EP1754078A1 - Proc d de r duction des influences de signaux parasites sur un appareil de mesure à haute fr quence, et appareil de mesure à haute fr quence associ - Google Patents

Proc d de r duction des influences de signaux parasites sur un appareil de mesure à haute fr quence, et appareil de mesure à haute fr quence associ

Info

Publication number
EP1754078A1
EP1754078A1 EP05736044A EP05736044A EP1754078A1 EP 1754078 A1 EP1754078 A1 EP 1754078A1 EP 05736044 A EP05736044 A EP 05736044A EP 05736044 A EP05736044 A EP 05736044A EP 1754078 A1 EP1754078 A1 EP 1754078A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
signal
interference
measurement
analog
measuring device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP05736044A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michael Mahler
Ulli Hoffmann
Reiner Krapf
Christoph Wieland
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1754078A1 publication Critical patent/EP1754078A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/28—Details of pulse systems
    • G01S7/285—Receivers
    • G01S7/292—Extracting wanted echo-signals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/887—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for detection of concealed objects, e.g. contraband or weapons
    • G01S13/888—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for detection of concealed objects, e.g. contraband or weapons through wall detection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/023—Interference mitigation, e.g. reducing or avoiding non-intentional interference with other HF-transmitters, base station transmitters for mobile communication or other radar systems, e.g. using electro-magnetic interference [EMI] reduction techniques
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/023—Interference mitigation, e.g. reducing or avoiding non-intentional interference with other HF-transmitters, base station transmitters for mobile communication or other radar systems, e.g. using electro-magnetic interference [EMI] reduction techniques
    • G01S7/0235—Avoidance by time multiplex
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/40—Means for monitoring or calibrating
    • G01S7/4004—Means for monitoring or calibrating of parts of a radar system
    • G01S7/4017—Means for monitoring or calibrating of parts of a radar system of HF systems

