EP1774101A1

EP1774101A1 - System for fastening a rail for rail vehicles

Info

Publication number: EP1774101A1
Application number: EP05761196A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Wilhelm Georg Hauschild; Dirk VORDERBRÜCK; Roland Buda; Gerold BÖHM; Peter Van Bommel; Dierk Bressel
Original assignee: Vossloh Werke GmbH
Current assignee: Vossloh Werke GmbH
Priority date: 2004-07-13
Filing date: 2005-07-08
Publication date: 2007-04-18
Anticipated expiration: 2025-07-08
Also published as: CN1985050A; EP1774101B1; EG24734A; MX2007000111A; TNSN06433A1; ECSP077165A; TW200606308A; BRPI0513265A; US20080237363A1; US7854392B2; WO2006005543A1; CA2571729A1; DE502005010445D1; MA28696B1; DE102004033724B3

Abstract

The invention relates to a system which is used to fasten a rail (S), comprising a beam (1) having a determined supporting surface (3) which is used to support the base (Sf) of the rail (S). The supporting surface (3) extends, on the sides thereof which extend in a parallel manner in relation to the longitudinal extension (L) of the rail (S) which is to be fixed to the supporting surface, by a fastening surface (7, 8) which is arranged at a higher level than the supporting surface (3). Said system also comprises an angle guide plate (20,21) which comprises a central section (22) on whose underside (23) a bearing surface (24) enabling the angle guide plate (20, 21) to be placed on the fastening surface (7,8) of the beam (1) which is associated therewith, is embodied, and a support section (25) which is oriented in a downward direction from the underside thereof and which is formed in the central section (22), said support surface bridging the free space between the base (Sf) of the rail (S) and the fastening surface (7, 8) when the system is in the mounted state. The system further comprises a spring element (100,101) which can be placed on the angle plate (20,21) and which comprises two retaining arms (105,106) which exert a retaining force (H) onto the rail (S) when the system is mounted, and a clamping element (P) when exerts a clamping force (F) onto the spring element (100. 1010) when the system is mounted.

Description

System for fastening a rail for rail vehicles

The invention relates to a system for fastening a rail, which has a threshold, which has a support surface intended for supporting the foot of a rail, wherein the support surface at its parallel to the longitudinal extension of the rail to be fastened on its extending sides in each case with respect to the support surface higher lying Aufplattfläche passes, an angle guide plate, each having a central portion, on the underside of a support surface is formed with the angle guide plate can be placed on their respective associated Aufplattfläche the threshold, and an integrally formed on the central portion, from the underside downwardly facing support portion having the free space between the foot of the rail and the Aufplattfläche bridged at fully assembled system, a spring element which can be placed on the angle plate and each having two support arms, with which it is a Haltek in fully assembled system raft on the rail, and comprises a clamping element, which exerts a clamping force on the spring element with fully assembled system.

Rails for rail vehicles usually have a rail, with which they stand on the respective substrate, a built on the rail foot rail web of small thickness and carried by the rail web rail head, at the top of the rolling surface for the wheels of the rail vehicle is formed. When driving over such a rail not only high loads due to the weight of the rail vehicle occur, but the rail is also exposed to high dynamic forces, which occur as a result of the speed with which the rail vehicle passes over the rail. Since the forces acting on the rail when driving over them lead to a significant deformation of the rail at the moment of overrunning, the shape and material of the rail are designed so that the rail can absorb these deformations even over a long period of use. For this, however, the rail must be able to deform and move in the area of their fortifications at the moment of driving over.

To accomplish this, a fastening system is required, which holds the rail so on the one hand in the vertical direction so elastic that ensures their secure grip on the threshold and at the same time a sufficient flexibility is present. On the other hand, the fastening system used in each case must be able to absorb the high lateral forces that are transmitted by the rail vehicle as it moves over onto the rail.

A frequently used in practice and proven fastening system that meets the requirements summarized above, is known from the installation instructions "rail fastening system W14", which by the applicant, for example, under the URL

"http://www.vossloh-rail-systems.de" has been published. The W14 rail fastening system is based on a concrete sleeper, in which a flat support surface for the foot of each rail to be fastened is formed. Viewed in the longitudinal direction of the rail to be fastened, the support surface extends over the entire threshold, while its width measured transversely to the longitudinal extent of the rail corresponds approximately to the width of the rail foot. At its two narrow sides, the support surface merges into a respective flat surface arranged at the same level as the support surface. At the Aufplattflächen is at its side remote from the support surface narrow side in each case a parallel to the longitudinal extension of the rail to be fastened on the threshold extending groove connected, which has a substantially V-shaped cross-section.

In addition, a receptacle for a dowel or the like is formed at a central location in the Aufplattflächen, in which a clamping screw can be screwed.

To attach the rail, a so-called "angled guide plate" is placed on the flattened surfaces of the threshold. These weight guides usually made of a high-strength plastic material angle guide plates have a central portion, on the underside of a support surface is formed, with which the angle guide plate is set to their respective assigned Aufplattfläche the threshold.

In the case of the angle guide plate used for the system W14, a support section is formed on the central section, starting from the angle guide plate Support surface extends at the bottom of the angled guide plate down and whose shape is adapted to the shape of the grooves formed in the threshold. In the assembly position, each of the angle guide plates sits with its support portion form-fitting in their respective associated groove. By contrast, with its side opposite the support section, the angled guide plates rest laterally against the foot of the rail to be fastened. Side forces coming from the rail to the

Angled guide plate can be transferred so absorbed by the angled guide plate and passed into the threshold. The support of the angle guide plates takes place via the side facing away from the rail side surface of the respective groove.

In order to safely transfer the lateral forces emanating from the rail while driving to the relevant side surface of the groove, the angle guide plates must have sufficient strength and dimensional stability. This requirement has the consequence that the angle guide plates used in the known fastening systems despite the fact that they are made of plastic, have a considerable weight. Also, the plastics used for their production must be sufficiently high and permanently resilient.

To secure the rail against lifting usually spring elements are used in the known rail fastening systems, which are made of a spring steel. In the rail fastening system W14 so-called "tension clamps" are used as spring elements, which are bent from a steel bar. These tension clamps are W-shaped and with their central portion braced the angle guide plate. For this purpose, a passage opening is formed in the angled guide plate, through which the clamping screw used for clamping the respective tensioning clamp can be screwed into the recessed respectively in the threshold dowels.

