EP1744966B1 - Pallet - Google Patents

Pallet Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1744966B1
EP1744966B1 EP05735140A EP05735140A EP1744966B1 EP 1744966 B1 EP1744966 B1 EP 1744966B1 EP 05735140 A EP05735140 A EP 05735140A EP 05735140 A EP05735140 A EP 05735140A EP 1744966 B1 EP1744966 B1 EP 1744966B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pallet
support element
partly
envelope surface
support
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP05735140A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1744966A1 (de
Inventor
Peter Hartwall
Olivier Orset
Nicolas Sourdais
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Arca Systems International AB
Original Assignee
Arca Systems International AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Arca Systems International AB filed Critical Arca Systems International AB
Publication of EP1744966A1 publication Critical patent/EP1744966A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1744966B1 publication Critical patent/EP1744966B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D19/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D19/0004—Rigid pallets without side walls
    • B65D19/0006—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of a single element
    • B65D19/0008—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of a single element forming a continuous plane contact surface
    • B65D19/002—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of a single element forming a continuous plane contact surface the base surface being made of more than one element
    • B65D19/0024—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of a single element forming a continuous plane contact surface the base surface being made of more than one element forming discontinuous or non-planar contact surfaces
    • B65D19/0026—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of a single element forming a continuous plane contact surface the base surface being made of more than one element forming discontinuous or non-planar contact surfaces and each contact surface having a stringer-like shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00009—Materials
    • B65D2519/00014—Materials for the load supporting surface
    • B65D2519/00034—Plastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00009—Materials
    • B65D2519/00049—Materials for the base surface
    • B65D2519/00069—Plastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00009—Materials
    • B65D2519/00119—Materials for the construction of the reinforcements
    • B65D2519/00139—Plastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
    • B65D2519/00263—Overall construction of the pallet
    • B65D2519/00273—Overall construction of the pallet made of more than one piece
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
    • B65D2519/00283—Overall construction of the load supporting surface
    • B65D2519/00288—Overall construction of the load supporting surface made of one piece
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
    • B65D2519/00313—Overall construction of the base surface
    • B65D2519/00323—Overall construction of the base surface made of more than one piece
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
    • B65D2519/00313—Overall construction of the base surface
    • B65D2519/00328—Overall construction of the base surface shape of the contact surface of the base
    • B65D2519/00333—Overall construction of the base surface shape of the contact surface of the base contact surface having a stringer-like shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
    • B65D2519/00398—Overall construction reinforcements
    • B65D2519/00432—Non-integral, e.g. inserts
    • B65D2519/00442—Non-integral, e.g. inserts on the base surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00547—Connections
    • B65D2519/00552—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer
    • B65D2519/00557—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer without separate auxiliary elements
    • B65D2519/00562—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer without separate auxiliary elements chemical connection, e.g. glued, welded, sealed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00547—Connections
    • B65D2519/00552—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer
    • B65D2519/00557—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer without separate auxiliary elements
    • B65D2519/00567—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer without separate auxiliary elements mechanical connection, e.g. snap-fitted
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00547—Connections
    • B65D2519/00552—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer
    • B65D2519/00572—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer with separate auxiliary element, e.g. screws, nails, bayonets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00736—Details
    • B65D2519/00935—Details with special means for nesting or stacking
    • B65D2519/00955—Details with special means for nesting or stacking stackable
    • B65D2519/0096—Details with special means for nesting or stacking stackable when empty