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a method for reducing interference signal influences on a high-frequency measuring device, in particular a method for operating a high-frequency locating device according to the preamble of claim 1, and on a high-frequency measuring device according to the preamble of claim 12.
  • High-frequency measuring devices which operate according to the radar principle, for example, are used to locate objects in walls, ceilings or floors to avoid consequential damage when drilling. Other areas of application of such devices are the localization of structural defects, such as concrete coverings for bridges, air holes in concrete or similar
  • Such devices which can also be designed as capacitive measuring devices, are also used in security technology in the context of room monitoring to control the presence or the exact position or of people. In this way it is possible to locate people through a wall as part of police or military operations.
  • Such measuring devices can be distance measurement by means of high frequency, as is used, for example, in the automotive sector as a parking aid or driver assistance system.
  • high-frequency measuring devices can be used for distance measurement in the construction sector, for example in the interior construction of buildings.
  • Handheld rangefinders are particularly possible for craftsmen.
  • the frequency range in which all these devices are usually operated is between a few hundred megahertz and over 100 gigahertz, that is to say in the microwave range.
  • interference occurs increasingly, for example due to cell phones (GSM, GPRS, UMTS, DECT), wireless networks (WLAN, Bluetooth, wireless DSL) or microwave ovens.
  • GSM Global System for Mobile communications
  • GPRS Global System for Mobile Communications
  • UMTS Universal Mobile Communications
  • DECT wireless networks
  • WLAN Bluetooth
  • wireless DSL microwave ovens
  • DE 10207424 AI discloses a method and a measuring device for locating enclosed objects, in which a detection signal is generated by means of at least one capacitive sensor device, which intervenes in the medium to be examined, so that information is evaluated by evaluating the detection signal, in particular by an impedance measurement can be obtained via objects enclosed in the medium.
  • a detection signal is generated by means of at least one capacitive sensor device, which intervenes in the medium to be examined, so that information is evaluated by evaluating the detection signal, in particular by an impedance measurement can be obtained via objects enclosed in the medium.
  • An inclusion signal conveyed by dielectric inclusions is typically in the sub-picofarad range in the case of plastic pipes, so that these small changes in the capacitance to be measured with an AC voltage applied to the capacitive sensor of, for example, one volt and a measuring frequency of 100 KHz in differences in the displacement current of less as a microampere results.
  • a device-internal reference measurement is used in order to determine the level of external EMC interference, such as that generated by neighboring transmitter systems, for example.
  • EMC interference can later be calculated out of a current measurement signal using the method of DE 10207424 AI.
  • the object on which the invention is based is to avoid incorrect measurements and malfunctions of a high-frequency measuring device by reducing the influence of external interference sources on the high-frequency measuring device.
  • the high-frequency measuring device is supplied with an analog measuring signal detected by a receiving device of the high-frequency measuring device for further signal evaluation of at least one analog-digital converter of an evaluation unit of the measuring device.
  • the sampling rate of the at least one analog / digital converter is varied by the interference signal influences d. H. to reduce the strength of the interference signals also detected with such a high-frequency measuring device as far as possible.
  • sampling rate of an analog-to-digital converter of the evaluation unit of a high-frequency measuring device is fixed, it may be that other radio services that work, for example, in “burst mode” (TDMA method, cell phones, etc.) have a measurement signal from the The high-frequency measuring device overlap or even work synchronously with the receiving and evaluating unit of the high-frequency measuring device and thus falsify its useful signal. A received signal sampled in this way, which can lead to falsifications of the measurement result, can therefore no longer be used without restriction.
  • the sampling rate of an analog-to-digital converter of an evaluation unit for the measurement signal ie for the useful signal
  • the sampling rate of an analog-to-digital converter of an evaluation unit for the measurement signal can be changed in accordance with the method according to the invention, and it can be measured in each case whether the interference influence on the useful signal, ie reduced to the location measurement.
  • the method according to the invention thus eliminates the interference-emitted interference signal effects by adapting the sampling rate (sampling rate) of a receiving device of a high-frequency measuring device in such a way that, in the case of analog-digital conversion, measurements are only made between the pulses of the external interference or interference sources.
  • the sampling rate of the at least one analog / digital converter is advantageously changed if the interference signal measurement value correlated with the interference signals exceeds a threshold value. Based on the strength of the interference signals, it can be decided whether a measurement with the high-frequency measuring device is useful or is possible at all or not. If the interference signal measured value is clearly above the threshold value, the sampling rate of the analog-digital converter is changed and a new measurement can be carried out.
  • the measurement of the interference signals with a changed sampling rate is repeated if the measured value correlated with the interference signals exceeds a predeterminable threshold value.
  • This threshold value can be, for example, the intrinsic noise of the receiving unit or a variable correlated with this intrinsic noise.
  • the measurement of the interference signals can therefore be repeated with a changed sampling rate until either one
  • Sampling rate has determined its associated interference signal level, ie the corresponding interference signal measurement value, is below the predefinable threshold or, if this should not be possible, the sampling rate has been determined which has the lowest interference signal level, i.e. has the lowest interference signal measured value. It is advantageous to start with the measurement of the interference signal level with the maximum possible sampling rate of the analog-digital converter and then to gradually lower the sampling rate, since reduced sampling rates cause an extended measuring duration or a reduced resolution of the measuring signal.
