EP1763049B1 - Installation de commutation à vide - Google Patents

Installation de commutation à vide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1763049B1
EP1763049B1 EP06018899.2A EP06018899A EP1763049B1 EP 1763049 B1 EP1763049 B1 EP 1763049B1 EP 06018899 A EP06018899 A EP 06018899A EP 1763049 B1 EP1763049 B1 EP 1763049B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vacuum
potential
insulator
metallic container
switchgear
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP06018899.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1763049A1 (fr
Inventor
Ayumu Morita
Kazuhiro Satou
Masato Kobayashi
Kenji Tsuchiya
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hitachi Industrial Equipment Systems Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Hitachi Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hitachi Ltd filed Critical Hitachi Ltd
Publication of EP1763049A1 publication Critical patent/EP1763049A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1763049B1 publication Critical patent/EP1763049B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/668—Means for obtaining or monitoring the vacuum

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a vacuum switchgear and more particularly to a vacuum switchgear having a function for diagnosing the soundness of the vacuum pressure during the normal operation.
  • Fig. 9 shows the discharge characteristic in a vacuum, that is, the so-called Paschen curve indicating the correlation of the product of pressure and distance with the discharge voltage.
  • the vacuum pressure rises to a certain value or higher, the insulation performance is lowered suddenly.
  • the vacuum switchgear there are possibilities that the vacuum pressure may be deteriorated due to not only breakage and failures but also long-term transmission of atmospheric gas, so that a periodic inspection is required.
  • the discharge pulse used for diagnosis is a high frequency signal, so that the detection circuit is complicated and moreover, a discrimination function for radio wave noise from the surrounding environment is required, thus the cost is increased inevitably.
  • JP 57 148830 A describes a vacuum switchgear with the features of the pre-characterising portion of present claim 1. Further conventional switchgears are shown in EP 1 041 593 A2 , JP 2005 108766 A , EP 0 079 181 A1 , JP 58 106431 A , and US 4 148 024 A .
  • the high frequency pulse is used for the vacuum pressure diagnosis, so that a problem arises that complicated signal processing function and circuit such as a pulse detection circuit and a discrimination function from external noise must be installed additionally.
  • An object of the present invention is to solve the aforementioned problem and to provide a vacuum switchgear having a function for diagnosing the soundness of the vacuum pressure during the normal operation.
  • a vacuum switchgear with a vacuum pressure diagnostic device attached including a metallic container at a floating potential, a vacuum container composed of an insulating bushing fixed to the metallic container, and at least one pair of connectable electrodes in the vacuum container, wherein a measuring terminal for vacuum pressure diagnosis is arranged opposite to the metallic container, and the metallic container and measuring terminal are molded by an insulator such as epoxy, and a grounding layer is installed on the outer peripheral part of the insulator, and the grounding layer and measuring terminal are insulated electrically, and the soundness of the vacuum pressure is judged by measuring a voltage generated at the measuring terminal.
  • the ground capacity of the metallic container is increased by the grounding layer of the outer peripheral part of the insulator, so that the potential of the metallic container during the normal operation (during current supply) approaches the ground potential.
  • the potential of the metallic container becomes equal to the system potential. Namely, by a potential rise at the system frequency (50 Hz or 60 Hz) generated in the metallic container, deterioration of the vacuum pressure can be detected, and a vacuum switchgear with a vacuum pressure diagnostic device attached in which the detection circuit and diagnostic circuit are simplified extremely can be provided at a low cost.
  • Fig. 1 is a side cross sectional view showing the first useful for understanding the vacuum switchgear of the present invention.
  • the vacuum valve 1 is composed of a fixing-side insulating bushing composed of a ceramic cylinder 2, a terminal plate 3, and a fixed conductor 4 and a moving-side insulating bushing composed of a metallic container 12 at a floating potential, a ceramic cylinder 6, a terminal plate 7, a moving conductor 8, and a bellows 9.
  • a fixed electrode 11 and moving electrode 10 are fixed respectively.
  • the moving electrode 10 can operate by keeping the vacuum tightness by the bellows 9 and makes contact with or separates from the fixed electrode 11 to play a role as a switchgear. Further, the units are joined by brazing in a high-temperature vacuum oven.
  • the periphery of the metallic container 12 is molded by an insulator 20 such as epoxy.
  • the outer periphery of the insulator 20 is coated with conductive paint 21 (the two-dot chain line portion) and the painted surface is grounded E.