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pallet/container to be handled by fork trucks according to the preamble of claim 1 and support means to be used in the pallet according to the preamble of claim 5.
  • US 4 316 419 A1 discloses a pallet with an upper loading surface, blocks, a reinforcing channel and a detachable reinforcing member, which reinforcing member abuts the outer edge of the pallet completely within the reinforcing channel.
  • US 2002/0112653 A1 discloses a pallet of plastic with an upper deck, a lower frame member and a support material in inner cavities, which support material is located completely within the upper deck.
  • Pallets or containers with skids for supporting, storing and transporting items or goods have two main functions.
  • the skids create a distance between the underside of the pallet and the ground or floor so that pallet/piler or fork trucks can introduce their forks in the clearance between the pallet and the ground and then lift the pallets with goods on the pallet loading deck and the pallet as a whole support, hold and protect the goods when lifted and transported by fork trucks.
  • Such pallets are often cast moulded in plastic with mainly hollow body parts, e.g. sandwich constructions, for minimizing the transport weight and the consumption of plastic.
  • Plastic pallets are often manufactured by welding a mainly hollow base or support member with detachable mainly hollow skids forming the floor or ground engaging lower pallet part onto an upper mainly hollow member forming the load engaging upper pallet part.
  • Prior art pallets also have a disadvantage in that heavy loads in the vertical direction, especially when stacking pallets with heavy loads on top of each other, may break the pallet, e.g. the bottom pallet in a stack, due to the high buckling load/strain causing shell buckling in the lateral direction for the thin shells in the envelope surface of the weight optimized pallet.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a solution to the above mentioned problems by presenting an improved pallet with means for making the pallet more durable against impacts when handled by fork trucks and with a higher stability/durability against heavy loads in the vertical direction for reducing the risk of breaking, collapsing and/or buckling the pallet while, at the same time, minimizing the weight of the pallet, and to facilitate clipping and dismantling of the pallet, for example of pallet skids.
  • This pallet has a good ability to withstand heavier loads in the vertical direction by the support element bearing against the inside of the pallet envelope surface before collapsing and it has an increased durability against vertical and lateral loads and therefore an increased useful life.
  • the support element reinforces the lateral feets of the pallet giving them a high resistance against lateral collisions/impacts from fork trucks, especially the forks, and also give the feet and associated pallet parts a good ability to withstand heavy loads in the vertical direction by the support against the inside of the associated thin envelope surface before collapsing/buckling.
  • the loose separate insertable support elements can be located or used optionally only where they are required, in most cases, in the feet and the corner areas of the pallet, and only in pallets that have to be reinforced, e.g. in heavy load applications. The clipping and dismantling of the skid is also easier to perform.
  • a support element in the form of a foam plastic, rubber, wood or light metal insert or thin elastic projections in the form of tongues and/or flanges with a spring function and a dampening effect of collision energy only marginally increase the weight of the pallet.
  • Figs 1-9 illustrate a pallet or container 10 according to the invention to be handled by a fork truck (not shown).
  • the pallet 10 comprises an upper part 20 in the form of a loading deck with short side walls (the load deck may also be totally flat without side walls), a first bottom part 30 in the form of a base for attachment against the upper load deck part 20, this attachment can be achieved by welding, detachable snap fittings or the like, a second bottom part 40 in the form of a skid that is releasably attached to the pallet by known snap fittings, and at least one inner support member or element 50 shown with dashed lines or shadowed inside the upper load deck part 20 as projections, flanges or tongues, e.g rolled in a helix shape, in this embodiment.
  • the pallet 10 is cast moulded in plastic and has therefore an essentially hollow body, i.e. its parts 20, 30, 40 also being essentially hollow, with an inner sandwich structure/construction with at least some vertical edges having the same function as the support elements 50, this being known engineering for a skilled person.
  • the detachable skid 40 creates a distance or clearance between the pallet and the ground, so that a fork truck can introduce its forks therebetween and lift and lower the pallet as desired, as readily understood by a skilled person.
  • the support member 50 has a shape fitting at least partly into cavities 20a, 30a, 40a at the inside of the lower peripheral areas, i.e. the outer envelope surfaces 20b, 30b, 40b, e.g. the corner areas, pallet feet 60 and the intermediate areas between the pallet corners as shown in figs 1 and 6-11 , adjoining the upper pallet part 20, the lower pallet part 30 and the skid 40, which areas 20b, 30b, 40b face and are exposed to the forks of the fork truck.
  • the outer envelope surfaces 20b, 30b, 40b e.g. the corner areas, pallet feet 60 and the intermediate areas between the pallet corners as shown in figs 1 and 6-11 , adjoining the upper pallet part 20, the lower pallet part 30 and the skid 40, which areas 20b, 30b, 40b face and are exposed to the forks of the fork truck.
