Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
  • D21H21/02—Agents for preventing deposition on the paper mill equipment, e.g. pitch or slime control
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
  • D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
  • D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
  • D21H17/34—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
  • D21F13/00—Making discontinuous sheets of paper, pulpboard or cardboard, or of wet web, for fibreboard production
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
  • D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
  • D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
  • D21H17/34—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D21H17/37—Polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. polyacrylates

Definitions

• the invention relates to a process for the production of paper, cardboard and cardboard by dewatering a paper material containing impurities in the presence of polymers which contain vinylamine units and which have an average molecular weight M w of at least 1 million.
• EP-A-0438 707 describes a process for the production of paper, cardboard and cardboard by dewatering a paper material containing interfering substances in the presence of hydrolyzed homo- and / or copolymers of N-vinylformamide with a degree of hydrolysis of at least 60% as fixative and cationic Retention agents known.
• the polymers used as fixatives have a Fikentscher K value of 30 to 150 (measured in 5% aqueous sodium chloride solution at a polymer concentration of 0.5% by weight and a temperature of 25 ° C).
• paper, cardboard and cardboard are produced by dewatering a paper material containing impurities in the presence of polymers which contain vinylformamide and vinylamine units and which have a Fikentscher K value of at least 130 (determined in FIG. 5 wt .-% aqueous saline solution at 25 ° C and a polymer concentration of 0.1 wt .-%).
• the average molecular weight M w of the polymers used in the examples is above 1 million.
• the polymers are accessible, for example, by hydrolysis of homopolymers of N-vinylformamide. The degree of hydrolysis of the polymers is less than 10 mol%.
• the hydrolyzed polymers are used as drainage, retention and flocculants a thin material (consistency of, for example, 0.4 or 0.5 wt .-%) in amounts of 0.002 to 0.1 wt .-%, each based on dry paper stock.
• WO-A-98/48112 a process for the production of paper, cardboard and cardboard is known, wherein a paper material containing impurities is present in the presence of a fixing agent from a 25 to 55% hydrolyzed homo- or copolymer of N-vinylformamide with a K value according to Fikentscher from 30 to 150 (determined in 1% by weight aqueous solution at 25 ° C.) and a retention aid.
• a fixing agent from a 25 to 55% hydrolyzed homo- or copolymer of N-vinylformamide with a K value according to Fikentscher from 30 to 150 (determined in 1% by weight aqueous solution at 25 ° C.) and a retention aid.
• the invention has for its object to minimize or eliminate the above-mentioned deposit problems in the paper machine in the processing of paper materials containing interfering substances, in particular in the reuse of coated scrap.
• the object is achieved according to the invention with a process for the production of paper, cardboard and cardboard by dewatering a pulp containing impurities having a molecular weight M w of at least 1 million, if a thick substance is first prepared, at least one polymer containing vinylamine units with an average molecular weight M w of dosed at least 1 million and a degree of hydrolysis of 1 to 20 mol% in the thick matter, dilute the thick matter by adding water to a thin substance and dewatered the thin substance.
• the consistency of the thick stock is, for example, more than 2% by weight based on dry paper stock.
• the degree of hydrolysis of the polymers is in most cases from 3 to 15 mol%.
• a thick material with a consistency of 3.0 to 6.0% by weight, based on dry paper stock, and polymers containing vinylamine units with a degree of hydrolysis of 5 to 12 mol% are preferably used.
• the consistency of the thick stock is preferably 3.5 to 4.5% by weight, based on dry paper stock.
• the thick stock is converted into a so-called thin stock by adding water, which has a material concentration below 1.5% by weight, based on dry paper stock.
• the concentration of the thin material is usually below 1.2% by weight, for example 0.5 to 1.1% by weight, preferably 0.6 to 0.9% by weight, in each case based on dry paper stock.
• paper materials are used for the production of which all fiber qualities or mixtures of fibers come into consideration.
• water is mostly used for the production of the paper stock, which is at least partially, usually even completely recycled by the paper machine. These are either clarified or untreated white water as well as mixtures of such water qualities.
• the returned water therefore contains more or less large amounts of so-called contaminants, which are known to have a very severe effect on the effectiveness of the cationic retention and drainage agents or the "runnability" of the paper machine, cf. HL Baumgarten, Das Textil, Volume 38, Issue 10 A, pp. V121 to V125 (1984). These contaminants occur in both soluble and insoluble and colloidal forms.
• Soluble contaminants are, for example, humic acids, lignin sulfonate, silicas or wood extracts.