After completion of the assembly is clamped in this state against the threshold tension clamp with their outgoing from the central portion retaining arms on the foot of the rail to be fastened. ^'Transfer the holding arms so spring forces on the rail, on the one hand, strong enough to prevent an excessive lifting of the rail, but on the other hand are elastic and that the rail can when driving over by a rail vehicle sufficiently vertically move up and down , In this way, the rail is held securely and can still compensate for their caused by the weight and the driving movement of the rail vehicle deformations.

In order to be able to transfer the spring forces required for holding the rail permanently and safely, the clamping clamps used in the fastening system W14 and comparably constructed systems each have a complex shape. Thus, the legs of the generally U-shaped central portion are tapered at their ends so that the distance between them is smaller than the diameter of the clamping screw used for clamping the tension clamp. In this way, the central portion wraps around in the mounting position captive the clamping screw.

Subsequent to the constriction site thus formed, the legs of the middle section go in a downward and outward leading bend in each case in a torsion over, which is bent straight in the course. At the two Torsionsabschnitte the tension clamp is followed in a further bend in each case a support arm which describes in the untensioned state of the terminal in the side view about 160 ° spanning curvature. In this way, the free ends of the support arms are preassembled on the angled guide plate clamp below the level of the central portion.

About a further bend, the free ends of the support arms each go into an angled portion, which are aligned in the plan view substantially perpendicular to the central portion of the tension clamp. The free distance between the central portion and the offsets at the end of the support arms is less than the smallest diameter of the tension clamp. This ensures that clamps collected in a larger container do not catch on each other.

Tensioning clamps of the type described above have proven particularly in the field of such track sections, which are used in mixed operation, so both high-speed trains and heavy-duty trains. However, this success is countered by the fact that the clamps must tire and be replaced after a certain period of use. In addition, their production is relatively complex due to the complex shape.

A rail fastening system of the type specified is known from FR 26 34 801 Al. Also, this known fastening system is based on a concrete sleeper, in which a transverse to the longitudinal extent of the fastened Rail extending support surface is formed. In contrast to the W14 fastening system explained above, however, the support surface is wider than the width of the rail foot. At their narrow sides extending parallel to the longitudinal extension of the rail to be fastened, the support surface in each case merges in one step into a flattening surface which is higher in relation to the level of the support surface than the support surface. In the region of the step, a force-receiving surface substantially perpendicular to the support surface is formed. In the area between the rail foot and the two steps, which is also free after installation of the rail, a receptacle for a dowel is formed in the support surface into which a tensioning screw can be screwed.

For fixing the rail, an angle guide plate is also provided in the system known from FR 26 34 801 A1. This angle guide plate formed at right angles in the plan view has a central portion, on one narrow side of which a starting from the central portion downwardly extending support portion is formed. In the corner regions of the side facing away from the support section, a guide section is additionally integrally formed on the flat upper side of the angled guide plate. Both guide sections are with their free ends beyond the central portion. Finally, a passage opening is formed in the angled guide plate at a central location, can be screwed through the attached at the threshold angle guide plate, the clamping screw in each of the existing dowel in the threshold. 5 007421

As a spring element, two different length flat sheet metal elements are used in the known from FR 26 34 801 Al mounting system, which act like a leaf spring.

In the assembled state of the system known from FR 26 34 801 A1, an angle guide plate is seated in one of the spaces left free laterally in the region of the support surface. The angled guide plates thereby bridge the distance between the rail foot and step, so that its support portion abuts with its abutment surface respectively at its associated force receiving surface of the threshold, while the central portion rests laterally with its side facing away from the support surface side of the rail. In this case, the guide portions of the angle guide plates rest on the rail foot, so that the angle guide plate is only in the region of its support portion on the support surface.

The top of the angled guide plates is positioned somewhat lower than the level of the respective Aufplattfläche the threshold in this installed state. On the upper side of the angled guide plates in each case the longer of the spring elements is aligned so that it is supported with its one end on the rail foot and with its other end on the Aufplattfläche. On the longer spring element, the shorter element is arranged. Both spring elements are each stretched by acting as a clamping element clamping screw which is screwed through the spring elements and the respective angle guide plate into the threshold. The plate-shaped spring elements practice in the manner of a Leaf spring from the required elastic holding forces on the rail.

Rail fasteners of the type known from FR 26 34 801 Al are used in the range of routes that are driven exclusively in high-speed operation. For the occurring loads and deformations of the rail, the elasticity of the known system suffices. However, for stretching operated in mixed load operation, this known system proves to be insufficient fatigue. In particular, the overall elasticity of the system is not high enough to ensure sufficient mobility of the rail in heavy load operation at the same time sufficiently high holding forces.

In addition to the above-described prior art, a fastening system is known from practice, in which an under the name "tension clamp SKL2" offered spring element of the type specified is used. This tension clamp has a U-shaped central portion, whose legs run parallel and pass at their ends in each case in a continuous, turning point-free and leading outward bend in each case a holding arm. Each arm is bent to this, starting from the end of him carrying rectilinear leg about 185 °, so that its free end is aligned obliquely to the respective leg and the imaginary extensions of the support arms in plan view intersect at a point that far outside the middle section. The radius of curvature of the support arms corresponds exactly to the radius with which the U-shaped central portion is bent between its legs. Accordingly, the diameter of the pitch circle encompassed by the holding arms is equal to the clear width between the legs of the central portion. Since at the same time corresponds to the length of the legs of the central portion about twice the clear width between them, the free ends of the support arms in the plan view are therefore arranged approximately at the level of the point at which the holding arms are connected to the respectively supporting legs. The support arms, viewed in their mounting position, are aligned inclined downwards after about half of the bend described by them.

To fix a rail with the aid of the SKL2 tension clamp described above, a so-called "ribbed plate" is mounted on a sill. This ribbed plate carries a parallel to the longitudinal extent of the rail aligned rib. After positioning the rail to be fastened, the known tensioning clamp is placed with its central portion on the rib that its arcuate, connecting the legs of the central portion away from the rail rests on the rib, while the free ends of the support arms on the foot of the rail stand. With the help of a pressure plate and a clamping screw, the tension clamp is then braced against the ribbed plate, so that it exerts the required elastic holding force on the rail by its holding arms.

