EP1764564A1 - Installation de chauffage d'eau sanitaire - Google Patents

Installation de chauffage d'eau sanitaire Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1764564A1
EP1764564A1 EP06019492A EP06019492A EP1764564A1 EP 1764564 A1 EP1764564 A1 EP 1764564A1 EP 06019492 A EP06019492 A EP 06019492A EP 06019492 A EP06019492 A EP 06019492A EP 1764564 A1 EP1764564 A1 EP 1764564A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drinking water
water heater
heat exchanger
partial
line
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP06019492A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1764564B1 (fr
Inventor
Wilfried Ebster
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GEWOFAG GEBAEUDE SERVICE GMBH
Original Assignee
Gewofag Gemeinnuetzige Wohnungsfuersorge AG Muenchen
Gewofag Gemeinnutzige Wohnungsfursorge AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Gewofag Gemeinnuetzige Wohnungsfuersorge AG Muenchen, Gewofag Gemeinnutzige Wohnungsfursorge AG filed Critical Gewofag Gemeinnuetzige Wohnungsfuersorge AG Muenchen
Publication of EP1764564A1 publication Critical patent/EP1764564A1/fr
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Publication of EP1764564B1 publication Critical patent/EP1764564B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
    • F24D17/0073—Arrangements for preventing the occurrence or proliferation of microorganisms in the water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
    • F24D17/0078—Recirculation systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a drinking water heating system according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for operating a drinking water heating system according to the preamble of claim 15.
  • a drinking water heating system is known in which the content of a container-shaped drinking water heater is heated to a sufficient to kill the microorganisms temperature for controlling harmful microorganisms, in particular of Legionella.
  • a circulation line which opens out in the lower region of the drinking water heater is put into operation, which ensures that a complete mixing of the container contents takes place, ie no zones and layers of water with a lower temperature remain.
  • the heating of the drinking water via a heat exchanger which is connected to a heating circuit.
  • a heat exchanger which is connected to a heating circuit.
  • the known system is simple in design and also ensures a very effective control of microorganisms, but it can only ensure a relatively low utilization of the heat supplied via the heating circuit. This means that the temperature difference between the flow and return of the heating circuit water and thus the thermal efficiency of the system is relatively low.
  • the invention is based on the object to show a drinking water heating system and a method for operating a drinking water heating system of the type mentioned in such a way that with a simple structure and efficient control of microorganisms increased efficiency can be achieved.
  • An essential point of the invention is that two zones of heat transfer from the heating circuit to the domestic hot water are created.
  • the circulated domestic hot water is maintained at its prescribed temperature so that it enters the circuit at around 60 ° C and returns to it at around 55 ° C (or hotter).
  • the heat loss of the domestic hot water in its circulation is thus compensated by the upper heat exchanger.
  • the lower heat exchanger is located in an area that can be regarded as isolated by stratification in the DHW cylinder. With a domestic hot water extraction, drinking water is supplied to this lower area.
  • the upper heat exchanger operates at a higher operating temperature than the lower heat exchanger, ie the two heat exchangers are thus connected in series, there is a considerably higher cooling of the heat carrier in the heat cycle, ie a better return cooling and thus saving of supplied heat energy.
  • This is of particular advantage when the drinking water heating system is connected to a district heating network. In this case, the costs to be paid to the energy supplier are determined exclusively by the amount of heat carrier removed (hot water or steam), regardless of the temperature of the recycled heat carrier.
  • the operation of the drinking water heating system according to the invention or a drinking water heating system which operates according to the method of the invention is improved on a condensing boiler.
  • Conventional drinking water heating systems have namely a very high return temperature of the heat carrier, so that a heat recovery via condensation of the heating fumes is not possible.
  • a circulation line is provided, which allows a shortened circulation during a phase for thermal disinfection between the upper portion of the drinking water heater and its lower portion.
  • This makes it possible, once a week during periods of low frequency of use (for example, 4 o'clock in the morning) to heat all the water in the water heater to about 65 ° C over a period of about 1 ⁇ 2 hour, so that microorganisms, especially Legionella be killed safely.
