EP2478154B1 - Rail fixing device - Google Patents

Rail fixing device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2478154B1
EP2478154B1 EP10754322.5A EP10754322A EP2478154B1 EP 2478154 B1 EP2478154 B1 EP 2478154B1 EP 10754322 A EP10754322 A EP 10754322A EP 2478154 B1 EP2478154 B1 EP 2478154B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
torsion
guide plate
rail
acting
fitted position
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP10754322.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2478154A1 (en
Inventor
Winfried BÖSTERLING
Lutz Rademacher
Adrian Bednarczyk
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vossloh Werke GmbH
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Vossloh Werke GmbH
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Publication date
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Priority to PL10754322T priority Critical patent/PL2478154T3/en
Publication of EP2478154A1 publication Critical patent/EP2478154A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2478154B1 publication Critical patent/EP2478154B1/en
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01BPERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B9/00Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
    • E01B9/02Fastening rails, tie-plates, or chairs directly on sleepers or foundations; Means therefor
    • E01B9/28Fastening on wooden or concrete sleepers or on masonry with clamp members
    • E01B9/30Fastening on wooden or concrete sleepers or on masonry with clamp members by resilient steel clips
    • E01B9/303Fastening on wooden or concrete sleepers or on masonry with clamp members by resilient steel clips the clip being a shaped bar
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01BPERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B9/00Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
    • E01B9/66Rail fastenings allowing the adjustment of the position of the rails, so far as not included in the preceding groups

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a system for fastening a rail to a substrate.
  • the rails are mounted on a solid, such as a concrete sleeper or a single base made of concrete base, with an elastic layer is arranged with defined compliance between the rail and the solid ground.
  • the resilience of the elastic layer is chosen so that the rail when driving over in the region of the respective attachment shows the same behavior as in the freely spanned by her, unsupported area between two fasteners.
  • the rail fastening is in such fortifications the task of securing the position of the rail in the horizontal transverse direction to its longitudinal extent and to prevent lifting of the rail in the vertical direction of the elastic layer.
  • the rail is a the rail foot laterally overlapping, substantially C-shaped elastic bearing profile, which is located on a concrete existing threshold.
  • a quiet, damped running of the tram should be guaranteed on the rail.
  • clamping profiles are used, which are fixed by means of a respective screwed into the threshold mounting screw.
  • the clamping profiles have a supported on the threshold mounting portion to which a projection is formed, which presses in the assembled state on the free upper side of the rail foot.
  • trapezoidal track profiles which are displaceable on lateral track edges of the rail supports of the sleeper are additionally provided in the known system, having track slots parallel to the rail longitudinal direction for the fastening screws.
  • the track profiles form in this way a horizontally adjustable transverse guide of each associated rail.
  • This known system comprises a guide plate, which has a bearing surface, with which it is supported in the mounting position on the ground, a the foot of the rail to be fastened rail associated bearing surface and a leading from its top to its support surface passage opening.
  • a pluggable through the passage opening of the guide plate and fastenable in the ground clamping element is also provided in this known system.
  • this known system also includes a spring element, which is bent from a spring wire and has an center loop with parallel legs and outgoing therefrom support sections. These support sections are bent starting from the respective associated leg of the middle loop to the outside and supported with its respective free end in the assembled state against the foot of the rail to be fastened. In this way, the legs of the spring element each act as a torsion portion, which exerts a mounting position directly directed to the rail foot elastic restoring force by which the rail to be fastened is pressed elastically against the respective threshold.
  • a system comparable to the system described above for fastening a rail to a solid base is known from US 5,156,337 WO 2006/061234 A1 known.
  • this system comprises a guide plate having a support surface, with which it is supported in the mounting position on the ground, a the foot of the rail to be fastened associated bearing surface and a leading from its top to its support surface passage opening.
  • a clamping element inserted, which is attached to the ground and stretched over the mounting position in the bent of a spring wire spring element.
  • the spring element has also in this case an intermediate loop with parallel legs as well as outgoing support sections.
  • the problem to be solved by the invention was to provide a system for the attachment of a rail, which is not only easy to assemble, but also ensures a secure hold of the rail over a prolonged period of use.
  • a system for fastening a rail to a substrate which may be formed in particular by a threshold or a corresponding single support point made of concrete or a comparatively solid material, comprises a guide plate, a fastening element and a spring element.
  • the guide plate serves as a guide of the rail in the horizontal direction. On the other hand, it forms in combination with the spring element in the assembled position a stop for movements of the rail in the vertical direction.
  • the guide plate has a bearing surface, with which it is supported in the mounting position on the ground.
  • the guide plate can either rest directly on the ground or it can, if this proves to be necessary, between the ground and the guide plate, a further layer be present, for example, an elastic support or protection against wear.
  • the guide plate For the lateral, horizontal guidance of the rail, the guide plate also has a contact surface on which rests in the mounting position of the rail with its long side.
  • the guide plate of a system according to the invention also has a leading from its top to its support surface through hole for a clamping element is formed, which is inserted through the passage opening of the guide plate to be fixed in the ground.
  • the tensioning element is used for tensioning a spring element bent from a spring wire which, in the assembly position, applies an elastic hold-down force to the guide plate.
  • the spring element acts in the manner of a stop, by which the vertical movements are limited, which performs the rail when driving over a rail vehicle.
  • the spring element has at least one torsion section, at one end of which a first support section which is angled relative to the torsion section and at the other end of which a further support section bent from the torsion section is formed.
  • the length and the angular position of the first support portion with respect to the torsion portion are dimensioned such that in the assembled position of the first support portion of the spring element supported on an associated support surface on the upper side of the guide plate and the spring element is clamped by means of the clamping element against the ground so that the torsion portion exerts an elastic restoring force.
  • the length of the torsion section of the spring element is dimensioned so that the torsion section in the assembly position with its end assigned to the further support section projects beyond the contact surface of the guide plate in the direction of the rail.
  • the torsion portion has a sufficient length to ensure in the assembled state, the required elasticity with which the guide plate is held down.
  • the second connected to the Torsionsabites support portion is shaped so that it is also supported in the mounting position on the guide plate and forms an abutment for the torsion of Torsionsabitess.
  • the section of the torsion section which projects beyond the contact surface of the guide plate forms as a support a stop for the vertical movements of the rail.
  • the inventive shaping of the guide plate and spring element thus achieves a vertical, perpendicular to the respective substrate direction resiliently resilient support of the rail foot, in which the pressure exerted on the rail hold-down forces are determined solely by the force with which the projecting beyond the rail push further support section on the rail foot.
  • the shape of the guide plate and the arrangement of the spring element to match so that at best minimal, in particular no hold-down forces are exerted on the rail in the unloaded mounting state.
  • the distance between the base of the rail to be fastened rail associated underside of the projection of the footprint of the guide plate be substantially equal to the distance of the free surface of the rail foot to the surface of the solid ground.
  • an insulator element consisting of a nonconductive material which protrudes from a system according to the invention mounted mounting point between the rail and the foot over the rail Area of the spring element is arranged.
  • the insulating element may be provided with at least one latching device, via which it can be latched to the region of the spring element assigned to it.
  • the low hold-down forces according to the invention which are exerted by the spring element in the assembled state with unloaded rail on the rail, can be precisely dosed in a particularly simple manner that at least one projecting beyond the contact surface in the direction of the associated rail protrusion is formed on the guide plate. This is then shaped and arranged so that it protrudes in the mounting position on the free top of the rail foot, in particular rests with little or no hold-down force on her, and as such forms the stop for the vertical movement of the rail.
  • the projection also serves as an insulator which isolates the spring element against the rail foot.
  • a predetermined breaking point can be provided in the region of the transition from the projection to the guide plate. After breakage of the predetermined breaking point of the projection continues to serve as an insulator and continues to ensure that the applied by the spring element hold-down forces are distributed over a large area on the rail.
  • the area of the spring element that projects beyond the rail base with the further support section in the assembled state thus delimits the vertical movements that the rail performs during operation, without exerting large hold-down forces on the rail in the unloaded state of the rail.
  • the rail owns Accordingly, in the vertical direction, a comparably large free travel and yet it is on the other hand secured that their induced under load by a rail vehicle movements are too large.
  • the elastic layer is preferably designed so that the rail at least approximately drops as well as in the areas between when passing through a rail vehicle in the region of the attachment formed by means of a system according to the invention two thresholds where it is not supported.
  • the invention thus provides a fastening system which, with a very small number of components, ensures permanently secure guidance of a rail, in particular for tram traffic or comparable applications.
  • the small number of parts makes that Not only is the system according to the invention particularly easy to assemble, but it also makes it possible to produce such a system in a particularly cost-effective manner.
  • the portion of the torsion section of the spring element which projects beyond the contact surface can be used particularly effectively as support for the stop produced by the optionally available projection of the guide plate, if in assembly position at least the further support section or the torsion section rest on the projection of the guide plate and the projection Has on its free, remote from the footprint of the guide plate top at least one guide for the further support portion or the torsion portion.
  • the guide plate on its side opposite the contact surface has a support surface whose extension in the longitudinal direction of the contact surface intersects at an acute angle, and on the solid ground, a shoulder is formed on the mounting position in the guide plate is supported with its support surface can Even with a system according to the invention in a simple way, a gage adjustment can be made. This can be carried out particularly easily when the passage opening of the guide plate is formed as an oblong hole whose longitudinal axis is aligned axially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the support surface.
  • the position of the guide plate in the respective desired track corresponding position can thereby additionally be secured, that in the upper side of the guide plate locking surfaces are formed, so that in the mounting position, the spring element is supported in response to the respective position of the guide plate with respect to the clamping element in one of the locking surfaces.
  • the guide plate is preferably made of an electrically insulating material, such as a plastic. This not only allows a particularly cost-effective and simple production, but also allows a relation to the solid ground overall insulated attachment of the rail.
  • a screw can be used, the screw head acts in the mounting position on the torsion portion of the spring element.
  • a bolt on which a nut is screwed for bracing the spring element, or another suitable for generating sufficiently high clamping forces clamping element can be used in a system according to the invention.
  • a particularly easy to assemble and at the same time functional embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the longitudinal axis of the further support portion of the spring element in the same plane as the longitudinal axis of the Torsionsabitess.
  • the spring element has a shape in which the torsion sections and the support sections formed thereon are arranged mirror-symmetrically.
  • a refinement which is further optimized with regard to practical use is characterized in that the torsion sections extend parallel to one another.
  • the support sections of the spring element aligned angled relative to the associated torsion section can have any desired shape.
  • a space-saving and at the same time very secure support of the respective support sections arises when they are bent over an angular range of more than 90 °.
  • the spring element provided according to the invention has a shape approximating that of a classical S- or W-shaped tension clamp, in which case the length of the spring arms facing the associated rail is in each case such is greatly reduced that the rail foot is not touched by them.
  • the rail is supported on the solid ground via an elastic layer, it may be advantageous to minimize the noise emissions if the elastic layer covers at least the rail foot and the rail web.
  • the rail S formed in the manner of a grooved rail on a solid ground formed by a concrete sleeper B is made by two identically formed systems S1, S2, each comprising a guide plate 1, a spring element 2 and a clamping element 3 as a clamping element.
  • a flat footprint 4 is formed, which collides at its longitudinal edges with the longitudinal sides of the threshold B and is bounded on their narrow sides by a respective shoulder 5,6.
  • the contact surfaces 4 associated, mutually parallel contact surfaces 7.8 of the shoulders 5.6 each meet at an acute angle to the longitudinal edges of the footprint 4, so that the footprint 4 in plan view has the shape of a parallelogram.
  • the guide plate 1 made of a non-conductive, such as fiber-reinforced plastic has on its underside in each case a bearing surface 9, with which it lies in the mounting state on the footprint 4 of the threshold B. At its rail foot F of the rail S associated side abuts the support surface 9 on a contact surface 10 which is aligned approximately at right angles to the support surface 9. With the exception of their adjacent to the top 11 of the guide plate 1 corner regions and also adjacent to the upper side 11 central region extends Contact surface 10 thereby over the entire height of the guide plate 1. In the respective corner areas in each case in the direction of the web E of the rail S pointing projection 12,13 is integrally formed on the guide plate 1. The projections 12,13 serve as additional protection against tilting of the rail S or the guide plate. 1
  • a U-shaped projection 14 integrally formed on the guide plate 1, which also points in the direction of the web E of the rail S.
  • the projecting beyond the contact surface 10 length of the projection 14 is significantly larger than the corresponding length of the shaped like stops attacks projections 12,13.
  • a predetermined breaking point 27 extending along the contact surface 10 is formed, on which the projection 14 breaks off from the guide plate 1 when the load is correspondingly high.
  • the distance Av of the underside of the projections 12,13,14 from the support surface 9 of the guide plate 1 is at least as large as the respective distance Af of the top 15 of the rail foot F to the footprint 4 of the concrete sleeper B. In this way, when fully assembled System S1, S2 on the projection 14 and a guided therein middle loop of the spring element 2 at most a very low hold-down force on the rail foot F exerted.
  • the U-shape of the projection 14 following guideway 16 is formed.
  • a trained as a slot through hole 18 is formed in the guide plate 1, which leads from the top 11 to the support surface 9 of the guide plate 1.
  • the longitudinal axis L18 of the through hole 18 is aligned so that it intersects the contact surface 10 at an acute angle.
  • a further support surface 20 is finally formed, which is aligned parallel to the longitudinal axis L18 of the passage opening 18 and substantially perpendicular to the support surface 9 of the guide plate 1.
  • the guide plate 1 is supported on the respective associated bearing surface 7 and 8 of the shoulders 5 and 6 of the concrete sleeper 5.
  • Adjust BR to adjust the gauge of the track to which the rail S belongs. The travel of this adjustment is limited by the length of the passage opening 18.
  • the clamping screw 3 of the systems S1, S2 are each a conventional sleeper screw.
  • an opening 21 is provided in the threshold B, in which a plastic anchor, not shown here sits.
  • the spring element 2 has a mirror-symmetrical shape approximating to W and comprises two mutually parallel torsion sections 22, 23, which are connected at their one end to a support section 24, 25 and at their other end via a further support section 26.
  • the first-mentioned support sections 24, 25 are each angled downwards from the respective torsion section 22, 23 with respect to the associated torsion section 22, 23, and each encompass an angular range of approximately 180 ° in the form of an arc of a circle.
  • the torsion portions 22,23 interconnecting support portion 26 is formed semicircular.
  • the rail foot F and the web E of the rail are completely covered with a layer G of an elastic material. This ensures with ready-mounted attachment of the rail S on the one hand a defined compliance and on the other hand a minimized noise emission when driving over the rail S.
  • the rail S is placed with its rail foot F with the elastic layer G-clad rail foot on the footprint 4 of the threshold B.
  • the guide plates 1 of the systems S1, S2 are positioned so that, with proper compliance with the prescribed track width, the rail S is guided laterally substantially free of play between the shoulders 5.6 of the threshold B.
  • the rail foot F rests with its longitudinal sides against the contact surface 10 of the guide plates 1.
  • the spring elements 2 are placed on the guide plates 1 that their free support sections 24,25 sitting on the support surface 19 of the guide plate 1.
  • the length of the torsion sections 22, 23 of the spring element 1 is selected such that the torsion sections 22, 23 and the support section 26 connecting them to one another are guided beyond the contact surface 10 in the guide track 16 formed in the projection 14.
  • the respective clamping screw 3 is screwed into its respective associated opening 21 of the threshold S until the screw head of the clamping screw 3, the respective spring element 2 is pressed so far against its associated guide plate 1 that on the associated with the depression twisting the torsion portions 22,23 a sufficient elastic hold-down force acts on the guide plates 1.
  • the respective clamping screw 3 of the systems S1, S2 is thus protected against excessive impact, so that the risk of premature loosening of the attachment is safely prevented.
  • the projection 14 breaks off at the predetermined breaking point, so that the middle loop of the spring element 2 is supported on the rail foot F.
  • the predetermined breaking point thus ensures that even with a beyond the projection 14 own elasticity stress, for example, as a result of a particularly large movement of the rail foot in the vertical direction, this burden is kept away from the attachment of the guide plate 1 and resiliently intercepted.
  • FIG. 7 which shows an alternative embodiment of a rail fastening according to the invention
  • the same reference numerals have been assigned to those used in this attachment components that have been used in the attachment described above, as in the FIGS. 1 to 6 ,
  • the systems S3, S4 each comprise a spring element 2, a clamping element 3 designed as a clamping screw, a guide plate 30 and an insulator element 31.
  • the guide plate 30 is not provided with the projections 12, 13 or 14 comparable molded element formed so that the guide plates 30 are limited by their contact surface 10 in the direction of the rail S.
  • the further support section 26 and the end sections of the torsion sections 22, 23 of the respective spring element 2 assigned to the support section do not lie on a projection fixedly connected to the respective guide plate in the original state, but stand freely above the respective guide plate 30 Direction of the rail S before.
  • the insulator element 31 made of a non-conductive material is between the rail F and the positioned above him arranged further support portion 26 and coupled by means of a latching connection 32 captive, but releasably coupled to the support portion 26.
  • the insulator element 31 On its side assigned to the rail foot F, the insulator element 31 has a flat bearing surface, by means of which the small forces applied by the spring element 2 are distributed uniformly over the elastic layer G.
  • the function of the insulator element 31 corresponds to the function of the projection 14 provided in the systems S1, S2, after the projection 14 has been separated from the respective guide plate 1 as a result of breakage of the predetermined breaking point 27.
  • open recesses 33 are formed in the side facing away from the contact surface 10 side of the guide plates 30 upwards and to the side facing away from the rail S. In these recesses 33 sit, as in the right part of the Fig. 7 shown, in pre-assembly, the ends of the first support portions 24,25 of the spring elements. 2
  • the invention thus relates to a guide plate 1.30, a fastening element 3 and a spring element 2 comprehensive system S1, S2 for the attachment of a rail S on a solid surface B.
  • the guide plate 1.30 serves as a guide rail S in horizontal and as a stop for movements of the rail S in the vertical direction.
  • the guide plate 1.30 has a contact surface 10, on which, in the assembly position, the rail foot F with its longitudinal side is applied.
  • On the guide plate 1.30 is optionally at least one on the contact surface 10 in the direction of the associated rail S protruding projection 14 formed, which lies with minimized hold-down force on the rail S and as such forms the stop for the vertical movement of the rail S.
  • the resting on the guide plate 1.30 spring element 2 is designed and supported in the assembled state on the associated guide plate 1.30, that it exerts substantially no hold-down force on the rail S, but only the guide plate 1.30 elastic against that for their attachment inserted clamping element 3 is supported.
  • the spring element 2 has a W- or S-shaped configuration and protrudes with one of the two torsion sections 22, 23 and the intermediate section 26 between the middle loop section so far over the rail foot F that the rail foot F, when in the vertical direction is moved away from the solid substrate B upwards, is held by the spring element 2 resiliently.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Railway Tracks (AREA)
  • Bearings For Parts Moving Linearly (AREA)
  • Accommodation For Nursing Or Treatment Tables (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)
  • Invalid Beds And Related Equipment (AREA)
  • Connections Arranged To Contact A Plurality Of Conductors (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein System zum Befestigen einer Schiene auf einem Untergrund.The invention relates to a system for fastening a rail to a substrate.