In practical use, the long legs of the known tension clamp are subjected to bending and torsion. This mixed load leads to a limited fatigue strength of the known terminal. In addition, the relatively short support arms also in combination with the long legs of the central portion in the required especially in heavy load or high-speed operation high holding forces no sufficient resilience to permanently ensure the required mobility of the rail in the vertical direction with simultaneous secure grip.

Based on the above-described prior art, the object of the invention to provide a cost-manufacturable system for securing rails, which is in addition to an improved durability and extended life of its individual elements able to apply high holding forces with optimized spring properties.

Based on the above-described prior art, this object is achieved by a system of the type described, which is inventively characterized in that in the fully assembled system, the axis of action of the clamping force exerted by the clamping force pierces the Aufplattfläche.

In a system according to the invention, unlike the prior art, the lateral forces exerted by the rail during operation are guided by the angled guide plate at a location in front of the area in which the tensioning element used to tension the spring element abuts the respective one Threshold is attached. This results in that the clamping means itself remains substantially free of lateral forces. The same applies to the parts the angle guide plate, which lie beyond the boundary of the transition of the support surface to the Aufplattfläche. These can therefore be carried out very easily. Since the angle guide plate does not have to transmit any lateral forces in the area lying on the flattened area, it can be designed without restriction in such a way that it has optimum guiding properties for the spring element supported on it. As a result of the introduction of force according to the invention, the lateral relative movements between the spring element and the angle guide plate, the clamping element and the angled guide plate and the angled guide plate and the threshold are reduced to a minimum, and the abrasive wear of the angled guide plate and the threshold is minimized.

As a result, a system optimized for its function, its weight and the life of its elements is available for fastening a rail, which can be produced at reduced costs and at the same time has optimized service properties.

The operative principle on which the system according to the invention is based, for example, can be realized in practice by using a threshold which has a support surface intended for supporting the foot of a rail, which sides extend in parallel to the longitudinal extension of the rail to be fastened on it each one based on the support surface higher flattening surface passes, each Aufplattfläche is assigned in each case a mold element for fastening a clamping element, which performs a holding force on the rail when mounted rail Holding spring element with a clamping force, and each of the Formelernente relative to the transition between the support surface and its associated Aufplattfläche respectively in the direction of the respective Aufplattfläche spaced so arranged to the support surface is that when attached to the threshold clamping element, the active axis of the clamping force generated by the clamping element pierces the respective form element associated with the flattening surface.

In a threshold formed in this way, the introduction of the force required for the bracing of the spring element used in each case takes place at a point of the threshold which lies beyond the boundary of the transition of the support surface to the flattening surface. Accordingly, the location provided at the threshold for the attachment of the tensioning element is at least on the boundary of the transition between the support surface and the Aufplattfläche, in such a way that the axis over which acts or absorbed by the clamping force, not by the support surface, but first passes through the Aufplattfläche. Such a threshold is set up in such a way that the force exciting the spring element is introduced from the support surface behind the surface into the threshold which laterally delimits the support surface in the region of the transition to the flattened surface. This makes it possible to support an angle plate provided for the lateral support of the rail in the region of the transition, without the means used for tensioning the spring element being loaded.

A particularly good initiation of the outgoing of the rail during operation lateral forces in the threshold can be achieved in this context in that the transition is formed stepwise between the support surface and the Aufplattfläche. For this purpose, the support surface in the region of the transition to the Aufplattfläche each laterally limiting force receiving surface be aligned so that the enclosed between the side surface and the support surface angle 75 ° to 105 °, in particular 85 ° to 95 °.

The shape of the flattened surface of the preferably used threshold is generally dependent on the shape of the angle guide plate used for fastening the rail, the associated spring element and the clamping means, which is used for tensioning the spring element. A particularly simple design results in this context when the support surface and the Aufplattfläche are positioned in mutually parallel planes.

The accumulation of water on the threshold can be counteracted by the fact that at least one of the surfaces facing away from the support surface and adjacent to the surface of the insert is sloping starting from the surface of the surface. It is advantageous if the adjoining the surface Aufplattfläche steplessly merges into the Aufplattfläche so that rainfall water can flow freely on the Aufplattfläche.

The threshold used in a system according to the invention is preferably made of a concrete material that is available at low cost and has the required strength for absorbing the forces. Alternatively, the threshold can also be made of a suitable plastic or a plastic and a concrete Be made of mixed material. The concrete material may also contain reinforcing components such as carbon fibers, glass fibers or the like.

As a molding element for the attachment of the clamping means can be formed in the threshold used in a system according to the invention of the type described above, an opening in which, for example, a dowel for serving as a tensioning screw can be used. Alternatively, tabs, brackets, pins, bumps or similar elements can be formed or otherwise provided for the attachment of the clamping means at the threshold, which absorb the forces required for the tensioning of the spring element.

An angle guide plate preferably used in a fastening system according to the invention is characterized in that the angle guide plate a central portion, on the underside of a support surface is formed with the angle guide plate can be placed on a Aufplattfläche the threshold, one to the central portion of the underside downwardly integrally formed support portion which has a first contact surface coming into contact with the rail in the assembly position and a second contact surface opposite the first contact surface which bears against the threshold in the assembly position and has a through opening for a clamping means formed in the central section whose central axis piercing the central section outside the support portion and adjacent to its second abutment surface. The shape of such an angle guide plate makes it possible to mount the angled guide plate so that the operating forces of the rail to be fastened side forces are transmitted exclusively via the support portion on the threshold, which carries the rail and the elements used for its attachment. To accomplish this, the support portion is inventively formed at a position on the central portion of the angled guide plate, which is in the mounting position of the angle guide plate relative to the rail to be fastened in front of the central, guided by the central portion axis of the passage opening of the angled guide plate. The central portion of the angled guide plate, however, remains substantially completely free of the lateral forces. He is so exclusively for the leadership of a spring element available that can be mounted on the angled guide plate and applying the necessary to hold the rail in the vertical direction holding forces. In order to securely hold and guide the spring element, only small amounts of material are required in the area of the central portion, so that such an angle guide plate has a significantly lower weight compared with the known angular guide plates which fulfill a corresponding functional scope.

Along with the material savings achieved in the above-described manner, angle guide plates designed in this way have an increased service life. This is also achieved in that only the support portion is subjected to the direct outgoing of the rail forces, while the central portion substantially exclusively by the on the spring element acting clamping force is loaded. Mixed loads, as they were unavoidable in the prior art, thus occur at most to a small extent, so that in particular the abrasive wear due to relative movements between the angled guide plate and the threshold is reduced to a minimum.

