EP1740312B1 - Luftloser spender zur abgabe von geringen flüssigproduktdosen, insbesondere kosmetische oder pharmazeutische produkte - Google Patents
Luftloser spender zur abgabe von geringen flüssigproduktdosen, insbesondere kosmetische oder pharmazeutische produkte Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1740312B1 EP1740312B1 EP05739689A EP05739689A EP1740312B1 EP 1740312 B1 EP1740312 B1 EP 1740312B1 EP 05739689 A EP05739689 A EP 05739689A EP 05739689 A EP05739689 A EP 05739689A EP 1740312 B1 EP1740312 B1 EP 1740312B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- piece
- dispenser according
- wall
- dispenser
- container
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 title description 3
- 239000000825 pharmaceutical preparation Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 229940127557 pharmaceutical product Drugs 0.000 title description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003813 thumb Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
- B05B11/0005—Components or details
- B05B11/0062—Outlet valves actuated by the pressure of the fluid to be sprayed
- B05B11/007—Outlet valves actuated by the pressure of the fluid to be sprayed being opened by deformation of a sealing element made of resiliently deformable material, e.g. flaps, skirts, duck-bill valves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
- B05B1/34—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl
- B05B1/3405—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl
- B05B1/341—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet
- B05B1/3421—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber
- B05B1/3431—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber the channels being formed at the interface of cooperating elements, e.g. by means of grooves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
- B05B11/01—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use characterised by the means producing the flow
- B05B11/04—Deformable containers producing the flow, e.g. squeeze bottles
- B05B11/047—Deformable containers producing the flow, e.g. squeeze bottles characterised by the outlet or venting means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
- B05B11/01—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use characterised by the means producing the flow
- B05B11/04—Deformable containers producing the flow, e.g. squeeze bottles
- B05B11/048—Deformable containers producing the flow, e.g. squeeze bottles characterised by the container, e.g. this latter being surrounded by an enclosure, or the means for deforming it
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
- B05B11/0005—Components or details
- B05B11/0027—Means for neutralising the actuation of the sprayer ; Means for preventing access to the sprayer actuation means
- B05B11/0032—Manually actuated means located downstream the discharge nozzle for closing or covering it, e.g. shutters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
- B05B11/01—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use characterised by the means producing the flow
- B05B11/02—Membranes or pistons acting on the contents inside the container, e.g. follower pistons
- B05B11/026—Membranes separating the content remaining in the container from the atmospheric air to compensate underpressure inside the container
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a dispenser without air intake for the delivery of low doses of liquid products and, in particular, cosmetic or pharmaceutical products as defined in the preamble of claim 1.
- these dispensers In the field of perfumes, these dispensers generally consist of miniature sprayers comprising a reservoir of small capacity (a few milliliters) equipped with a sampling member, such as a precompression pump or a valve which are intended to deliver a sample of produced in vaporized form by manual pressing on a push-button.
- a sampling member such as a precompression pump or a valve which are intended to deliver a sample of produced in vaporized form by manual pressing on a push-button.
- the indexing of the parts together to obtain the correct relative positioning during assembly is at the origin of many malfunctions.
- the proportions of the sampling member are significant relative to the volume of the tank, especially when using a pump, which is detrimental to the consumer who has a reduced dose of product to be tested.
- the object of the invention is to solve these technical problems satisfactorily.
- a distributor characterized in that it comprises a first part comprising a spray nozzle which communicates with a network of channels arranged locally on the wall of a frustoconical internal bore and a second part comprising a deformable reservoir provided with a rigid collar for fixing in the bore of said first part, said collar having, on its outer periphery, an inclined face which delimits, with respect to said network of channels, a swirl chamber and forming, internally with the wall of said first piece, a peripheral exhaust groove delimited radially by a flexible lip forming inlet valve which is carried by said first or said second piece.
- said flange comprises fastening elements cooperating with complementary elements carried by the wall of said bore to ensure the tight assembly of the two parts.
- the flange of said second part has a symmetry of revolution.
- the dispenser comprises an outer skirt, extending downwardly said first piece or being connected to the flange of said second piece to allow the dressing of said tank.
- the skirt is elastically deformable to allow indirect manipulation of said reservoir.
- said skirt has a peripheral groove for attachment to an outer packaging element.
- said first piece has a concave upper face facilitating manual grip.
- said reservoir consists of a flexible pouch shaped bellows.
- the bottom of the tank is provided with an operating knob allowing axial compression.