  • only a small amount of energy is necessary, since the heat losses occur almost exclusively in the area of the drinking water heater and the (easy to isolate) short circulation line.
  • the drinking cold water line is connected in a lower region of the drinking water heater below the second heat exchanger. This does not result in a blatant differential temperature stratification between the heat exchanger and the incoming drinking cold water, whereby the calcification risk is minimized.
  • the circulation line is preferably switchable via controllable valve devices for exclusively flowing through the drinking water heater from its lowest connection point to its uppermost connection point. This allows a safe and energy-saving thermal kill any existing germs.
  • the drinking water heater is in a first partial drinking water heater and a second partial drinking water heater (preheating stage) split, wherein the upper heat exchanger in the lower part (eg in the lower third) of the first part-Trinkwasserskarers and the lower heat exchanger in the lower part of the second part-Trinkiganskarers is mounted and wherein a connecting line from the top of the second part-Trinkiganskarers to the bottom of the first Part-Trinkheimer igniters is provided.
  • This two-part design of the drinking water heater not only has the known advantages (ease of manufacture, installation, maintenance), but also leads to a better separation between the upper (hotter) and the lower (colder) range of Trinkementwasser 1974rs or heat exchangers.
  • the connecting line is connected to the upper connection point of the second part-Trinkiganer Anlagenrs and at the lowest point of the first part-Trinkwasserer 1974rs.
  • a first shut-off auxiliary line for connecting the cold water supply to the underside of the first partial domestic water heater and valve devices for closing the second partial domestic water heater during maintenance work are preferably provided.
  • auxiliary lines are preferably detachably fastened via detachable connection devices, in particular via flange connections.
  • the circulation connection is attached to the second partial domestic water heater, specifically above the middle and in particular in the upper third of the second partial domestic water heater and thus above the second heat exchanger.
  • a partial circulation connection may be attached to the first partial domestic water heater such that a partial flow of the drinking water circulation line can preferably be supplied to the first partial drinking water container up to 50% of the recirculated domestic hot water. The proportion of this partial flow is preferably fixed.
  • the partial circulation connection is substantially in the middle of the first part-Trinkwasser Werers and preferably mounted above the first heat exchanger.
  • the method according to the invention has the same advantages as described above with reference to the device according to the invention.
  • a drinking water heating system is shown schematically, which includes a central heating water heater 20 as a central component.
  • a heat source 40 for example, a connection to a district heating supply (or a condensing boiler), which is a network heat exchanger 44 downstream.
  • the heat from the heat source 40 is passed in this to a secondary heat cycle comprising a heat supply line 41, a heat circulation pump 45, an upper heat exchanger 30 in the domestic water heater 20 and a series connected to this lower heat exchanger 31, from which then the heat transfer medium via a Heat return 42 is fed back to the network heat exchanger 44.
  • This arrangement of the heat cycle has the advantage that, in particular when connected to a district heating, the pressure in the heat exchangers 30, 31 and the entire lines is independent of the pressure of the heat source 40, wherein furthermore the heat cycle pump 45 can be used for control purposes to ensure optimum heat transfer to the drinking water to be heated.
  • the drinking water heater 20 is connected in its lower part to a cold water inlet 17, to which a drinking cold water network 8 is connected. In the usual way, this cold water inlet 17 can be shut off via valves.
  • the drinking water heater 20 has an upper connection 23, which is connected via a shut-off valve 65 to a supply line of a domestic hot water network 10.
  • a domestic hot water network 10 To this hot water supply network 10 as well as to the drinking cold water network 8 are taps 7 (for clarity, only one of which is drawn) connected.
  • the domestic hot water network 9 has in addition to the line 10 a drinking water circulation line 11, which is guided via a three-way valve 51, a circulation pump 50, a branch point 14 and a circulation valve 26 to a circulation port 25, which opens into the drinking water heater 20.
  • a recirculation line 15 leads from the branch point 14 via a solenoid valve 52 to a lower connection 24 on the domestic water heater 20.
  • the circulation connection 25 is mounted at a height H via the lower connection 24 or at a height h below the upper connection 23 of the DHW heater 20.
  • the ratio H / h is preferably between 1/3 and 1.