Particularly good conditions in the transmission of the forces emanating from the rail can be achieved if the included between the bearing surface and the second contact surface of the support portion angle 75 ° to 120 °, in particular 100 ° to 115 °.

An improved protection against twisting, pushing or spreading of the spring element to be mounted on the angled guide plate can also be achieved in that in addition to the other features of the angled guide plate, the central portion on its underside opposite the top mold elements for guiding an attachable to the angled guide plate spring element for applying a Holding force on the rail has. These may be formed, for example, in the form of legs connected to the central section, which follow the shape of the spring element to be fastened on the angle guide plate.

To improve the insulation of the angled guide plates may be integrally formed at least partially around the edge of the passage opening circumferential collar on the underside of the angled guide plate. This collar then sits at mounted angle guide plate in a corresponding recess of the threshold into which engages the clamping means used for clamping the respective spring element. Both to improve the guidance of the spring element in the tensioned state and to protect against the penetration of moisture collecting on the angled guide plate in the region of the passage opening, it may be beneficial in the region of the top of the central portion associated with the edge of the passage opening one from the top allocate protruding collar. This collar also preferably runs around the edge of the passage opening.

Further weight savings can be achieved by making the width of the central portion narrower than the width of the support portion.

Angled guide plates used in a system according to the invention are preferably made of a plastic. However, it is also possible to use other materials, such as metals or the like, if this requires the forces occurring during operation.

A spring element which is particularly suitable for use in a fastening system according to the invention is characterized in that the spring element has a U-shaped middle section, the legs of which pass into a respective retaining arm, which leads away from the respectively associated leg of the central section in a lateral direction in a continuous and free of turning points extending, more than 180 ° bend are bent whose radius is always greater than half the clear width between the legs of the central portion. Such a spring element is characterized first by the fact that its holding arms in a continuous, continuously having the same curvature Bend emanating from the U-shaped central portion of the spring element. In this case, the radius at which the holding arms are bent, is so large that the inside width of each of the holding arms bounded space is greater than the distance between the legs with each other. Due to this design, a large length is available in the region of the bent retaining arms, over which the retaining arms are resiliently yielding. The curved in the large radius shape of the holding arms leads to the fact that the support arms are loaded in the tensioned state essentially exclusively on torsion. Since at the same time the length of each leg of the central portion is short compared to the length of the respectively connected to him holding arm, these legs are charged only insignificantly in the final assembly position to bending. A mixing load which impairs the bending fatigue strength is thus avoided, so that such a spring element can be used over a significantly longer service life compared to the known spring elements.

In this case, the spring element preferably used in a system according to the invention has an improved functional reliability compared to the prior art. Thus, due to the wide extension of their support arms of the central portion of such a spring element can be easily mounted so that it forms a safeguard against tilting of the spring element under the forces occurring in practical use.

A further advantage of the above-described spring element is that the amount of material required for its production is reduced to a minimum. As a result, the weight of such is also Spring element significantly reduced compared to the weight of known spring elements of the same capacity.

The elasticity with which the spring element is able to deliver the holding force generated by it, can be optimized in that viewed in plan view the measured parallel to the respective leg extension of the bounded by the holding arms range is greater than the length of the respective arm associated leg of the central portion. This embodiment also allows a simplified assembly of the spring element, since the support arms can be placed easily on the foot of the rail to be fastened and at the same time is sufficient space for the attachment of the central portion available. The same purpose is served when the bending of the support arms is such that their free ends point directly towards the central portion.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the bending of the retaining arms of a spring element used in a fastening system according to the invention in plan view describes at least one partial circle. In this shaping, an approximately equally distributed torsional load of the spring arms over their entire length is ensured, so that both in terms of spring behavior and in terms of the

Flex resistance optimal properties are present. This is especially true when the circumference of the pitch circle is at least 70% of the circumference of a full circle of the same diameter. A further increase of the spring behavior can be achieved in this context by the fact that the ratio of the diameter of the of the holding arms respectively described pitch circle to the diameter of the bar steel is 3 to 8.

A spring element with a reduced space requirement for its assembly while minimizing weight and yet good spring properties can also be formed in that the bending of the holding arms describes at least one partial ellipse. In order to ensure optimum spring properties of the retaining arms thus formed, it is favorable, although in this case the circumference of the partial ellipse is at least 70% of the circumference of a full ellipse with the same axial lengths. In addition, the ratio of the mean of the axial lengths of the partial ellipse described in each case by the holding arms to the diameter of the bar steel can be in the range from 3 to 8 in order to achieve further improved properties of the partially elliptically shaped holding arms. These can also be supported by the fact that the ratio of one axis to the other axis of the partial ellipse is 0.5 to 2.

According to a further embodiment, which is particularly advantageous both in terms of production technology and practical application, when the spring element is unstressed, the middle section extends in a first plane and the retaining arms in a second plane, which is obliquely oriented relative to the first plane. Unlike the prior art, neither the central portion nor the arm are formed arched. Instead, the central portion and the support arms extend in each case one plane, so that they have a respective straight course in the lateral view. In this case, the levels of the respectively existing retaining arms and the central portion are arranged obliquely to each other, so that the retaining arms and the Middle section, seen in side view, enclose an angle between them. When clamping the spring element of the central part and the support arms are moved against each other, so that the angle enclosed between their planes reduces angle. Best results are achieved when the included angle between the planes is 5 ° to 40 ° in the case of an unstressed spring element.

Further material savings can be achieved in that the free distance of the free ends of the support arms to the central portion is greater than the thickest diameter of the spring element. This measure is based on the recognition that, unlike the prior art, it is not necessary in practice to prevent chaining and entanglement of spring elements collected in a container, but that the weight saving achieved in this way is much higher ,

A particularly good mountability of a spring element used in a system according to the invention of the type presented above with good functionality and small footprint is obtained when the radius of the bend of the support arms is greater than half the length of the legs of the central portion. In this dimensioning ensures that the free ends of the support arms each end at the height of the bent portion of the U-shaped central portion. The respective free ends, which transmit the holding forces generated by the spring element on the rail, can be placed in a simple manner on the respective rail foot. At the same time, this can be used for tensioning the spring element and directly on the middle section acting clamping element can be mounted near the rail to be fastened.