Bei der Befestigung von Schienen, die mit geringeren Lasten und Geschwindigkeiten befahren werden, wie es beispielsweise bei Straßenbahnen der Fall ist, stehen einerseits ein möglichst geringer Verschleiß und andererseits der Fahrkomfort sowie die Minimierung von Schallemissionen im Vordergrund. Gleichzeitig sollen solche Befestigungen einfach montierbar und kostengünstig herstellbar sein.In the attachment of rails that are used at lower loads and speeds, as is the case for trams, on the one hand the lowest possible wear and on the other hand the ride comfort and the minimization of noise emissions in the foreground. At the same time such fasteners should be easy to install and inexpensive to produce.

Bei in der Praxis eingesetzten Schienenbefestigungen werden diese Anforderungen dadurch erfüllt, dass die Schienen auf einem festen, beispielsweise einer Betonschwelle oder einem aus Beton gefertigten Einzelstützpunkt gebildeten Untergrund montiert werden, wobei zwischen dem Schienenfuß und dem festen Untergrund eine elastische Schicht mit definierter Nachgiebigkeit angeordnet wird. Die Nachgiebigkeit der elastischen Schicht wird dabei so gewählt, dass die Schiene beim Überfahren im Bereich der jeweiligen Befestigung dasselbe Verhalten zeigt, wie in dem von ihr frei überspannten, nicht unterstützten Bereich zwischen zwei Befestigungen. Der Schienenbefestigung kommt bei solchen Befestigungen die Aufgabe zu, die Lage der Schiene in horizontaler Querrichtung zu ihrer Längserstreckung zu sichern und ein Abheben der Schiene in vertikaler Richtung von der elastischen Lage zu verhindern.In rail fasteners used in practice, these requirements are met in that the rails are mounted on a solid, such as a concrete sleeper or a single base made of concrete base, with an elastic layer is arranged with defined compliance between the rail and the solid ground. The resilience of the elastic layer is chosen so that the rail when driving over in the region of the respective attachment shows the same behavior as in the freely spanned by her, unsupported area between two fasteners. The rail fastening is in such fortifications the task of securing the position of the rail in the horizontal transverse direction to its longitudinal extent and to prevent lifting of the rail in the vertical direction of the elastic layer.

