as coarse mechanical coating means a coating spiral or spiral 14 of W. This extends into the pinch and stabilizes the power supply.
  • the outer end of the inner power supply is connected to a film 15 in the pinch 11 of the piston. From the pinch 11 rage outside massive power supply lines 17 to the outside.
  • a coating 18 made of carbon or else metal by means of CVD is attached, as it were, as fine-mechanical support, for further stabilization. It is typically up to 30 microns thick in the center and extends at least over a length of 2 mm in the area of the inner power supply, which is not supported by the Kochs ⁇ helix. In addition, it also extends to a part of the coating helix itself. In this way, the risk of breakage in the region of the edge between the end of the coating helix and the internal, exposed current supply is optimally supported.
  • a Bech of at least 2 mm is coated on the coating spiral. As a result, not only the support effect, but also the electrical contact is improved.
  • FIG. 3 A further embodiment is shown in Figure 3. This corresponds substantially to the embodiment of Figure 2, but the coating is formed by a tube 20 which extends over a length of about 10% of the length of the inner stroke in the piston. Otherwise, the structure is similar to that in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 shows an exemplary embodiment in which the supporting coating 21 extends relatively far over almost the entire length of the integral inner power supply 22.
  • the coating 24 extends away from the end of the tube toward the luminous element 23.
  • the length of the coating in the pinch is about 0.5 to 3 mm, preferably 0.5 to 1.5 mm.
  • the length of the inner power supply on the film is advantageously 1 to 3 mm.
  • FIG. 5 shows a detail of a halogen incandescent lamp which has separate, in particular massive, molybdenum frame wires as internal power supply lines 25. Such lamps are used in particular for photo-optical purposes.
  • the luminous element 26 made of HfC is clamped between the bent-back legs 27 of the two frame wires. In this case, no support spiral is necessary as a supportive coating.
  • the coating consists of carbon or metal and extends to the so-called helical outlets, that is to say the uncoiled ends of the helix, in particular to a zone in the vicinity of the contact with the housing.
  • the stabilization can also be done by inert gas. In this case, as shown, no coating is necessary.
  • FIG. 6 A similar construction is shown in FIG. 6, where the helical outlets 30 are welded onto the solid frame wires 31. Again, the coating is about 2 mm in both directions, seen from the contact point 32.
  • the stabilization can also be done by inert gas. In this case, as shown, no coating is needed.
  • Figure 7 shows an embodiment in which the frame wire is made of two solid separate parts.
  • the reaching into the bruise outer part 35 is made of molybdenum. It is bent outwards.
  • the inner part 37 extending to the TaC helix 36 is made of a different material, preferably Ta or Nb. This inner part is again the actual holder for the helical outlets 38.
  • the holder of the helical departure again takes place by means of clamping as illustrated or even by welding.
  • a terminal part of the helix over a length of at least 1 mm, starting from the contact point 32 in the direction of helix, coated with metal, such as rhenium, osmium, iridium or ruthenium.
  • the coating may also extend in the direction of the frame, preferably at least 1 to 3 mm wide.
  • the stabilization can also be done by inert gas. In this case, as shown, no coating is needed.
  • In burning lamps with a metal carbide filament usually Gukagemische be used by which a carbon cycle process er ⁇ is made possible.
  • One possibility is, for example, the addition of carbon and hydrogen to the filling gas, see, for example, US Pat. No. 2,596,469.
  • Particularly suitable materials in this case are rhenium, osmium, iridium or ruthenium. These materials extract far less carbon from the gas phase than, say, tungsten or molybdenum, or dissolve less hydrogen than, say, tantalum and zirconium (which are often referred to in the literature as hydrogen getters).
  • the coating spiral protrudes only a few mm out of the pinch as described for a preferred embodiment, and if a carbon cycle is implemented in the lamp, it can preferably also be made of tungsten or molybdenum, because at low temperatures Quetsch ⁇ edge carbon is dissolved only very slowly in the metal and said materials of the gas phase hydrogen ent withdraw only to a comparatively small extent.
  • the metals rhenium, osmium, iridium or ruthenium are particularly suitable for this, since when these metals are used The gas phase during operation of the lamp only little carbon is removed. Another advantage of using these metals is that they significantly slow the uptake of hydrogen by the non-carburized tantalum near the pinch edge. As a result, the hydrogen partial pressure in the lamps is more stable than in the case of a continuous strong hydrogen termination near the pinch edge.
  • the outlets of the helix are thus coated with one of the metals rhenium, osmium, iridium or ruthenium up to the luminous body, whereas the coating helix made of molybdenum or tungsten only a few mm from the pinch edge protrudes.
  • the metallic deposition it is also possible to use a C deposition, which extends to near the luminous body.
  • the application WO 002004107391 A1 describes how, by using oxygen-containing additives for the filling gas, a positive effect with regard to the avoidance of piston blackening or an increase in the service life can be achieved.
  • the favorable effect of the oxygen can be further enhanced if, in the colder areas at temperatures usually around 150 0 C to 400 0 C metals such as iron, cobalt, nickel or molybdenum used. These metals probably act as catalysts in the sense of Fischer-Tropsch reactions, with the carbon monoxide on the catalyst reacting with hydrogen to form hydrocarbons and water. As a result, the otherwise very stable carbon monoxide molecule is decomposed again and both carbon and oxygen are fed back into the reaction process.
  • the hydrocarbon decomposes on its way to the luminous body with the release of carbon, which can be re-attached to the luminous body.
  • the released oxygen already reacts with the carbon transported by the luminous body to form carbon monoxide. Since this reaction - in contrast to the reaction of the carbon with the hydrogen - already proceeds at much higher temperatures, a blackening of the piston is thus even more effectively prevented.
  • the metals in question have their greatest effectiveness in terms of catalysis of the said reaction when they are operated at temperatures around or below 500 0 C, in particular at 400 to 55O 0 C.
  • the metals which are suitable for said catalysis tend to form carbides or to dissolve carbon at higher temperatures.
  • the coating coil is made of these materials and designed so that it protrudes only a few millimeters above the pinch edge.
  • the use of the coating coil described is combined with a carbon separation at a higher temperature or a noble gas stabilization.
  • the coil is attached to stable solid power supply lines ("frame"), see Figures 5 to 7.
  • frame stable solid power supply lines
  • the attachment of the helix is carried out, for example, by clamping or welding.
  • the very stable power supply lines ie. Stellmaschine
  • the frame which dissolves hydrogen only to a relatively small extent, eg W or Mo.
  • the use of these materials gives the advantage that these metals, when using the C-HO filler gas system as Catalysts act (see above).
  • the carburization of the tantalum helix is not complete; the colder areas near the fixation of the filament outlets to the frame parts are not completely carburized.
  • the zone in which the brittle Ta 2 C phase dominates can again be covered with a stabilizing metal layer, preferably using a metal which is not prone to carburization (eg Os, Ru, Re, Ir).
  • a metal which is not prone to carburization eg Os, Ru, Re, Ir.
  • the area in question can also be stabilized by a carbon coating; or a noble gas stabilization can be used.
  • such materials are used for the power supplies which have a catalytic function, e.g. Molybdenum.
  • the outlets of the TaC illuminant are coated with a carbon deposit.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)