  • a measuring terminal 50 for vacuum pressure diagnosis is molded simultaneously and the measuring terminal 50 and conductive paint 21 are electrically insulated.
  • the measuring terminal 50 is connected to a pressure diagnostic device 51 and the pressure diagnostic device 51 is composed of a capacitor C0 and a voltmeter 52 for measuring voltage output Vout.
  • One end of the measuring terminal 50 is connected to the capacitor C0 grounded, and voltages generated at both ends of the capacitor C0 are measured by the voltmeter 52, and the soundness of the vacuum pressure is diagnosed by the voltages.
  • Fig. 2 shows the prior art indicated for comparison and existence of the insulator 20 with the periphery thereof fixed at the ground potential is a main difference from the present invention.
  • the actual potential of the metallic container 12 during current supply that is, when the vacuum valve 1 is charged will be explained.
  • an insulation distance between it and the receiving power board for storing the operation mechanism or switchgear (both are not drawn) is reserved.
  • an interval between it and the vacuum valve 1 must be preserved sufficiently. Therefore, generally, an electrostatic capacity Cm between the metallic container 12 and the main circuit is very large compared with an electrostatic capacity Cg between the metallic container 12 and the ground.
  • Ef Ep ⁇ Cm / Cm + Cg ⁇ Ep , so that from Cm >> Cg, it becomes almost the same potential as the system potential Ep.
  • the insulator 20 having a ground layer on the outer peripheral part, so that the ground capacity Cg of the metallic container 12 increases. Therefore, the actual potential Ef of the metallic container 12 is shifted from the system potential Ep to the ground potential side ( Fig. 3 ).
  • the potential of the measuring terminal 50 that is, the measuring voltage Vm is decided, in addition to the electrostatic capacities Cp and Cm, by the ground capacity C1 of the measuring terminal 50, the electrostatic capacity C2 between the metallic container 12 and the measuring terminal 50, and the capacitor capacity C0 in the pressure diagnostic device 51.
  • Each electrostatic capacity is explained in Fig. 4 and the measuring voltage Vm can be obtained by the equivalent circuit shown in Fig. 5 .
  • the electrostatic capacities Cp, Cm, C1, and C2 are decided by the structure and size and needless to say, the measuring voltage Vm is a proportional value to the potential Ef of the metallic container 12.
  • the insulator 20 having a grounding layer in the periphery by the insulator 20 having a grounding layer in the periphery, the potential Ef of the metallic container 12 is shifted on the ground potential side, so that when the vacuum pressure is deteriorated, not only the high frequency discharge pulse is generated but also the potential at the system frequency rises. Namely, instead of the high frequency discharge pulse, by taking up a rise of the potential at the system frequency, the deterioration may be diagnosed.
  • the judgment means 500 may be composed of a comparator 501 for comparing the voltages at both ends of the capacitor C0 with a preset threshold value, a relay contact 502 for operating by output of the comparator 501, and an alarm lamp 503 (or buzzer) which is turned on or off by the relay contact 502.
  • the comparator 501 may take up the voltage at the system frequency, so that it is simplified extremely compared with a circuit for handling the high frequency pulse.
  • the vacuum pressure diagnostic method by the system frequency voltage of the present invention can ignore an influence of external electromagnetic wave noise, so that the reliability of diagnostic results is improved.
  • the vacuum valve 1 may have an arc shield 201 at a floating potential in a ceramic cylinder 200 as shown in Fig. 11 .
  • the conductive paint 21 installed on the outer peripheral part of the insulator 20 is grounded, so that the ground capacity of the arc shield 201 is increased and the potential of the arc shield 201 during operation is shifted from the system potential to the ground potential side.
  • the vacuum pressure in the vacuum valve 1 is deteriorated, the potential of the arc shield 201 becomes equal to the system potential, so that in the measuring terminal 50, the potential at the system frequency rises. Therefore, also in this case, the deterioration of the vacuum pressure can be detected by the simple pressure diagnostic device 51 aforementioned.
  • the structure of the vacuum valve 1 is the same as that of the first example, so that the explanation thereof will be omitted.
  • the metallic container 12 is molded by the insulator 20 having a ground layer on its periphery and in this embodiment, the measuring terminal 50 is arranged separately.
  • a part 55 which is not coated with the conductive paint 21 is installed and the part 55 and measuring terminal 50 face each other.
  • the connection relationship between the measuring terminal 50 and the pressure diagnostic device 51 is the same as that of the first example.
  • the measuring terminal 50 is shielded in the electric field from the main circuit by the conductive paint 21 at the ground potential, so that the ground capacity C1 of the measuring terminal 50 is increased. As a result, even if the capacitor C0 in the pressure diagnostic device 51 is damaged or the connected line is disconnected, the potential of the measuring terminal 50 is lowered sufficiently compared with the system potential Ep, so that the safety for a maintenance and inspection is improved.