Bei einem aus der DE 198 48 928 A1 bekannten Schienenbefestigungssystem steht die Schiene ein einem den Schienenfuß seitlich übergreifenden, im Wesentlichen C-förmigen elastischen Lagerprofil, das auf einer aus Beton bestehenden Schwelle liegt. Durch diese Anordnung soll ein geräuscharmer, gedämpfter Lauf der Straßenbahn auf der Schiene gewährleistet sein. Zum Niederhalten der Schiene werden Klemmprofile verwendet, die mittels jeweils einer in die Schwelle eingeschraubten Befestigungsschraube fixiert werden. Die Klemmprofile weisen dabei einen auf der Schwelle abgestützten Befestigungsabschnitt auf, an den ein Vorsprung angeformt ist, der im Montagezustand auf die freie Oberseite des Schienenfußes drückt. Um gleichzeitig eine Spurweitenanpassung zu ermöglichen, sind bei dem bekannten System zusätzlich trapezförmige, an seitlichen Spurkanten der Schienenauflager der Schwelle verschiebbare Spurprofile vorgesehen, die zur Schienenlängsrichtung parallele Langlöcher für die Befestigungsschrauben aufweisen. Die Spurprofile bilden auf diese Weise eine in horizontaler Richtung verstellbare Querführung der jeweils zugeordneten Schiene.At one of the DE 198 48 928 A1 known rail fastening system, the rail is a the rail foot laterally overlapping, substantially C-shaped elastic bearing profile, which is located on a concrete existing threshold. By this arrangement, a quiet, damped running of the tram should be guaranteed on the rail. To hold down the rail clamping profiles are used, which are fixed by means of a respective screwed into the threshold mounting screw. The clamping profiles have a supported on the threshold mounting portion to which a projection is formed, which presses in the assembled state on the free upper side of the rail foot. In order to simultaneously enable a track width adjustment, trapezoidal track profiles which are displaceable on lateral track edges of the rail supports of the sleeper are additionally provided in the known system, having track slots parallel to the rail longitudinal direction for the fastening screws. The track profiles form in this way a horizontally adjustable transverse guide of each associated rail.

Ein anderes System für die Befestigung einer Schiene auf Schwellen ist aus der DE 28 10 618 B1 bekannt. Dieses bekannte System umfasst eine Führungsplatte, die eine Auflagefläche, mit der sie in Montagestellung auf dem Untergrund abgestützt ist, eine dem Schienenfuß der zu befestigenden Schiene zugeordnete Anlagefläche und eine von ihrer Oberseite zu ihrer Auflagefläche führende Durchgangsöffnung aufweist. Darüber hinaus ist auch bei diesem bekannten System ein durch die Durchgangsöffnung der Führungsplatte steckbares und in dem Untergrund befestigbares Spannelement vorgesehen. Schließlich gehört zu diesem bekannten System auch ein Federelement, das aus einem Federdraht gebogen ist und eine Mittelschlaufe mit parallel verlaufenden Schenkeln sowie davon abgehende Stützabschnitte aufweist. Diese Stützabschnitte sind ausgehend vom jeweils zugeordneten Schenkel der Mittelschlaufe nach außen gebogen und mit ihrem jeweiligen freien Ende im fertig montierten Zustand gegen den Fuß der zu befestigenden Schiene abgestützt. Auf diese Weise wirken die Schenkel des Federelements jeweils als Torsionsabschnitt, der in Montagestellung eine direkt auf den Schienenfuß gerichtete elastische Rückstellkraft ausübt, durch die die zu befestigende Schiene elastisch gegen die jeweilige Schwelle gedrückt wird.Another system for mounting a rail on sleepers is from the DE 28 10 618 B1 known. This known system comprises a guide plate, which has a bearing surface, with which it is supported in the mounting position on the ground, a the foot of the rail to be fastened rail associated bearing surface and a leading from its top to its support surface passage opening. In addition, a pluggable through the passage opening of the guide plate and fastenable in the ground clamping element is also provided in this known system. Finally, this known system also includes a spring element, which is bent from a spring wire and has an center loop with parallel legs and outgoing therefrom support sections. These support sections are bent starting from the respective associated leg of the middle loop to the outside and supported with its respective free end in the assembled state against the foot of the rail to be fastened. In this way, the legs of the spring element each act as a torsion portion, which exerts a mounting position directly directed to the rail foot elastic restoring force by which the rail to be fastened is pressed elastically against the respective threshold.

Ein mit dem voranstehend beschriebenen System vergleichbares System zum Befestigen einer Schiene auf einem festen Untergrund ist aus der WO 2006/061234 A1 bekannt. Auch dieses System umfasst eine Führungsplatte, die eine Auflagefläche, mit der sie in Montagestellung auf dem Untergrund abgestützt ist, eine dem Schienenfuß der zu befestigenden Schiene zugeordnete Anlagefläche und eine von ihrer Oberseite zu ihrer Auflagefläche führende Durchgangsöffnung aufweist. Durch die Durchgangsöffnung ist ebenfalls ein Spannelement gesteckt, das an dem Untergrund befestigt und über das in Montagestellung ein aus einem Federdraht gebogenes Federelement gespannt ist. Das Federelement weist auch in diesem Fall eine Mittelschlaufe mit parallel verlaufenden Schenkeln sowie davon abgehende Stützabschnitte auf. Diese Stützabschnitte sind ausgehend vom jeweils zugeordneten Schenkel der Mittelschlaufe zunächst nach außen gebogen und dann in einem Bogenzug so wieder zurück in Richtung der Mittelschlaufe gebogen, dass sie mit ihrem jeweiligen freien Ende im fertig montierten Zustand gegen den Fuß der zu befestigenden Schiene abgestützt sind. Auch beim aus der WO 2006/061234 A1 bekannten Stand der Technik wirkt somit in Montagestellung das Federelement mit seinem freien Ende direkt auf den Fuß der zu befestigenden Schiene.A system comparable to the system described above for fastening a rail to a solid base is known from US 5,156,337 WO 2006/061234 A1 known. Also, this system comprises a guide plate having a support surface, with which it is supported in the mounting position on the ground, a the foot of the rail to be fastened associated bearing surface and a leading from its top to its support surface passage opening. Through the passage opening is also a clamping element inserted, which is attached to the ground and stretched over the mounting position in the bent of a spring wire spring element. The spring element has also in this case an intermediate loop with parallel legs as well as outgoing support sections. These support sections are initially bent outwards from the respective associated leg of the middle loop and then bent back in a curved path in the direction of the middle loop, that they are supported with their respective free end in the assembled state against the foot of the rail to be fastened. Also from the WO 2006/061234 A1 known prior art thus acts in the mounting position, the spring element with its free end directly on the foot of the rail to be fastened.

Als problematisch hat sich im praktischen Einsatz von Schienenbefestigungen der voranstehend erläuterten Art erwiesen, dass sich die Befestigungsschrauben lockern, so dass die Befestigung bereits nach vergleichbar kurzer Einsatzdauer gewartet werden muss.A problem that has proven in the practical use of rail fasteners of the type described above, that loosen the mounting screws, so that the attachment has to be maintained after a comparatively short period of use.

Vor diesem Hintergrund bestand die von der Erfindung zu lösende Aufgabe darin, ein System für die Befestigung einer Schiene zu schaffen, das nicht nur einfach zu montieren ist, sondern gleichzeitig über eine verlängerte Einsatzdauer auch einen sicheren Halt der Schiene gewährleistet.Against this background, the problem to be solved by the invention was to provide a system for the attachment of a rail, which is not only easy to assemble, but also ensures a secure hold of the rail over a prolonged period of use.

Erfindungsgemäß ist diese Aufgabe in Bezug auf das System durch ein gemäß Anspruch 1 gestaltetes System zur Schienenbefestigung gelöst worden. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des erfindungsgemäßen Systems sind in den auf Anspruch 1 rückbezogenen Ansprüchen angegeben.According to the invention, this object with respect to the system by a designed according to claim 1 system for Rail fastening has been solved. Advantageous embodiments of the system according to the invention are specified in the dependent claims on claim 1.

Ein erfindungsgemäßes System zum Befestigen einer Schiene auf einem Untergrund, der insbesondere durch eine aus Beton oder einem vergleichbar festen Material erzeugte Schwelle oder einen entsprechenden Einzelstützpunkt gebildet sein kann, umfasst eine Führungsplatte, ein Befestigungselement und ein Federelement.A system according to the invention for fastening a rail to a substrate, which may be formed in particular by a threshold or a corresponding single support point made of concrete or a comparatively solid material, comprises a guide plate, a fastening element and a spring element.

Die Führungsplatte dient einerseits als Führung der Schiene in horizontaler Richtung. Andererseits bildet sie in Kombination mit dem Federelement in Montagestellung einen Anschlag für Bewegungen der Schiene in vertikaler Richtung.The guide plate serves as a guide of the rail in the horizontal direction. On the other hand, it forms in combination with the spring element in the assembled position a stop for movements of the rail in the vertical direction.

Die Führungsplatte weist eine Auflagefläche auf, mit der sie in Montagestellung auf dem Untergrund abgestützt ist. Dabei kann die Führungsplatte entweder direkt auf dem Untergrund aufliegen oder es kann, sofern sich dies als erforderlich erweist, zwischen dem Untergrund und der Führungsplatte eine weitere Lage vorhanden sein, die beispielsweise einer elastischen Abstützung oder einem Schutz vor Verschleiß dient.The guide plate has a bearing surface, with which it is supported in the mounting position on the ground. In this case, the guide plate can either rest directly on the ground or it can, if this proves to be necessary, between the ground and the guide plate, a further layer be present, for example, an elastic support or protection against wear.

Für die seitliche, horizontale Führung der Schiene besitzt die Führungsplatte zudem eine Anlagefläche, an der in Montagestellung der Schienenfuß mit seiner Längsseite anliegt.For the lateral, horizontal guidance of the rail, the guide plate also has a contact surface on which rests in the mounting position of the rail with its long side.

Schließlich ist in die Führungsplatte eines erfindungsgemäßen Systems auch noch eine von ihrer Oberseite zu ihrer Auflagefläche führende Durchgangsöffnung für ein Spannelement eingeformt, das durch die Durchgangsöffnung der Führungsplatte gesteckt wird, um in dem Untergrund befestigt zu werden.Finally, in the guide plate of a system according to the invention also has a leading from its top to its support surface through hole for a clamping element is formed, which is inserted through the passage opening of the guide plate to be fixed in the ground.

Das Spannelement dient zum Spannen eines aus einem Federdraht gebogenen Federelements, das in Montagestellung eine elastische Niederhaltekraft auf die Führungsplatte aufbringt. Gleichzeitig wirkt das Federelement nach Art eines Anschlags, durch das die Vertikalbewegungen begrenzt sind, die die Schiene beim Überfahren durch ein Schienenfahrzeug ausführt.The tensioning element is used for tensioning a spring element bent from a spring wire which, in the assembly position, applies an elastic hold-down force to the guide plate. At the same time, the spring element acts in the manner of a stop, by which the vertical movements are limited, which performs the rail when driving over a rail vehicle.