Further advantageous embodiments of a fastening system according to the invention and its individual components will become apparent from the following description of an embodiment. For this purpose, reference is made to a drawing in which in each case the following is shown schematically:

Fig. Ia is a partial view of a threshold for the attachment of a rail in plan view;

FIG. 1b shows a partial view of the threshold according to FIG. 1a in a lateral view; FIG.

Figure 2a shows an inserted for fixing the rail angle guide plate in plan view.

FIG. 2b shows the angle guide plate in a frontal view; FIG.

Fig. 2c shows the angle guide plate in a side view;

3a shows a clamping clamp used for fastening the rail in plan view;

Fig. 3b, the tension clamp in a frontal view;

Fig. 3c, the tension clamp in a side view;

Fig. 3d, the tension clamp in a perspective view; 4a shows a system for fastening the rail in plan view.

Fig. 4b, the system in side view.

The threshold 1 is made of a concrete material. It has a basic shape, which is known per se from the concrete sleepers already used in the prior art. Accordingly, the threshold 1 in the region of its lateral ends on two attachment zones 2, of which only one is shown here. The fastening zones 2 are used for fastening in each case a rail S.

In each attachment zone 2, a support surface 3 is formed for this purpose, on which the foot Sf of the rail S to be fastened is supported when the assembly is completed.

The width B of the support surface 3 measured transversely to the longitudinal extent L of the rail S to be mounted on the threshold 1 is greater than the width Bsf of the foot Sf of the rail S. At its lateral ends extending parallel to the longitudinal extent L, the support surface 3 passes in each case a step-shaped transition 5.6 in each case a Aufplattfläche 7.8, which is higher in relation to the level of the support surface 3 with respect to the level of the support surface 3 when mounted in mounting position threshold 3.

The Aufplattflächen 7.8 are flat and go at their side facing away from the support surface edges 7a, 7b, 7c each stepless in laterally and in the width direction of the threshold 1 sloping run-off surfaces 9,10,11 over. Rainwater, which hits the Aufplattflächen 7,8 and the elements attached to them, can flow so unhindered and seep in the vicinity of the threshold 1. The transitions 5, 6 are of stepped design, so that a respective force-receiving surface 12, 13 is formed between the respective flattening surface 7, 8 and the support surface 3. The force receiving surfaces 12,13 are aligned substantially perpendicular to the support surface 3, so that the support surface 3 with the respective

Force receiving surface 12,13 includes an angle of approximately 90 °.

In the area of the transitions 5, 6, starting from the respective flattening surface 7, 8 in the threshold 1, in each case a shaped element 14, 15 designed in the form of a bore-like countersink, is formed for fastening a clamping screw P serving as a tensioning means. The respective mold elements 14,15 are oriented relative to the longitudinal extent L centered to the threshold 1 and cut with their circumference the respective

Force receiving surface 12,13. Their longitudinal axes A14, A15, however, are offset in each case to the respective Aufplattfläche 7,8, so that when fully assembled fastening system coincides with the longitudinal axes A14, A15 effective axis W of the clamping screw P applied or absorbed clamping force F the respective Aufplattfläche. 7 , 8 seen from the support surface 3 from behind the respective transition 4,5,6 pierces. In order to enable the attachment of the clamping screw P in the threshold 1, a per se known, not shown here plastic anchor can be used in the mold elements 14,15 each. At the same time, as in the exemplary embodiment illustrated here, the shaped elements 14, 15 can be inclined with a slight angular deviation from the vertical, so that their axes A14, A15 do not lie in a position far below the support surface 3 hit point. Such an oblique orientation makes it possible, by means of a clamping screw P acting as a tensioning element, to exert the forces required for tensioning spring elements 100, 101 in an optimized manner.

The threshold 1 formed in the above-described manner enables the introduction of the force required for clamping the respectively used spring element 100, 101 at a location of the threshold 1 which lies beyond the boundary of the transition 4, 5 of the support surface 3 to the respective surface 7, 8. Accordingly, the location provided at the threshold 1 for the attachment of each acting as a clamping means clamping screw P is at least on the boundary of the transition between the support surface 3 and the respective Aufplattfläche 7,8, 7,8, in such a way that the axis W, about which acts on the force applied or received by the clamping screw P, not first by the support surface 3, but first by the respective Aufplattfläche 7 and 8 runs.

A threshold 1 according to the invention is set up in this way so that the force F exciting the respective spring element 100,101 is introduced from the support surface 3 behind the surface 12 or 13 into the sill 1 which surrounds the support surface 3 in the region of the respective transition 4 , 5 laterally limited to the respective Aufplattfläche 7.8. In this way, the threshold 1 according to the invention is set up such that the angle plate 20, 21 provided for the lateral support of the rail S can be supported in the region of the transition 4, 5 without the means (clamping screw P) used for tensioning the spring element 100, 101 in each case being used ) is charged. The angle guide plates 20, 21 belonging to the fastening system each have a central section 22, on whose underside 23 a bearing surface 24 is formed. When mounting the rail S, the respective angle guide plate 20,21 is set with this bearing surface 24 on their respective associated Aufplattfläche 7.8 of the threshold 1.

At the central portion 22 from the underside downwardly facing support portion 25 is formed. The width Bst of the support portion 25 is substantially greater than the width Bz of the central portion 22, which is centrally aligned with the support portion 25 in plan view.

The support section 25 has a first contact surface 25a coming into contact with the rail S in the assembly position and a second contact surface 25b lying opposite the first contact surface 25a, which abuts the threshold 1 in the assembled position. In the angle guide plate shown in Figures 2a, 2b, the support portion 25 extends over the entire width of the respective angle guide plate 20,21.

In addition, in the central portion 22, a through hole 26 is formed for each clamping screw P acting as a clamping means. The peculiarity of the angled guide plates 20,21 is that the central, the central portion 22 piercing axis X of the through hole 26 extends outside of the support portion 25 and adjacent to the second abutment surface 25b. According to the orientation of the force receiving surfaces 12,13 while the second bearing surface 25b relative to the support surface 24 is aligned so that between the Support surface 24 and the second bearing surface 25b is an angle of 90 ° is included. Of course, the second bearing surface 25b and the support surface may be aligned in a different way to each other, if this proves to be favorable due to a corresponding shaping of the threshold 1 or an advantageous power flow. Preferably, the angle in question is 110 °.