  • Example 1 Although it is a common matter between Example 1 and the embodiment, during the input and interruption operation, there are possibilities that an arc generated between the electrodes may touch the metallic container 12 and in this case, the potential Ef of the metallic container 12 becomes equal to the system potential Ep. This is a phenomenon generated regardless of the soundness of the vacuum pressure, so that it is adequate to exclude diagnostic results when an operation instruction is given.
  • a vacuum switchgear 100 includes a vacuum valve 101 having an interruption and a disconnection function and a vacuum valve 102 for ground switching and both are molded by the insulator 20 having the grounded conductive paint 21 around.
  • the vacuum valve 101 has the disconnection function, so as to ensure the safety for the maintenance and inspection person, it is desirable for it to have a diagnostic function for the vacuum pressure.
  • the vacuum valve 101 is composed of two insulating bushings 104 and 105 and the metallic container 12 at a floating potential and stores contact electrodes in the respective insulating bushings.
  • a fixed electrode 110 is connected to a conductor 112 via a fixed conductor 111 and is connected to the bus by a bushing 113.
  • a fixed electrode 114 is connected to a conductor 116 via a fixed conductor 115 and is connected to the load by a bushing 117.
  • moving contacts 120 and 121 are respectively fixed to moving conductors 122 and 123 and both moving conductors are connected by a conductor 124.
  • a current is supplied through the route of the bushing 113, conductor 112, fixed conductor 111, fixed electrode 110, moving electrode 120, moving conductor 122, conductor 124, moving conductor 123, moving electrode 121, fixed electrode 114, fixed conductor 115, conductor 116, and bushing 117.
  • an arc shield 119 around the contact electrode is used to prevent metallic particles emitted from the electrode at time of input and interruption from adhering to the inner surface of a ceramic cylinder 118, thus the insulation performance is prevented from deterioration.
  • the conductor 124 for connecting the two moving conductors 120 and 121 is connected to an operation rod 126 via a ceramic rod 125 and the operation rod 126 is connected to an insulating rod 127.
  • the insulating rod 127 is driven by an operation mechanism (not drawn) installed individually and the contact electrodes in the insulating bushings 104 and 105 make contact with or separate from each other.
  • a bellows 130 is installed between the operation rod 126 and the metallic container 12, so that they can operate by keeping the vacuum tightness.
  • the moving electrodes 120 and 121 move to three positions of an on position Y1, an off position Y2, and a disconnection position Y3 and realize the interruption function by an operation between the on position Y1 and the off position Y2 and the disconnection function by an operation between the off position Y2 and the disconnection position Y3.
  • the vacuum valve 102 for ground switching is composed of a bellows 148, a ceramic cylinder 140, terminal plates 141 and 142 at both ends thereof, a fixed conductor 143, a moving conductor 144, and a fixed electrode 145 and a moving electrode 146 which are fixed to both conductors and these units are mutually joined by brazing.
  • the moving conductor 144 outside the vacuum valve 102, is connected to a connection conductor 149 for mutually connecting three phase parts.
  • the moving conductor 146 is connected to an insulating rod 151 via a metal fitting 150.
  • the insulating rod 151 is driven by an operation mechanism (not drawn) separately installed to open or close the contact.
  • the fixed conductor 143 is connected to the conductor 116 connected to the load, so that the load is grounded by the input operation of the vacuum valve 102. Further, on the insulator 20, a capacitor 152 for voltage measurement is molded and existence of a voltage on the load side is discriminated.
  • the measuring terminal 50 for vacuum pressure diagnosis is molded inside the insulator 20 together with the vacuum valves 101 and 102 and is arranged opposite to the metallic container 12 of the vacuum valve 101.
  • the measuring terminal 50 through a connection line 160, is connected to the pressure diagnostic device 51 similar to that of Example 1 and the embodiment.
  • the metallic container 12 at a floating potential, by the conductive paint 21 grounded around the insulator 20, the actual potential thereof is shifted from the system potential Ep to the ground potential side.
  • electricity is discharged between the main circuit and the metallic container 12, and the potential of the metallic container 12 rises up to the system potential Ep, so that on-the basis of this potential rise, the deterioration of the vacuum pressure can be diagnosed.
  • a highly reliable vacuum pressure diagnostic device can be installed easily.
  • the inner pressure can be diagnosed by a potential rise of the metallic container at a floating potential, so that a vacuum pressure switchgear in which the deterioration diagnostic device is simplified and the diagnostic reliability is improved can be provided.