Um diese Doppelfunktion zu erfüllen, weist das Federelement mindestens einen Torsionsabschnitt auf, an dessen einem Ende ein gegenüber dem Torsionsabschnitt abgewinkelt ausgerichteter erster Stützabschnitt und an dessen anderem Ende ein von dem Torsionsabschnitt abgebogener weiterer Stützabschnitt ausgebildet ist. Die Länge und die Winkelstellung des ersten Stützabschnitts in Bezug auf den Torsionsabschnitt sind dabei derart bemessen, dass in Montagestellung der erste Stützabschnitt des Federelements auf einer zugeordneten Stützfläche an der Oberseite der Führungsplatte abgestützt und das Federelement mittels des Spannelements gegen den Untergrund so verspannt ist, dass der Torsionsabschnitt eine elastische Rückstellkraft ausübt. Dementsprechend weist der erste Stützabschnitt bei entspanntem Federelement in radialer Richtung unter einem Winkel so von dem Torsionsabschnitt weg, dass er im verspannten Zustand ein Moment auf den Torsionsabschnitt ausübt, durch das der Torsionsabschnitt tordiert wird. Gleichzeitig ist die Länge des Torsionsabschnitts des Federelements so bemessen, dass der Torsionsabschnitt in Montagestellung mit seinem dem weiteren Stützabschnitt zugeordneten Ende über die Anlagefläche der Führungsplatte in Richtung der Schiene hinaus steht.In order to fulfill this dual function, the spring element has at least one torsion section, at one end of which a first support section which is angled relative to the torsion section and at the other end of which a further support section bent from the torsion section is formed. The length and the angular position of the first support portion with respect to the torsion portion are dimensioned such that in the assembled position of the first support portion of the spring element supported on an associated support surface on the upper side of the guide plate and the spring element is clamped by means of the clamping element against the ground so that the torsion portion exerts an elastic restoring force. Accordingly, the first support portion with relaxed spring element in the radial direction at an angle away from the Torsionsabschnitt so that he strained state exerts a moment on the torsion section, through which the torsion is twisted. At the same time, the length of the torsion section of the spring element is dimensioned so that the torsion section in the assembly position with its end assigned to the further support section projects beyond the contact surface of the guide plate in the direction of the rail.

Auf diese Weise besitzt der Torsionsabschnitt eine ausreichende Länge, um im Montagezustand die erforderliche Elastizität, mit der die Führungsplatte niedergehalten wird, zu gewährleisten. Der zweite an den Torsionsabschnitt angeschlossene Stützabschnitt ist dazu so geformt, dass er in Montagestellung ebenfalls an der Führungsplatte abgestützt ist und ein Gegenlager für die Torsion des Torsionsabschnitts bildet.In this way, the torsion portion has a sufficient length to ensure in the assembled state, the required elasticity with which the guide plate is held down. The second connected to the Torsionsabschnitt support portion is shaped so that it is also supported in the mounting position on the guide plate and forms an abutment for the torsion of Torsionsabschnitts.

Gleichzeitig bildet der über die Anlagefläche der Führungsplatte hinaus stehende Abschnitt des Torsionsabschnitts als Unterstützung einen Anschlag für die vertikalen Bewegungen der Schiene.At the same time, the section of the torsion section which projects beyond the contact surface of the guide plate forms as a support a stop for the vertical movements of the rail.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Formgebung von Führungsplatte und Federelement wird somit eine in vertikaler, senkrecht zu dem jeweiligen Untergrund gerichteter Richtung elastisch nachgiebige Abstützung des Schienenfußes erreicht, bei der die auf den Schienenfuß ausgeübten Niederhaltekräfte alleine durch die Kraft bestimmt werden, mit der der über den Schienenfuß hinausstehende weitere Stützabschnitt auf den Schienenfuß drückt. Auf diese Weise ist es bei einem erfindungsgemäßen System ohne weiteres möglich, die Form der Führungsplatte und die Anordnung des Federelements so aufeinander abzustimmen, dass im unbelasteten Montagezustand allenfalls minimale, insbesondere keine Niederhaltekräfte auf den Schienenfuß ausgeübt werden.The inventive shaping of the guide plate and spring element thus achieves a vertical, perpendicular to the respective substrate direction resiliently resilient support of the rail foot, in which the pressure exerted on the rail hold-down forces are determined solely by the force with which the projecting beyond the rail push further support section on the rail foot. In this way it is readily possible in a system according to the invention, the shape of the guide plate and the arrangement of the spring element to match so that at best minimal, in particular no hold-down forces are exerted on the rail in the unloaded mounting state.

Letzteres erweist sich dann als besonders zweckmäßig, wenn zwischen dem Schienenfuß und dem festen Untergrund eine elastische Zwischenlage eingebaut ist, die eine definierte Nachgiebigkeit der Schiene beim Überfahren der jeweiligen Befestigung gewährleistet. Zu diesem Zweck kann bei einer erfindungsgemäßen Befestigung bzw. einem erfindungsgemäßen System der Abstand der dem Schienenfuß der zu befestigenden Schiene zugeordneten Unterseite des Vorsprungs von der Aufstandfläche der Führungsplatte im Wesentlichen gleich dem Abstand der freien Oberfläche des Schienenfußes zur Oberfläche des festen Untergrundes sein.The latter proves to be particularly useful when an elastic intermediate layer is installed between the rail and the solid ground, which ensures a defined compliance of the rail when driving over the respective attachment. For this purpose, in a fastening according to the invention or a system according to the invention, the distance between the base of the rail to be fastened rail associated underside of the projection of the footprint of the guide plate be substantially equal to the distance of the free surface of the rail foot to the surface of the solid ground.

Um die elektrische Isolierung des üblicherweise aus einem leitfähigen Federstahl gefertigten Federelements gegenüber der zu befestigenden Schiene zu gewährleisten, kann ein aus einem nicht leitenden Werkstoff bestehendes Isolatorelement vorgesehen sein, das bei aus einem erfindungsgemäßen System fertig montierten Befestigungspunkt zwischen dem Schienenfuß und dem über den Schienenfuß hinausstehenden Bereich des Federelements angeordnet ist. Um die Montage dieses Isolierelements zu erleichtern, kann das Isolierelement mit mindestens einer Rasteinrichtung versehen sein, über die es an dem ihm zugeordneten Bereich des Federelements verrastbar ist.In order to ensure the electrical insulation of the usually made of a conductive spring steel spring element relative to the rail to be fastened, an insulator element consisting of a nonconductive material can be provided which protrudes from a system according to the invention mounted mounting point between the rail and the foot over the rail Area of the spring element is arranged. In order to facilitate the mounting of this insulating element, the insulating element may be provided with at least one latching device, via which it can be latched to the region of the spring element assigned to it.

Die erfindungsgemäß geringen Niederhaltekräfte, die von dem Federelement im Montagezustand bei unbelasteter Schiene auf den Schienenfuß ausgeübt werden, können dadurch auf besonders einfache Weise exakt dosiert werden, dass an die Führungsplatte mindestens ein über die Anlagefläche in Richtung der zugeordneten Schiene hinausragender Vorsprung angeformt ist. Dieser ist dann so geformt und angeordnet, dass er in Montagestellung über die freie Oberseite des Schienenfußes ragt, insbesondere mit geringer oder gar keiner Niederhaltekraft auf ihr aufliegt, und als solcher den Anschlag für die vertikalen Bewegungen der Schiene bildet. Im Fall, dass die Führungsplatte aus einem nicht leitenden Material besteht, dient der Vorsprung gleichzeitig als Isolator, der das Federelement gegen den Schienenfuß isoliert. Um bei zu großen Vertikalbewegungen der Schiene Beschädigungen von der Führungsplatte fernzuhalten, kann im Bereich des Übergangs vom Vorsprung zu der Führungsplatte eine Sollbruchstelle vorgesehen sein. Nach Bruch der Sollbruchstelle dient der Vorsprung weiterhin als Isolator und stellt nach wie vor sicher, dass die von dem Federelement aufgebrachten Niederhaltekräfte großflächig auf den Schienenfuß verteilt werden.The low hold-down forces according to the invention, which are exerted by the spring element in the assembled state with unloaded rail on the rail, can be precisely dosed in a particularly simple manner that at least one projecting beyond the contact surface in the direction of the associated rail protrusion is formed on the guide plate. This is then shaped and arranged so that it protrudes in the mounting position on the free top of the rail foot, in particular rests with little or no hold-down force on her, and as such forms the stop for the vertical movement of the rail. In the case that the guide plate is made of a non-conductive material, the projection also serves as an insulator which isolates the spring element against the rail foot. In order to keep away from the guide plate damage to large vertical movement of the rail, a predetermined breaking point can be provided in the region of the transition from the projection to the guide plate. After breakage of the predetermined breaking point of the projection continues to serve as an insulator and continues to ensure that the applied by the spring element hold-down forces are distributed over a large area on the rail.

Bei einem erfindungsgemäßen System begrenzt der mit dem weiteren Stützabschnitt im Montagezustand über den Schienenfuß stehende Bereich des Federelements somit federnd elastisch die Vertikalbewegungen, die die Schiene im Betrieb ausführt, ohne dass dabei im unbelasteten Zustand der Schiene große Niederhaltekräfte auf die Schiene ausgeübt werden. Die Schiene besitzt dementsprechend in vertikaler Richtung einen vergleichbar großen freien Federweg und ist dennoch dagegen gesichert, dass ihre bei Belastung durch ein Schienenfahrzeug ausgelösten Bewegungen zu groß werden.In the case of a system according to the invention, the area of the spring element that projects beyond the rail base with the further support section in the assembled state thus delimits the vertical movements that the rail performs during operation, without exerting large hold-down forces on the rail in the unloaded state of the rail. The rail owns Accordingly, in the vertical direction, a comparably large free travel and yet it is on the other hand secured that their induced under load by a rail vehicle movements are too large.

Im Fall, dass der feste Untergrund durch Schwellen oder Einzelstützpunkte gebildet wird, wird die elastische Lage bevorzugt so ausgelegt, dass die Schiene sich beim Überfahren durch ein Schienenfahrzeug im Bereich der mit Hilfe eines erfindungsgemäßen Systems gebildeten Befestigung zumindest annähernd genauso absinkt wie in den Bereichen zwischen zwei Schwellen, in denen sie nicht unterstützt ist.In the case that the solid ground is formed by sleepers or individual bases, the elastic layer is preferably designed so that the rail at least approximately drops as well as in the areas between when passing through a rail vehicle in the region of the attachment formed by means of a system according to the invention two thresholds where it is not supported.

Im Fall, dass die Führungsplatte mit dem voranstehend erläuterten, das Federelement abstützenden Vorsprung versehen ist und der Vorsprung und mit ihm die Führungsplatte in Folge einer in vertikaler Richtung gerichteten Bewegung der Schiene belastet wird, so wird diese Belastung durch das Federelement abgefedert mit der Folge, dass Belastungsstöße von dem Spannelement ferngehalten werden. Auf diese Weise ist die Gefahr, dass sich die durch das Spannelement bewirkte Verspannung der Führungsplatte auf dem festen Untergrund vorzeitig lockert, auf ein Minimum reduziert.In the event that the guide plate is provided with the above-explained, the spring element supporting projection and the projection and with it the guide plate is loaded as a result of a vertically directed movement of the rail, this load is cushioned by the spring element with the result that load shocks are kept away from the clamping element. In this way, the risk that the stress caused by the clamping element of the guide plate prematurely loosens on the solid ground, reduced to a minimum.

Mit der Erfindung steht somit ein Befestigungssystem zur Verfügung, das mit einer sehr geringen Anzahl von Bauteilen eine dauerhaft sichere Führung einer insbesondere für den Straßenbahnverkehr oder vergleichbare Anwendungen bestimmten Schienen gewährleistet. Die geringe Teilezahl macht das erfindungsgemäße System nicht nur besonders leicht montierbar, sondern erlaubt es auch, ein solches System besonders kostengünstig herzustellen.The invention thus provides a fastening system which, with a very small number of components, ensures permanently secure guidance of a rail, in particular for tram traffic or comparable applications. The small number of parts makes that Not only is the system according to the invention particularly easy to assemble, but it also makes it possible to produce such a system in a particularly cost-effective manner.

