EP1730053B1 - Coupling part for stowing containers on board ships - Google Patents

Coupling part for stowing containers on board ships Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1730053B1
EP1730053B1 EP05716305A EP05716305A EP1730053B1 EP 1730053 B1 EP1730053 B1 EP 1730053B1 EP 05716305 A EP05716305 A EP 05716305A EP 05716305 A EP05716305 A EP 05716305A EP 1730053 B1 EP1730053 B1 EP 1730053B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
abutment
wear
bearing surface
coupling component
container
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP05716305A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1730053A1 (en
Inventor
Jens Fuge
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MacGregor Germany GmbH and Co KG
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MacGregor Deu GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1730053A1 publication Critical patent/EP1730053A1/en
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Publication of EP1730053B1 publication Critical patent/EP1730053B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/0006—Coupling devices between containers, e.g. ISO-containers
    • B65D90/0013—Twist lock
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/48—Arrangements of indicating or measuring devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a coupling piece for stowing containers on board ships according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the coupling pieces mentioned here are both those for securing stacked containers against horizontal displacement and for locking the containers in the vertical direction as well as those which secure the stacked containers only against horizontal displacement. These coupling pieces are arranged on the one hand between superposed containers and on the other hand between ship-side supports and the lowermost containers of a respective container stack. As a result, the lowest container of the container stack are also connected to the ship-side supports.
  • the invention is an object of the invention to provide a coupling piece for stowing containers on board ships, which requires no additional weight.
  • a coupling piece to solve this problem has the features of claim 1. Accordingly, the abutment is associated with at least one detection means, which is either eliminated in the wear-related reaching a minimum thickness of the abutment or visibly appears. Since the abutment between two stacked containers or a container or a ship-side support so wears that it decreases in thickness, which gives at least one of the abutment associated detection means reliable information about the state of the coupling piece. By means of the detection means, it can be easily determined whether the coupling piece is still usable or has worn so severely that the risk of breakage of the coupling piece with a wear-related, too thin abutment exists.
  • the detection means is designed so that when the wear-related reaching a minimum thickness of the abutment either the detection means is eliminated or visible in appearance. As a result, the abutment provides reliable information visually whether the abutment has reached or fallen below the wear-related minimum thickness.
  • the coupling piece must be replaced if either the at least one detection means is no longer visible or appears in appearance.
  • the at least one detection means is associated with at least one contact surface of the abutment on a corner fitting of a container or on a ship-side support. Preferably, this is the underlying horizontal contact surface of the abutment. This lower contact surface is then the wear surface of the abutment.
  • This wear surface can be determined by the structural design of the coupling piece by the coupling piece has a sufficient clearance to that container, namely its corner fitting, or the ship-side bearing, whereupon the lower contact surface rests.
  • the coupling piece is designed so that it can be used in lower corner fittings of the container without significant play, so that between the upper contact surface of the abutment and the bottom corner fitting of a respective container no significant Relativverschiebitch take place and thus no or in comparison to the lower contact surface only minor wear occurs. Consequently, the at least one detection means need only be assigned to one abutment surface of the abutment, namely the one which wears out or experiences the greater wear. This is preferably the lower contact surface of the abutment.
  • the or each detection means is formed from a recess in a contact surface of the abutment.
  • the depth of this at least one recess corresponds to the extent of the permissible wear of the abutment. This measure results from the strength calculation of the coupling piece, which, in order to ensure the minimum strength, must not fall below a minimum thickness.
  • the respective recess thus ends in a plane which has such a distance from the wear bearing surface of the abutment, which corresponds to the maximum allowable wear. If, therefore, the abutment is worn in the maximum allowable frame, either the respective recess is visible or it is worn away due to wear and thus no longer available. Operators who handle the dome pieces when jamming the container can thus easily and reliably see purely visually whether the coupling piece is still useful because the wear is still within acceptable limits or the wear has progressed so far that the coupling piece are no longer used may.
  • the respective recess may be formed in the simplest case of a groove in the wear surface of the abutment. But it is also conceivable to form the respective recess by a blind hole or a chamfer on the edge of the abutment.
  • the groove colored or colored, for example by a paint in the groove. Conveniently, this is done using a clearly visible color. It may be a meaningful color, such that the groove is painted, for example, green. As long as the green color of the groove is visible, the person handling the coupling piece indicates that it can still be used because the wear of the abutment is still within additional limits.
  • the respective groove Upon reaching the maximum allowable wear or exceeding the same is the respective groove and thus also the color, in particular green color, completely ground away, so that the person handling the coupling piece can easily recognize the uselessness of the coupling piece.
  • the or each detection means from at least one outgoing from the non or less wear (upper) contact surface recess.
  • This depression ends at a distance from the wear-bearing contact surface of the abutment, ie in the plane which is removed by the amount of permissible wear of the wear-bearing contact surface.
  • the depth of this detection means thus corresponds to the minimum thickness of the abutment.
  • Such a detection means is only visible when the coupling piece is no longer usable due to a correspondingly advanced wear. Before, the detection means is not visible.
  • the outgoing from the wear-bearing contact surface bearing surface recess may be formed of a groove or a blind hole. Accordingly, if the coupling piece is worn beyond the allowable amount, the original blind hole has become the through-hole, whereby the person handling the coupling piece can easily recognize the uselessness thereof. Likewise, the groove forms a clearly visible continuous slot in the same in case of impermissibly strong closure of the abutment.
  • a lead may be dropping or else a plastic colored about with the color of the coupling piece or at least of the abutment for closing at least one region of the depression which originates from the non-wearing contact surface.
  • Such a closure of the recess is particularly advantageous if the depression is provided below the closure with a colored filling.
  • twistlock 10 is designed as a coupling piece which is designed as a twistlock 10. It may be a so-called semi-automatic twistlock 10.
  • Such twistlocks 10 are generally known.
  • the twistlock 10 is used on the deck of a partially schematic in the Fig. 1 shown container ship 11raitzukuppeln container 13 stacked one above the other.
  • the container 13 are not only secured against horizontal displacement by the twistlock 10, but also coupled together in the vertical direction against lifting.
  • the twistlock 10 also serves to lower the lowest container of a respective container stack with ship-side supports, for example ground foundations 12 (FIG. Fig. 5 to 7 ) connect to. This connection takes place in the same way as the connection of two superimposed containers 13.
  • the twistlock 10 is essentially composed of a housing 14, a locking bolt 16 rotatable about a vertical central axis 15 and an actuating lever 17.
  • the exterior of the housing 14 is divided into three sections, namely a central abutment 18 and two on opposite sides of the housing Abutment 18 arranged centerpieces 19 and 20.
  • the abutment 18 is in stacked containers 13 between adjacent corner fittings of the twistlock 10 to be connected container 13.
  • the abutment 18 may also lie between a lower corner fitting of a lower container 13 of a container stack and a bottom foundation 12 ( Fig. 5 to 7 ).
  • the middle pieces 19 and 20 protrude at sixteengekuppelten containers 13 in corresponding slots in corner fittings of the superposed container 13 inside.
  • the lower central portion 20 of the housing 14 projects in the arrangement of the twistlock 10 between the bottom foundation 12 and the lower container 13 of a container stack in a longitudinal direction 21 extending Slot 22 in an upper foundation plate 23 of the bottom foundation 12 in ( Fig. 5 ).
  • the upper center piece 19 is formed only slightly smaller than the slot in the corner fitting of the respective container 13th
  • Die Langloch 22 ist in der Bodenfundamentplatte 23 des Bodenfundaments 12 was published in the middle piece 19 substantially fills a slot in the corner fitting of the container 13.
  • the locking pin 16 is composed of a substantially cylindrical central portion 24 and two cross bars 25 and 26.
  • the locking pin 16 is integrally formed, to which the crossbars 25 and 26 are integrally formed at opposite ends of the Mitteilteils 24.
  • With the central part 24 of the locking pin 16 is rotatably mounted in a through hole of the housing 14 about its central axis 15.
  • the locking bolt 16 is rotated by a laterally protruding from the abutment 18 with an actuating end actuating lever 17.
  • the two crossbars 25 and 26 protrude from opposite ends of the housing 14.
  • the cross bars 25 and 26 are thereby above the respective centerpiece 19 and 20, whereby they can dive into the respective Eckbeschlag or the ground foundation 12.
  • FIG. 1 is schematically (exaggerated for illustrative purposes) shown how hatch cover 27 forgiven on deck of the ship due to the twisting of the container ship 11.
  • the outlines of warped hatch cover 27 are shown in dot-dash lines.
  • the hatch cover 27 originally having a rectangular base surface then has a diamond-shaped base surface, the parallel to the Longitudinal direction 21 extending longitudinal sides 28 of the hatch cover 27 move in opposite directions.
  • Fig. 1 is symbolically a stowed on deck of container ship 11 container 13, which is, for example, a 40 'container shown.
  • container 13 is jammed on the outside, so it is in the vicinity of a side wall 29 of the container ship 11.
  • the bottom container 13 of lying near the side wall 29 container stack is by the twistlocks 10 with only symbolically in the Fig. 1 connected bottom foundations 12 connected.
  • the bottom foundations 12 of the longitudinal direction of the ship 21 consecutive corners of the container 13 on one of the hatch cover 27, while the outside corners of the container 13 are connected to ground foundations 12, which are next to the hatch covers 27 on a longitudinal envelope of the container ship 11, not shown.
  • the Fig. 1 illustrates symbolsch, as by the delay of the hatch cover 27, the ground foundations thereon 12 change their position in the longitudinal direction of the ship 21, namely move forward or backward.
  • all containers 13 of the respective container stack would be entrained in the longitudinal direction 21 or against the longitudinal direction 21, as shown symbolically in FIG Fig. 1 is indicated.
  • both the ground foundations 12 on the respective hatch cover 27 and on the longitudinal envelope extending in the longitudinal direction 21 elongated holes 22, which are substantially longer than that in the longitudinal direction 21 extending measure of the center piece 20 under the abutment 18 of the twistlock 10 (see. 6 and 7 ). This applies both to the ground foundations 12 on the respective hatch cover 27 and on the longitudinal waste.
  • the longitudinal edges of the hatch cover 27 can warp in the longitudinal direction of the ship 21 and also against the longitudinal direction of the ship 21 by 60 mm.
  • the ground foundations 12 on the hatch cover 27 can thus move by 60 mm in the longitudinal direction of the ship 21 and 60 mm against the longitudinal vessel direction 21 with respect to the ground foundations 12 on the longitudinal waste.
  • the correspondingly elongated slots 22 in the foundation plates 23rd The ground foundations 12 thus compensate for a delay of the hatch cover 27 by a taking place in the longitudinal direction of the ship 21 twisting of the container ship 11.
  • the material pairing between the housing 14 of the twistlocks 10 and the foundation plate 23 of the bottom foundation 12 is chosen so that the foundation plate 23 is harder and thus does not wear appreciably.
  • the result is that the lower bearing surface 30 of the abutment 18 located on the underside of the abutment 18 of the housing 14 of the twistlock 10 wears on the foundation plate 23 of the base foundation 12. This is a deliberately caused on the twistlock 10 wear, because this is easier to replace than the foundation plate 23 of the firmly connected to the container ship 11 ground foundation 12th
  • the twistlock 10 Since the abutment 18 of the twistlock 10 holds the middle pieces 19 and 20, which bring about a backup of the stacked container 13 against horizontal displacement, wear of the abutment 18 is reliable only to a certain extent. The thickness of the abutment 18 must therefore not fall below a certain minimum thickness 31, so that the twistlock 10 is able to accommodate lashing forces that are at least necessary for reliable securing of the container 13 on board the container ship 11. In order to easily and reliably make visible whether the abutment 18 of the twistlock 10 still has the required minimum thickness 31, the twistlock 10 has at least one corresponding detection means. In the exemplary embodiments shown, two detection means are provided, without the invention being restricted thereto. It suffices a single detection means per twistlock 10, but also more than two detection means can be provided.
  • the Fig. 2 to 8 show a first type of detection means, which are formed as elongated grooves 32.
  • Two equal elongated grooves 32 are assigned to a lower side of the abutment 14, on opposite sides of the locking bolt 16.
  • the grooves 32 extend from the lower abutment surface 30 of the abutment 18 (FIG. Fig. 8 ).
  • the grooves 32 shown have an approximately trapezoidal cross-section.
  • a groove base 33 located at the bottom of the respective groove 32 is planar.
  • the groove base 33 extends at a parallel distance from the lower contact surface 30.
  • This distance is selected so that the distance of the groove base 33 from the no or less wearing upper contact surface 34, whereupon the lower corner fitting of the lower container 13 of the respective container stack is supported, the minimum thickness 31 of the abutment 18 corresponds.
  • the color coating 35 may be formed by a colored lacquer layer. This lacquer layer preferably has a readily perceivable color, for example a signal color. To make the color coating 35 clear, it can be green.
  • grooves 32 in the lower abutment surface 30 of the abutment 18 are visible.
  • the person using the twistlock 10 recognizes that the abutment 18 (still) has a sufficient thickness, that is, exceeds the minimum thickness 31.
  • the operational capability of the twistlock is immediately apparent.
  • the color of the grooves 32 is green, the person handling the twistlock 10 signals the admissibility of an insert of this twistlock 10 in the manner of a traffic light.
  • the abutment 18 becomes worn, it becomes thinner from the lower abutment surface 30. As a result, the depth of the grooves 32 decreases. However, the grooves 32 still remain visible.
  • the grooves 32 are ground away and therefore no longer visible. Then the color, especially the green color, the grooves 32 is no longer available. The person responsible for lashing the container 13 can clearly recognize the inadmissibility of the further use of the twistlock 10 and exchange it for another twistlock 10 with still existing grooves 32.
  • the Fig. 9 shows a twistlock 10 according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • This twistlock 10 differs only in terms of the design of the detection means of the twistlock 10 of Fig. 1 to 8 ,
  • the detection means are formed as depressions, which emanate from the upper, less or no wear at all wear surface 34 of the abutment 18.
  • These depressions are blind holes 36.
  • the number of blind holes 36 can be arbitrary. It even reaches a single blind hole 36.
  • Each blind hole 36 has a flat bottom surface 37 which extends parallel to both contact surfaces 30 and 34.
  • the bottom surface 37 of the blind hole 36 terminates before the wear-bearing lower contact surface 30 with a distance corresponding to the extent of the permissible wear of the abutment 18.
  • the depth of each blind hole 36 is the minimum thickness 31 of the abutment 18.
  • the bottom surfaces 37 of the blind holes 36 are ground away, so that from the blind holes 36 through holes.
  • the Fig. 9 shows a development of the twistlock 10, which consists in that in each blind hole 36, a filling 38 is arranged.
  • the filling 38 is located on the bottom surface 37 of each blind hole 36.
  • the filling 38 may be a colored material, for example a red plastic.
  • the filling 38 extends only over a part of the depth of the respective blind hole 36.
  • each blind hole 36 is filled with a cover 39.
  • This cover 39 is formed of a material which is the color of the usually metallic housing 14 to form the Abutment 18 corresponds. For example, it may be lead, tin or any other easily fusible metal-colored material. It may be the cover 39 for each blind hole 36 but also formed of a colored metallic plastic.
  • the covers 39 hide the colored fillings 39 in the blind holes 36.
  • neither the lower contact surface 30 nor the upper contact surface 34 serves as the colored filling 38 serving as a detection means visible, noticeable.
  • the colored fillings 38 in the blind holes 36 are visible on the lower contact surface 30.
  • the fillings 38 have a red color, this signals in the manner of a traffic light the no longer permissible use of the twistlock 10 because the abutment 18 has a thickness which corresponds to the minimum thickness 31 or even lower. Due to the undershot minimum thickness 31, the twistlock 10 would no longer have the prescribed strength, so that it has to be exchanged for a new twistlock 10 or one in which the abutment 18 still has the minimum thickness 31.
  • the invention is not only suitable for the previously described twistlocks 10; Rather, for all usually for stowing containers 13 on board ships, not only container ships 11, used dome pieces. This can be next to Twistlocks 10 stowage pieces, which serve only to secure the container 13 against horizontal displacement, the container 13 but do not couple together in the vertical direction. Also, the invention is suitable for coupling pieces, which also serve for coupling together stacked containers, so they also connect in the vertical direction, but have no rotatable crossbar and thus are not to be described as twistlocks. These are so-called stackers or fixing cones, which also serve via an abutment 18 between two stacked containers or a bottom foundation 12 under the container 13 of a container stack.
  • the invention can also be used in double bumps, the z. B. between two short 20 'containers are arranged to connect them to a 40' container unit. These have an elongated, plate-like abutment which extends between superimposed corner fittings on adjacent end faces of successive containers.
  • the inventively provided detection means can be provided in principle for all coupling pieces used for lashing of containers, regardless of where the containers 13 are stowed on board the ship and what size they have.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)
  • Details Of Rigid Or Semi-Rigid Containers (AREA)
  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
  • Length-Measuring Instruments Using Mechanical Means (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Levels Of Liquids Or Fluent Solid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