- the reservoir is provided with an internal boss capable of abutting against the wall of said first piece at the end of dosing.
- the dispenser comprises a removable tongue cap for closing off said nozzle.
- the dispenser of the invention is very compact and consists of only two parts whose structures are simple and easy to produce, for example by molding plastics.
- the actuation mode of this dispenser is particularly ergonomic and offers a precise and metered spraying.
- the dispenser shown in the figures is for spraying low doses of liquid products such as perfume samples or cosmetics.
- the distributor comprises a first part 1 comprising a lateral nozzle 10 which communicates, via a conduit 11, with a network of channels 12 formed locally on the wall of a frustoconical internal bore 13, as shown in section on FIG. Figure 1B.
- the dispenser also comprises a second part 2 comprising a deformable reservoir 21 here in the form of a flexible bag with bellows surmounted by a rigid collar 23 for fixing in the bore 13 of the first part 1.
- the flange 23 is provided with fastening elements 24 cooperating with complementary elements, here in the form of a rod 14, carried by the wall of the bore 13 to provide a tight snap of the piece 1 in the room 2.
- the flange 23 extends on the edge of the opening of the tank 21 by having a symmetry of revolution.
- the flange 23 carries, on its outer periphery, an inclined face 22 delimiting, opposite the network of channels 12, a swirl chamber of the type of that described in the patent application. WO2004 / 089 783 .
- the face 22 comes, by plating, sealingly close the channels of the network 12 after assembly of the two parts 1, 2.
- the flange 23 comprises a wall adjacent to the face 22 which forms with the inner wall of the first part 1, a peripheral groove 25 for the passage of the pressurized product from the reservoir 21 and towards the vortex chamber.
- the groove 25 communicates by sectorial vertical slots 16 with an annular space 17 formed, on either side of the swirl chamber, between the face 22 of the flange 23 and the inner wall of the bore 13 (see FIGS. 3D).
- the groove 25 is delimited radially by a flexible annular lip 20 forming an intake valve for the exhaust circuit constituted, upstream downstream, of the groove 25, the crenellations 16, the annular space 17 and the chamber vortex.
- the lip 20 is carried here by the flange 23 of the second piece 2, but it is possible, according to a variant of the invention (not shown), to make it integral with the first piece 1.
- the first part 1 has a concave top face 15 for manual gripping with the index while the bottom 21 has the reservoir 21 is provided with an operating knob 26 for direct axial compression of the reservoir by means of the thumb.
- the tactile support is facilitated by the presence of studs or concentric grooves 26a.
- the reservoir is further provided with an internal boss 27 extending the button 26 inside and capable of abutting against the wall of the first piece 1 to optimize the dosage and the rate of return of the product.
- the first piece 1 is extended downwards by an outer skirt 3 ensuring the dressing of the tank 21.
- the skirt 3 has a peripheral groove 30 for attachment to an outer packaging element (not shown).
- the dispenser may be equipped with a removable cap 4 with a gripping tab 40 intended to close off the spray nozzle (see FIG. 3A).
- the outer skirt 3 is elastically deformable and connected here at the top to the collar 23.
- the second piece 2 is thus provided with a double wall.
- the manipulation of the reservoir 21 with a view to its compression can be carried out indirectly by crushing and / or lateral pinching of the skirt 3 which then resumes its initial shape by masking the deformed wall of the reservoir 21.
- This variant also makes it possible to lengthen the proportions of the dispenser because the deformation of the reservoir is here lateral and not axial and to offer the consumer a traditional appearance and means of grip for this type of product.
- the product flow is divided between the two symmetrical sections of the groove 25 and escapes in the direction of the vortex chamber which is fed from the space 17 by its two lateral inputs 12a, 12b.
- the product is then accelerated by the channels 12 before being propelled outside in vaporized form via the nozzle 10.
- the end of the metering is obtained when the boss 27 abuts against the piece 1 through the upper opening of the tank 21.
- the dimensions and in particular the volume of the tank 21 as well as its capacity of deformation will be determined so that the end of stroke of the boss 27 corresponds to the delivery of a single and precise dose or, if necessary, of several doses of product.