Der über die Anlagefläche hinaus stehende Abschnitt des Torsionsabschnitts des Federelements kann als Unterstützung für den durch den optional vorhandenen Vorsprung der Führungsplatte hergestellten Anschlag dann besonders effektiv genutzt werden, wenn in Montagestellung mindestens der weitere Stützabschnitt oder der Torsionsabschnitt auf dem Vorsprung der Führungsplatte aufliegen und der Vorsprung auf seiner freien, von der Aufstandfläche der Führungsplatte abgewandten Oberseite mindestens eine Führung für den weiteren Stützabschnitt oder den Torsionsabschnitt aufweist.The portion of the torsion section of the spring element which projects beyond the contact surface can be used particularly effectively as support for the stop produced by the optionally available projection of the guide plate, if in assembly position at least the further support section or the torsion section rest on the projection of the guide plate and the projection Has on its free, remote from the footprint of the guide plate top at least one guide for the further support portion or the torsion portion.

Indem die Führungsplatte auf ihrer der Anlagefläche gegenüberliegenden Seite eine Stützfläche aufweist, deren in ihrer Längsrichtung gedachte Verlängerung die Anlagefläche unter einem spitzen Winkel schneidet, und an dem festen Untergrund eine Schulter ausgebildet ist, an der in Montagestellung die Führungsplatte mit ihrer Stützfläche abgestützt ist, kann auch bei einem erfindungsgemäßen System auf einfache Weise eine Spurweiteneinstellung vorgenommen werden. Dies lässt sich besonders einfach dann durchführen, wenn die Durchgangsöffnung der Führungsplatte als Langloch ausgebildet ist, dessen Längsachse achsparallel zur Längsachse der Stützfläche ausgerichtet ist. Der Lage der Führungsplatte in der der jeweils gewünschten Spurweite entsprechenden Stellung kann dabei dadurch zusätzlich gesichert werden, dass in die Oberseite der Führungsplatte Rastflächen eingeformt sind, so dass in Montagestellung das Federelement in Abhängigkeit von der jeweiligen Stellung der Führungsplatte in Bezug zu dem Spannelement in einer der Rastflächen abgestützt ist.By the guide plate on its side opposite the contact surface has a support surface whose extension in the longitudinal direction of the contact surface intersects at an acute angle, and on the solid ground, a shoulder is formed on the mounting position in the guide plate is supported with its support surface can Even with a system according to the invention in a simple way, a gage adjustment can be made. This can be carried out particularly easily when the passage opening of the guide plate is formed as an oblong hole whose longitudinal axis is aligned axially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the support surface. The position of the guide plate in the respective desired track corresponding position can thereby additionally be secured, that in the upper side of the guide plate locking surfaces are formed, so that in the mounting position, the spring element is supported in response to the respective position of the guide plate with respect to the clamping element in one of the locking surfaces.

Die Führungsplatte ist bevorzugt aus einem elektrisch isolierenden Material, beispielsweise einem Kunststoff, hergestellt. Dies erlaubt nicht nur eine besonders kostengünstige und einfache Herstellung, sondern gestattet auch eine gegenüber dem festen Untergrund insgesamt isolierte Befestigung der Schiene.The guide plate is preferably made of an electrically insulating material, such as a plastic. This not only allows a particularly cost-effective and simple production, but also allows a relation to the solid ground overall insulated attachment of the rail.

Als Spannelement kann eine Schraube verwendet werden, deren Schraubenkopf in Montagestellung auf den Torsionsabschnitt des Federelements wirkt. Genauso können selbstverständlich ein Schraubenbolzen, auf den zum Verspannen des Federelements eine Mutter geschraubt wird, oder ein anderes zum Erzeugen ausreichend hoher Spannkräfte geeignetes Spannelement in einem erfindungsgemäßen System eingesetzt werden.As a clamping element, a screw can be used, the screw head acts in the mounting position on the torsion portion of the spring element. Likewise, of course, a bolt on which a nut is screwed for bracing the spring element, or another suitable for generating sufficiently high clamping forces clamping element can be used in a system according to the invention.

Eine besonders einfach montierbare und gleichzeitig funktionale Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Längsachse des weiteren Stützabschnitts des Federelements in derselben Ebene verläuft wie die Längsachse des Torsionsabschnitts.A particularly easy to assemble and at the same time functional embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the longitudinal axis of the further support portion of the spring element in the same plane as the longitudinal axis of the Torsionsabschnitts.

Eine im Hinblick auf die federnd elastische Begrenzung der Vertikalbewegungen der Schiene besonders praxisgerechte Ausgestaltung des Federelements ergibt sich dann, wenn das Federelement einen mit Abstand zu dem ersten Torsionsabschnitt angeordneten zweiten Torsionsabschnitt aufweist, der zweite Torsionsabschnitt wie der erste Torsionsabschnitt an seinem einen Ende in einen gegenüber dem zweiten Torsionsabschnitt abgewinkelt ausgerichteten, in Montagestellung eine Torsion des zugeordneten Torsionsabschnitts bewirkenden Stützabschnitt übergeht und der zweite Torsionsabschnitt mit seinem anderen Ende an das von dem ersten Torsionsabschnitt abgewandte Ende des weiteren Stützabschnitts angeschlossen ist.An embodiment of the spring element which is particularly practical with regard to the resiliently elastic delimitation of the vertical movements of the rail is obtained when the spring element has a spacing from the spring element the second torsion portion as the first torsion portion at the one end in a bent relative to the second torsion aligned, in the assembled position a torsion of the associated torsion causing the supporting portion and the second torsion portion with its other end to that of the first Torsionsabschnitt remote end of the other support portion is connected.

In diesem Fall weist das Federelement eine Form auf, bei der die Torsionsabschnitte und die daran angeformten Stützabschnitte spiegelsymmetrisch angeordnet sind. Eine im Hinblick auf den praktischen Einsatz weiter optimierte Ausgestaltung ist dabei dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die Torsionsabschnitte parallel zueinander erstrecken.In this case, the spring element has a shape in which the torsion sections and the support sections formed thereon are arranged mirror-symmetrically. A refinement which is further optimized with regard to practical use is characterized in that the torsion sections extend parallel to one another.

Solange gewährleistet ist, dass sie im Montagezustand ein ausreichendes Torsionsmoment auf den jeweiligen Torsionsabschnitt aufbringen, können die jeweils gegenüber dem zugeordneten Torsionsabschnitt abgewinkelt ausgerichteten Stützabschnitte des Federelements jede beliebige Form haben. Eine platzsparende und gleichzeitig besonders sichere Abstützung der betreffenden Stützabschnitte ergibt sich allerdings dann, wenn sie über einen Winkelbereich von mehr als 90° gebogen sind. In diesem Fall weist das erfindungsgemäß vorgesehene Federelement eine einer klassischen S- bzw. W-förmigen Spannklemme angenäherte Form auf, bei der die Länge der zur zugeordneten Schiene weisenden Federarme jeweils so stark reduziert ist, dass der Schienenfuß nicht von ihnen berührt wird.As long as it is ensured that they apply sufficient torsional moment to the respective torsion section in the assembled state, the support sections of the spring element aligned angled relative to the associated torsion section can have any desired shape. A space-saving and at the same time very secure support of the respective support sections, however, arises when they are bent over an angular range of more than 90 °. In this case, the spring element provided according to the invention has a shape approximating that of a classical S- or W-shaped tension clamp, in which case the length of the spring arms facing the associated rail is in each case such is greatly reduced that the rail foot is not touched by them.

Sofern die Schiene über eine elastische Lage auf dem festen Untergrund abgestützt ist, kann es zur Minimierung der Schallemissionen vorteilhaft sein, wenn die elastische Lage mindestens den Schienenfuß und den Schienensteg abdeckt.If the rail is supported on the solid ground via an elastic layer, it may be advantageous to minimize the noise emissions if the elastic layer covers at least the rail foot and the rail web.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand einer ein Ausführungsbeispiel darstellenden Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen jeweils schematisch:

Fig. 1
eine Befestigung einer Straßenbahnschiene in einer Explosionsdarstellung;
Fig. 2
eine für die Befestigung der Straßenbahnschiene verwendete Führungsplatte in perspektivischer Ansicht;
Fig. 3
ein für die Befestigung der Straßenbahnschiene verwendetes Federelement in perspektivischer Ansicht;
Fig. 4
das Federelement gemäß Fig. 3 in Draufsicht;
Fig. 5
das Federelement in einer seitlichen Ansicht;
Fig. 6
das Federelement in einer frontalen Ansicht;
Fig. 7
eine alternative Ausgestaltung einer Schienenbefestigung in einer perspektivischen Darstellung.
The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a drawing illustrating an exemplary embodiment. Each show schematically:
Fig. 1
an attachment of a tramway rail in an exploded view;
Fig. 2
a guide plate used for the attachment of the tram track in perspective view;
Fig. 3
a used for the attachment of the tram rail spring element in perspective view;
Fig. 4
the spring element according to Fig. 3 in plan view;
Fig. 5
the spring element in a side view;
Fig. 6
the spring element in a frontal view;
Fig. 7
an alternative embodiment of a rail fastening in a perspective view.

Zur Befestigung der nach Art einer Rillenschiene ausgebildeten Schiene S auf einem durch eine Betonschwelle B gebildeten festen Untergrund ist durch zwei gleichartig ausgebildete Systeme S1,S2 hergestellt, die jeweils eine Führungsplatte 1, ein Federelement 2 und als Spannelement eine Spannschraube 3 umfassen.For fixing the rail S formed in the manner of a grooved rail on a solid ground formed by a concrete sleeper B is made by two identically formed systems S1, S2, each comprising a guide plate 1, a spring element 2 and a clamping element 3 as a clamping element.

In die Betonschwelle B ist eine ebene Aufstandfläche 4 eingeformt, die an ihren Längsrändern mit den Längsseiten der Schwelle B zusammenstößt und an ihren Schmalseiten durch jeweils eine Schulter 5,6 begrenzt ist. Die der Aufstandfläche 4 zugeordneten, zueinander parallel verlaufenden Anlageflächen 7,8 der Schultern 5,6 treffen jeweils unter einem spitzen Winkel auf die Längsränder der Aufstandfläche 4, so dass die Aufstandfläche 4 in Draufsicht die Form eines Parallelogramms besitzt.In the concrete sleeper B a flat footprint 4 is formed, which collides at its longitudinal edges with the longitudinal sides of the threshold B and is bounded on their narrow sides by a respective shoulder 5,6. The contact surfaces 4 associated, mutually parallel contact surfaces 7.8 of the shoulders 5.6 each meet at an acute angle to the longitudinal edges of the footprint 4, so that the footprint 4 in plan view has the shape of a parallelogram.