Coupling parts known as twistlocks (10) are used to secure stacked containers on board ships. Said twistlocks (10) comprise a central support (18), which lies between the corner fittings of stacked containers. As a result of deformations of the hull of the ship, caused by the sea, a longitudinal displacement occurs between the containers, in particular the bottommost container and a support on board the ship. This causes the central support (18) to wear. If said central support (18) is reduced to a minimum thickness as a result of advanced wear, there is a risk of breakage of the twistlock (10). According to the invention, the central support (18) of the twistlock (10) comprises at least one detection element. The detection element can be configured as a blind hole (36) in the central support (18), said hole being filled with a coloured filler material (38) and provided with a cover (39). The depth of the blind hole (36) is calculated in such a way that when said hole has been worn away or the coloured filler material (38) is visible, the minimum thickness of the central support (18) has been reached. It is thus possible to reliably confirm by visual means that the central support (18) is so worn that the twistlock (10) must be replaced by a new one.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Kuppelstück zum Stauen von Containern an Bord von Schiffen gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a coupling piece for stowing containers on board ships according to the preamble of claim 1.

Bei den hier angesprochenen Kuppelstücken handelt es sich sowohl um solche zum Sichern übereinander gestapelter Container gegen Horizontalverschiebung und zum Verriegeln der Container in vertikaler Richtung als auch um solche, die die übereinander gestapelten Container nur gegen Horizontalverschiebung sichern. Diese Kuppelstücke sind einerseits zwischen übereinander liegenden Containern und andererseits zwischen schiffsseitigen Auflagern und den untersten Containern eines jeweiligen Containerstapels angeordnet. Dadurch werden die untersten Container der Containerstapel auch mit den schiffsseitigen Auflagern verbunden.The coupling pieces mentioned here are both those for securing stacked containers against horizontal displacement and for locking the containers in the vertical direction as well as those which secure the stacked containers only against horizontal displacement. These coupling pieces are arranged on the one hand between superposed containers and on the other hand between ship-side supports and the lowermost containers of a respective container stack. As a result, the lowest container of the container stack are also connected to the ship-side supports.