  • the upper heat exchanger 30 is located above the circulation connection 25, the lower heat exchanger 31 below.
  • a short-circuit line 13 is connected, which opens via a controllable (magnetic) 3-way valve 51 into the drinking water circulation line 11.
  • the domestic hot water flows with its prescribed temperature of about 60 ° C from the upper terminal 23 of the domestic water heater 20 through the open shut-off valve 65 in the line 10 of the hot water network to the taps 7 and can be removed there.
  • Unnecessary domestic hot water flows back via the drinking water circulation line 11, the 3-way valve 51, the pump 50, the branch point 14 and the solenoid valve 26 to the circulation connection 25 back into the drinking water heater 20.
  • the upper heat exchanger 30 is thus located in a region of the domestic water heater 20, through which hot water continuously circulates, wherein the water recirculated via the drinking water circulation line 11 has a temperature of about 55 ° C and the upper heat exchanger 30 is thus operated at a relatively high temperature.
  • drinking cold water flows through the drinking cold water lines 17, into the drinking water heater 20 and up to the lower drinking water heater 31 over. Due to the fact that there is a flow in the lower region of the drinking water heater 20 only during a domestic hot water withdrawal, a stratification forms in which a lower temperature is present in the lower region of the domestic water heater 20 than in the upper region.
  • the supplied drinking cold water is "preheated" by the lower heat exchanger 31, since this is connected in series with the upper heat exchanger 30 and thus operates at a lower temperature than the upper heat exchanger 30th
  • a thermal disinfection is carried out, in which the entire contents of the drinking water heater 20 is heated to a temperature of about 65 ° C. This process preferably takes place at about 2 o'clock in the morning, that is to say at a time when no hot drinking water is usually withdrawn. It should be noted, however, that in the arrangement shown here at this time without further drinking water can be removed.
  • the 3-way valve 51 is switched so that the short-circuit line 13 is connected to the drinking water circulation line 11. Furthermore, the solenoid valve 52 is opened so that a substantial portion of the circulated through the pump 50 contents of the water heater 20 flows into the lower port 24 of the water heater 20 so that the stratification in the water heater 20 is broken and the entire contents of the water heater 20 is circulated.
  • the domestic hot water is heated by the two heat exchangers 30, 31 to the necessary to kill microorganisms temperature of about 65 ° C in such a way that nowhere in the drinking water heater 20 zones remain at a lower temperature.
  • the cold water inlet 17 remains open, so that when at a tapping point 7 drinking water is removed, this can be withdrawn through the line 10 from the system. So it is only the drinking water circulation line 11 is shut off before the 3-way valve 51.
  • valve 52 is opened. This ensures that once a day all stratifications are broken up and a complete "flushing" of the DHW heater is ensured.
  • FIG. 4 an embodiment of the invention is shown, which differs from that of FIG. 1 only by the different type of circuit of the network heat exchanger 44.
  • the upper heat exchanger 30 is completely separated from the primary circuit of the heat transfer medium from the heat source 40 and is circulated through the heat circulation pump 45.
  • the coming out of the primary circuit of the network heat exchanger 44 heat transfer medium, which has a lower temperature than the upper heat exchanger 30 supplied (secondary) heat transfer medium is supplied to the lower heat exchanger 31 and then passes back to the heat source 40.
  • the domestic water heater is divided into a first partial domestic water heater 20 and a second, separate domestic drinking water heater 20 '.
  • these two partial domestic water heaters 20, 20 ' connected in series via a connecting line 18, which can be shut off via a 3-way valve 62 at an upper terminal 23' of the second part-Trinkwasserer Anlagenrs 20 'on the one hand and a shut-off valve 54 with the drinking water supply of first partial drinking water heater 20 on the other hand connected.
  • the cold water inlet 17 is shut off via a 3-way valve 61 in the lower part of the second part-Trinkiganer Anlagenrs 20 'attached.
  • the line 10 of the domestic hot water network 9 is coupled to the upper terminal 23 of the first part-Trinkwasserer Anlagenrs.
  • a shut-off valve 64 is coupled for an auxiliary line, the output side has a flange 67 in order to couple the (described below) auxiliary line.
  • the connecting line 18 is coupled via a 3-way valve 63 at the upper terminal 23 '. Also, this 3-way valve 63 has a flange 67 'on.
  • the cold water inlet 17 is connected via a further 3-way valve 61 to the cold water inlet of the second cold water inlet of the second part-Trinkwasserer Hopkinsrs 20 ', the further connection again has a flange 66'.
  • shut-off valve 63 is provided which has a fourth flange 66 at its other end.