Die aus einem nicht leitenden, beispielsweise faserverstärkten Kunststoff hergestellte Führungsplatte 1 weist an ihrer Unterseite jeweils eine Auflagefläche 9 auf, mit der sie im Montagezustand auf der Aufstandfläche 4 der Schwelle B liegt. An ihrer dem Schienenfuß F der Schiene S zugeordneten Seite stößt die Auflagefläche 9 auf eine Anlagefläche 10, die annähernd rechtwinklig zu der Auflagefläche 9 ausgerichtet ist. Mit Ausnahme ihrer an die Oberseite 11 der Führungsplatte 1 angrenzenden Eckbereiche und eines ebenfalls an die Oberseite 11 angrenzenden Mittelbereichs erstreckt sich die Anlagefläche 10 dabei über die gesamte Höhe der Führungsplatte 1. In den betreffenden Eckbereichen ist jeweils ein in Richtung des Steges E der Schiene S weisender Vorsprung 12,13 an die Führungsplatte 1 angeformt. Die Vorsprünge 12,13 dienen dabei als zusätzlicher Schutz gegen ein Kippen der Schiene S oder der Führungsplatte 1.The guide plate 1 made of a non-conductive, such as fiber-reinforced plastic has on its underside in each case a bearing surface 9, with which it lies in the mounting state on the footprint 4 of the threshold B. At its rail foot F of the rail S associated side abuts the support surface 9 on a contact surface 10 which is aligned approximately at right angles to the support surface 9. With the exception of their adjacent to the top 11 of the guide plate 1 corner regions and also adjacent to the upper side 11 central region extends Contact surface 10 thereby over the entire height of the guide plate 1. In the respective corner areas in each case in the direction of the web E of the rail S pointing projection 12,13 is integrally formed on the guide plate 1. The projections 12,13 serve as additional protection against tilting of the rail S or the guide plate. 1

Im mittig zwischen den Vorsprüngen 12,13 angeordneten Mittelbereich der Anlagefläche 10 ein ist U-förmiger Vorsprung 14 an die Führungsplatte 1 einstückig angeformt, der ebenfalls in Richtung des Steges E der Schiene S weist. Die über die Anlagefläche 10 hinaus stehende Länge des Vorsprungs 14 ist dabei deutlich größer als die entsprechende Länge der nach Art von Anschlägen geformten Vorsprünge 12,13. Im Bereich des Übergangs vom Vorsprung 14 zum Hauptkörper der Führungsplatte 1 ist eine sich längs der Anlagefläche 10 erstreckende Sollbruchstelle 27 ausgebildet, an der bei entsprechender Belastung der Vorsprung 14 von der Führungsplatte 1 abbricht.In the middle between the projections 12,13 arranged central region of the contact surface 10 is a U-shaped projection 14 integrally formed on the guide plate 1, which also points in the direction of the web E of the rail S. The projecting beyond the contact surface 10 length of the projection 14 is significantly larger than the corresponding length of the shaped like stops attacks projections 12,13. In the region of the transition from the projection 14 to the main body of the guide plate 1, a predetermined breaking point 27 extending along the contact surface 10 is formed, on which the projection 14 breaks off from the guide plate 1 when the load is correspondingly high.

Der Abstand Av der Unterseite der Vorsprünge 12,13,14 von der Auflagefläche 9 der Führungsplatte 1 ist jeweils mindestens so groß wie der jeweilige Abstand Af der Oberseite 15 des Schienenfußes F zu der Aufstandfläche 4 der Betonschwelle B. Auf diese Weise wird bei fertig montiertem System S1,S2 über den Vorsprung 14 bzw. eine darin geführte Mittelschlaufe des Federelements 2 jeweils allenfalls eine sehr geringe Niederhaltekraft auf den Schienenfuß F ausgeübt.The distance Av of the underside of the projections 12,13,14 from the support surface 9 of the guide plate 1 is at least as large as the respective distance Af of the top 15 of the rail foot F to the footprint 4 of the concrete sleeper B. In this way, when fully assembled System S1, S2 on the projection 14 and a guided therein middle loop of the spring element 2 at most a very low hold-down force on the rail foot F exerted.

In die Oberseite des mittleren Vorsprungs 14 ist eine kehlenförmige, der U-Form des Vorsprungs 14 folgende Führungsbahn 16 eingeformt.In the top of the central projection 14 is a throat-shaped, the U-shape of the projection 14 following guideway 16 is formed.

Im Bereich des Übergangs des Vorsprungs 14 in den Hauptkörper der Führungsplatte 1 sind zusätzlich kehlenförmige Rastflächen 17 in die Oberseite 11 der Führungsplatte 1 eingeformt, deren Ausrichtung der Ausrichtung der Vorsprünge 12-14 entspricht.In the region of the transition of the projection 14 into the main body of the guide plate 1, additional throat-shaped latching surfaces 17 are formed in the top 11 of the guide plate 1, the orientation of the alignment of the projections 12-14 corresponds.

Darüber hinaus ist eine als Langloch ausgebildete Durchgangsöffnung 18 in die Führungsplatte 1 eingeformt, die von der Oberseite 11 zur Auflagefläche 9 der Führungsplatte 1 führt. Die Längsachse L18 der Durchgangsöffnung 18 ist dabei so ausgerichtet, dass sie die Anlagefläche 10 unter einem spitzen Winkel schneidet.In addition, a trained as a slot through hole 18 is formed in the guide plate 1, which leads from the top 11 to the support surface 9 of the guide plate 1. The longitudinal axis L18 of the through hole 18 is aligned so that it intersects the contact surface 10 at an acute angle.

Des Weiteren ist in die Oberseite 11 der Führungsplatte 1 eine sich über die Länge L der Führungsplatte 1 erstreckende streifenförmige Stützfläche 19 eingesenkt.Furthermore, in the top 11 of the guide plate 1 a extending over the length L of the guide plate 1 strip-shaped support surface 19 is sunk.

An der der Anlagefläche 10 gegenüberliegenden Rückseite der Führungsplatte ist schließlich eine weitere Stützfläche 20 ausgebildet, die parallel zur Längsachse L18 der Durchgangsöffnung 18 und im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur Auflagefläche 9 der Führungsplatte 1 ausgerichtet ist. Über die Stützfläche 20 ist die Führungsplatte 1 an der jeweils zugeordneten Anlagefläche 7 bzw. 8 der Schultern 5 bzw. 6 der Betonschwelle 5 abgestützt. Durch Verschieben der jeweiligen Führungsplatte 1 längs der zugeordneten Anlagefläche 7,8 lässt sich dabei die Lage der Schiene in Breitenrichtung BR zwecks Einstellung der Spurweite des Gleises verstellen, zu dem die Schiene S gehört. Der Stellweg dieser Verstellung ist durch die Länge der Durchgangsöffnung 18 begrenzt.At the back of the guide plate opposite the contact surface 10, a further support surface 20 is finally formed, which is aligned parallel to the longitudinal axis L18 of the passage opening 18 and substantially perpendicular to the support surface 9 of the guide plate 1. About the support surface 20, the guide plate 1 is supported on the respective associated bearing surface 7 and 8 of the shoulders 5 and 6 of the concrete sleeper 5. By moving the respective guide plate 1 along the associated contact surface 7, 8, the position of the rail in the width direction can be determined Adjust BR to adjust the gauge of the track to which the rail S belongs. The travel of this adjustment is limited by the length of the passage opening 18.

Bei der Spannschraube 3 der Systeme S1,S2 handelt es sich jeweils um eine konventionelle Schwellenschraube. Für ihre Befestigung ist in der Schwelle B jeweils eine Öffnung 21 vorgesehen, in der ein hier nicht dargestellter Kunststoffdübel sitzt.The clamping screw 3 of the systems S1, S2 are each a conventional sleeper screw. For their attachment, an opening 21 is provided in the threshold B, in which a plastic anchor, not shown here sits.

Das Federelement 2 weist ein spiegelsymmetrische, einem W angenäherte Form auf und umfasst zwei parallel zueinander angeordnete Torsionsabschnitte 22,23, die an ihrem einen Ende jeweils in einen Stützabschnitt 24,25 und an ihrem anderen Ende über einen weiteren Stützabschnitt 26 miteinander verbunden sind. Die erstgenannten Stützabschnitte 24,25 sind dabei jeweils gegenüber dem zugeordneten Torsionsabschnitt 22,23 nach unten abgewinkelt von dem jeweiligen Torsionsabschnitt 22,23 abgebogen und umgreifen jeweils kreisbogenförmig einen Winkelbereich von ca. 180°. Genauso ist auch der die Torsionsabschnitte 22,23 miteinander verbindende Stützabschnitt 26 halbkreisförmig ausgebildet. Jedoch verläuft seine Längsachse L26 in derselben Ebene, wie die Längsachsen L22,L23 der Torsionsabschnitte 22,23, wogegen die Längsachsen L24 und L25 der Stützabschnitte 24,25 die durch die Längsachsen L22,L23 aufgespannte Ebene unter einem spitzen Winkel durchstoßen. Gemeinsam mit den Torsionsabschnitten 22,23 bildet der Stützabschnitt 26 die Mittelschlaufe des Federelements 2.The spring element 2 has a mirror-symmetrical shape approximating to W and comprises two mutually parallel torsion sections 22, 23, which are connected at their one end to a support section 24, 25 and at their other end via a further support section 26. The first-mentioned support sections 24, 25 are each angled downwards from the respective torsion section 22, 23 with respect to the associated torsion section 22, 23, and each encompass an angular range of approximately 180 ° in the form of an arc of a circle. Likewise, the torsion portions 22,23 interconnecting support portion 26 is formed semicircular. However, its longitudinal axis L26 extends in the same plane as the longitudinal axes L22, L23 of the torsion sections 22, 23, whereas the longitudinal axes L24 and L25 of the support sections 24, 25 pierce the plane spanned by the longitudinal axes L22, L23 at an acute angle. Together with the torsion sections 22, 23, the support section 26 forms the middle loop of the spring element 2.

Der Schienenfuß F und der Steg E der Schiene sind vollständig mit einer Lage G aus einem elastischen Material bedeckt. Dieses gewährleistet bei fertig montierter Befestigung der Schiene S einerseits eine definierte Nachgiebigkeit und andererseits eine minimierte Schallemission beim Überfahren der Schiene S.The rail foot F and the web E of the rail are completely covered with a layer G of an elastic material. This ensures with ready-mounted attachment of the rail S on the one hand a defined compliance and on the other hand a minimized noise emission when driving over the rail S.