Vor allem größere, modernere Containerschiffe sind so konstruiert, dass sie sich im Seegang innerhalb zulässiger Grenzen elastisch verformen. Vor allem verdrehen (tordieren) sich solche Containerschiffe im Seegang um ihre Längsschiffsachse. Die Folge ist, dass die üblicherweise längs zur Schiffsachse gestauten Container Längsverschiebungen zu den schiffsseitigen Auflagern und in gewisser Weise auch untereinander erfahren. Diese Längsverschiebungen führen zu einem Verschleiß der zwischen den Containern und zwischen dem unteren Container und dem schiffsseitigen Auflager sich befindenden Widerlager der Kuppelstücke. Dieser Verschleiß verringert die Festigkeit der Kuppelstücke, so dass diese dann, wenn der Verschleiß des Widerlagers ein bestimmtes Ausmaß angenommen hat, nicht mehr einsetzbar sind, weil die Gefahr des Bruchs der Kuppelstücke besteht.Especially larger, more modern container ships are designed in such a way that they deform elastically within permissible limits in swell. Above all, such container ships twist (twist) in the sea around their longitudinal axis. The result is that the containers usually jammed lengthwise to the ship's axle experience longitudinal displacements to the ship-side supports and in a certain way to each other. These longitudinal displacements lead to wear of the between the containers and between the lower container and the ship-side bearing located abutment of the coupling pieces. This wear reduces the strength of the coupling pieces, so that when the wear of the abutment has assumed a certain extent, they are no longer usable because of the risk of breakage of the coupling pieces.

Der geschilderten Problematik wird bei bekannten Kuppelstücken bislang nur dadurch Rechnung getragen, dass die Widerlager dicker als notwendig ausgebildet werden. Man vergrößert die Dicke des Widerlagers der Kuppelstücke so sehr, dass über die übliche Lebensdauer gesehen die Wahrscheinlichkeit besteht, dass das Widerlager nur so weit verschleißt, nämlich eine Reduzierung der Dicke erfährt, dass die Belastbarkeit des Kuppelstücks noch ausreicht. Solche Kuppelstücke weisen jedenfalls, so lange sie noch nicht nennenswert verschlissen sind, ein verhältnismäßig hohes Gewicht auf, wodurch sie schwerer handhabbar sind. Ein Kuppelstück nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 ist in der Offenlegungsschrift DE 36 13 538 A1 offenbart.The described problem is taken into account in known coupling pieces so far only by the fact that the abutment are made thicker than necessary. It increases the thickness of the abutment of the coupling pieces so much that seen over the usual life, the probability that the abutment wears only so far, namely a reduction in the thickness learns that the load capacity of the coupling piece is still sufficient. Anyhow, such dome pieces have, as long as they still are not significantly worn, a relatively high weight, making them harder to handle. A coupling piece according to the preamble of claim 1 is in the publication DE 36 13 538 A1 disclosed.

Der Erfindung liegt nun die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Kuppelstück zum Stauen von Containern an Bord von Schiffen zu schaffen, welches kein zusätzliches Gewicht erfordert.The invention is an object of the invention to provide a coupling piece for stowing containers on board ships, which requires no additional weight.

Ein Kuppelstück zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe weist die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 auf. Demnach ist dem Widerlager mindestens ein Detektionsmittel zugeordnet, das beim verschleißbedingten Erreichen einer Mindestdicke des Widerlagers entweder beseitigt ist oder sichtbar in Erscheinung tritt. Da das Widerlager zwischen zwei übereinander gestapelten Containern oder einem Container oder einem schiffsseitigen Auflager derart verschleißt, dass es in der Dicke abnimmt, gibt das mindestens eine dem Widerlager zugeordnete Detektionsmittel eine zuverlässige Information über den Zustand des Kuppelstücks. Anhand des Detektionsmittels lässt sich einfach feststellen, ob das Kuppelstück noch verwendbar oder so stark verschlissen ist, dass die Gefahr eines Bruchs des Kuppelstücks mit einem verschleißbedingt zu dünnem Widerlager besteht. Das Detektionsmittel ist so gestaltet, dass beim verschleißbedingten Erreichen einer Mindestdicke des Widerlagers entweder das Detektionsmittel beseitigt wird oder sichtbar in Erscheinung tritt. Dadurch gibt das Widerlager in zuverlässiger Weise visuell Auskunft darüber, ob das Widerlager die verschleißbedingte Mindestdicke erreicht bzw. unterschritten hat. Das Kuppelstück muss ausgetauscht werden, wenn entweder das mindestens eine Detektionsmittel nicht mehr sichtbar ist oder das in Erscheinung tritt.A coupling piece to solve this problem has the features of claim 1. Accordingly, the abutment is associated with at least one detection means, which is either eliminated in the wear-related reaching a minimum thickness of the abutment or visibly appears. Since the abutment between two stacked containers or a container or a ship-side support so wears that it decreases in thickness, which gives at least one of the abutment associated detection means reliable information about the state of the coupling piece. By means of the detection means, it can be easily determined whether the coupling piece is still usable or has worn so severely that the risk of breakage of the coupling piece with a wear-related, too thin abutment exists. The detection means is designed so that when the wear-related reaching a minimum thickness of the abutment either the detection means is eliminated or visible in appearance. As a result, the abutment provides reliable information visually whether the abutment has reached or fallen below the wear-related minimum thickness. The coupling piece must be replaced if either the at least one detection means is no longer visible or appears in appearance.

Das mindestens eine Detektionsmittel ist wenigstens einer Anlagefläche des Widerlagers auf einem Eckbeschlag eines Containers oder auf einem schiffsseitigen Auflager zugeordnet. Vorzugsweise handelt es sich dabei um die unten liegende, horizontale Anlagefläche des Widerlagers. Diese untere Anlagefläche ist dann die Verschleißfläche des Widerlagers. Diese Verschleißfläche kann durch die konstruktive Ausbildung des Kuppelstücks festgelegt werden, indem das Kuppelstück ein ausreichendes Spiel zu demjenigen Container, nämlich seinem Eckbeschlag, oder dem schiffsseitigen Auflager aufweist, worauf die untere Anlagefläche aufliegt. Andererseits ist das Kuppelstück so gestaltet, dass es in unteren Eckbeschlägen der Container ohne nennenswertes Spiel einsetzbar ist, so dass zwischen der oberen Anlagefläche des Widerlagers und dem unteren Eckbeschlag eines jeweiligen Containers keine nennenswerten Relativverschiebungen stattfinden und somit auch kein oder ein im Vergleich zur unteren Anlagefläche nur geringer Verschleiß auftritt. Demzufolge braucht das mindestens eine Detektionsmittel nur einer Anlagefläche des Widerlagers zugeordnet sein, nämlich derjenigen, die verschleißt oder den größeren Verschleiß erfährt. Das ist vorzugsweise die untere Anlagefläche des Widerlagers.The at least one detection means is associated with at least one contact surface of the abutment on a corner fitting of a container or on a ship-side support. Preferably, this is the underlying horizontal contact surface of the abutment. This lower contact surface is then the wear surface of the abutment. This wear surface can be determined by the structural design of the coupling piece by the coupling piece has a sufficient clearance to that container, namely its corner fitting, or the ship-side bearing, whereupon the lower contact surface rests. On the other hand, the coupling piece is designed so that it can be used in lower corner fittings of the container without significant play, so that between the upper contact surface of the abutment and the bottom corner fitting of a respective container no significant Relativverschiebungen take place and thus no or in comparison to the lower contact surface only minor wear occurs. Consequently, the at least one detection means need only be assigned to one abutment surface of the abutment, namely the one which wears out or experiences the greater wear. This is preferably the lower contact surface of the abutment.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist das oder jedes Detektionsmittel aus einer Vertiefung in einer Anlagefläche des Widerlagers gebildet. Die Tiefe dieser mindestens einen Vertiefung entspricht dem Maß des zulässigen Verschleißes des Widerlagers. Dieses Maß ergibt sich aus der Festigkeitsberechnung des Kuppelstücks, das um die Mindestfestigkeit zu gewährleisten, eine Mindestdicke nicht unterschreiten darf. Die jeweilige Vertiefung endet demnach in einer Ebene, die einen solchen Abstand von der verschleißenden Anlagefläche des Widerlagers aufweist, der dem maximal zulässigen Verschleiß entspricht. Wenn demnach das Widerlager im maximal zulässigen Rahmen verschlissen ist, wird entweder die jeweilige Vertiefung sichtbar oder sie ist verschleißbedingt weggeschliffen und damit nicht mehr vorhanden. Bedienungspersonen, die die Kuppelstücke beim Stauen der Container handhaben, können somit einfach und zuverlässig rein visuell erkennen, ob das Kuppelstück noch brauchbar ist, weil der Verschleiß noch innerhalb zulässiger Grenzen liegt oder der Verschleiß so weit fortgeschritten ist, dass das Kuppelstück nicht mehr verwendet werden darf.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the or each detection means is formed from a recess in a contact surface of the abutment. The depth of this at least one recess corresponds to the extent of the permissible wear of the abutment. This measure results from the strength calculation of the coupling piece, which, in order to ensure the minimum strength, must not fall below a minimum thickness. The respective recess thus ends in a plane which has such a distance from the wear bearing surface of the abutment, which corresponds to the maximum allowable wear. If, therefore, the abutment is worn in the maximum allowable frame, either the respective recess is visible or it is worn away due to wear and thus no longer available. Operators who handle the dome pieces when jamming the container can thus easily and reliably see purely visually whether the coupling piece is still useful because the wear is still within acceptable limits or the wear has progressed so far that the coupling piece are no longer used may.