Abstract

Source de lumière pourvue d'un filament (1) pouvant être chauffé ou d'une électrode, ce filament (1) ou cette électrode étant placés dans une ampoule (2) ou un tube. Pour que ladite source de lumière puisse être utilisée dans de nombreuses applications, même dans des conditions d'utilisation rudes, le filament (1) ou l'électrode possèdent au moins sur une certaine partie un dispositif de stabilisation mécanique. La présente invention concerne en outre un procédé de stabilisation mécanique du filament (1) ou de l'électrode d'une source de lumière, ladite stabilisation étant obtenue par exposition du filament (1) ou de l'électrode pendant une période de chauffe, à une brève augmentation de la pression de gaz, de type impulsion, à l'aide d'un gaz rare, ou par application d'un revêtement ou dépôt d'une couche (4).
EP05768095A 2004-07-19 2005-07-11 Source de lumiere et procede de stabilisation mecanique du filament ou de l'electrode d'une source de lumiere Withdrawn EP1776713A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004034807A DE102004034807A1 (de) 2004-07-19 2004-07-19 Lichtquelle und ein Verfahren zur mechanischen Stabilisierung des Filaments oder der Elektrode einer Lichtquelle
PCT/DE2005/001216 WO2006007816A2 (fr) 2004-07-19 2005-07-11 Source de lumiere et procede de stabilisation mecanique du filament ou de l'electrode d'une source de lumiere

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1776713A2 true EP1776713A2 (fr) 2007-04-25

Family

ID=35785584

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05768095A Withdrawn EP1776713A2 (fr) 2004-07-19 2005-07-11 Source de lumiere et procede de stabilisation mecanique du filament ou de l'electrode d'une source de lumiere

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US20080036382A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1776713A2 (fr)
JP (1) JP2008507101A (fr)
KR (1) KR20070057791A (fr)
CN (1) CN101069263B (fr)
CA (1) CA2574138A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102004034807A1 (fr)
TW (1) TW200620384A (fr)
WO (1) WO2006007816A2 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005035191A1 (de) * 2005-07-27 2007-02-01 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Niederdruckgasentladungslampe mit neuer Gasfüllung
DE102006020581A1 (de) * 2006-05-03 2007-11-08 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Zwei-Metall-Umspinnung
US7965026B2 (en) * 2009-06-25 2011-06-21 General Electric Company Lamp with IR suppressing composite
KR101281220B1 (ko) * 2010-08-16 2013-07-02 윤흥식 원적외선 램프용 필라멘트 및 그 제조방법
FR3037971B1 (fr) * 2015-06-25 2017-07-21 Commissariat Energie Atomique Procede de traitement d'une piece en tantale ou en un alliage de tantale
CN113488372A (zh) * 2021-05-31 2021-10-08 泗阳浩轩照明科技有限公司 一种灯泡加工用自动化电极处理的封排一体机

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US2039772A (en) * 1932-05-17 1936-05-05 Sirian Lamp Co Electric radiation device
NL260575A (fr) * 1960-01-29
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US3524693A (en) * 1967-08-17 1970-08-18 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Method for assembling a carbide filament incandescent lamp
US4720652A (en) * 1987-01-20 1988-01-19 Cooper Industries, Inc. Sealed beam headlamp and method for testing its serviceability
ES2099365T3 (es) * 1992-06-05 1997-05-16 Philips Electronics Nv Lampara electrica.
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Title
See references of WO2006007816A2 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2006007816A3 (fr) 2006-08-03
TW200620384A (en) 2006-06-16
DE102004034807A1 (de) 2006-03-16
US20080036382A1 (en) 2008-02-14
JP2008507101A (ja) 2008-03-06
CA2574138A1 (fr) 2006-01-26
KR20070057791A (ko) 2007-06-07
WO2006007816A2 (fr) 2006-01-26
CN101069263A (zh) 2007-11-07
CN101069263B (zh) 2011-07-27

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