  • One or more support element 50 for each pallet 10 reinforces and supports at least one of the pallet parts 20, 30, 40 and/or parts of and/or the whole lower outer pallet envelope surfaces 20b, 30b, 40b from the pallet interior 20a, 30a, 40a, so that the forks from a fork lift truck bumping into/colliding with the pallet during handling will not break the associated parts of the outer lower surface of the upper pallet part 20, the lower pallet part 30, or the skid 40 so easily as the support element 50 on the inside of the associated pallet part partly or wholly absorbs the shock energy from the truck forks.
  • the support element 50 also abut at least a part of the inside of the envelope or shell surface 20b, 30b, 4b on at least one of the pallet parts 20, 30, 40 for supporting the pallet so that loads/strain from goods or other pallets stacked upon each other in the vertical direction of the pallet shell surfaces do not break or buckle the shell surfaces 20b, 30b, 40b and the pallet 10.
  • the support element 50 is shown with two different heights in broken lines so that it is easily understood that this support element may extend through all three pallet parts 20, 30, 40 or be inserted for supporting only one pallet part with a shorter support element length or supporting two pallet parts with a somewhat longer support element length.
  • the support element 50 is preferably formed in e.g. foam plastic, rubber, wood or light metal or has a shape similar to a protruding edge rolled as a helix shape that acts as a inner spring or tongue abutting against the inside of the pallet envelope surface and at least partly fills out the associated cavity 20a, 30a, 40a and at least partly bears against/abut the inside of at least a part of the outer pallet envelope surface 20b, 30b, 40b.
  • the upper part 20 and the lower part 30 may be separately cast-moulded or the lower part be snap fitted into the upper part after the support member 50 is inserted into an inner cavity 20a, 30a in the upper pallet part 20 or the lower pallet part 30, this is clearly seen in figs 1-4 and 6 .
  • the upper pallet part 20 and the lower pallet part 30 are assembled together and interact when holding the support member 50 in place at least partly inside the pallet 10.
  • the skid 40 are releasably attached to the underside of the pallet, i.e. the lower pallet part 30 by means of projections, e.g. snap means (not shown) on the underside of the pallet fitting into holes, cavities, or recesses 40a on the skid 40 or vice versa.
  • the support member 50 has one upper end or section 50a at least partly inside the pallet 10, in one embodiment fully inside the cavities 20a, 30a, 40a, or in other embodiments at least partly inside the upper pallet part 20 or the lower pallet part 30 or in yet another embodiment at least partly inside both the upper pallet part and the lower pallet part when assembled together, and one lower/bottom end or section 50b at least partly inside the pallet 10, in one embodiment fully inside the cavities 20a, 30a, 40a, or in other embodiments at least partly inside the upper pallet part 20 or the lower pallet part 30 or in yet another embodiment at least partly inside both the upper pallet part and the lower pallet part when assembled together, protruding at least partly out of openings in the underside of the pallet in one embodiment, i.e. the lower pallet part 30, downwards as shown in fig 7 . All of these embodiments are shown in fig 5 .
  • the lower support member section 50b may releasably hold the skid 40, i.e. the second lower pallet part 40 against the pallet parts 20 and 30 by being provided with bevelled/chamfered projections, barbs, or hooks 51 so that when the bottom section 50b with its projections 51 is inserted into the cavity 40a in the skid 40 (shown in fig 8 ) with corresponding recesses or openings 41 for receiving the projections, the projections 51 slide into the skid recesses 41 when the support member end 50b abut or bottoms against the skid 40 (shown in fig 9 ).
  • the support element 50 is held by means of a form grip in that the joined upper pallet part 20 and the lower pallet part 30 surround the support element after being welded together but may instead be held in place by adhesive/glue, shrinkage fit or by screws, rivets or nails.
  • a number of support elements 50 are located intermittently around the inside of the envelope surface 20b, 30b, 40b for the pallet 10 but may of course be one continuous support element 50 with a certain height or width similar to an inner encompassing flange.
  • the number of support elements 50 for each pallet 10 depends on the size of the pallet, how many cavities there are in the pallet, the loads on the pallet, and if the handling of the pallet is more or less rough.
  • Fig 5 shows nine different embodiments of the support element 50 according to the invention.
  • the upper left view in fig 5 shows the support element with tongues 52 protruding upwards for insertion in the pallet and the view just below it shows the support element with tongues protruding downwards.
  • These two support elements could be combined into one element with top and bottom tongues protruding in different/opposite directions.
  • These tongues abut against the inside of the associated envelope surface 20b, 30b, 40b when inserted in a pallet 10.
  • the tongues 52 could also be integrated in one or more of the pallet parts 20, 30, 40 instead of being separate elements for insertion into the pallet.
  • the upper right view in fig 5 shows the support element with two different heights, one small height shown with solid lines and one larger height shown with dashed lines.
  • the height is adapted to the size of the cavity 20a, 30a, 40a and the pallet 10 to be fitted into.
  • the view just below the upper right view in fig 5 shows a T-shaped support element 50 that has at least one section, either the upper section 50a or the lower section 50b at least partly protruding out of the pallet when inserted into anyone of the pallet parts 20, 30, or 40 for fitting into any other pallet part 20, 30, or 40.
  • This support element 50 is a combination of two other support elements shown in the views to the left of this one.