• Insoluble, lipophilic / hydrophobic contaminants - so-called stickies or white-pitch - come, for example, from process chemicals used in paper production, from binders for the coating of paper and cardboard, from adhesives for paper processing.
• these can be pressure sensitive adhesives, dispersion adhesives or hot melt adhesives, or also printing ink binders or made from paper processing materials. Problems with the "runnability" of the paper machine occur in particular when using waste paper and when returning coated scrap.
• larger particles for example particles with a diameter above 50 ⁇ m
• Closed water cycles in a paper machine can, however, form larger particles from smaller particles, which have a diameter of less than 50 ⁇ m and which cannot be separated by means of mechanical processes.
• This so-called secondary sticky formation leads to disturbing deposits on the wire in the paper manufacturing process -, press and dryer section of the paper machine.
• wood pulp includes wood pulp, thermomechanical fabric (TMP), chemo-thermomechanical fabric (CTMP), pressure sanding, semi-pulp, high-yield pulp and refiner mechanical pulp (RMP).
• TMP thermomechanical fabric
• CMP chemo-thermomechanical fabric
• RMP refiner mechanical pulp
• sulfate, sulfite and sodium pulps are suitable as pulp.
• Unbleached pulp which is also referred to as unbleached kraft pulp, is preferably used.
• Suitable annual plants for the production of paper materials are, for example, rice, wheat, sugar cane and kenaf.
• Waste paper is mostly used for the production of the pulps, which is used either alone or in a mixture with other fibrous materials, or fiber mixtures of a primary material and recycled coated scrap are assumed, e.g. bleached pine sulphate in a mixture with returned coated scrap.
• polymers containing vinylamine units which are obtainable by hydrolysis of homopolymers and / or copolymers of N-vinylcarboxamides, are metered into the thick stock.
• Hydrolysed homopolymers of N-vinylformamide with a degree of hydrolysis of 1 to 20 mol% are preferably used as polymers containing vinylamine units.
• the polymers in question have an average molecular weight M w of at least 1 million, mostly from 1 to 10 million daltons, preferably 1.5 to 3.5 million daltons.
• the polymers have, for example, a charge density of 0.5 to 5.0, preferably 1.5 to 3.5 meq / g.
• Polymers containing vinylamine units are known from the prior art, cf. in particular EP-A-0 438 755, page 3, line 15 to page 4, line 20, US-A-4421 602 and EP-A-0 231 901.
• the polymers can be obtained by homopolymerization or copolymerization of N-vinylcarboxamides such as N - Vinyl formamide, N-vinyl acetamide, N-ethyl-N-vinyl formamide, N-ethyl-N-vinyl acetamide, N-methyl-N-vinyl formamide, N-methyl-N-vinyl acetamide and N-vinyl propionamide. It is preferable to start from N-vinylformamide.
• Suitable comonomers for the preparation of copolymers of N-vinylformamide are in particular vinyl formate, vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, d- to C-alkyl vinyl ether, N-vinyl pyrrolidone, esters, nitriles and amides of monoethylenically unsaturated C 3 to C 5 carboxylic acids, in particular of Acrylic acid or methacrylic acid and monoethylenically unsaturated C 3 - to C 5 -carboxylic acids.
• the esters of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid are derived, for example, from alcohols with 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
• the copolymers preferably contain 95 to 10 mol% of N-vinylformamide and 5 to 90 mol% of at least one other ethylenically unsaturated monomer. Hydrolyzed polymers which can be obtained by polymerizing are preferably used
• the polymers can be polymerized by all known processes, for example they are obtained by solution polymerization in water, alcohols, ethers or dimethylformamide or in mixtures of different solvents, by precipitation polymerization, reverse suspension polymerization (polymerizing an emulsion of a monomeric aqueous phase in an oil phase) and polymerizing a water-in-water emulsion, for example in which an aqueous monomer solution is dissolved or emulsified in an aqueous phase and polymerized to form an aqueous dispersion of a water-soluble polymer, as described, for example, in WO 00/27893.
• the polymers which contain copolymerized units of N-vinylcarboxamides are partially hydrolyzed.
• the degree of hydrolysis of the vinylcarboxamide polymers is preferably 3 to 15 and in particular 5 to 12 mol%.
• the degree of hydrolysis corresponds to the polymer amine content in mol%.
• the hydrolysis is preferably carried out in the presence of an acid or a base.
• the polymers can also be hydrolyzed enzymatically.