Die jeweilige Vertiefung kann im einfachsten Falle aus einer Nut in der verschleißenden Anlagefläche des Widerlagers gebildet sein. Es ist aber auch denkbar, die jeweilige Vertiefung durch eine Sackbohrung oder eine Fase am Rand des Widerlagers zu bilden. Um die Erkennbarkeit des Nochvorhandenseins oder des vollständigen Abschleifens der Nut deutlicher zu machen, ist vorgesehen, die Nut farbig auszubilden oder farbig zu machen, beispielsweise durch einen Farbanstrich im Bereich der Nut. Zweckmäßigerweise verwendet man hierzu eine deutlich sichtbare Farbe. Es kann sich dabei um eine sinnfällige Farbe handeln, derart, dass die Nut zum Beispiel grün angestrichen wird. Solange die grüne Farbe der Nut sichtbar ist, zeigt das der das Kuppelstück handhabenden Person an, dass dieses noch benutzt werden kann, weil der Verschleiß des Widerlagers noch innerhalb zusätzlicher Grenzen liegt. Bei Erreichen des maximal zulässigen Verschleißes oder Überschreiten desselben ist die jeweilige Nut und damit auch die Farbe, insbesondere grüne Farbe, vollständig weggeschliffen, so dass die das Kuppelstück handhabende Person ohne Weiteres die Unbrauchbarkeit des Kuppelstücks erkennen kann.The respective recess may be formed in the simplest case of a groove in the wear surface of the abutment. But it is also conceivable to form the respective recess by a blind hole or a chamfer on the edge of the abutment. In order to make the recognizability of the presence or the complete abrasion of the groove clearer, it is provided to make the groove colored or colored, for example by a paint in the groove. Conveniently, this is done using a clearly visible color. It may be a meaningful color, such that the groove is painted, for example, green. As long as the green color of the groove is visible, the person handling the coupling piece indicates that it can still be used because the wear of the abutment is still within additional limits. Upon reaching the maximum allowable wear or exceeding the same is the respective groove and thus also the color, in particular green color, completely ground away, so that the person handling the coupling piece can easily recognize the uselessness of the coupling piece.

Gemäß einer anderen Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, das oder jedes Detektionsmittel aus mindestens einer von der nicht oder weniger verschleißenden (oberen) Anlagefläche ausgehenden Vertiefung zu bilden. Diese Vertiefung endet mit Abstand von der verschleißenden Anlagefläche des Widerlagers, also in der Ebene, die um das Maß des zulässigen Verschleißes von der verschleißenden Anlagefläche entfernt ist. Die Tiefe dieses Detektionsmittels entspricht also der Mindestdicke des Widerlagers. Ein solches Detektionsmittel wird erst sichtbar, wenn das Kuppelstück aufgrund eines entsprechend fortgeschrittenen Verschleißes nicht mehr verwendbar ist. Vorher ist das Detektionsmittel nicht sichtbar.According to another embodiment of the invention, it is provided to form the or each detection means from at least one outgoing from the non or less wear (upper) contact surface recess. This depression ends at a distance from the wear-bearing contact surface of the abutment, ie in the plane which is removed by the amount of permissible wear of the wear-bearing contact surface. The depth of this detection means thus corresponds to the minimum thickness of the abutment. Such a detection means is only visible when the coupling piece is no longer usable due to a correspondingly advanced wear. Before, the detection means is not visible.

Die von der der verschleißenden Anlagefläche gegenüberliegenden Anlagefläche ausgehende Vertiefung kann aus einer Nut oder einem Sackloch gebildet sein. Wenn demnach das Kuppelstück über das zulässige Maß hinaus verschlissen ist, ist das ursprüngliche Sackloch zur Durchgangsbohrung geworden, wodurch die das Kuppelstück handhabende Person problemlos die Unbrauchbarkeit desselben erkennen kann. Ebenso bildet die Nut bei unzulässig starkem Verschließ des Widerlagers einen deutlich sichtbaren durchgehenden Schlitz in demselben.The outgoing from the wear-bearing contact surface bearing surface recess may be formed of a groove or a blind hole. Accordingly, if the coupling piece is worn beyond the allowable amount, the original blind hole has become the through-hole, whereby the person handling the coupling piece can easily recognize the uselessness thereof. Likewise, the groove forms a clearly visible continuous slot in the same in case of impermissibly strong closure of the abutment.

Es ist aber auch denkbar, die von der nicht oder weniger verschleißenden Anlagefläche ausgehende Vertiefung, beispielsweise die Nut oder das Sackloch, mindestens teilweise mit einer farbigen Füllung zu versehen. Wird die Farbe der Füllung sichtbar, deutet das auf die Unbrauchbarkeit des Kuppelstücks hin. In diesem Fall wird man bevorzugt eine rote Farbe verwenden, so das die Sichtbarkeit einer roten Fläche oder eines roten Punkts der das Kuppelstück handhabenden Person die Unbrauchbarkeit des Kuppelstücks anzeigt. Damit die von der weniger verschleißenden oberen Anlagefläche ausgehende Vertiefung oder das Sackloch, insbesondere die farbige Füllung in demselben, nicht auf einer Seite des Widerlagers sichtbar ist und zu Fehlinterpretationen führen könnten, ist auf der nicht oder weniger verschleißenden Anlagefläche des Widerlagers die Vertiefung bei einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung des Kuppelstücks verschlossen mit einem Material in der Farbe des Widerlagers bzw. des Kuppelstücks. Beispielsweise kann ein Bleipfropfen oder auch ein etwa mit der Farbe des Kuppelstücks oder mindestens des Widerlagers eingefärbter Kunststoff zum Verschluss mindestens eines von der nicht verschleißenden Anlagefläche ausgehenden Bereichs der Vertiefung vorgesehen sein. Ein solcher Verschluss der Vertiefung ist vor allem dann vorteilhaft, wenn die Vertiefung unterhalb des Verschlusses mit einer farbigen Füllung versehen ist.But it is also conceivable that at least partially provided with a colored filling from the non or less wearing contact surface recess, such as the groove or the blind hole. If the color of the filling becomes visible, this indicates the unusability of the coupling piece. In this case, it is preferable to use a red color so that the visibility of a red area or red dot of the person handling the dome indicates the unusability of the dome. Thus, the outgoing of the less-wearing upper contact surface recess or blind hole, especially the colored filling in the same, not on one side of the abutment is visible and could lead to misinterpretation, is on the non or less wearing contact surface of the abutment, the recess in a preferred Design of the coupling piece closed with a material in the color of the abutment or the coupling piece. For example, a lead may be dropping or else a plastic colored about with the color of the coupling piece or at least of the abutment for closing at least one region of the depression which originates from the non-wearing contact surface. Such a closure of the recess is particularly advantageous if the depression is provided below the closure with a colored filling.

Es ist auch denkbar, dem Widerlager mehrere unterschiedlich tiefe Vertiefungen zuzuordnen. Dadurch können Grenzfälle des Verschleißes angezeigt werden, indem das Sichtbarwerden oder Nichtsichtbarsein nur einer Vertiefung die drohende Unbrauchbarkeit des Kuppelstücks signalisiert, aber das Kuppelstück noch verwendet werden kann, bis mehrere oder gar alle Vertiefungen sichtbar oder unsichtbar werden. Dieses ermöglicht eine sehr präzise Feststellung über das Ausmaß des Verschleißes des Widerlagers. Das Kuppelstück kann dadurch über eine maximal mögliche Zeitdauer eingesetzt werden. Es kommt zu keiner verfrühten Außerbetriebnahme des Kuppelstücks.It is also conceivable to associate the abutment with several deep depressions. As a result, limit cases of wear can be displayed by the visibility or Nichtsichtbarsein only one depression signals the impending uselessness of the coupling piece, but the dome piece can still be used until several or even all depressions are visible or invisible. This allows a very precise determination of the extent of wear of the abutment. The coupling piece can thereby be used over a maximum possible period of time. There is no premature decommissioning of the coupling piece.

Bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele des erfindungsgemäßen Kuppelstücks werden nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. In dieser zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Draufsicht auf einen Vorschiffsbereich eines Containerschiffs,
Fig. 2
eine Seitenansicht eines Twistlocks,
Fig. 3
eine Draufsicht auf das Twistlock der Fig. 2,
Fig. 4
eine Ansicht des Twistlocks gemäß der Fig. 2 von unten,
Fig. 5
eine Seitenansicht eines in ein Bodenfundament eingesetzten Twistlocks der Fig. 2 bis 4,
Fig. 6
eine um 90° verdrehte Seitenansicht des in das Bodenfundament eingesetzten Twistlock der Fig. 5,
Fig. 7
eine Draufsicht auf das in das Bodenfundament eingesetzte Twistlock der Fig. 5 und 6,
Fig. 8
eine vergrößerte teilweise Ansicht eines Twistlocks mit einem Detektionsmittel nach einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung, und
Fig. 9
ein Twistlock in einer Darstellung gemäß der Fig. 8 mit einem Detektionsmittel gemäß einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel.
Preferred embodiments of the coupling piece according to the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. In this show:
Fig. 1
a schematic plan view of a forecastle area of a container ship,
Fig. 2
a side view of a twistlock,
Fig. 3
a top view of the twistlock the Fig. 2 .
Fig. 4
a view of the twistlock according to the Fig. 2 from underneath,
Fig. 5
a side view of an inserted into a ground foundation twistlock the Fig. 2 to 4 .
Fig. 6
a rotated by 90 ° side view of the inserted into the ground foundation twistlock the Fig. 5 .
Fig. 7
a plan view of the inserted into the ground foundation twistlock the FIGS. 5 and 6 .
Fig. 8
an enlarged partial view of a twistlock with a detection means according to a first embodiment of the invention, and
Fig. 9
a twistlock in a representation according to the Fig. 8 with a detection means according to a second embodiment.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend erläutert im Zusammenhang mit einem Kuppelstück, das als ein Twistlock 10 ausgebildet ist. Es kann sich dabei um ein sogenanntes Semiautomatik-Twistlock 10 handeln. Solche Twistlocks 10 sind generell bekannt. Das Twistlock 10 dient dazu, an Deck eines teilweise schematisch in der Fig. 1 gezeigten Containerschiffs 11 übereinander gestapelte Container 13 zusammenzukuppeln. Die Container 13 werden vom Twistlock 10 nicht nur gegen horizontales Verschieben gesichert, sondern auch in vertikaler Richtung gegen Abheben zusammengekuppelt. Das Twistlock 10 dient aber auch dazu, den untersten Container eines jeweiligen Containerstapels mit schiffsseitigen Auflagern, beispielsweise Bodenfundamente 12 (Fig. 5 bis 7) zu verbinden. Diese Verbindung erfolgt auf gleiche Art wie die Verbindung jeweils zweier übereinander liegender Container 13.The invention is explained below in connection with a coupling piece which is designed as a twistlock 10. It may be a so-called semi-automatic twistlock 10. Such twistlocks 10 are generally known. The twistlock 10 is used on the deck of a partially schematic in the Fig. 1 shown container ship 11 zusammenzukuppeln container 13 stacked one above the other. The container 13 are not only secured against horizontal displacement by the twistlock 10, but also coupled together in the vertical direction against lifting. However, the twistlock 10 also serves to lower the lowest container of a respective container stack with ship-side supports, for example ground foundations 12 (FIG. Fig. 5 to 7 ) connect to. This connection takes place in the same way as the connection of two superimposed containers 13.