  • the interference signal level ie when determining the interference signal measured value, one can either refer to certain of the interference signal or the amplitudes of the individual interference signals are also added up over the entire bandwidth of the receiving device.
  • the entire frequency spectrum is advantageously used for analysis so that, for example, future sources of interference that would transmit in frequency bands that are not yet occupied are also taken into account.
  • the frequency spectrum obtained during the interference signal measurement is evaluated and an interference signal level is quantified.
  • the frequency spectrum can be integrated, for example, and the interference signal measurement value thus obtained can then be compared with a predetermined threshold, for example the intrinsic noise of the receiving device.
  • a corresponding measurement can be carried out to reduce the influence of the interference signals detected with the high-frequency measuring device. Based on the strength of the interference signals, i.e. H. the interference signal measured value can then be used to decide whether a measurement is possible or not.
  • the method according to the invention is used in particular to operate a high-frequency measuring device, in particular a hand-held measuring device for locating objects.
  • a measuring device accordingly has at least one analog-digital converter for a measuring signal received by a receiving device of the device, which is sampled for further signal processing.
  • the sampling rate of the at least one analog-to-digital converter is variably adjustable.
  • Converter is controlled by a microcontroller. For example, a routine can be started automatically or manually each time such a device is switched on, which detects the current interference signal level and optimizes the sampling rate in the manner described in order to reduce the interference signal influences on the high-frequency measuring device.
  • the measuring frequency or the measuring frequencies of such a high-frequency measuring device lie in an interval from 0.1 GHz to 10 GHz, in particular frequencies from 1 GHz to 5 GHz and preferably frequencies in a frequency band from 1.5 GHz to 3.5 GHz are used.
  • Such high frequencies make it possible, for example
  • Locating device to detect even the smallest material differences, which can be used advantageously in the detection of objects enclosed in a medium.
  • the method according to the invention or a high-frequency measuring device operating according to the method according to the invention reduces the influence of pulses emitted by pulses
  • Interference signals by adjusting the sampling rate of the receiving device in such a way that, if possible, the interference is measured only between the interference pulses.
  • the sampling rate is varied in such a way that a minimum of interference radiation can be found in the digital output data of the receiving unit, or the interference signal influence is completely eliminated
  • FIG. 1 shows, as an example of a measuring device according to the invention, the basic structure of a high-frequency locating device in which a high-frequency generator emits pulses in the gigahertz range (microwaves, radar), which are wholly or partly reflected at interfaces, and by a receiver of the measuring device as a pulse response be registered and evaluated again.
  • a high-frequency generator emits pulses in the gigahertz range (microwaves, radar), which are wholly or partly reflected at interfaces, and by a receiver of the measuring device as a pulse response be registered and evaluated again.
  • a pulse generator 12 controlled by a time base 10 generates in a transmission unit 19 of the measuring device according to FIG. 1 a short, spectrally wide voltage pulse which is coupled into an antenna arrangement 14 of the transmission unit via a wave coupler (not shown in more detail).
  • the antenna 14 emits the corresponding electromagnetic radiation 16, which is partially reflected at interfaces which are in the vicinity of the transmitter unit 19.
  • the high-frequency locating device is brought into the vicinity of a medium, for example a wall 18, then there are reflections on the surface 17 of the wall
  • a measuring signal 22 reflected in this way is in turn detected by the measuring device via a receiving device 23, which also includes a receiving antenna 24.
  • the receiver receives from the antenna 14 and possibly existing couplers, filters or amplifiers of the receiving unit 23, which are shown schematically in FIG.
  • Assembly 26 are summarized, an analog signal 30, which is sampled in at least one analog-to-digital converter 28 of the measuring device.
  • sampling or sampling rate The speed at which such a sampling takes place is called the sampling or sampling rate.
  • a sampling rate of, for example, 25 KHz corresponds to 25000 Readings per second.
  • the “sampling” in the analog-digital converter 28, that is to say the conversion of the analog arriving signals 30 into digital output signals 32, can be significantly slower than the basic clock (for example 8 MHz) of the transmitting 19 or receiving device 23 specified by the time base 10 During this time, for example, data for noise suppression can be averaged until the analog-digital converter digitizes this data.
  • the returning measurement signals 30 detected by the receiving antenna 24 are first amplified in a high-frequency amplifier of the unit 26 of the receiving device 23 of the measuring device.
  • the voltage signals of the measurement signal 30 are then sampled at defined times.
  • the points in time at which the voltage is measured are specified by a sampling pulse. Since the voltage signal is evaluated both in magnitude and in phase and thus a determination of the phase of the reflected voltage relative to the phase of the voltage generated by the pulse generator is carried out, it is important that the generator 16 of the transmission signal and the generator of the scanning pulses for the analog Digital converters 28 are phase-locked. This is ensured by using the time base 10
  • the now digitized measurement signal 32 is passed on to a digital signal processor, which is no longer shown in FIG. 1, for further signal processing and evaluation.
  • This digital signal processor takes on both further signal processing and control of the time base 10 for generating both the excitation pulse and the sampling pulse.
  • sampling rate on the receiving side were fixed or predefined, it could happen with a high-frequency locating device that other radio services, such as cell phones that work in “burst mode”, overlap in time with the sampled measurement signals or even synchronously with them A received signal 30 sampled in this way would therefore no longer be usable since it would lead to falsifications of the measurement result.
