EP1769520A1 - Abschirmung einer röntgenquelle - Google Patents
Abschirmung einer röntgenquelleInfo
- Publication number
- EP1769520A1 EP1769520A1 EP05759475A EP05759475A EP1769520A1 EP 1769520 A1 EP1769520 A1 EP 1769520A1 EP 05759475 A EP05759475 A EP 05759475A EP 05759475 A EP05759475 A EP 05759475A EP 1769520 A1 EP1769520 A1 EP 1769520A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- shield
- anode
- tube
- hollow body
- ray tube
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J35/02—Details
- H01J35/16—Vessels; Containers; Shields associated therewith
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2235/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J2235/08—Targets (anodes) and X-ray converters
- H01J2235/081—Target material
- H01J2235/082—Fluids, e.g. liquids, gases
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2235/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J2235/12—Cooling
- H01J2235/1225—Cooling characterised by method
- H01J2235/1262—Circulating fluids
- H01J2235/1275—Circulating fluids characterised by the fluid
- H01J2235/1279—Liquid metals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2235/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J2235/16—Vessels
- H01J2235/165—Shielding arrangements
- H01J2235/166—Shielding arrangements against electromagnetic radiation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2235/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J2235/16—Vessels
- H01J2235/165—Shielding arrangements
- H01J2235/167—Shielding arrangements against thermal (heat) energy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J35/02—Details
- H01J35/04—Electrodes ; Mutual position thereof; Constructional adaptations therefor
- H01J35/08—Anodes; Anti cathodes
- H01J35/112—Non-rotating anodes
- H01J35/116—Transmissive anodes
Definitions
- the invention relates to a shielding of an X-ray source whose anode module is formed as a liquid metal X-ray source with ei ⁇ nem interaction module in a liquid metal circuit of tubular elements and is disposed within an anode housing.
- a lead shield was placed around the X-ray tube, which has only one opening in the region of the X-ray exit window. Since the HaIb- value layer thickness when using this X-ray tube in Gepiere ⁇ test area due to the high voltage of some 100 kv is about 5 mm, this shield has an enormous Ge weight on. This is problematical for a CT application since the x-ray tube has to be rotated on a gantry around the piece of luggage to be examined. A solution attempt was to bring the lead shield as close as possible to the focus of the X-ray anode, and to minimize its spatial extent. mieren.
- the object of the invention is therefore to present a shield for a liquid metal X-ray source, which is as light as possible, is not melted by scattered electrons and allows a good shielding of the scattered radiation.
- a shield having the features of patent claim 1. Since the interaction module of the liquid metal X-ray source, which has the focus, is embedded in a liquid metal circuit and thus connect tube elements to the inlet and the outlet of the interaction module, these tube elements can be used to absorb the scattered radiation. The tube elements are bent in such a way that they only let through the part of the x-ray beam which corresponds to an exit window of the housing of the x-ray tube. The problem of melting the shield does not exist here, since the liquid metal in the tube elements is constantly circulated and subjected to constant cooling. Since the shielding takes place directly in the area of the anode, ie also around the focus, the shield has only a low weight due to the very small spatial extent.
- the interaction module is arranged in a hollow body which consists of a material of good thermal conductivity, wherein the hollow body is connected to the anode housing at its side surfaces.
- the hollow body can be assumed that the tube elements of the liquid metal circuit are wound onto this and thus a better mechanical stability of the shielding is given. Due to the good thermal conductivity an excellent removal of the resulting heat is ensured.
- a further advantageous development of the invention provides that the tube elements at least partially cover the surface of the hollow body and are arranged on the inner surface of the anode housing. This in turn increases the stability of the entire shield, since it is arranged on the hollow body and on the anode housing.
- the tube elements are particularly preferably arranged spirally on the surface of the hollow body and helically on the inner surface of the anode housing.
- a further advantageous development of the invention provides that the tube elements are in good thermal contact with the surface of the hollow body. This avoids that the hollow body heats up so much that it begins to melt, since its heat is dissipated from the cooled liquid metal circuit.
- a further advantageous development of the invention provides that the tube elements cover a solid angle of 50% to 75% in the region of the focus of the anode module. Thereby, it is possible that the released superfluous scattered radiation is effectively absorbed. Only a small opening must be present at the rear side of the anode, through which the electron beam can penetrate unhindered between the tube elements. At the front side, as little X-ray radiation as possible should escape in lateral directions, so that the tube elements here too do not cover only the smallest possible area.
- a further advantageous development of the invention provides that the tube elements have bending radii greater than 10 mm, in particular in the range of 10 mm to 20 mm. If the tube elements have no sharp corners, no unnecessary pressure loss takes place within the liquid metal circuit and the pump for the liquid metal circuit does not have to be unnecessarily large.