Das Twistlock 10 setzt sich im Wesentlichen zusammen aus einem Gehäuse 14, einem darin um eine vertikale Mittelache 15 verdrehbaren Verriegelungsbolzen 16 und einem Betätigungshebel 17. Das Äußere des Gehäuses 14 ist unterteilt in drei Abschnitte, nämlich ein mittiges Widerlager 18 und zwei auf gegenüberliegenden Seiten des Widerlagers 18 angeordnete Mittelstücke 19 und 20. Das Widerlager 18 liegt bei aufeinander gestapelten Containern 13 zwischen benachbarten Eckbeschlägen der vom Twistlock 10 zu verbindenden Container 13. Das Widerlager 18 kann aber auch zwischen einem unteren Eckbeschlag eines unteren Containers 13 eines Containerstapels und einem Bodenfundament 12 liegen (Fig. 5 bis 7). Die Mittelstücke 19 und 20 ragen bei zusammengekuppelten Containern 13 in entsprechende Langlöcher in Eckbeschlägen der übereinander liegenden Container 13 hinein. Das untere Mittelstück 20 des Gehäuses 14 ragt bei Anordnung des Twistlocks 10 zwischen dem Bodenfundament 12 und dem unteren Container 13 eines Containerstapels in ein in Längsschiffsrichtung 21 verlaufendes Langloch 22 in einer oberen Fundamentplatte 23 des Bodenfundaments 12 hinein (Fig. 5). Das Langloch 22 in der Bodenfundamentplatte 23 des Bodenfundaments 12 ist aus weiter unten geschilderten Gründen deutlich länger ausgebildet als das Mittelstück 20 unter dem Gehäuse 14 des Twistlocks 10. Hingegen ist das obere Mittelstück 19 nur geringfügig kleiner ausgebildet als das Langloch im Eckbeschlag des jeweiligen Containers 13, so dass das Mittelstück 19 ein Langloch im Eckbeschlag des Containers 13 im Wesentlichen ausfüllt.The twistlock 10 is essentially composed of a housing 14, a locking bolt 16 rotatable about a vertical central axis 15 and an actuating lever 17. The exterior of the housing 14 is divided into three sections, namely a central abutment 18 and two on opposite sides of the housing Abutment 18 arranged centerpieces 19 and 20. The abutment 18 is in stacked containers 13 between adjacent corner fittings of the twistlock 10 to be connected container 13. The abutment 18 may also lie between a lower corner fitting of a lower container 13 of a container stack and a bottom foundation 12 ( Fig. 5 to 7 ). The middle pieces 19 and 20 protrude at zusammengekuppelten containers 13 in corresponding slots in corner fittings of the superposed container 13 inside. The lower central portion 20 of the housing 14 projects in the arrangement of the twistlock 10 between the bottom foundation 12 and the lower container 13 of a container stack in a longitudinal direction 21 extending Slot 22 in an upper foundation plate 23 of the bottom foundation 12 in ( Fig. 5 ). However, the upper center piece 19 is formed only slightly smaller than the slot in the corner fitting of the respective container 13th For reasons described below significantly longer than the middle piece 20 under the housing 14 of the twistlock 10. Die Langloch 22 ist in der Bodenfundamentplatte 23 des Bodenfundaments 12 ausgebildet , so that the middle piece 19 substantially fills a slot in the corner fitting of the container 13.

Der Verriegelungsbolzen 16 setzt sich zusammen aus einem im Wesentlichen zylindrischen Mittelteil 24 und zwei Querriegeln 25 und 26. Der Verriegelungsbolzen 16 ist einstückig ausgebildet, wozu die Querriegel 25 und 26 an gegenüberliegenden Enden des Mitteilteils 24 angeformt sind. Mit dem Mittelteil 24 ist der Verriegelungsbolzen 16 in einer Durchgangsbohrung des Gehäuses 14 um seine Mittelachse 15 drehbar gelagert. Verdreht wird der Verriegelungsbolzen 16 durch einen seitlich aus dem Widerlager 18 mit einem Betätigungsende herausragenden Betätigungshebel 17. Die beiden Querriegel 25 und 26 ragen aus gegenüberliegenden Enden des Gehäuses 14 heraus. Die Querriegel 25 und 26 befinden sich dadurch oberhalb des jeweiligen Mittelstücks 19 und 20, wodurch sie in den jeweiligen Eckbeschlag bzw. das Bodenfundament 12 eintauchen können. Dazu befindet sich mindestens ein Querriegel 25 und 26 in Deckung mit dem Mittelstück 19 bzw. 20. Durch entsprechendes Verdrehen des Verriegelungsbolzens 16 durch den Betätigungshebel 17 gelangen beide Querriegel 25 oder 26 außer Deckung mit den Mittelstücken 19 und 20. Dadurch können die Querriegel 25 und 26 mit gegenüberliegenden Endbereichen von innen die Langlöcher in den Eckbeschlägen der Container 13 oder die Fundamentplatte 23 des Bodenfundaments 12 hintergreifen (Fig. 5).The locking pin 16 is composed of a substantially cylindrical central portion 24 and two cross bars 25 and 26. The locking pin 16 is integrally formed, to which the crossbars 25 and 26 are integrally formed at opposite ends of the Mitteilteils 24. With the central part 24 of the locking pin 16 is rotatably mounted in a through hole of the housing 14 about its central axis 15. The locking bolt 16 is rotated by a laterally protruding from the abutment 18 with an actuating end actuating lever 17. The two crossbars 25 and 26 protrude from opposite ends of the housing 14. The cross bars 25 and 26 are thereby above the respective centerpiece 19 and 20, whereby they can dive into the respective Eckbeschlag or the ground foundation 12. For this purpose, at least one cross bar 25 and 26 in coincidence with the middle piece 19 and 20. By corresponding rotation of the locking bolt 16 by the actuating lever 17 both cross bar 25 or 26 reach out of alignment with the middle pieces 19 and 20. Thus, the crossbar 25 and 26 with opposite end portions of the inside of the slots in the corner fittings of the container 13 or the foundation plate 23 of the bottom foundation 12 engage behind ( Fig. 5 ).

Moderne Containerschiffe 11 sind so ausgelegt, dass sie sich im Seegang innerhalb festgelegter Grenzen elastisch verformen. Ein solches Containerschiff 11 verwindet sich insbesondere in Längsschiffsrichtung 21, wird also praktisch um die Längsschiffsachse tordiert. In der Fig. 1 ist schematisch (zu Darstellungszwecken übertrieben) dargestellt, wie sich Lukendeckel 27 an Deck des Schiffs infolge der Verwindung des Containerschiffs 11 verziehen. In der Fig. 1 sind strich-punkt-liniert die Umrisse verzogener Lukendeckel 27 gezeigt. Die ursprünglich eine rechteckförmige Grundfläche aufweisenden Lukendeckel 27 verfügen dann über eine rautenförmige Grundfläche, wobei die parallel zur Längsschiffsrichtung 21 verlaufenden Längsseiten 28 der Lukendeckel 27 sich gegensinnig verschieben.Modern container ships 11 are designed so that they deform elastically in the sea within predetermined limits. Such a container ship 11 winds in particular in the longitudinal direction of the ship 21, so it is virtually twisted around the nave axis. In the Fig. 1 is schematically (exaggerated for illustrative purposes) shown how hatch cover 27 forgiven on deck of the ship due to the twisting of the container ship 11. In the Fig. 1 the outlines of warped hatch cover 27 are shown in dot-dash lines. The hatch cover 27 originally having a rectangular base surface then has a diamond-shaped base surface, the parallel to the Longitudinal direction 21 extending longitudinal sides 28 of the hatch cover 27 move in opposite directions.