Landscapes

  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Appareillage de commutation sous vide (100) comportant :
    un conteneur métallique (12) à un potentiel flottant,
    un conteneur sous vide composé d'une bague isolante fixée audit conteneur métallique (12),
    au moins une paire d'électrodes pouvant être raccordées (10, 11) dans ledit conteneur sous vide, et
    une borne de mesure (50) pour un diagnostic de pression à vide,
    dans lequel
    ledit conteneur métallique (12) est moulé par un isolateur (20),
    une couche de mise à la terre (21) est installée sur une partie périphérique extérieure dudit isolateur (20), et
    ladite couche de mise à la terre (21) n'est pas installée sur une partie (55) de l'aire de surface dudit isolateur (20), ladite partie (55) étant agencée à l'opposé dudit conteneur métallique (12),
    caractérisé en ce que ladite borne de mesure (50) est agencée séparément dudit isolateur (20), et opposée à ladite partie (55) de l'aire de surface dudit isolateur 20 et dirigée vers celle-ci.
  2. Appareil de commutation sous vide (100) selon la revendication 1, comportant en outre :
    un dispositif de diagnostic (51) pour mesurer ou surveiller en continu une tension alternative à une fréquence de système générée sur ladite borne de mesure (50),
    dans lequel ledit dispositif de diagnostic (51), lorsqu'une tension monte à une valeur supérieur à une valeur de seuil se produit, est adapté pour décider qu'il s'agit d'un défaut de vide.
  3. Appareillage de commutation sous vide (100) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel ladite périphérie extérieure dudit isolateur (20) est revêtue d'une peinture conductrice et ladite couche de mise à la terre (21) est formée en mettant à la terre ladite peinture conductrice.
  4. Appareillage de commutation sous vide (100) selon la revendication 2, dans lequel ledit dispositif de diagnostic (51), lorsque aucune instruction de fonctionnement n'est donnée audit appareillage de commutation sous vide (100), est adapté pour mesurer une tension générée sur ladite borne de mesure (50) et lorsqu'une tension monte à une valeur supérieur à une valeur de seuil se produit, est adapté pour décider qu'il s'agit d'un défaut de vide.
EP06018899.2A 2005-09-13 2006-09-08 Installation de commutation à vide Not-in-force EP1763049B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2005264573A JP4169024B2 (ja) 2005-09-13 2005-09-13 真空開閉装置