  • the heat exchangers 30, 31 are switched directly into the circulation of the heat carrier.
  • this can also be applied to the previously described embodiments of the invention, as well as the Use of a mesh heat exchanger according to the embodiments of Figures 1 or 4 in the present embodiment of the invention.
  • the heat source 14, in particular a district heating, is connected via a heat supply line 41 to a 3-way valve 46. Via a heat supply line 41 ', the heat transfer medium enters the first heat exchanger 30 and from there via an exchanger connection line 43 in the second heat exchanger 31. From this, the heat transfer medium passes through a heat return line 42 back to the heat source 40th
  • the output of the first heat exchanger 30 is connected via a valve 47 to the heat return 42.
  • the first point of difference to the aforementioned embodiments of the invention is that the DHW cylinder is divided into two partial DHW heaters, a first partial DHW cylinder 20 and a second partial DHW cylinder 20 '. If cold water flows from a tapping point 7 via the line 17 when drinking hot water is taken off, then this was initially achieved via the first partial domestic water heater 20 'at a lower point and, when flowing upward, in the direction of the line 10 of the domestic hot water network 9 from the lower heat exchanger 31 heated. This preheated water passes via the connecting line 18 to a lower point of the first part-Trinkwasserer 1974rs 20 and via a port on which the operation of this part-Trinkwasserer sparklers is the only drinking water heater, the cold water supply.
  • the recirculated from the domestic hot water network water passes through the branch point 14, the valve 26 'and the circulation port 25' in the second partial potable water heater, circulates through the upper portion and passes through the connecting line 18 back into the first part-DHW 20, flows through the there attached first heat exchanger 30 and is heated again to the operating temperature of 60 ° C until it enters the line 10 of the hot water hot water 9.
  • a first auxiliary line 60 is switched.
  • the valve 61 is set so that the cold water inlet 17 is only connected to the first auxiliary line 60.
  • the valve 63 is opened and the valve 54 is closed, so that drinking cold water can only flow into the corresponding connection of the first part of the drinking water tank 20, while the connecting line 18 between the first and the second part drinking water tank 20, 20 'is closed.
  • valve 47 is opened and a valve 48 on the second heat exchanger 31 is closed, so that the second heat exchanger 31 is completely sealed off and the heat transfer medium only flows through the first heat exchanger 30. In this state, the second partial domestic water heater 20 'can be maintained. Otherwise, the circuit substantially corresponds to that of the embodiments according to FIGS. 1 or 4.
  • the first auxiliary line 60 is again removed by separation at the flange connections 66, 66 ', emptied and stored in a dry state. As a result, it is not possible for stagnation and microorganisms to form or multiply in the auxiliary line 60.
  • the circuit of FIG. 8 For maintenance of the first partial domestic water heater 20, the circuit of FIG. 8 is used.
  • the heat transfer medium is supplied via a corresponding circuit of the 3-way valve 46 only the second heat exchanger 31.
  • the first heat exchanger 30 is completely separated by the valves mounted there.
  • the line 10 for the domestic hot water network is connected via a second auxiliary line 60 'and the flange 67, 67' and the valve 64 and the 3-way valve 62 to the upper terminal 23 'of the second part-Trinkwasserer Stahlrs.
  • the circulation line 11 is connected exclusively to the circulation connection 25 'of the second partial domestic water heater 20, so that the first partial domestic water heater 20 is completely disconnected from the system and can be maintained.
  • the second auxiliary line 60 ' is removed again, emptied and stored dry, as described above.
  • the solenoid valve 52 ' is opened and the 3-way valve 46 is switched such that only the lower heat exchanger 31 in the second partial potable water heater 20' (in the preheating stage) is connected to the heat source 40. This ensures that the entire, contained in the domestic hot water circuit water is heated to about 60 ° and overheating is avoided, which could occur with additional operation of the first heat exchanger 30 in the first partial drinking warmer 20.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Devices For Dispensing Beverages (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)
  • General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)
  • Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
EP06019492A 2005-09-20 2006-09-18 Installation de chauffage d'eau sanitaire Active EP1764564B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005044845A DE102005044845A1 (de) 2005-09-20 2005-09-20 Trinkwassererwärmungsanlage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1764564A1 true EP1764564A1 (fr) 2007-03-21
EP1764564B1 EP1764564B1 (fr) 2012-03-21