In der Fig. 1 ist symbolisch ein an Deck des Containerschiffs 11 gestauter Container 13, bei dem es sich beispielsweise um einen 40'-Container handelt, dargestellt. Dieser Container 13 ist außenseitig gestaut, liegt also in der Nähe einer Bordwand 29 des Containerschiffs 11. Der unterste Container 13 des in der Nähe der Bordwand 29 liegenden Containerstapels ist durch die Twistlocks 10 mit nur symbolisch in der Fig. 1 dargestellten Bodenfundamenten 12 verbunden. Dabei befinden sich die Bodenfundamente 12 der in Längsschiffsrichtung 21 aufeinanderfolgenden Ecken des Containers 13 auf einem der Lukendeckel 27, während die außenseitigen Ecken des Containers 13 mit Bodenfundamenten 12 verbunden sind, die neben den Lukendeckeln 27 auf einem nicht gezeigten Längssüll des Containerschiffs 11 sich befinden.In the Fig. 1 is symbolically a stowed on deck of container ship 11 container 13, which is, for example, a 40 'container shown. This container 13 is jammed on the outside, so it is in the vicinity of a side wall 29 of the container ship 11. The bottom container 13 of lying near the side wall 29 container stack is by the twistlocks 10 with only symbolically in the Fig. 1 connected bottom foundations 12 connected. In this case, the bottom foundations 12 of the longitudinal direction of the ship 21 consecutive corners of the container 13 on one of the hatch cover 27, while the outside corners of the container 13 are connected to ground foundations 12, which are next to the hatch covers 27 on a longitudinal envelope of the container ship 11, not shown.

Die Fig. 1 verdeutlicht symbolsch, wie durch den Verzug der Lukendeckel 27 die darauf befindlichen Bodenfundamente 12 ihre Lage in Längsschiffsrichtung 21 verändern, sich nämlich vor- oder zurückbewegen. Dabei würde es zu einer Mitnahme aller Container 13 des jeweiligen Containerstapels in Längsschiffsrichtung 21 oder gegen die Längsschiffsrichtung 21 kommen, wie das symbolisch in der Fig. 1 angedeutet ist. Um diese Mitnahme zu verhindern, weisen insbesondere die Bodenfundamente 12, und zwar sowohl die Bodenfundamente 12 auf dem jeweiligen Lukendeckel 27 als auch auf dem Längssüll, sich in Längsschiffsrichtung 21 erstreckende Langlöcher 22 auf, die wesentlich länger sind als das sich in Längsschiffsrichtung 21 erstreckende Maß des Mittelstücks 20 unter dem Widerlager 18 des Twistlocks 10 (vgl. Fig. 6 und 7). Das gilt sowohl für die Bodenfundamente 12 auf dem jeweiligen Lukendeckel 27 als auch auf dem Längssüll.The Fig. 1 illustrates symbolsch, as by the delay of the hatch cover 27, the ground foundations thereon 12 change their position in the longitudinal direction of the ship 21, namely move forward or backward. In this case, all containers 13 of the respective container stack would be entrained in the longitudinal direction 21 or against the longitudinal direction 21, as shown symbolically in FIG Fig. 1 is indicated. In order to prevent this entrainment, in particular have the ground foundations 12, both the ground foundations 12 on the respective hatch cover 27 and on the longitudinal envelope, extending in the longitudinal direction 21 elongated holes 22, which are substantially longer than that in the longitudinal direction 21 extending measure of the center piece 20 under the abutment 18 of the twistlock 10 (see. 6 and 7 ). This applies both to the ground foundations 12 on the respective hatch cover 27 and on the longitudinal waste.

Üblicherweise können die Längsränder der Lukendeckel 27 sich in Längsschiffsrichtung 21 und auch gegen die Längsschiffsrichtung 21 um jeweils 60 mm verziehen. Die Bodenfundamente 12 auf dem Lukendeckel 27 können sich also um 60 mm in Längsschiffsrichtung 21 und 60 mm gegen die Längsschiffsrichtung 21 gegenüber den Bodenfundamenten 12 auf dem Längssüll verschieben. Demzufolge sind die Langlöcher 20 in den Bodenfundamentplatten 23 der Bodenfundamente 12 auf dem jeweiligen Lukendeckel 27 und auch auf dem Längssüll um 60 mm länger als die Mittelstücke 20 der Twistlocks 10. Die entsprechend verlängerten Langlöcher 22 in den Fundamentplatten 23 der Bodenfundamente 12 gleichen also einen Verzug der Lukendeckel 27 durch eine in Längsschiffsrichtung 21 erfolgende Verwindung des Containerschiffs 11 aus. Dieser Ausgleich des Verzugs der Lukendeckel 27 erfordert eine Relatiwerschiebung der Bodenfundamente 12 unter den untersten Container 13 jedes Containerstapels. Da die Twistlocks 10 unter den unteren Eckbeschlägen des untersten Containers 13 im Wesentlichen unverschiebbar gehalten sind, weil das sich über dem Widerlager 18 befindliche Mittelstück 19 das Langloch im unteren Eckbeschlag des unteren Containers 13 im Wesentlichen ausfüllt, kommt es zu einer Verschiebung der Fundamentplatte 23 des Bodenfundaments 12 unter dem Widerlager 18 des Twistlocks 10. Es reiben dadurch die metallischen Oberflächen des Widerlagers 18 und der Fundamentplatte 23 im Bodenfundament 12 insbesondere in Längsschiffsrichtung 21 gegeneinander. Das führt zu einem natürlichen Verschleiß. Da es sich bei den Twistlocks 10 um lose Teile handelt, ist die Materialpaarung zwischen dem Gehäuse 14 der Twistlocks 10 und der Fundamentplatte 23 des Bodenfundaments 12 so gewählt, dass die Fundamentplatte 23 härter ist und damit nicht nennenswert verschleißt. Die Folge ist, dass die sich an der Unterseite des Widerlagers 18 des Gehäuses 14 des Twistlocks 10 befindliche untere Anlagefläche 30 des Widerlagers 18 auf der Fundamentplatte 23 des Bodenfundaments 12 verschleißt. Es handelt sich dabei um einen gezielt am Twistlock 10 herbeigeführten Verschleiß, weil dieses leichter auswechselbar ist als die Fundamentplatte 23 des fest mit dem Containerschiff 11 verbundenen Bodenfundaments 12.Usually, the longitudinal edges of the hatch cover 27 can warp in the longitudinal direction of the ship 21 and also against the longitudinal direction of the ship 21 by 60 mm. The ground foundations 12 on the hatch cover 27 can thus move by 60 mm in the longitudinal direction of the ship 21 and 60 mm against the longitudinal vessel direction 21 with respect to the ground foundations 12 on the longitudinal waste. Accordingly, the slots 20 in the bottom foundation plates 23 of the bottom foundations 12 on the respective hatch cover 27 and also on the longitudinal waste by 60 mm longer than the middle pieces 20 of the twistlocks 10. The correspondingly elongated slots 22 in the foundation plates 23rd The ground foundations 12 thus compensate for a delay of the hatch cover 27 by a taking place in the longitudinal direction of the ship 21 twisting of the container ship 11. This compensation of the delay of the hatch cover 27 requires Relatiwerschiebung the bottom foundations 12 under the lowest container 13 of each container stack. Since the twistlocks 10 are held substantially immovable under the lower corner fittings of the lowermost container 13, because the located above the abutment 18 centerpiece 19 substantially fills the slot in the lower corner fitting of the lower container 13, there is a displacement of the foundation plate 23 of Soil bases 12 under the abutment 18 of the twistlock 10. It thereby rub the metallic surfaces of the abutment 18 and the foundation plate 23 in the ground foundation 12 in particular in the longitudinal direction of the ship 21 against each other. This leads to a natural wear. Since the twistlocks 10 are loose parts, the material pairing between the housing 14 of the twistlocks 10 and the foundation plate 23 of the bottom foundation 12 is chosen so that the foundation plate 23 is harder and thus does not wear appreciably. The result is that the lower bearing surface 30 of the abutment 18 located on the underside of the abutment 18 of the housing 14 of the twistlock 10 wears on the foundation plate 23 of the base foundation 12. This is a deliberately caused on the twistlock 10 wear, because this is easier to replace than the foundation plate 23 of the firmly connected to the container ship 11 ground foundation 12th

Da das Widerlager 18 des Twistlocks 10 die Mittelstücke 19 und 20 hält, die eine Sicherung der übereinander gestapelten Container 13 gegen Horizontalverschiebung herbeiführen, ist ein Verschleiß des Widerlagers 18 nur in einem bestimmten Umfange zuverlässig. Die Dicke des Widerlagers 18 darf deshalb eine gewisse Mindestdicke 31 nicht unterschreiten, damit das Twistlock 10 in der Lage ist, Zurrkräfte aufzunehmen, die zur zuverlässigen Sicherung der Container 13 an Bord des Containerschiffs 11 mindestens erforderlich sind. Um einfach und zuverlässig sichtbar zu machen, ob das Widerlager 18 des Twistlocks 10 noch über die geforderte Mindestdicke 31 verfügt, weist das Twistlock 10 mindestens ein entsprechendes Detektionsmittel auf. In den gezeigten Ausführungsbeispielen sind zwei Detektionsmittel vorgesehen, ohne dass hierauf die Erfindung eingeschränkt ist. Es reicht ein einziges Detektionsmittel pro Twistlock 10, wobei aber auch mehr als zwei Detektionsmittel vorgesehen sein können.Since the abutment 18 of the twistlock 10 holds the middle pieces 19 and 20, which bring about a backup of the stacked container 13 against horizontal displacement, wear of the abutment 18 is reliable only to a certain extent. The thickness of the abutment 18 must therefore not fall below a certain minimum thickness 31, so that the twistlock 10 is able to accommodate lashing forces that are at least necessary for reliable securing of the container 13 on board the container ship 11. In order to easily and reliably make visible whether the abutment 18 of the twistlock 10 still has the required minimum thickness 31, the twistlock 10 has at least one corresponding detection means. In the exemplary embodiments shown, two detection means are provided, without the invention being restricted thereto. It suffices a single detection means per twistlock 10, but also more than two detection means can be provided.