  • the two bottom views in fig 5 are examples of support elements 50 having one thicker section 50a or 50b and one thinner section 50a or 50b, wherein the main function of the thicker section is to support a larger inside area of the associated pallet part 20, 30, or 40 and the main function of the thinner section is to be held in place in any pallet part 20, 30, or 40 but also to support a smaller inside area of this pallet part 20, 30, or 40.
  • the support means 50 By integrating or inserting the novel support means 50 in one pallet part, e.g. the lower pallet part 30, 40 and introducing this pallet part into the upper pallet part 20, the support means fits into the cavity 20a in the upper part and its shell surface or volume and the shell/envelope surface 20b of the upper pallet part contribute/work together and enhance the durability of the pallet 10 compared to prior pallets having only stiff and non-yieldable thin ribs with a small support surface.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pallets (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Palette (10), die durch Gabelstapler gehandhabt werden soll und die mindestens Folgendes umfasst: einen oberen Ladeflächenteil (20), mindestens einen unteren Teil (30, 40) zum Stützen des oberen Ladeflächenteils in einem Abstand vom Boden, so dass die Unterseite des oberen Ladeflächenteils für Staplergabeln zugänglich ist, mindestens einen Hohlraum (20a, 30a, 40a) in mindestens einem der Palettenteile (20, 30, 40), und mindestens ein Stützelement (50), das in mindestens einem der Palettenteile (20, 30, 40) mindestens teilweise im Inneren des Hohlraums (20a, 30a, 40a) an äußeren Sektionen der Palette angeordnet ist, die mindestens teilweise an mindestens eine Palettenmantelfläche (20b, 30b, 40b) angrenzen, die den Staplergabeln zugewandt ist, um mindestens einen Teil dieser Mantelfläche zu stützen,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Stützelement (50) eine untere Sektion (50b) umfasst, wobei die untere Sektion mindestens teilweise aus dem oberen Palettenteil (20, 30) heraus und in den unteren Palettenteil (30, 40) hinein ragt, um den unteren Palettenteil lösbar zu befestigen.
  2. Palette (10) nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Stützelement (50) dafür geeignet ist, mindestens teilweise an mindestens einem Teil der Innenseite (20a, 30a, 40a) der den Staplergabeln zugewandten Mantelfläche (20b, 30b, 40b) anzuliegen.
  3. Palette (10) nach Anspruch 2, wobei das Stützelement (50) dafür geeignet ist, mindestens teilweise an mindestens einem Teil der Innenseite (20a, 30a, 40a) der den Staplergabeln zugewandten Mantelfläche (20b, 30b, 40b) sowohl an dem oberen als auch an dem unteren Palettenteil (20, 30, 40) anzuliegen.
  4. Palette (10) nach Anspruch 3, wobei das Stützelement (50) eine obere Sektion (50a) umfasst, wobei die obere Sektion mindestens teilweise im Inneren des oberen Palettenteils (20, 30) angeordnet und befestigt ist.
  5. Stützmittel (50) zur Verwendung in einer Palette (10), die durch Gabelstapler gehandhabt wird, wobei die Palette mindestens einen Hohlraum (20a, 30a, 40a) umfasst, wobei das Stützmittel (50) mindestens ein Stützelement ist, das mindestens teilweise im Inneren des Hohlraums (20a, 30a, 40a) an äußeren Palettensektionen angeordnet ist, die mindestens teilweise an mindestens eine Palettenmantelfläche (20b, 30b, 40b) angrenzen, die den Staplergabeln zugewandt ist, um mindestens einen Teil dieser Mantelfläche zu stützen,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Stützelement (50) mindestens eine untere Sektion (50b) umfasst, wobei die untere Sektion mindestens teilweise aus dem oberen Palettenteil (20, 30) heraus und in den unteren Palettenteil (30, 40) hinein ragt, um den unteren Palettenteil lösbar zu befestigen.
  6. Stützmittel (50) nach Anspruch 5, wobei das Stützelement (50) dafür geeignet ist, mindestens teilweise an mindestens einem Teil der Innenseite (20a, 30a, 40a) der den Staplergabeln zugewandten Mantelfläche (20b, 30b, 40b) anzuliegen.
  7. Stützmittel (50) nach Anspruch 6, wobei das Stützelement (50) dafür geeignet ist, mindestens teilweise an mindestens einem Teil der Innenseite (20a, 30a, 40a) der den Staplergabeln zugewandten Mantelfläche (20b, 30b, 40b) sowohl an einem oberen als auch an einem unteren Teil (20, 30, 40) der Palette (10) anzuliegen.
  8. Stützmittel (50) nach Anspruch 7, wobei das Stützelement (50) mindestens eine obere Sektion (50a) umfasst, wobei die obere Sektion mindestens teilweise im Inneren des oberen Palettenteils (20, 30) angeordnet und befestigt ist.
  9. Stützmittel (50) nach einem der Ansprüche 5-8, wobei das Stützelement (50) elastisch ist und an mindestens einem Teil der Innenseite (20a, 30a, 40a) der zugehörigen Mantelfläche (20b, 30b, 40b) anliegt.
  10. Stützmittel (50) nach Anspruch 9, wobei das Stützelement (50) ein Einsatz aus geschäumtem Kunststoff in der Palette (10) ist, der an mindestens einem Teil der Innenseite (20a, 30a, 40a) der zugehörigen Mantelfläche (20b, 30b, 40b) anliegt.
  11. Stützmittel (50) nach Anspruch 9, wobei das Stützelement (50) ein Einsatz aus Gummi in der Palette (10) ist, der an mindestens einem Teil der Innenseite (20a, 30a, 40a) der zugehörigen Mantelfläche (20b, 30b, 40b) anliegt.
  12. Stützmittel (50) nach einem der Ansprüche 5-8 in Form mindestens einer Federvorrichtung, die an mindestens einem Teil der Innenseite (20a, 30a, 40a) der zugehörigen Mantelfläche (20b, 30b, 40b) anliegt.
  13. Stützmittel (50) nach einem der Ansprüche 5-8, wobei das Stützelement (50) ein Einsatz aus Holz in der Palette (10) ist, der an mindestens einem Teil der Innenseite (20a, 30a, 40a) der zugehörigen Mantelfläche (20b, 30b, 40b) anliegt.
  14. Stützmittel (50) nach einem der Ansprüche 5-8, wobei das Stützelement (50) ein Einsatz aus Leichtmetall in der Palette (10) ist, der an mindestens einem Teil der Innenseite (20a, 30a, 40a) der zugehörigen Mantelfläche (20b, 30b, 40b) anliegt.
EP05735140A 2004-04-23 2005-04-22 Pallet Not-in-force EP1744966B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE0401081A SE527343C3 (sv) 2004-04-23 2004-04-23 Lastpall av plast samt löstagbart stödelement för förstärkning av lastpall
PCT/SE2005/000585 WO2005102853A1 (en) 2004-04-23 2005-04-22 Foam block