- a further advantageous development of the invention provides that the hollow body and / or the anode housing are made of copper. Since copper is a good heat conductor, overheating of both the hollow body and the anode housing is avoided. The heat generated there is transported away by the tube elements of the liquid circuit attached to them.
- the tube elements are made of molybdenum with a diameter of 5 to 20 mm, in particular 10 mm.
- Molybdenum has the advantage that it has a coefficient of thermal expansion auf ⁇ , which is perfectly matched to the remaining parts of the liquid metal circuit.
- the other Given range of the diameter suitable that the required power of the pump motor for the circulation of the liquid metal is limited and thus the engine can be made very small.
- the hollow body has a height of 7 to 20 mm, in particular 10 mm.
- the focus of the X-ray anode in the form of the interaction module is well accommodated and at the same time the height is not too large, so that the shield in the form of the tube elements can still be arranged very close to the focus and thus cover only a small spatial area got to.
- the weight of the shield is kept as low as possible.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic longitudinal section through a shield according to the invention in a liquid metal anode X-ray tube in the plane of the electron beam focus
- Figure 2 shows an enlarged schematic cross-section through the anode of Figure 1 in egg ner plane perpendicular to the electron beam.
- FIG. 1 shows an X-ray tube 1 in longitudinal section.
- the x-ray tube 1 has a housing 2, in which a cathode 3 and an anode 5 are arranged.
- the cathode 3 is designed in a known manner and is operated with a negative high voltage of about -250 kV.
- an electron beam 4 is generated, which is positive charged anode 5 is accelerated.
- At the anode 5 is a positive high voltage of about +250 kV.
- the housing 2 is kept at ground potential. In such a case one obtains an X-ray spectrum which reaches up to 500 keV. This energy is sufficient to penetrate typical Heilfracht ⁇ container in a vertical projection.
- Such an X-ray tube 1 is therefore suitable for luggage monitoring, in particular at airports.
- a liquid metal anode is used, wherein the area of the focus is formed as an interaction module 9.
- a tube element 10 connects, through which the liquid metal 20 (see FIG. 2) is circulated by means of elements which are shown in more detail in FIG.
- tube elements 10 tubes of molybdenum are used with a diameter of 10 mm. Depending on the application, of course, other diameters and other materials for the tube elements 10 are possible.
- the entire liquid metal anode is accommodated in an anode housing 6.
- the anode housing 6 has an entrance aperture 7, through which the electron beam 4 passes. It impinges on the interaction module 9 in the region of the focus and produces an X-ray beam 12 there.
- the X-ray beam 12 exits the anode 5 through an exit aperture 8 in the anode housing 6. He then leaves through a Aus ⁇ exit window 13, the housing 2 and is available for the examination of a piece of luggage (not shown).
- the anode housing 2 has smooth contours, for example, it is cylindrical or spherical, and is po ⁇ profiled. This avoids high-voltage discharge due to peak effects, and there is no sparkover. Both the entrance aperture 7 and the exit aperture 8 can be kept very small, so that only a small electric field is present within the anode housing 6.
- the shield 11 is arranged in the immediate vicinity of the interaction module 9 - and thus the focus. Since a significantly lower surface must therefore be covered at the same space angle required outside the housing 2, the total mass of the shield 11 is also significantly lower than the shields known from the prior art.
- the shield 11 is inventively formed by the tube elements 10 itself. In this case, the tube elements 10 are so bent that only a small solid angle is available for the X-ray beam 12 generated in the forward direction in the forward direction to the incident electron beam 4 in order to be able to pass unhindered through the shield 11. The remaining generated X-radiation is scattered radiation and is absorbed by the shield 11.
- FIG. 2 shows a cross section through the anode housing 6.
- the electron beam 4 impinges on the interaction module 9, which is arranged in a hollow body 14.
- the hollow body 14 is made of a material with good thermal conductivity, for example copper. It has a height of about 10 mm and is connected at its sides to the anode housing 6. Outside the hollow body 14 and within the anode housing 6, all components are un ⁇ accommodated, which are necessary for the liquid metal circuit.
- a pump motor 15 which is connected via a drive shaft 19 to a magnetic disk 16.
- the liquid metal 20 is pumped through the tube elements 10 and also flows through the interaction module 9 (see also FIG. 1).
- a heat exchanger 18 is angeord ⁇ net, for example, a cross-flow heat exchanger, which emits the heat generated in the focus and in the shield 11 to a cooling liquid, such as an insulating oil.
- an expansion chamber 17 is integrated into the liquid metal circuit, which keeps the pressure of the liquid metal 20 within the circuit constant. This is necessary because the liquid metal 20 expands or contracts depending on its temperature.