Die Fig. 2 bis 8 zeigen eine erste Art Detektionsmittel, die als längliche Nuten 32 ausgebildet sind. Zwei gleiche längliche Nuten 32 sind einer Unterseite des Widerlagers 14 zugeordnet, und zwar auf gegenüberliegenden Seiten des Verriegelungsbolzens 16. Dazu gehen die Nuten 32 aus von der unteren Anlagefläche 30 des Widerlagers 18 (Fig. 8). Die gezeigten Nuten 32 verfügen über einen etwa trapezförmigen Querschnitt. Ein am Boden der jeweiligen Nut 32 sich befindender Nutengrund 33 ist eben ausgebildet. Der Nutengrund 33 verläuft mit parallelem Abstand zur unteren Anlagefläche 30. Dieser Abstand ist so gewählt, dass der Abstand des Nutengrunds 33 von der nicht oder weniger verschleißenden oberen Anlagefläche 34, worauf sich der untere Eckbeschlag des unteren Containers 13 des jeweiligen Containerstapels abstützt, der Mindestdicke 31 des Widerlagers 18 entspricht. Zur besseren Sichtbarmachung der Nut 32 ist mindestens der Nutengrund 33, vorzugsweise aber das gesamte Innere der Nut 32, mit einem Farbüberzug 35 versehen. Der Farbüberzug 35 kann von einer farbigen Lackschicht gebildet sein. Diese Lackschicht verfügt vorzugsweise über gut wahrnehmbare Farbe, beispielsweise eine Signalfarbe. Um den Farbüberzug 35 sinnfällig zu machen, kann dieser grün sein.The Fig. 2 to 8 show a first type of detection means, which are formed as elongated grooves 32. Two equal elongated grooves 32 are assigned to a lower side of the abutment 14, on opposite sides of the locking bolt 16. For this purpose, the grooves 32 extend from the lower abutment surface 30 of the abutment 18 (FIG. Fig. 8 ). The grooves 32 shown have an approximately trapezoidal cross-section. A groove base 33 located at the bottom of the respective groove 32 is planar. The groove base 33 extends at a parallel distance from the lower contact surface 30. This distance is selected so that the distance of the groove base 33 from the no or less wearing upper contact surface 34, whereupon the lower corner fitting of the lower container 13 of the respective container stack is supported, the minimum thickness 31 of the abutment 18 corresponds. For better visualization of the groove 32 is at least the groove bottom 33, but preferably the entire interior of the groove 32, provided with a color coating 35. The color coating 35 may be formed by a colored lacquer layer. This lacquer layer preferably has a readily perceivable color, for example a signal color. To make the color coating 35 clear, it can be green.

Bei dem beschriebenen Twistlock 10 sind die als Detektionsmittel dienenden Nuten 32 in der unteren Anlagefläche 30 des Widerlagers 18 sichtbar. Die Person, die das Twistlock 10 verwendet, erkennt daran, dass das Widerlager 18 (noch) über eine ausreichende Dicke verfügt, also die Mindestdicke 31 übersteigt. Insbesondere wenn mindestens der Nutengrund 33 farblich hervorgehoben ist, wird die Einsatzfähigkeit des Twistlocks sofort deutlich. Wenn die Farbe der Nuten 32 grün ist, signalisiert das der das Twistlock 10 handhabenden Person nach Art einer Ampel die Zulässigkeit eines Einsatzes dieses Twistlocks 10. Mit zunehmenden Verschleiß des Widerlagers 18 wird es von der unteren Anlagefläche 30 her dünner. Demzufolge nimmt die Tiefe der Nuten 32 ab. Dabei bleiben die Nuten 32 aber immer noch sichtbar. Erst wenn das Widerlager 18 soweit abgeschliffen ist, dass es die Mindestdicke 31 erreicht oder überschritten hat, sind auch die Nuten 32 weggeschliffen und mithin nicht mehr sichtbar. Dann ist auch die Farbe, insbesondere die grüne Farbe, der Nuten 32 nicht mehr vorhanden. Daran kann die mit dem Zurren der Container 13 beauftragte Person eindeutig die Unzulässigkeit des weiteren Einsatzes des Twistlocks 10 erkennen und dieses gegen ein anderes Twistlock 10 mit noch vorhandenen Nuten 32 austauschen.In the described twistlock 10 serving as detection means grooves 32 in the lower abutment surface 30 of the abutment 18 are visible. The person using the twistlock 10 recognizes that the abutment 18 (still) has a sufficient thickness, that is, exceeds the minimum thickness 31. In particular, when at least the groove bottom 33 is highlighted in color, the operational capability of the twistlock is immediately apparent. When the color of the grooves 32 is green, the person handling the twistlock 10 signals the admissibility of an insert of this twistlock 10 in the manner of a traffic light. As the abutment 18 becomes worn, it becomes thinner from the lower abutment surface 30. As a result, the depth of the grooves 32 decreases. However, the grooves 32 still remain visible. Only when the abutment 18 is ground down so far that it has reached or exceeded the minimum thickness 31, the grooves 32 are ground away and therefore no longer visible. Then the color, especially the green color, the grooves 32 is no longer available. The person responsible for lashing the container 13 can clearly recognize the inadmissibility of the further use of the twistlock 10 and exchange it for another twistlock 10 with still existing grooves 32.

Die Fig. 9 zeigt ein Twistlock 10 nach einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung. Dieses Twistlock 10 unterscheidet sich nur hinsichtlich der Gestaltung des Detektionsmittels vom Twistlock 10 der Fig. 1 bis 8. Bei dieser Ausgestaltung des Twistlocks 10 sind die Detektionsmittel als Vertiefungen ausgebildet, die von der oberen, weniger oder gar nicht verschleißenden Anlagefläche 34 des Widerlagers 18 ausgehen. Bei diesen Vertiefungen handelt es sich um Sacklöcher 36. Die Anzahl der Sacklöcher 36 kann beliebig sein. Es reicht sogar ein einziges Sackloch 36. Jedes Sackloch 36 verfügt über eine ebene Bodenfläche 37, die parallel zu beiden Anlagenflächen 30 und 34 verläuft. Die Bodenfläche 37 des Sacklochs 36 endet vor der verschleißenden unteren Anlagefläche 30 mit einem Abstand, der dem Maß des zulässigen Verschleißes des Widerlagers 18 entspricht. Mit anderen Worten beträgt die Tiefe jedes Sacklochs 36 der Mindestdicke 31 des Widerlagers 18.The Fig. 9 shows a twistlock 10 according to a second embodiment of the invention. This twistlock 10 differs only in terms of the design of the detection means of the twistlock 10 of Fig. 1 to 8 , In this embodiment of the twistlock 10, the detection means are formed as depressions, which emanate from the upper, less or no wear at all wear surface 34 of the abutment 18. These depressions are blind holes 36. The number of blind holes 36 can be arbitrary. It even reaches a single blind hole 36. Each blind hole 36 has a flat bottom surface 37 which extends parallel to both contact surfaces 30 and 34. The bottom surface 37 of the blind hole 36 terminates before the wear-bearing lower contact surface 30 with a distance corresponding to the extent of the permissible wear of the abutment 18. In other words, the depth of each blind hole 36 is the minimum thickness 31 of the abutment 18.

Wenn das Widerlager 18 ausgehend von der unteren Anlagefläche 30 soweit verschlissen ist, dass die Mindestdicke 31 des Widerlagers 18 erreicht ist, sind die Bodenflächen 37 der Sacklöcher 36 weggeschliffen, sodass aus den Sacklöchern 36 Durchgangsbohrungen entstehen. Diese zeigen der das Twistlock 10 verwendende Person zuverlässig visuell das Erreichen und Überschreiten der Mindestdicke 31 des Widerlagers 18 an, sodass das Twistlock 10 gegen ein anderes ausgetauscht werden kann.If the abutment 18 is worn from the lower contact surface 30 so far that the minimum thickness 31 of the abutment 18 is reached, the bottom surfaces 37 of the blind holes 36 are ground away, so that from the blind holes 36 through holes. These reliably reliably indicate to the person using the twistlock 10 that the minimum thickness 31 of the abutment 18 has been reached and exceeded, so that the twistlock 10 can be exchanged for another one.

Die Fig. 9 zeigt eine Weiterbildung des Twistlocks 10, die darin besteht, dass in jedem Sackloch 36 eine Füllung 38 angeordnet ist. Die Füllung 38 befindet sich auf der Bodenfläche 37 jedes Sacklochs 36. Bei der Füllung 38 kann es sich um ein farbiges Material handeln, beispielsweise ein roten Kunststoff. Die Füllung 38 erstreckt sich nur über einen Teil der Tiefe des jeweiligen Sacklochs 36. Oberhalb der Füllung 38 ist jedes Sackloch 36 ausgefüllt mit einer Abdeckung 39. Diese Abdeckung 39 ist aus einem Material gebildet, das der Farbe des üblicherweise metallischen Gehäuses 14 zur Bildung des Widerlagers 18 entspricht. Beispielsweise kann es sich um Blei, Zinn oder ein sonstiges leicht schmelzbares metallfarbenes Material handeln. Es kann die Abdeckung 39 für jedes Sackloch 36 aber auch aus einem metallfarbig eingefärbten Kunststoff gebildet sein.The Fig. 9 shows a development of the twistlock 10, which consists in that in each blind hole 36, a filling 38 is arranged. The filling 38 is located on the bottom surface 37 of each blind hole 36. The filling 38 may be a colored material, for example a red plastic. The filling 38 extends only over a part of the depth of the respective blind hole 36. Above the filling 38, each blind hole 36 is filled with a cover 39. This cover 39 is formed of a material which is the color of the usually metallic housing 14 to form the Abutment 18 corresponds. For example, it may be lead, tin or any other easily fusible metal-colored material. It may be the cover 39 for each blind hole 36 but also formed of a colored metallic plastic.