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1744966A1 EP1744966A1 (de) 2007-01-24
EP1744966B1 true EP1744966B1 (de) 2008-12-17

Family

ID=32322681

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05735140A Not-in-force EP1744966B1 (de) 2004-04-23 2005-04-22 Pallet

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1744966B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE417790T1 (de)
DE (1) DE602005011787D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2317222T3 (de)
SE (1) SE527343C3 (de)
WO (1) WO2005102853A1 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3599184A1 (de) * 2018-07-25 2020-01-29 Paxxal Inc. Rotationsgeformte palette
US10589897B1 (en) 2017-08-11 2020-03-17 Paxxal Inc. Roto molded pallet
US11440701B2 (en) 2018-07-25 2022-09-13 Paxxal Inc. Structural block assembly

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE1022550B1 (fr) * 2014-04-09 2016-05-30 Ribawood Sa Palette a structure allegee et connecteur de plateau-patin pour ladite palette muni de moyens d'extraction facile
WO2018218109A1 (en) * 2017-05-26 2018-11-29 Integrated Composite Products, Inc. Composite pallet
BR112020000753A2 (pt) 2017-12-06 2020-07-14 Plásticos Técnicos Mexicanos, S.A. De C.V. pallets que possuem colunas resistentes a impactos
US11001412B2 (en) 2018-09-19 2021-05-11 Integrated Composite Products, Inc. Composite pallet