The central portion 22 of the angle guide plates 20,21 has on its underside 23 opposite top 27 form elements for guiding the can be placed on the respective angle guide plate 20,21 spring element 100,101 for applying a holding force H on the rail S. These mold elements are on the one hand in the form of throats corresponding to the diameter D of the spring elements 100,101 vaulted material thickenings, which depart as legs 28,29 in an arc from the likewise thickened, the passage opening 26 surrounding central portion 30 of the respective angle guide plate 20,21. The middle part 30 extends at right angles to the support section 25 starting from the first contact surface 25a.

The legs 28,29 are connected to the corner regions of the side facing away from the support portion 25 side of the central part 30. The respective sections 31, 32 of the angle guide plates 20, 21 bounded by the legs 28, 29 and the support section 25 are each filled with a thin layer of the plastic material from which the angle guide plates 20, 21 are made. These layers make when mounted angle guide plate 20,21 a Barrier to moisture that collects on the threshold 1.

At their edges assigned to the sections 31,32 webs 33,34 are respectively formed on the legs 28,29. These webs 33,34 provide a twisting, push-through and Spreizschutz for on the respective

Angle guide plate 20,21 arranged spring element 100,101. For the same purpose, a circumferential around the edge of the passage opening 26 collar 35 is formed on the central part 30. This collar 35 additionally ensures that water that collects on the central part 30 does not get into the passage opening 26.

To improve the insulation of the angled guide plates 20,21 relative to the threshold 1 is at least partially, preferably completely formed around the edge of the passage opening 26 circumferential collar 36 on the underside 23 of the respective angle guide plate 20,21.

As spring elements 100,101 for the generation of the holding force H, two clamping clamps are used in the rail fastening system shown in the drawing, each having a U-shaped central portion 102, the legs 103,104 pass into a respective holding arm 105,106. An essential feature of the spring elements 100,101 is that the holding arms 105,106 are bent so far away from their respective associated legs 103 and 104 of the central portion 102 in the lateral direction away in a continuously turning point extending, more than 180 ° bend so far that their free Ends 105a, 106a point in the direction of the central portion 102. Usually there is a bend of more than 200 ° necessary. Thus, the angular range encompassed by the bending of the holding arms 105, 106 in the exemplary embodiment shown here is in each case at least 270 °.

The radius Rb of the bend with which the holding arms 105, 106 are curved starting from the leg 103, 104 carrying them is always greater than half the clear width T between the legs 103, 104. At the same time, the bending of the holding arms 105, 106 is guided so far that their free ends 105a, 106a, as seen in plan view (FIG. 3a), are directed against the middle section 102. In the illustrated embodiment, the course of the curvature of the support arms 105,106 is designed so that the free ends 105a, 106a of the support arms 105,106 seen in plan view end approximately at the level of the curved connector 102a, which connects the legs 103,104 of the U-shaped central portion 102 together , Accordingly, when viewed in plan view, the extent Ll of the area U bounded by the holding arms 105, 106, which is parallel to the respective leg 103, 104, is. The area along which the holding arms 105,106 each extend laterally, each greater than the length Ls of the respective arm 105,106 associated leg 103,104 of the central portion 102. Each of these design features optimized spring properties of the spring elements 100,101 are achieved while simultaneously optimized mountability.

The turning point-free, continuously curved shaping of their holding arms 105, 106 and the likewise continuously curved, turning point-free transition from the legs 103, 104 of the middle section 102 into the holding arms 105, 106 assigned to each support this optimized one Spring properties of the spring elements 100,101. Thus, the holding arms 105,106 act in the manner of spring springs, which are burdened by torsion for the vast majority. This uniform load pattern leads to a significantly increased endurance while simultaneously increasing elasticity. By the shape of the spring elements 100,101 and the conscious renunciation of any constriction or narrowing, for example in the region of the central portion is thus achieved that the spring elements 100,101 even after a long period of use still give the required for holding the rail S holding force H.

The spring elements 100,101 are preferably made of a steel bar. Steel rods can be bent easily in a simple manner and have good spring properties in the bent state.

A particularly simple shaping of the holding arms 100, 101 would result if the bending of the holding arms 100, 101 in plan view describes one pitch circle in each case. However, for the support arms 105, 106 shown in the drawing, a partially elliptical shape has been selected in order to provide spring elements 100, 101 that are as narrow as possible.

Regardless of which shape the holding arms 105,106 receive, they are preferably designed so that the circumference of the sub-figure described by them (partial ellipse, pitch circle) is at least 70% of the circumference of the associated full figure (full ellipse, full circle) with the same diameter. So designed retaining arms 105,106 have a resilient compliance, through which in operation occurring vertical deformations of the rail S can be taken very safe.

In addition, in the embodiment shown, the ratio (L1 + L2) / 2: D of the means of the axial lengths L1, L2 of the partial ellipse described in each case by the holding arms 105, 106 is equal to the diameter D of the bar steel 3 through 8. These dimensions also support the spring properties of the spring elements 100, 101. The same arises in a circular bending of the holding arms 105,106 then, if there is the ratio of the diameter of the respective arms of the holding arms 105,106 each circle to the diameter of the bar steel also 3 to 8.

A further optimization of the spring properties of the spring elements 100,101 has been achieved in the embodiment shown here, characterized in that the ratio of the one axis Ll to the other axis L2 of the holding arms 105,106 respectively included partial ellipse is 0.5 to 2.

A further special feature of the spring elements 100, 101 used in the exemplary embodiment, in combination with the shaping of the threshold 1 and the angle guide plates 20, 21, is that, in the case of unstressed spring elements 100, 101, the essential part of the middle section 102 is in a first plane E1 and Holding arms 105,106 extend substantially to a second, with respect to the first plane, inclined plane E2. In this case, the angle α enclosed between the planes E1, E2 is preferably 5 ° to 40 ° (FIG. 3c). The spring elements used in the embodiment in combination with the threshold 1 100,101 are characterized not only by optimized spring properties, but also by a minimized weight. This is achieved in particular by the continuous guidance of the bend, by which the total length of the bar steel used for the production of the spring elements 100, 101 is minimized. An additional weight reduction can be achieved in that the free distance N of the free ends 105a, 106a of the holding arms 105,106 to the central portion 102 is greater than the thickest diameter D of the spring elements 100,101.