Landscapes
- Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)
Claims (11)
- Spender ohne Luftaufnahme für geringe Mengen von Flüssigprodukten mit einem ersten Teil (1), der eine Zerstäuberdüse (10) umfaßt, die mit einem Kanalnetz (12) in Verbindung steht, das örtlich auf der Wand einer inneren kegelstumpfartigen Bohrung (13) gestaltet ist, und einem zweiten Teil (2), dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der zweite Teil einen verformbaren Behälter (21) umfaßt, der mit einem steifen Kragen (23) zur Befestigung in der Bohrung des besagten ersten Teils versehen ist, wobei der besagte Kragen auf seinem äußeren Umfang eine geneigte Fläche (22) aufweist, die gegenüber dem besagten Kanalnetz (12) eine Wirbelkammer aufweist und im Innern mit der Wand des besagten ersten Teils einer periphere Auslaßkehle (25) bildet, die radial von einer elastischen Lippe (20) als Einlaßschieber abgegrenzt wird, die vom besagten ersten Teil oder vom besagten zweiten Teil getragen wird.
- Spender nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der besagte Kragen (23) Anhängeelemente (24) umfaßt, die mit zusätzlichen Elementen (14) zusammenwirken, die von der Wand der besagten Bohrung (13) getragen werden, damit die dichte Montage der beiden Teile (1, 2) sichergestellt ist.
- Spender nach einem beliebigen der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kragen (23) des besagten zweiten Teils (2) eine spiegelgleiche Umdrehung aufweist.
- Spender nach einem beliebigen der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er eine äußere Schürze (3) umfaßt, die das besagte erste Teil (1) nach unten verlängert oder an den Kragen (23) des besagten zweiten Teils (2) angeschlossen ist, damit die Umkleidung des besagten Behälters (21) möglich wird.
- Spender nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die besagte Schürze (3) elastisch verformbar ist, damit die indirekte Betätigung des besagten Behälters (21) möglich wird.
- Spender nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die besagte Schürze einen peripheren Einschnitt (30) für das Anhängen an ein äußeres Verpackungselement aufweist.
- Spender nach einem beliebigen der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der besagte erste Teil (1) eine konkave obere Fläche (14) aufweist, die das manuelle Anfassen erleichtert.
- Spender nach einem beliebigen der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der besagte Behälter (21) aus einem weichen Balgbeutel besteht.
- Spender nach einem beliebigen der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Boden (21a) des Behälters (21) mit einem Bedienungsknopf (26) für eine axiale Verdichtung versehen ist.
- Spender nach einem beliebigen der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Behälter (21) mit einem inneren Höcker (27) versehen ist, der am Ende der Dosisabgabe zum Anschlag an die Wand des besagten ersten Teils (1) kommt.
- Spender nach einem beliebigen der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er einen abnehmbaren Verschluß (4) mit einem Zapfen (40) umfaßt, mit dem die besagte Düse (10) verschlossen werden soll.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0403732A FR2868709B1 (fr) | 2004-04-08 | 2004-04-08 | Distributeur sans reprise d'air pour la delivrance de faibles doses de produits liquides et, en particulier, de produits cosmetiques ou pharmaceutiques |
PCT/FR2005/000639 WO2005107954A1 (fr) | 2004-04-08 | 2005-03-16 | Distributeur sans reprise d'air pour la delivrance de faibles doses de produits liquides et, en particulier, de produits cosmetiques ou pharmaceutiques |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1740312A1 EP1740312A1 (de) | 2007-01-10 |
EP1740312B1 true EP1740312B1 (de) | 2007-08-15 |
Family
ID=34944409
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP05739689A Active EP1740312B1 (de) | 2004-04-08 | 2005-03-16 | Luftloser spender zur abgabe von geringen flüssigproduktdosen, insbesondere kosmetische oder pharmazeutische produkte |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7328856B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1740312B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2007532289A (de) |
CN (1) | CN1938102A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE369917T1 (de) |
BR (2) | BRPI0404395B1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2560860A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE602005002047T2 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2292136T3 (de) |
FR (1) | FR2868709B1 (de) |