Die Abdeckungen 39 verdecken die farbigen Füllungen 39 in den Sacklöchern 36. Beim noch einsatzfähigen Twistlock 10 ist deshalb weder auf der unteren Anlagefläche 30 noch auf der oberen Anlagefläche 34 die als Detektionsmittel dienende farbige Füllung 38 sichtbar. Erst wenn das Widerlager 18 soweit abgeschliffen ist, dass es nur noch die Mindestdicke 31 aufweist, werden an der unteren Anlagefläche 30 die farbigen Füllungen 38 in den Sacklöchern 36 sichtbar. Insbesondere wenn die Füllungen 38 eine rote Farbe aufweisen, signalisiert das nach Art einer Verkehrsampel die nicht mehr zulässige Verwendung des Twistlocks 10, weil das Widerlager 18 eine Dicke aufweist, die der Mindestdicke 31 entspricht oder sogar schon geringer ist. Aufgrund der unterschrittenen Mindestdicke 31 würde das Twistlock 10 die vorgeschriebene Festigkeit nicht mehr aufweisen, sodass es gegen ein neues Twistlock 10 oder ein solches, bei dem das Widerlager 18 noch über die Mindestdicke 31 verfügt, auszutauschen ist.The covers 39 hide the colored fillings 39 in the blind holes 36. When the twistlock 10 is still usable, therefore, neither the lower contact surface 30 nor the upper contact surface 34 serves as the colored filling 38 serving as a detection means visible, noticeable. Only when the abutment 18 is ground down so far that it only has the minimum thickness 31, the colored fillings 38 in the blind holes 36 are visible on the lower contact surface 30. In particular, when the fillings 38 have a red color, this signals in the manner of a traffic light the no longer permissible use of the twistlock 10 because the abutment 18 has a thickness which corresponds to the minimum thickness 31 or even lower. Due to the undershot minimum thickness 31, the twistlock 10 would no longer have the prescribed strength, so that it has to be exchanged for a new twistlock 10 or one in which the abutment 18 still has the minimum thickness 31.

Die Erfindung eignet sich nicht nur für die zuvor beschriebenen Twistlocks 10; vielmehr für alle üblicherweise zum Stauen von Containern 13 an Bord von Schiffen, und zwar nicht nur Containerschiffen 11, eingesetzte Kuppelstücke. Das können neben Twistlocks 10 Staustücke sein, die nur zur Sicherung der Container 13 gegen horizontales Verschieben dienen, die Container 13 aber nicht in vertikaler Richtung zusammenkuppeln. Auch eignet sich die Erfindung für Kuppelstücke, die zwar auch zum Zusammenkuppeln übereinander gestapelte Container dienen, diese also auch in vertikaler Richtung verbinden, aber keine verdrehbaren Querriegel aufweisen und somit nicht als Twistlocks zu bezeichnen sind. Es handelt sich hierbei um sogenannte Stacker oder auch Fixing cones, die ebenfalls über ein Widerlager 18 zwischen zwei übereinander gestapelten Containern oder ein Bodenfundament 12 unter dem Container 13 eines Containerstapels dienen. Schließlich kann die Erfindung auch bei Doppelstaustöcken Verwendung finden, die z. B. zwischen zwei kurzen 20' Containern angeordnet werden, um diese zu einer 40' Containereinheit zu verbinden. Diese verfügen über ein längliches, plattenartiges Widerlager, das sich zwischen übereinanderliegenden Eckbeschlägen an benachbarten Stirnseiten hintereinander liegender Container erstreckt.The invention is not only suitable for the previously described twistlocks 10; Rather, for all usually for stowing containers 13 on board ships, not only container ships 11, used dome pieces. This can be next to Twistlocks 10 stowage pieces, which serve only to secure the container 13 against horizontal displacement, the container 13 but do not couple together in the vertical direction. Also, the invention is suitable for coupling pieces, which also serve for coupling together stacked containers, so they also connect in the vertical direction, but have no rotatable crossbar and thus are not to be described as twistlocks. These are so-called stackers or fixing cones, which also serve via an abutment 18 between two stacked containers or a bottom foundation 12 under the container 13 of a container stack. Finally, the invention can also be used in double bumps, the z. B. between two short 20 'containers are arranged to connect them to a 40' container unit. These have an elongated, plate-like abutment which extends between superimposed corner fittings on adjacent end faces of successive containers.

Die erfindungsgemäß vorgesehenen Detektionsmittel können prinzipiell bei allen zur Zurrung von Containern verwendeten Kuppelstücken vorgesehen sein, und zwar unabhängig davon, wo die Container 13 an Bord des Schiffs gestaut sind und welche Größe sie aufweisen.The inventively provided detection means can be provided in principle for all coupling pieces used for lashing of containers, regardless of where the containers 13 are stowed on board the ship and what size they have.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1010
Twistlocktwistlock
1111
ContainerschiffContainer Ship
1212
Bodenfundamentfloor foundation
1313
ContainerContainer
1414
Gehäusecasing
1515
Mittelachsecentral axis
1616
Verriegelungsbolzenlocking bolt
1717
Betätigungshebelactuating lever
1818
Widerlagerabutment
1919
Mittelstückcenterpiece
2020
Mittelstückcenterpiece
2121
LängsschiffsrichtungNave direction
2222
LanglochLong hole
2323
Fundamentplattefoundation plate
2424
Mittelteilmidsection
2525
Querriegelcrossbars
2626
Querriegelcrossbars
2727
Lukendeckelhatch cover
2828
Längsseitelong side
2929
Bordwandtailboard
3030
Anlagefläche (untere)Contact surface (lower)
3131
Mindestdickeminimum thickness
3232
Nutgroove
3333
Nutengrundgroove base
3434
Anlagefläche (obere)Contact surface (upper)
3535
Farbüberzugcolor coating
3636
Sacklochblind
3737
Bodenflächefloor area
3838
Füllungfilling
3939
Abdeckungcover

Claims (11)

  1. Coupling component for stowing containers (13) on board ships, in particular container ships (11), having an abutment (18) between containers (13) located one above the other or between a container (13) and a ship-mounted support, preferably a base foundation (12), characterized in that the abutment (18) is assigned at least one detection means which, when a minimum thickness (31) of the abutment (18) is reached as a result of wear, is either removed or becomes visible.
  2. Coupling component according to Claim 1, characterized in that at least one detection means is assigned to at least one bearing surface (30; 34), preferably just a single bearing surface (30, 34), of the abutment (18) on the corner fitting of a container (13) or on the ship-mounted support (base foundation 12).
  3. Coupling component according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the at least one detection means is assigned only to the bearing surface (30) of the abutment (18), this bearing surface, preferably a bottom bearing surface (30), being subjected to the most wear.
  4. Coupling component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the detection means is formed from at least one depression in a bearing surface (30) of the abutment (18), the depth of the depression corresponding to the extent of admissible wear to the abutment (18) until the minimum thickness (31) is reached.
  5. Coupling component according to Claim 4, characterized in that each depression is formed from a groove (32), a blind hole or a peripheral shoulder in the bearing surface (30) of the abutment (18), and the respective depression, in particular the groove (32) or the like, is preferably coloured or provided with colour.
  6. Coupling component according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the detection means is formed from at least one depression which starts from the bearing surface (34), which is subjected to a lesser amount of wear, if any at all, and terminates at a distance from the bottom bearing surface (30), which is subjected to wear.
  7. Coupling component according to Claim 6, characterized in that the depression terminates at a location which is spaced apart from the bearing surface (30), which is subjected to wear, by a distance which corresponds to the extent of wear to the abutment (18) until the minimum thickness (31) is reached.
  8. Coupling component according to Claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the respective depression is designed as a blind hole (36) of which the depth corresponds to the minimum thickness (31) of the abutment (18), the respective blind hole (36) preferably having a planar base surface (37).
  9. Coupling component according to Claim 8, characterized in that the blind hole (36) is provided, at least in part, with a coloured filling (38).
  10. Coupling component according to Claim 9, characterized in that the filling (38) in the blind hole (36) is provided, at its end which is oriented in the direction of the top bearing surface (34), with a covering (39) which is preferably approximately the same colour as the abutment (18).
  11. Coupling component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the abutment (18) is assigned a plurality of depressions of different depths, at least one depression extending as far as the minimum thickness (31) of the abutment (18), while the other depressions are dimensioned differently such that they are either eliminated or become visible before the minimum thickness (31) of the abutment (18) is reached.
EP05716305A 2004-03-29 2005-03-22 Coupling part for stowing containers on board ships Not-in-force EP1730053B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102004016278A DE102004016278A1 (en) 2004-03-29 2004-03-29 Coupling piece for stowing containers on board ships
PCT/EP2005/003060 WO2005097627A1 (en) 2004-03-29 2005-03-22 Coupling part for stowing containers on board ships

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EP1730053A1 EP1730053A1 (en) 2006-12-13
EP1730053B1 true EP1730053B1 (en) 2008-08-27

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AT (1) ATE406328T1 (en)
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US11958682B2 (en) 2022-07-21 2024-04-16 Steven B. Hunter Automatic container interlock apparatus and methods of use

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3613538A1 (en) * 1986-04-22 1987-10-29 Conver Osr Ozean Service Repar Coupling piece
DE3842832A1 (en) * 1988-12-20 1990-06-21 Peter Behr Profile
AUPN857796A0 (en) * 1996-03-11 1996-04-04 Nyholm, Ture A semi-automatic twistlock
JP3633749B2 (en) * 1997-04-24 2005-03-30 大洋製器工業株式会社 Container connector

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ATE406328T1 (en) 2008-09-15
DE502005005192D1 (en) 2008-10-09
DE102004016278A1 (en) 2005-10-20
EP1730053A1 (en) 2006-12-13
WO2005097627A1 (en) 2005-10-20

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