  • the method according to the invention now eliminates the influence of pulsed emitted interference on the measurement signal by adapting the sampling rate of the receiving end so that it is only measured between the pulses of the external interferers, i.e. the analog to digital conversion is carried out,
  • the transmitter or the transmitting device 19 of the high-frequency measuring device is switched off, for example, before the start of an actual location measurement.
  • only external interference signals are received by the receiving device 23. If you now measure the external interference radiation before the useful measurement, information can be obtained about the presence and the strength of the interference frequencies. If this information indicates that a source of interference exists, the method according to the invention is used
  • Sampling rate of the analog-digital converter 28 changed and measured whether the interference is reduced.
  • the sampling rate for the analog-digital converter 28 can be varied until a minimum of the interference radiation can be found in the digital output data 32 of the receiving device or until the interference is reduced below a predefinable threshold.
  • the entire frequency spectrum of the interference signals is advantageously used for analysis. This has the advantage that interference sources that still occur in the future, in frequency bands that are not yet occupied, can also be taken into account.
  • the frequency spectrum of the interference radiation detected in this way can also be integrated, for example, in order to obtain a value for the interference signal level.
  • This interference signal measured value can then be compared in a routine, for example a digital signal processor, with a predetermined threshold, for example the intrinsic noise of the receiving device. Based on the strength of the
  • Interference signals ie on the basis of the interference signal measurement value determined in this way, a measurement routine can then decide whether a measurement is sensible, possible or nonsensical. If, for example, the interference signal measured value is clearly above the defined threshold, the sampling rate of the analog-digital converter is changed by an automatic routine and a new measurement of the interference signal level is carried out. This can be carried out once or more often until either a sampling rate for the analog-digital converter has been found, the associated interference signal measured value of which is below the specified value
  • sampling rate of the analog-digital converter can advantageously be taken over by a microcontroller 34.
  • the transmitting device 19 of the measuring device according to the invention can be reactivated, so that, for example, a location measurement by sending a pulse 16 via the antenna 14 and Detection of the returning measurement signal 22 can be carried out with the aid of the receiving antenna 24.
  • the method according to the invention can be provided that it runs automatically after the corresponding high-frequency measuring device is switched on, in order to set the measuring device immediately to the optimal sampling rate of the analog-digital conversion, which leads to the best possible reduction of the current interference signal influences Optimization of the sampling rate to reduce the interference signal influences can also be activated manually, for example, as part of a calibration measurement by the user of such a measuring device.
  • a method can be provided which adapts the sampling rate for the analog-digital conversion of a high-frequency measuring device during the actual measuring process. This means that none before the actual measurement, for example the location of an object enclosed in a medium separate interference signal measurement is carried out, but work is carried out directly with the transmitting device and the receiving device activated. During the location measurement, the sampling rate of the analog-to-digital conversion is successively reduced, for example, starting from the maximum possible sampling rate, and the sampling rate which is selected to the best is selected by a digital signal processor
  • Measurement result, d. H. leads to the best useful signal. If, for example, a pattern recognition method is used as part of a location measurement, a criterion for the provision of good measurement results can be set up in a simple manner.
  • pulsed interference sources can be effectively suppressed or their effect on the measurement result of high-frequency measuring devices can be minimized.
  • Continuously radiating sources of interference can be effectively suppressed by means of the signal processing of the measuring device.
  • noise sources with their noise-like signal cause a signal level increase, so that components in the receiving device, such as an amplifier or the A / D converter, can be overridden.
  • a variably adjustable resistor can be inserted before the amplifier, the A / D converter or other components serving to evaluate the measurement signal, as indicated in FIG. 1 with the component 34.
  • This component can be, for example, a VCR element (voltage controlled resistor) or a DCA element (digitally controlled amplify).
  • the regulation of the VCR element or the DCA element can then be controlled using the above-described method for determining and mmmizing the interference signal measured value, in that the measuring device determines the interference signals at different sampling rates of at least one analog-digital converter. In this way, the measurement signals are always sampled undistorted.
  • high-frequency measuring devices can deliver optimized and largely unadulterated measurement results.
  • control loops in the case of non-compensatable sources of interference, provide reliable protection against incorrect measurements, since they allow a user of a warn such measuring device, for example, of malfunctions and may not allow measurement by means of an automatic circuit.
  • the method according to the invention and the measuring device according to the invention are not limited to the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the method is not limited to the variation of the sampling rate of only one analog-to-digital converter.
  • a plurality of converters can also be operated in a corresponding manner.
  • the method according to the invention and the corresponding measuring device are not limited to measurements for locating objects enclosed in a medium.
  • the method according to the invention can be used in any high-frequency measuring device.
  • such devices in addition to the high-frequency measuring devices for location, such devices also include devices for room and person monitoring or devices for
  • Another area of application for the method according to the invention is distance measurement by means of radio frequency, which is used, for example, in the automotive sector as a parking aid or driver assistance system or for mobile distance measurement in the construction industry.
  • the frequency range in which these devices usually work is in the