Zur Montage der Befestigung wird die Schiene S mit ihrem Schienenfuß F mit der elastischen Lage G bekleideten Schienenfuß auf die Aufstandfläche 4 der Schwelle B gesetzt. Anschließend werden die Führungsplatten 1 der Systeme S1,S2 so positioniert, dass bei ordnungsgemäßer Einhaltung der vorgeschriebenen Spurweite die Schiene S seitlich im Wesentlichen spielfrei zwischen den Schultern 5,6 der Schwelle B geführt ist. Der Schienenfuß F liegt dabei mit seinen Längsseiten an der Anlagefläche 10 der Führungsplatten 1 an. Anschließend werden die Federelemente 2 so auf die Führungsplatten 1 gesetzt, dass ihre freien Stützabschnitte 24,25 auf der Stützfläche 19 der Führungsplatte 1 sitzen. Dabei ist die Länge der Torsionsabschnitte 22,23 des Federelements 1 so gewählt, dass die Torsionsabschnitte 22,23 und der sie miteinander verbindende Stützabschnitt 26 über die Anlagefläche 10 hinaus stehend in der in den Vorsprung 14 eingeformten Führungsbahn 16 geführt sind.To mount the attachment, the rail S is placed with its rail foot F with the elastic layer G-clad rail foot on the footprint 4 of the threshold B. Subsequently, the guide plates 1 of the systems S1, S2 are positioned so that, with proper compliance with the prescribed track width, the rail S is guided laterally substantially free of play between the shoulders 5.6 of the threshold B. The rail foot F rests with its longitudinal sides against the contact surface 10 of the guide plates 1. Subsequently, the spring elements 2 are placed on the guide plates 1 that their free support sections 24,25 sitting on the support surface 19 of the guide plate 1. The length of the torsion sections 22, 23 of the spring element 1 is selected such that the torsion sections 22, 23 and the support section 26 connecting them to one another are guided beyond the contact surface 10 in the guide track 16 formed in the projection 14.

Anschließend wird die jeweilige Spannschraube 3 in die ihr jeweils zugeordnete Öffnung 21 der Schwelle S eingeschraubt, bis über den Schraubenkopf der Spannschraube 3 das jeweilige Federelement 2 soweit gegen die ihm zugeordnete Führungsplatte 1 gedrückt ist, dass über die mit dem Niederdrücken einhergehende Tordierung der Torsionsabschnitte 22,23 eine ausreichende elastische Niederhaltkraft auf die Führungsplatten 1 wirkt. Bewegt sich die Schiene S beim Überfahren durch ein Schienenfahrzeug in vertikaler Richtung senkrecht zur Aufstandfläche 4 und stößt dabei gegen einen der Vorsprünge 12-14, so wird dieser Stoß durch die Federelemente 2 elastisch aufgenommen. Die jeweilige Spannschraube 3 der Systeme S1,S2 wird so vor übermäßigen Stößen geschützt, so dass der Gefahr einer vorzeitigen Lockerung der Befestigung sicher vorgebeugt ist.Subsequently, the respective clamping screw 3 is screwed into its respective associated opening 21 of the threshold S until the screw head of the clamping screw 3, the respective spring element 2 is pressed so far against its associated guide plate 1 that on the associated with the depression twisting the torsion portions 22,23 a sufficient elastic hold-down force acts on the guide plates 1. Moves the rail S when passing through a rail vehicle in the vertical direction perpendicular to the footprint 4 and abuts against one of the projections 12-14, this shock is absorbed by the spring elements 2 elastic. The respective clamping screw 3 of the systems S1, S2 is thus protected against excessive impact, so that the risk of premature loosening of the attachment is safely prevented.

Kommt es bei der Montage oder im laufenden praktischen Einsatz zu einer hohen Belastung des Federelements 2, so bricht der Vorsprung 14 an der Sollbruchstelle ab, so dass die Mittelschlaufe des Federelements 2 auf dem Schienenfuß F abgestützt ist. Die Sollbruchstelle gewährleistet somit, dass auch bei einem über die dem Vorsprung 14 eigene Elastizität hinausgehenden Belastung beispielsweise in Folge einer besonders großen Bewegung des Schienenfußes in vertikaler Richtung diese Belastung von der Befestigung der Führungsplatte 1 ferngehalten und federnd abgefangen wird.If there is a high load on the spring element 2 during assembly or during ongoing practical use, the projection 14 breaks off at the predetermined breaking point, so that the middle loop of the spring element 2 is supported on the rail foot F. The predetermined breaking point thus ensures that even with a beyond the projection 14 own elasticity stress, for example, as a result of a particularly large movement of the rail foot in the vertical direction, this burden is kept away from the attachment of the guide plate 1 and resiliently intercepted.

In Fig. 7, die eine alternative Ausgestaltung einer erfindungsgemäßen Schienenbefestigung zeigt, sind den bei dieser Befestigung eingesetzten Bauteilen, die auch bei der voranstehend beschriebenen Befestigung eingesetzten Bauteilen verwendet worden sind, dieselben Bezugszeichen zugeordnet worden wie in den Figuren 1 bis 6.In Fig. 7 , which shows an alternative embodiment of a rail fastening according to the invention, the same reference numerals have been assigned to those used in this attachment components that have been used in the attachment described above, as in the FIGS. 1 to 6 ,

Bei der in Fig. 7 gezeigten Befestigung der Schiene S sind, wie bei der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Befestigung, zwei Systeme S3,S4 verwendet worden, von denen das eine auf der einen und das andere auf der anderen Seite der Schiene S angeordnet ist. Das auf der linken Seite von Fig. 7 dargestellte System S3 befindet sich in fertig montierter Stellung, während das auf der rechten Seite angeordnete System S4 in Vormontagestellung gezeigt ist.At the in Fig. 7 shown attachment of the rail S are, as in the in Fig. 1 illustrated attachment, two systems S3, S4 have been used, one of which is arranged on one side and the other on the other side of the rail S. That on the left side of Fig. 7 shown system S3 is in the fully assembled position, while the arranged on the right side system S4 is shown in pre-assembly.

Die Systeme S3,S4 umfassen jeweils ein Federelement 2, ein als Spannschraube ausgebildetes Spannelement 3, eine Führungsplatte 30 und ein Isolatorelement 31. Im Unterschied zur bei den Systemen S1,S2 vorgesehenen Führungsplatte 1 ist an die Führungsplatte 30 kein mit den Vorsprüngen 12,13 oder 14 vergleichbares Formelement angeformt, so dass die Führungsplatten 30 durch ihre Anlagefläche 10 in Richtung der Schiene S begrenzt sind. Bei den Systemen S3,S4 liegt somit der weitere Stützabschnitt 26 und die dem Stützabschnitt zugeordneten Endbereiche der Torsionsabschnitte 22,23 des jeweiligen Federelements 2 nicht auf einem im Ursprungszustand fest mit der jeweiligen Führungsplatte verbundenen Vorsprung auf, sondern stehen frei über die jeweilige Führungsplatte 30 in Richtung der Schiene S vor. Da jedoch die Torsionsabschnitte 22,23 auch bei dieser Ausgestaltung nach wie vor über den größten Teil ihrer Länge auf der Führungsplatte 30 abgestützt sind, werden auch bei den Systemen S3,S4 im fertig montierten Zustand vom jeweiligen Federelement 2 bei unbelasteter Schiene S nur minimierte Niederhaltekräfte auf den mit der elastischen Lage G bedeckten Schienenfuß F ausgeübt.The systems S3, S4 each comprise a spring element 2, a clamping element 3 designed as a clamping screw, a guide plate 30 and an insulator element 31. In contrast to the guide plate 1 provided in the systems S1, S2, the guide plate 30 is not provided with the projections 12, 13 or 14 comparable molded element formed so that the guide plates 30 are limited by their contact surface 10 in the direction of the rail S. Thus, in the systems S3, S4, the further support section 26 and the end sections of the torsion sections 22, 23 of the respective spring element 2 assigned to the support section do not lie on a projection fixedly connected to the respective guide plate in the original state, but stand freely above the respective guide plate 30 Direction of the rail S before. However, since the torsion sections 22, 23 continue to be supported on the guide plate 30 over most of their length, only minimized hold-down forces are also minimized in the systems S3, S4 in the completely assembled state by the respective spring element 2 when the rail S is unloaded exerted on the covered with the elastic layer G rail foot F.

Das aus einem nicht leitenden Werkstoff hergestellte Isolatorelement 31 ist zwischen dem Schienenfuß F und dem oberhalb von ihm angeordneten weiteren Stützabschnitt 26 positioniert und mittels einer Rastverbindung 32 unverlierbar, jedoch lösbar mit dem Stützabschnitt 26 verkoppelt. Auf seiner dem Schienenfuß F zugeordneten Seite weist das Isolatorelement 31 eine ebene Auflagefläche auf, über die die von dem Federelement 2 aufgebrachten, geringen Kräfte gleichmäßig verteilt auf die elastische Lage G aufgebracht werden. Die Funktion des Isolatorelements 31 entspricht insoweit der Funktion des bei den Systemen S1,S2 vorgesehenen Vorsprungs 14, nachdem der Vorsprung 14 in Folge eines Bruchs der Sollbruchstelle 27 von der jeweiligen Führungsplatte 1 getrennt worden ist.The insulator element 31 made of a non-conductive material is between the rail F and the positioned above him arranged further support portion 26 and coupled by means of a latching connection 32 captive, but releasably coupled to the support portion 26. On its side assigned to the rail foot F, the insulator element 31 has a flat bearing surface, by means of which the small forces applied by the spring element 2 are distributed uniformly over the elastic layer G. Insofar, the function of the insulator element 31 corresponds to the function of the projection 14 provided in the systems S1, S2, after the projection 14 has been separated from the respective guide plate 1 as a result of breakage of the predetermined breaking point 27.

Um eine positionsgenaue Vormontage der Systeme S3,S4 zu erleichtern, sind in die von der Anlagefläche 10 abgewandten Seite der Führungsplatten 30 nach oben und zur von der Schiene S abgewandten Seite offene Ausnehmungen 33 eingeformt. In diesen Ausnehmungen 33 sitzen, wie im rechten Teil der Fig. 7 gezeigt, in Vormontagestellung die Enden der ersten Stützabschnitte 24,25 der Federelemente 2.In order to facilitate precise position pre-assembly of the systems S3, S4, open recesses 33 are formed in the side facing away from the contact surface 10 side of the guide plates 30 upwards and to the side facing away from the rail S. In these recesses 33 sit, as in the right part of the Fig. 7 shown, in pre-assembly, the ends of the first support portions 24,25 of the spring elements. 2