To fasten the rail S on the threshold 1, the fastening system formed from the sill 1, the angle guide plates 20, 21, the spring elements 100, 101 and the clamping screws P as clamping means and supplemented by an elastic intermediate layer Z is first preassembled. Such an intermediate layer Z made of elastic material is then provided when the rail S with defined elasticity on the support surface 3 of the threshold 1 is to be supported.

During pre-assembly, first the elastic intermediate layer Z is placed centrally on the support surface 3. Subsequently, the angled guide plates 20,21 are placed with their support surface 24 on their respective associated Aufplattflächen 7.8 that they rest with the second bearing surface 25b of its support portion 25 at the respectively associated force receiving surface 12 and 13 of the threshold 1 and its passage opening 26 are aligned with their respective associated mold element 14,15 of the threshold 1. In each case, a spring element 100, 101 is placed on the angled guide plates 20, 21 such that the rounding of its middle section 102 and the free ends 105a, 106a of the retaining arms 105, 106 point in the direction of the support surface 3. In the preassembly position, the spring elements 100, 101 are displaced relative to the support surface 3 such that the ends 105a, 106a of the support arms 105, 106 lie on the support section 25 of the respective angled guide plate 20, 21 and the space between the support sections 25 of the angled guide plates 20, 21 is free, in order to use the foot Sf of the rail S to be mounted there unhindered. Finally, the respective clamping screw P is screwed into the respectively intended for their fastening mold element 14,15 of the threshold 1 until it exerts sufficient to hold the respective spring element 100,101 in the preassembly position slight clamping force. The pre-assembly position produced in this way is shown in FIGS. 4a, 4b for the angle guide plate 20 and the spring element 100, the pre-assembled clamping screw P not being shown in FIG. 4a for the sake of clarity. The spring element 101 and the angle guide plate 21 and the associated clamping screw P are pre-assembled in a corresponding manner.

After pre-assembly, the rail S is placed on the lying on the support surface 3 intermediate layer Z. It fills the existing between the angle guide plates 20,21 space so that it rests with the sides of their foot Sf each close to the first contact surfaces 25a of the support portions 25 of the angle guide plates 20,21. Subsequently, the spring elements 100,101 are moved in the direction of the rail foot Sf until their holding arms 105,106 with their free end 105a, 106a on the rail foot Sf lie. Subsequently, the clamping screws P are tightened. In this way, the central portion of the spring elements braced against the holding arms 102 100,101 105,106 rests on the central portion ^• of the respective angle guide plate 20,21 to the central portion of the 102nd

In this finished braced state, the holding arms 105, 106 of the spring elements 100, 101 exert the holding forces H required for the secure holding of the rail S against excessive movements in the vertical direction from the opposite sides onto the rail foot Sf. They are charged in the manner of a spring essentially exclusively torsion. At the same time their resilient compliance is sufficient to compensate for the inevitable vertical movements of the rail S in operation can safely. The lateral guide forces K occurring during operation are taken up by the support sections 25 of the angled guide plate 20, 21 and guided directly into the threshold 1 via the respective force-receiving surface 12 or 13. Both the clamping screws P and the central portion 22 of the angled guide plates 20,21 are kept free in this way by the lateral forces K, so that they are exposed to low wear and have a correspondingly long life.

BEZUGSZΞICHEN

1 threshold

2 attachment zones

3 support surface 5,6 transition

7, 8 On flat surfaces

7a, 7b, 7c edges of the flattened surface 7

9, 10, 11 drainage surfaces

12, 13 force receiving surfaces

14, 15 form elements (recess) for securing the

Clamping screw P

20, 21 angle guide plates

22 central portion of the angle guide plates 20, 21st

23 Bottom of the central portion 22

24 bearing surface of the angled guide plates 20, 21st

25 support section

25a, 25b contact surfaces of the support section

26 passage opening

27 top of the angled guide plates 20,21 28,29 legs of the angle guide plates 20,21 30 middle part of the angle guide plates 20,21 31,32 sections of the angle guide plates 20,21 33,34 webs

35 collar

36 collars 100,101 spring elements

102 central portion of the spring elements 100,101

102a bent portion of the central portion

103,104 legs of the spring elements 100,101

105,106 retaining arms of the spring elements 100,101

105a, 106a free ends of the holding arms 105,106 α between the planes E1, E2 included angle

A14, A15 longitudinal axes of the mold elements 14,15

B Width of the support surface 3

Bsf width of the foot Sf of the rail S

Bst width of the support section 25

Bz width of the support portion 25

D Diameter of the bar steel from which the

Spring elements 100,101 are generated El, E2 levels

F applied by the clamping screw P clamping force H applied by the spring elements 100,101

holding force

K side forces

L longitudinal extent L of the rail S Ll, L2 axis lengths of the partial ellipse described by the holding arms 105,106 respectively

Ls length of the legs 103,104 of the central portion 102 N free distance of the free end 105a, 106a of

Retaining arms 105,106 to the central portion 102 P clamping screw Rb radius of the bend, with which the holding arms 105,106 are curved starting from the leg 103, 104 carrying them

T clear width between legs 103,104 S rail Sf foot of rail S

U of the holding arms 105,106 each bounded area W effective axis of the clamping force F X central axis of the passage opening 26 Z elastic intermediate layer

Claims

PATENT APPLICATIONS

A system for securing a rail (S) comprising

a sill (1) having a support surface (3) for supporting the foot (Sf) of the rail (S), the support surface (3) being parallel to the longitudinal extent (L) of the rail (S ) extending sides in each one with respect to the support surface (3) higher lying Aufplattfläche (7,8),

- An angle guide plate (20,21), each having a central portion (22), on the underside (23) is formed a bearing surface (24), with which the angle guide plate (20,21) on their respective associated Aufplattfläche (7,8 ) of the threshold (1) can be placed, and one of the central portion (22) integrally formed, from its underside (23) pointing downwards support portion (25), which in the fully assembled system, the free space between the foot (Sf) of the rail (S) and the Aufplattfläche (7,8) bridged,

- A spring element (100,101) which is placed on the angle plate (20,21) and each having two holding arms (105,106), with which it exerts a holding force (H) on the rail (S) in the assembled system, and

a tensioning element (P) which exerts a clamping force (F) on the spring element (100, 101) when the system is completely assembled, characterized in that in the fully assembled system, the effective axis (W) of the clamping element (P) exerted clamping force (F) pierces the Aufplattfläche (7,8).