RU (1) | RU2006135144A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2005107954A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2871533B1 (fr) * | 2004-06-10 | 2006-09-01 | Rexam Dispensing Systems Sas | Pompe simplifiee pour distributeur de produits liquides sans reprise d'air |
US8043976B2 (en) * | 2008-03-24 | 2011-10-25 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Adhesion to copper and copper electromigration resistance |
US20090302064A1 (en) * | 2008-06-10 | 2009-12-10 | Marcel Lavabre | Elastomeric dispensing pump that can be made with as few as two components |
US11471905B1 (en) | 2021-09-23 | 2022-10-18 | Apackaging Group Llc | All plastic airless pump dispenser |
US11679403B1 (en) | 2022-02-02 | 2023-06-20 | Ries Ries Inc | Travel dispenser for dispensing a fluid |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1544232A (en) * | 1923-11-10 | 1925-06-30 | Jr William C Huntoon | Collapsible tube |
US3752366A (en) * | 1971-10-27 | 1973-08-14 | W Lawrence | Two-piece suction pump |
US4067499A (en) * | 1976-02-17 | 1978-01-10 | Cohen Milton J | Non-aerosol continuous spray dispenser |
US4773570A (en) * | 1983-06-14 | 1988-09-27 | Interscents N.V. | Discharge device for a deformable container |
DE8526339U1 (de) * | 1985-09-14 | 1987-05-07 | Ing. Erich Pfeiffer GmbH & Co KG, 7760 Radolfzell | Austragvorrichtung für fließfähige Medien |
US20030064807A1 (en) * | 2001-09-25 | 2003-04-03 | Walker Jay S. | Method and apparatus for linked play gaming |
FR2824762B1 (fr) * | 2001-05-15 | 2004-02-27 | Oreal | Dispositif pour la pulverisation d'un produit, notamment sous forme d'une dose echantillon dudit produit |
FR2826344B1 (fr) * | 2001-06-22 | 2003-09-05 | Oreal | Dispositif pour la pulverisation d'un produit, notamment sous forme de dose echantillon |
FR2853635B1 (fr) | 2003-04-09 | 2007-04-06 | Rexam Dispensing Sys | Bouton-poussoir de pulverisateur |
US20070060358A1 (en) * | 2005-08-10 | 2007-03-15 | Amaitis Lee M | System and method for wireless gaming with location determination |
US7534169B2 (en) * | 2005-07-08 | 2009-05-19 | Cfph, Llc | System and method for wireless gaming system with user profiles |
US7811172B2 (en) * | 2005-10-21 | 2010-10-12 | Cfph, Llc | System and method for wireless lottery |
US7637810B2 (en) * | 2005-08-09 | 2009-12-29 | Cfph, Llc | System and method for wireless gaming system with alerts |
US7833101B2 (en) * | 2006-08-24 | 2010-11-16 | Cfph, Llc | Secondary game |
US8758109B2 (en) * | 2008-08-20 | 2014-06-24 | Cfph, Llc | Game of chance systems and methods |
-
2004
- 2004-04-08 FR FR0403732A patent/FR2868709B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-06-11 BR BRPI0404395-2B1A patent/BRPI0404395B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2005
- 2005-03-16 CA CA002560860A patent/CA2560860A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2005-03-16 EP EP05739689A patent/EP1740312B1/de active Active
- 2005-03-16 BR BRPI0508777A patent/BRPI0508777B8/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2005-03-16 ES ES05739689T patent/ES2292136T3/es active Active
- 2005-03-16 WO PCT/FR2005/000639 patent/WO2005107954A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 2005-03-16 CN CNA2005800096997A patent/CN1938102A/zh active Pending
- 2005-03-16 RU RU2006135144/12A patent/RU2006135144A/ru unknown
- 2005-03-16 JP JP2007506798A patent/JP2007532289A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-03-16 DE DE602005002047T patent/DE602005002047T2/de active Active
- 2005-03-16 AT AT05739689T patent/ATE369917T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2006
- 2006-10-06 US US11/539,519 patent/US7328856B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
None * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE602005002047T2 (de) | 2008-05-15 |
BRPI0508777B8 (pt) | 2018-07-10 |
ES2292136T3 (es) | 2008-03-01 |
BRPI0404395B1 (pt) | 2013-12-17 |
US20070125884A1 (en) | 2007-06-07 |
JP2007532289A (ja) | 2007-11-15 |
CN1938102A (zh) | 2007-03-28 |
US7328856B2 (en) | 2008-02-12 |
FR2868709B1 (fr) | 2006-06-23 |
EP1740312A1 (de) | 2007-01-10 |
CA2560860A1 (fr) | 2005-11-17 |
FR2868709A1 (fr) | 2005-10-14 |
BRPI0508777B1 (pt) | 2018-03-13 |
RU2006135144A (ru) | 2008-05-20 |
BRPI0508777A (pt) | 2007-09-04 |
DE602005002047D1 (de) | 2007-09-27 |
ATE369917T1 (de) | 2007-09-15 |
WO2005107954A1 (fr) | 2005-11-17 |
BRPI0404395A (pt) | 2006-02-21 |
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Legal Events
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