Die Erfindung betrifft somit ein eine Führungsplatte 1,30, ein Befestigungselement 3 und ein Federelement 2 umfassendes System S1,S2 für die Befestigung einer Schiene S auf einem festen Untergrund B. Die Führungsplatte 1,30 dient dabei als Führung der Schiene S in horizontaler und als Anschlag für Bewegungen der Schiene S in vertikaler Richtung. Dazu weist die Führungsplatte 1,30 eine Anlagefläche 10 auf, an der in Montagestellung der Schienenfuß F mit seiner Längsseite anliegt. An die Führungsplatte 1,30 ist optional mindestens ein über die Anlagefläche 10 in Richtung der zugeordneten Schiene S hinausragender Vorsprung 14 angeformt, der mit minimierter Niederhaltekraft auf der Schiene S liegt und als solcher den Anschlag für die vertikalen Bewegungen der Schiene S bildet. Das auf der Führungsplatte 1,30 aufliegende Federelement 2 ist so gestaltet und im Montagezustand auf der zugeordneten Führungsplatte 1,30 abgestützt, dass es im Wesentlichen keine Niederhaltekraft auf die Schiene S ausübt, sondern lediglich die Führungsplatte 1,30 elastisch gegen das für ihre Befestigung eingesetztes Spannelement 3 abstützt. Das Federelement 2 weist dazu eine W- oder S-förmige Gestalt auf und ragt mit einem aus den beiden Torsionsabschnitten 22,23 und dem zwischen ihnen liegenden Stützabschnitt 26 Mittelschlaufenabschnitt so weit über den Schienenfuß F, dass der Schienenfuß F, wenn er in vertikaler Richtung von dem festen Untergrund B nach oben wegbewegt wird, von dem Federelement 2 federnd gehalten wird. BEZUGSZEICHEN 1,30 Führungsplatte 2 Federelement 3 Spannschraube (Spannelement) 4 Aufstandfläche der Schwelle B 5,6 Schultern der Schwelle B 7,8 Anlageflächen der Schultern 5,6 9 Auflagefläche der Führungsplatte 1,30 10 Anlagefläche der Führungsplatte 1,30 11 Oberseite der Führungsplatte 1,30 12,13 Vorsprünge der Führungsplatte 1 14 U-förmiger Vorsprung der Führungsplatte 1 15 Oberseite des Schienenfußes F 16 Führungsbahn des Vorsprungs 14 17 Rastflächen der Führungsplatte 1,30 18 Durchgangsöffnung der Führungsplatte 1,30 19 Stützfläche der Führungsplatte 1,30 20 rückwärtige Stützfläche der Führungsplatte 1,30 21 Öffnung der Schwelle 22,23 Torsionsabschnitte des Federelements 3 24,25,26 Stützabschnitte des Federelements 3 27 Sollbruchstelle 30 Führungsplatte 31 Isolatorelement 32 Rastverbindung 33 Ausnehmungen Av Abstand der Unterseite der Vorsprünge 12,13,14 von der Auflagefläche 9 der Führungsplatte 1,30 Af Abstand Af der Oberseite 15 des Schienenfußes F zu der Aufstandfläche 4 der Betonschwelle B B Betonschwelle BR Breitenrichtung E Steg der Schiene S F Schienenfuß der Schiene S G elastische Lage L Länge der Führungsplatte 1,30 L18 Längsachse der Durchgangsöffnung 18 L22,L23 Längsachsen der Torsionsabschnitte 22,23 L26 Längsachse des Stützabschnitts 26 L24,L25 Längsachsen der Stützabschnitte 24,25 S Schiene S1, S2 Systeme zur Befestigung der Schiene S The invention thus relates to a guide plate 1.30, a fastening element 3 and a spring element 2 comprehensive system S1, S2 for the attachment of a rail S on a solid surface B. The guide plate 1.30 serves as a guide rail S in horizontal and as a stop for movements of the rail S in the vertical direction. For this purpose, the guide plate 1.30 has a contact surface 10, on which, in the assembly position, the rail foot F with its longitudinal side is applied. On the guide plate 1.30 is optionally at least one on the contact surface 10 in the direction of the associated rail S protruding projection 14 formed, which lies with minimized hold-down force on the rail S and as such forms the stop for the vertical movement of the rail S. The resting on the guide plate 1.30 spring element 2 is designed and supported in the assembled state on the associated guide plate 1.30, that it exerts substantially no hold-down force on the rail S, but only the guide plate 1.30 elastic against that for their attachment inserted clamping element 3 is supported. For this purpose, the spring element 2 has a W- or S-shaped configuration and protrudes with one of the two torsion sections 22, 23 and the intermediate section 26 between the middle loop section so far over the rail foot F that the rail foot F, when in the vertical direction is moved away from the solid substrate B upwards, is held by the spring element 2 resiliently. <B> REFERENCE NUMBERS </ b> 1.30 guide plate 2 spring element 3 Clamping screw (clamping element) 4 Footprint of the threshold B 5.6 Shoulders of the threshold B 7.8 Abutment surfaces of the shoulders 5,6 9 Bearing surface of the guide plate 1.30 10 Contact surface of the guide plate 1.30 11 Top of the guide plate 1.30 12.13 Projections of the guide plate 1 14 U-shaped projection of the guide plate. 1 15 Top of rail foot F 16 Guideway of the projection 14 17 Locking surfaces of the guide plate 1.30 18 Through opening of the guide plate 1.30 19 Support surface of the guide plate 1.30 20 rear support surface of the guide plate 1.30 21 Opening of the threshold 22.23 Torsionsabschnitte of the spring element 3rd 24,25,26 Support sections of the spring element 3rd 27 Breaking point 30 guide plate 31 insulator element 32 locking connection 33 recesses Av Distance of the underside of the projections 12,13,14 from the support surface 9 of the guide plate 1,30 af Distance Af of the upper side 15 of the rail foot F to the contact surface 4 of the concrete sleeper B B concrete sleeper BR width direction e Footbridge of rail S F Rail foot of rail S G elastic situation L Length of guide plate 1.30 L18 Longitudinal axis of the passage opening 18th L22, L23 Longitudinal axes of the torsion sections 22,23 L26 Longitudinal axis of the support portion 26th L24, L25 Longitudinal axes of the support sections 24,25 S rail S1, S2 Systems for fastening the rail S

Claims (15)

  1. System for fastening a rail (S) in place on a base,
    - having a guide plate (1, 30) which has a supported surface (9) by which it is supported on the base in the fitted position, a contacting surface (10) which is associated with the foot (F) of the rail (S) which is to be fastened in place, and a through-opening (18) which runs from its upper side (11) to its supported surface (9),
    - having a clamping member (3) which can be inserted through the through-opening (18) in the guide plate (1, 30) and which can be fastened into the base, and
    - having a resilient member (2), which is in the fitted position braced against the base by means of the clamping member (3), and which is bent from a spring wire, characterised in that the resilient member (2)
    - has at least one portion (22, 23) acting in torsion, which is exerting an elastic restorative force in the fitted position,
    - at one end of which is formed a first supporting portion (24, 25), which is aligned at an angle to the portion acting in torsion (22, 23) and which is in the fitted position supported on an associated support surface (19) on the guide plate (1, 30) and
    - at the other end of which is formed a further supporting portion (26) bent round from the portion (22, 23) acting in torsion, which is likewise supported on the guide plate (1, 30) in the fitted position and forms a fixed point for the torsion on the portion (22, 23) acting in torsion, wherein in the fitted position that end of the portion (22, 23) acting in torsion which is associated with the further supporting portion (26) projects beyond the contacting surface (10) of the guide plate (1, 30) towards the rail (S).
  2. System according to claim 1, characterised in that the guide plate (1) has at least one projection (12-14) which projects over the contacting surface (10) towards the associated rail (S) and which projects over the free upper side (15) of the foot (F) of the rail in the fitted position.
  3. System according to claim 2, characterised in that at least the further supporting portion (26) or the portion (22, 23) acting in torsion rests on the projection (14) of the guide plate (1) in the fitted position, and the projection (14) has on its upper side at least one guide (16) for the further supporting portion (26) or the portion (22, 23) acting in torsion.
  4. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the guide plate (1, 30) has, on its opposite side from the contacting surface (10), a support surface (20) of which the imaginary extension in its longitudinal direction intersects the contacting surface (10) at an acute angle, and in that there is formed on the solid base a shoulder (5, 6) against which the guide plate (1, 30) is supported by its support face (20) in the fitted position.
  5. System according to claim 4, characterised in that the through-opening (18) in the guide plate (1, 30) takes the form of a slotted hole whose longitudinal axis (L18) is aligned parallel to the longitudinal axis of the support surface (20).
  6. System according to either of claims 4 and 5, characterised in that locking surfaces (17) are formed in the upper side (11) of the guide plate (1, 30), and in that the resilient member (2) is supported in one of the locking surfaces (17) in the fitted position as a function of the given position of the guide plate (1, 30) relative to the clamping member (3).
  7. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the guide plate (1, 30) is made of an electrically insulating material.
  8. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the clamping member (3) is a screw whose head, in the fitted position, acts on the portion (22, 23) acting in torsion of the resilient member (2).
  9. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the longitudinal axis (L26) of the further supporting portion (26) of the resilient member (2) extends in the same plane as the longitudinal axis (L22, L23) of the portion (22, 23) acting in torsion.
  10. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the resilient member (2) has a second portion (23) acting in torsion arranged at a distance from the first portion (22) acting in torsion, in that the second portion (23) acting in torsion, like the first portion (22) acting in torsion, merges at one of its ends into a supporting portion (25) which is aligned at an angle to the second portion (23) acting in torsion and which causes a torsion on the associated portion (23) acting in torsion in the fitted position, and in that the second portion (23) acting in torsion is connected at its other end to that end of the further supporting portion (26) which is remote from the first portion (22) acting in torsion.
  11. System according to claim 9, characterised in that the portions (22, 23) acting in torsion extend parallel to one another.
  12. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the supporting portions (24, 25) which are aligned at an angle to their respective associated portions (22, 23) acting in torsion are bent through an angular range of more than 90°.
  13. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that it comprises a sleeper (B) or isolated support formed from a solid material, which forms the solid base.
  14. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the projection (14) is formed on the guide plate (1) in one piece therewith.
  15. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that an intended break-point (27) is formed in the region of the transition from the projection (14) to the main body of the guide plate (1).
EP10754322.5A 2009-09-15 2010-09-14 Rail fixing device Not-in-force EP2478154B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL10754322T PL2478154T3 (en) 2009-09-15 2010-09-14 Rail fixing device

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200910041112 DE102009041112B4 (en) 2009-09-15 2009-09-15 System for fastening a rail and fastening a rail
PCT/EP2010/063454 WO2011032932A1 (en) 2009-09-15 2010-09-14 System for securing a rail and securing a rail

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2478154A1 EP2478154A1 (en) 2012-07-25
EP2478154B1 true EP2478154B1 (en) 2016-01-27

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ID=41501762

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10754322.5A Not-in-force EP2478154B1 (en) 2009-09-15 2010-09-14 Rail fixing device

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US9139959B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2478154B1 (en)
CN (1) CN102498245B (en)
AR (1) AR085879A1 (en)
DE (2) DE202009013569U1 (en)
ES (1) ES2566541T3 (en)
PL (1) PL2478154T3 (en)
TW (1) TWI513876B (en)
UY (1) UY32887A (en)
WO (1) WO2011032932A1 (en)

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WO2018091351A1 (en) * 2016-11-16 2018-05-24 Vossloh-Werke Gmbh Anchor clamp and fastening point for fastening a rail to a subsurface
EA037636B1 (en) * 2017-05-30 2021-04-23 Фоссло-Верке Гмбх Anchor clamp and fastening point for fastening a rail to a subsurface

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EA037636B1 (en) * 2017-05-30 2021-04-23 Фоссло-Верке Гмбх Anchor clamp and fastening point for fastening a rail to a subsurface

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102009041112B4 (en) 2014-10-30
DE102009041112A1 (en) 2011-05-12
CN102498245A (en) 2012-06-13
WO2011032932A1 (en) 2011-03-24
US20120187206A1 (en) 2012-07-26
PL2478154T3 (en) 2016-07-29
CN102498245B (en) 2016-02-24
US9139959B2 (en) 2015-09-22
DE202009013569U1 (en) 2010-01-07
TW201116665A (en) 2011-05-16
TWI513876B (en) 2015-12-21
ES2566541T3 (en) 2016-04-13
EP2478154A1 (en) 2012-07-25
AR085879A1 (en) 2013-11-06
UY32887A (en) 2011-04-29

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