- the tube elements 10 already designed for FIG.
- the tube elements 10 are wound so that they rest in the form of a helix on the inside of the spherical anode housing 6. Both the connection of the tube elements 10 with the Hohlkör ⁇ per 14 and the anode housing 6 is thermally well conductive, so that possibly in the anode housing 6 or the hollow body 14 resulting heat immediately and well by the ge cooled liquid metal 20 in the tube elements 10th can be abtransported.
- the individually matched components lead to the fact that the entire liquid metal circuit can be made very compact and thus can be arranged completely in ⁇ within the anode housing 6. This also results in a very low weight for the anode 5, which is of the utmost importance with regard to a rotating arrangement on a gantry about the item of luggage to be examined. Due to the shield 11 in the described form, it is possible to effectively absorb both the scattering rays which are also produced in the focus but not required for the examination of a piece of luggage, and also to dissipate the heat which, within the hollow body 14, due to the irradiation by means of secondary electrons, which are returned from the electron beam 4, is generated.
- an X-ray tube 1 which enables equivalent shielding of scattered radiation with a significantly lower weight than the known X-ray tubes and thus is better rotated on a gantry about a piece of luggage to be examined can.
Landscapes
- X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
- Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102004031973A DE102004031973B4 (de) | 2004-07-01 | 2004-07-01 | Abschirmung einer Röntgenquelle |
PCT/EP2005/007139 WO2006002958A1 (de) | 2004-07-01 | 2005-07-01 | Abschirmung einer röntgenquelle |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1769520A1 true EP1769520A1 (de) | 2007-04-04 |
EP1769520B1 EP1769520B1 (de) | 2008-11-26 |
Family
ID=35311315
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP05759475A Not-in-force EP1769520B1 (de) | 2004-07-01 | 2005-07-01 | Abschirmung einer röntgenquelle |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1769520B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE415699T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE102004031973B4 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2006002958A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102013220189A1 (de) * | 2013-10-07 | 2015-04-23 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Röntgenquelle und Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Röntgenstrahlung |
US9863342B2 (en) | 2015-09-25 | 2018-01-09 | General Electric Company | System and method for controlling an engine air-fuel ratio |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE726594C (de) * | 1939-05-13 | 1942-10-16 | Dr Med Werner Koose | Roentgenroehre mit Anode aus umlaufender Fluessigkeit |
NL88347C (de) * | 1951-08-18 | |||
GB897577A (en) * | 1959-07-15 | 1962-05-30 | Bristol Siddeley Engines Ltd | Improvements in or relating to apparatus for producing a jet consisting of a plasma of ions and electrons |
JPS63253854A (ja) * | 1987-04-06 | 1988-10-20 | Power Reactor & Nuclear Fuel Dev Corp | タンク内挿入型電磁ポンプ |
DE10062928A1 (de) * | 2000-12-16 | 2002-06-20 | Philips Corp Intellectual Pty | Röntgenstrahler mit Flüssigmetall-Target |
DE10106740A1 (de) * | 2001-02-14 | 2002-08-22 | Philips Corp Intellectual Pty | Röntgenstrahler mit einem Target aus einem flüssigen Metall |
DE10129463A1 (de) * | 2001-06-19 | 2003-01-02 | Philips Corp Intellectual Pty | Röntgenstrahler mit einem Flüssigmetall-Target |
DE10130070A1 (de) * | 2001-06-21 | 2003-01-02 | Philips Corp Intellectual Pty | Röntgenstrahler mit Flüssigmetall-Target |
JP3898029B2 (ja) * | 2001-10-31 | 2007-03-28 | ジーイー・メディカル・システムズ・グローバル・テクノロジー・カンパニー・エルエルシー | X線発生装置 |
EP1485935A1 (de) * | 2002-03-08 | 2004-12-15 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Gerät zur erzeugung von röntgenstrahlung mit flüssigmetallanode |
JP2006510192A (ja) * | 2002-12-11 | 2006-03-23 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ | 単色x線生成用x線源 |
-
2004
- 2004-07-01 DE DE102004031973A patent/DE102004031973B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-07-01 DE DE502005006084T patent/DE502005006084D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-07-01 EP EP05759475A patent/EP1769520B1/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2005-07-01 AT AT05759475T patent/ATE415699T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-07-01 WO PCT/EP2005/007139 patent/WO2006002958A1/de active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2006002958A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102004031973A1 (de) | 2006-01-26 |
DE102004031973B4 (de) | 2006-06-01 |
EP1769520B1 (de) | 2008-11-26 |
DE502005006084D1 (de) | 2009-01-08 |
ATE415699T1 (de) | 2008-12-15 |
WO2006002958A1 (de) | 2006-01-12 |
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