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1763049A1 EP1763049A1 (fr) 2007-03-14
EP1763049B1 true EP1763049B1 (fr) 2016-08-24

Family

ID=37450879

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06018899.2A Not-in-force EP1763049B1 (fr) 2005-09-13 2006-09-08 Installation de commutation à vide

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1763049B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4169024B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN1933078B (fr)
SG (1) SG131045A1 (fr)
TW (1) TW200717563A (fr)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4686555B2 (ja) * 2008-01-09 2011-05-25 株式会社日立製作所 真空開閉装置
TWI485736B (zh) * 2010-03-25 2015-05-21 Hitachi Ltd Vacuum switch and vacuum insulated switchgear
JP5501263B2 (ja) * 2010-03-25 2014-05-21 株式会社日立製作所 真空絶縁開閉器及び真空絶縁スイッチギヤ
CN102522269B (zh) * 2011-12-27 2016-08-24 日新恒通电气有限公司 智能断路器
JP6118627B2 (ja) * 2013-04-26 2017-04-19 株式会社日立製作所 真空バルブの真空漏れ監視装置
JP6119985B2 (ja) * 2013-07-05 2017-04-26 日新電機株式会社 真空バルブの真空度監視方法及び真空バルブの真空度監視装置
FR3023650B1 (fr) * 2014-07-10 2016-08-19 Alstom Technology Ltd Interrupteur isole par du vide autorisant un test du vide, ensemble d'interrupteur et procede de test
JP6397700B2 (ja) * 2014-09-01 2018-09-26 株式会社日立産機システム 真空バルブの圧力診断装置または真空バルブ装置
FR3059461A1 (fr) * 2016-11-28 2018-06-01 Schneider Electric Industries Sas Dispositif de detection de la perte de vide dans une ampoule a vide et appareil de coupure a vide comportant un tel dispositif
JP7175799B2 (ja) * 2019-03-04 2022-11-21 株式会社日立産機システム 真空バルブの圧力監視装置、および、圧力監視方法

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0079181A1 (fr) * 1981-10-30 1983-05-18 Kabushiki Kaisha Meidensha Moniteur de vide pour interrupteur à vide et son utilisation
EP1041593A2 (fr) * 1999-04-01 2000-10-04 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Appareillage de commutation et ensemble d'interrupteurs de puissance
JP2005108766A (ja) * 2003-10-01 2005-04-21 Nissin Electric Co Ltd ２点切り真空遮断器

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4148024A (en) * 1977-03-02 1979-04-03 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Capacitively coupled indicator for a submersible fuse
JPS57148830A (en) 1981-03-11 1982-09-14 Meidensha Electric Mfg Co Ltd Vacuum degree checker for vacuum interrupter
JPS5838424A (ja) * 1981-08-31 1983-03-05 株式会社明電舎 真空しや断器の真空度監視装置
JPS5848319A (ja) * 1981-09-16 1983-03-22 株式会社明電舎 真空しや断装置の真空度監視装置
JPS58106431A (ja) * 1981-12-21 1983-06-24 Meidensha Electric Mfg Co Ltd 真空しや断器の真空度検査装置
JPH0765676A (ja) 1993-08-24 1995-03-10 Meidensha Corp 真空インタラプタの真空度低下検出装置

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0079181A1 (fr) * 1981-10-30 1983-05-18 Kabushiki Kaisha Meidensha Moniteur de vide pour interrupteur à vide et son utilisation
EP1041593A2 (fr) * 1999-04-01 2000-10-04 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Appareillage de commutation et ensemble d'interrupteurs de puissance
JP2005108766A (ja) * 2003-10-01 2005-04-21 Nissin Electric Co Ltd ２点切り真空遮断器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1763049A1 (fr) 2007-03-14
SG131045A1 (en) 2007-04-26
TW200717563A (en) 2007-05-01
CN1933078A (zh) 2007-03-21
CN1933078B (zh) 2010-09-15
TWI313019B (fr) 2009-08-01
JP2007080594A (ja) 2007-03-29
JP4169024B2 (ja) 2008-10-22

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