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ID=37564261

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06019492A Active EP1764564B1 (fr) 2005-09-20 2006-09-18 Installation de chauffage d'eau sanitaire

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EP (1) EP1764564B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE550609T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102005044845A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK1764564T3 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009015023A2 (fr) * 2007-07-20 2009-01-29 Walker Robert E Procédé et appareil pour une distribution d'eau
WO2010009204A2 (fr) * 2008-07-15 2010-01-21 Robert Walker Procédé et appareil de distribution d’eau
EP2778541A1 (fr) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-17 GEWOFAG Gebäude Service GmbH Circuit destiné à faire baisser la température de retour primaire dans des installations de chauffage à distance

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110185730A1 (en) 2010-02-03 2011-08-04 Gebaeude Service GmbH Three-conductor and four-conductor system for saving energy in connection with district heat
EP2354677B1 (fr) 2010-02-03 2015-08-19 GEWOFAG Gebäude Service GmbH Utilisation de la chaleur du reflux de chauffage urbain
DE102011008762B4 (de) * 2011-01-17 2021-04-29 Werner Dünnleder Anlage zum Erwärmen von Trinkwasser und zum Abtöten von Legionellen und sonstigen Keimen in dem Trinkwasser

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19903442A1 (de) * 1999-01-29 2000-08-10 Reflex Winkelmann & Pannhoff G Warmwasserspeicher
DE19932436A1 (de) * 1999-07-12 2001-02-01 Gewofag Gemeinnuetzige Wohnung Trinkwarmwasserleitungsanlage
DE10010498A1 (de) * 2000-03-07 2001-09-13 Ralf Weinand Verfahren zur Übertragung von Wärmeenergie und eine Einrichtung dazu

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE20218316U1 (de) * 2002-06-12 2003-04-10 Friesenegger, Alfred, 83135 Schechen Gebäudeheiz- und Kühlsystem für Niedrigenergiehäuser durch Brauchwasser
EP1783438A1 (fr) * 2002-09-26 2007-05-09 Carmelo Occhipinti Chauffe-eau

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19903442A1 (de) * 1999-01-29 2000-08-10 Reflex Winkelmann & Pannhoff G Warmwasserspeicher
DE19932436A1 (de) * 1999-07-12 2001-02-01 Gewofag Gemeinnuetzige Wohnung Trinkwarmwasserleitungsanlage
DE10010498A1 (de) * 2000-03-07 2001-09-13 Ralf Weinand Verfahren zur Übertragung von Wärmeenergie und eine Einrichtung dazu

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009015023A2 (fr) * 2007-07-20 2009-01-29 Walker Robert E Procédé et appareil pour une distribution d'eau
WO2009015023A3 (fr) * 2007-07-20 2009-08-13 Robert E Walker Procédé et appareil pour une distribution d'eau
WO2010009204A2 (fr) * 2008-07-15 2010-01-21 Robert Walker Procédé et appareil de distribution d’eau
WO2010009204A3 (fr) * 2008-07-15 2010-03-11 Robert Walker Procédé et appareil de distribution d’eau
EP2778541A1 (fr) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-17 GEWOFAG Gebäude Service GmbH Circuit destiné à faire baisser la température de retour primaire dans des installations de chauffage à distance

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE550609T1 (de) 2012-04-15
EP1764564B1 (fr) 2012-03-21
DK1764564T3 (da) 2012-07-09
DE102005044845A1 (de) 2007-03-22

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