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1571190A (en) 1975-12-09 1980-07-09 Wavin Bv Pallets
GB2115382B (en) * 1982-01-27 1985-05-30 Masternet Ltd Moulded containers
US4714026A (en) * 1985-04-17 1987-12-22 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushi Kaisha Pallet for material handling
EP0878405A1 (de) * 1997-05-13 1998-11-18 VIESSMANN GmbH & Co Palette
US6250234B1 (en) * 1998-07-01 2001-06-26 Rehrig Pacific Company Method of reinforcing a plastic pallet
EP1358112A1 (de) 2000-08-24 2003-11-05 Infiltrator Systems, Inc. Plastikpalettenanordnung

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10589897B1 (en) 2017-08-11 2020-03-17 Paxxal Inc. Roto molded pallet
EP3599184A1 (de) * 2018-07-25 2020-01-29 Paxxal Inc. Rotationsgeformte palette
US11440701B2 (en) 2018-07-25 2022-09-13 Paxxal Inc. Structural block assembly
US11560256B2 (en) 2018-07-25 2023-01-24 Paxxal Inc. Roto molded pallet

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE602005011787D1 (en) 2009-01-29
ATE417790T1 (de) 2009-01-15
WO2005102853A1 (en) 2005-11-03
SE0401081D0 (sv) 2004-04-23
SE0401081L (sv) 2005-10-24
EP1744966A1 (de) 2007-01-24
SE527343C3 (sv) 2006-03-28
ES2317222T3 (es) 2009-04-16
SE527343C2 (sv) 2006-02-14

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CA2628469C (en) Nestable pallet
EP1744966B1 (de) Pallet
US7163122B2 (en) Container
US7987798B2 (en) Pallet members
US5918744A (en) Shipping container system and method of constructing the same
US8291839B2 (en) Pallet with alignment features
US20110132801A1 (en) Container
US6418861B1 (en) Modular pallet construction
US6805254B2 (en) Collapsible container
US7475526B2 (en) Knock-down crate with walls stored in base and method employing such a crate
HU210624B (en) Plastic pallet
KR200399805Y1 (ko) 절첩과 분리가 가능한 파레트
EP1719711B1 (de) Zerlegbarer Behälter
EP2341006A1 (de) Palette für aufnahme und transport von objekten
KR101252180B1 (ko) 조립식 철재 팔레트
KR101610910B1 (ko) 다목적 스틸 팔레트
WO1999006290A1 (en) Transport pallet
US20050000395A1 (en) Pallet support unit
WO2023111833A1 (en) Plastic pallet with shock absorbing means
GB2160494A (en) Improvements in or relating to pallets
JP3201581B2 (ja) スキッドパレット
KR20200145692A (ko) 조립식 운송용 포장박스
AU752153B1 (en) A collapsible insulated freight container
JP3038917U (ja) パレット
JPS63272661A (ja) パレツト

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20061123

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: ORSET, OLIVIER

Inventor name: SOURDAIS, NICOLAS

Inventor name: HARTWALL, PETER

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20070910

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

RTI1 Title (correction)

Free format text: PALETTE

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 602005011787

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 20090129

Kind code of ref document: P

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2317222

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20081217

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20081217

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20081217

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20081217

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20081217

NLV1 Nl: lapsed or annulled due to failure to fulfill the requirements of art. 29p and 29m of the patents act
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20081217

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20081217

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20081217

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090317

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090417

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090317

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090518

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20081217

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20081217

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20081217

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20090918

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20090430

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20090430

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Payment date: 20091027

Year of fee payment: 5

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: AEN

Free format text: WEITERBEHANDLUNG GUTGEHEISSEN

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20090430

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20100308

Year of fee payment: 5

PGRI Patent reinstated in contracting state [announced from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Effective date: 20100311

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090318

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: MM4A

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20100422

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20100430

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20100430

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20090422

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090618

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20110418

Year of fee payment: 7

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20081217

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20110407

Year of fee payment: 7

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20110405

Year of fee payment: 7

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20081217

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20110416

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20120424

Year of fee payment: 8

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MM01

Ref document number: 417790

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20120422

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20120422

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20120422

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20120422

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20120422

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 20130715

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20120423

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20130403

Year of fee payment: 9

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20131231

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20130430

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R119

Ref document number: 602005011787

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R119

Ref document number: 602005011787

Country of ref document: DE

Effective date: 20141101

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20141101