2. System according to claim 1, characterized in that at the threshold (1) each Aufplattfläche (7.8) is assigned in each case a mold element (14,15) for attaching a clamping element (P), the mounted rail (S) a Holding force (H) on the rail (S) exerting spring element (100,101) with a clamping force (F) keeps tensioned, and that each of the mold elements (14,15) opposite the transition (5,6) between the support surface (3) and the associated with him Aufplattfläche (7,8) respectively in the direction of the relevant

Aufplattfläche (7,8) spaced from the support surface (3) is arranged such that at the threshold (1) fixed clamping element (P), the effective axis (W) of the clamping element (P) generated clamping force (F) that the respective mold element (14,15) associated piercing surface (7,8) pierces.

3. System according to claim 2, wherein at the threshold (1), the transition (5, 6) between the support surface (3) and the respective surface (7, 8) is step-shaped.

4. System according to claim 3, characterized in that the support surface (3) laterally by a respective force receiving surface (12,13) is limited, and that between the force receiving surface (12,13) and the support surface (3) included angle 75 ° to 105 °, in particular 85 ° to 95 °.

5. System according to one of claims 2 to 4, wherein at the threshold (1), the support surface (3) and the Aufplattfläche (7,8) are positioned in planes arranged parallel to each other.

6. A system according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein said threshold is at the threshold

(1) at least one of the surfaces (9, 10, 11) facing away from the support surface (3) and adjacent to the surface (7, 8, 8) starting from the surface of the surface

(7,8) is formed sloping.

7. System according to claim 6, characterized in that the surface (9, 10, 11) adjoining the flattening surface (7, 8) transitions steplessly into the flattening surface (7, 8).

8. A system according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein said threshold (1) is made of a concrete material, a plastic or a mixed material.

9. System according to one of claims 2 to 8, d a d u c h e c e n e c i n e, d a s s in the

On flat surface (7,8) of the threshold (1) as a form element (14,15) for the attachment of the clamping means (P) an opening is formed.

10. The system according to claim 1, wherein the support section (25) has a first contact surface coming into contact with the rail (S) in the assembly position

(25a), one of the first abutment surface (25a) opposite the second abutment surface (25b) which abuts in assembly position on the threshold (1), and in the central portion (22) molded through opening (26) for a clamping means (P) whose central, the central portion (22) piercing axis (X) outside of the support portion

(25) and adjacent to its second abutment surface

(25a) runs.

11. System according to claim 10, characterized in that between the support surface (24) and the second bearing surface (25b) of the angled guide plate (20,21) of the support portion included angle (α) 75 ° to 120 °, in particular 100 ° to 115 ° , is.

12. System according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the central portion (22) on its the underside (23) opposite the upper side (27) form elements (33,34) for guiding a on the angled guide plate (20,21) attachable spring element (100,101 ) for applying a holding force (H) on the rail (S).

13. A system according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein on the underside (23) of the angled guide plate (20, 21), a collar (36) is formed around the edge of the passage opening (26) at least in sections.

14. System according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that in the angled guide plate (20,21) in the region of which the top (27) of the central portion (22) associated with the edge of the passage opening (26) one of the top (27) is assigned projecting collar (35).

15. System according to claim 14, characterized in that the collar (35) runs around the edge of the passage opening (26).

16. A system according to any one of claims 10 to 15, wherein said central portion (22) of said angled guide plate is in contact with said system

(20,21) laterally from this outgoing guide portions (28,29) for the spring element

(100,101) are formed.

17. System according to any one of claims 10 to 16, characterized in that the width of the central portion (22) of the angled guide plate (20,21) is smaller than the width of the support portion (25).

18. The system according to claim 10, wherein the angle guide plate is made of a plastic.

19. System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the spring element (100, 101) has a U-shaped middle section (102), whose limbs

(103,104) in each case one of its support arms (105,106) pass, which are bent starting from the respectively associated legs (103,104) of the central portion (102) in the lateral direction leading away in a continuous and turning point-free running, more than 180 ° comprehensive bend whose Radius (Rb) is always greater than half the clear width between the legs (103,104) of the central portion (102).

20. System according to claim 19, wherein, as seen in plan view, the system measures parallel to the respective limb (103, 104) of the spring element (100, 101)

Extension (Ll) of each of the holding arms (105,106) bounded area (U) is greater than the length (Ls) of the respective holding arm (105,106) associated leg (103,104) of the central portion (102).

21. System according to any one of claims 19 or 20, characterized in that the bending of the holding arms (105,106) so far out is, (102) so that the free ends of the support arms (105,106) are directed in the plan view against the central portion (102).

22. A system according to any one of claims 19 to 21, wherein it is made of a bar steel.

23. The system according to claim 19, wherein the bending of the holding arms (105, 106) in plan view describes at least one pitch circle.

24. A system according to claim 23, wherein the circumference of the pitch circle is at least 70% of the circumference of a full circle of the same diameter.

25. A system according to claim 23 or 24, wherein the ratio of the diameter of the pitch circle respectively described by the holding arms (105, 106) to the diameter (D) of the bar steel is 3 to 8.

26. System according to any one of claims 19 to 23, characterized in that the bend of the holding arms (105,106) each describes at least one partial ellipse.

27. The system of claim 26, wherein the circumference of the partial ellipse is at least 70% of the circumference of a full ellipse having the same axial lengths (L1, L2).

28. A system according to claim 26 or 27, wherein the ratio of the mean of the axial lengths (L1, L2) of the partial ellipse each described by the holding arms (105, 106) to the diameter (D) of the bar steel is 3 to 8.

29. The system according to claim 26, wherein the ratio of the one axis to the other axis of the partial ellipse is 0.5 to 2.

30. A system according to any one of claims 19 to 29, characterized in that, in the case of an unstressed spring element (100, 101), the middle section (102) in a first plane (El) and the retaining arms (105, 106) in a second, relative to the first plane ( El) extend oblique plane (E2).

31. A system according to claim 30, wherein said one of the

Plane included angle (α) is 5 ° to 40 °.

32. System according to one of claims 19 to 31, characterized in that the free distance (N) of the free ends (105a, 106a) of Holding arms (105,106) to the central portion (102) is greater than the thickest diameter (D) of the spring element (100,101).

33. The system of claim 19, wherein the radius of the bend of the support arms is greater than half the length of the legs of the central portion.