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé de réduction des influences de signaux parasites sur un appareil de mesure à haute fréquence, en particulier procédé permettant de faire fonctionner un appareil de localisation à haute fréquence. Selon ledit procédé, un signal de mesure analogique (22) détecté par un dispositif récepteur (23) de l'appareil de mesure à haute fréquence est transmis à au moins un convertisseur analogique / numérique (28) d'une unité d'évaluation du signal de mesure. Selon la présente invention, la fréquence d'exploration du convertisseur analogique / numérique (28) est modifiée en fonction d'une valeur de mesure du signal parasite corrélée avec les signaux parasites.
EP05736044A 2004-05-28 2005-04-19 Proc d de r duction des influences de signaux parasites sur un appareil de mesure à haute fr quence, et appareil de mesure à haute fr quence associ Ceased EP1754078A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004026182A DE102004026182A1 (de) 2004-05-28 2004-05-28 Verfahren zur Reduzierung von Störsignaleinflüssen auf ein Hochfrequenzmessgerät, sowie Hochfrequenzmessgerät
PCT/EP2005/051707 WO2005116683A1 (fr) 2004-05-28 2005-04-19 Procédé de réduction des influences de signaux parasites sur un appareil de mesure à haute fréquence, et appareil de mesure à haute fréquence associé

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1754078A1 true EP1754078A1 (fr) 2007-02-21

Family

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EP05736044A Ceased EP1754078A1 (fr) 2004-05-28 2005-04-19 Proc d de r duction des influences de signaux parasites sur un appareil de mesure à haute fr quence, et appareil de mesure à haute fr quence associ

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US7724175B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1754078A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5215660B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102004026182A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005116683A1 (fr)

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DE102004026182A1 (de) 2005-12-22
US7724175B2 (en) 2010-05-25
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US20090015459A1 (en) 2009-01-15
WO2005116683A1 (fr) 2005-12-08

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