• the corresponding ammonium salts of the polymers are formed in the hydrolysis with acids (for example mineral acids such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid or phosphoric acid, carboxylic acids such as formic acid or acetic acid or sulfonic acids or phosphonic acids), while in the hydrolysis with bases the vinylamine units of the polymers are present in the form of the free bases ,
• acids for example mineral acids such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid or phosphoric acid, carboxylic acids such as formic acid or acetic acid or sulfonic acids or phosphonic acids
• the vinylamine units of the polymers are present in the form of the free bases
• the vinyl ester units polymerized into the copolymer are partially or completely converted into vinyl alcohol units.
• the vinylamine units of the polymers can optionally be modified by converting them into the quaternization products in a known manner, for example by reacting the polymers with dimethyl sulfate.
• the polymers containing vinylamine units are metered into the thick stock in the production of paper, for example in an amount of 0.002 to 0.1% by weight, based on dry paper stock.
• the invention also relates to the use of hydrolyzed homo- or copolymers of N-vinylcarboxamides with a degree of hydrolysis of 1 to 20 mol% and an average molecular weight M w of at least 1 million in the production of paper, cardboard or cardboard as an additive to one Thick matter containing impurities to reduce deposits in the wire, press and dryer sections of paper machines.
• At least one retention agent is advantageously metered into the thin material.
• All polymeric substances described for this purpose can be used as retention agents.
• the partially hydrolyzed homopolymers of N-vinylformamide known from US Pat. No. 4,421,602 can be used as retention agents.
• the degree of hydrolysis of the polymerized N-vinylformamide units can be 1 to 100%.
• non-hydrolyzed polymers of N-vinylformamide can also be used as retention agents.
• Such polymers have, for example, K values of at least 160, preferably 180 to 300 (determined according to H. Fikentscher in 5% aqueous sodium chloride solution at 25 ° C. and a polymer concentration of 0.5% by weight).
• retention agents are, for example, polyacrylamides, which can be used in unmodified form or in cationically or anionically modified form.
• Copolymers of acrylamide or methacrylamide are cationically modified, for example, by copolymerization with dialkylaminoethyl acrylates or dialkylaminoethyl methacrylates.
• retention agents are copolymers of acrylamide and N, N-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate or copolymers of acrylamide and N, N-diethylaminoethyl acrylate.
• the basic acrylates are present, for example, in amounts of 5 to 70, preferably 8 to 40 mol% in the copolymers and are preferably in a form neutralized with acids or in quaternized form.
• the quaternization can take place, for example, with methyl chloride or dimethyl sulfate.
• Acrylamide and methacrylamide can also be anionically modified by copolymerization with monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids.
• High molecular weight copolymers of, for example, acrylamide and acrylic acid are known retention agents.
• the content of anionic comonomers in the copolymers is, for example, 5 to 50, preferably 10 to 40,% by weight.
• the cationically or anionically modified poly (meth) acrylamides have, for example, K values of at least 180 (determined according to H. Fikentscher in 5% aqueous sodium chloride solution at 25 ° C. and a polymer concentration of 0.5% by weight).
• cationic retention agents are polyethyleneimines, polyamines with molar masses of more than 50,000, polyamidoamines which are crosslinked, if appropriate, by grafting with ethyleneimine and subsequent crosslinking with, for example, polyethylene glycol dichlorohydrin ethers according to the teaching of DE-C-24 34 816 or with epichlorohydrin, polyetheramines, Polyvinylimidazoles, polyvinylimidazoles, polyvinyltetrahydropyridines, polydialkylaminoalkyl vinyl ethers, polydialkylaminoalkyl (meth) acrylates in protonated or quartemized form, polydiallyldialkylammonium halides such as in particular polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride.
• Particularly preferred retention agents are the polyamidoamines which are known from DE-C-2434816 and are grafted with ethyleneimine and then crosslinked.
• microparticle systems known from the literature consisting of high molecular weight polyacrylamides and bentonite, can also be used as retention agents, a high molecular weight cationic polyacrylamide first being added to the paper stock, the paper stock subjected to shear and then metered in bentonite. Processes of this type are the subject of, for example, EP-A-0 235 893 and EP-A-0 335 575.
• Another order of metering polymeric retention aid and inorganic particles such as bentonite is known from DE-A-102 36 252.
• Cationic retention agents are preferably used.
• the retention aids are usually used in an amount of 0.01 to 0.2% by weight, based on dry paper fabric, applied.
• the ratio of 1 to 20 mol% of polymers containing vinylamine units to be used according to the invention with molar masses of> 1 million to retention aid is, for example, 1: 2 to 5: 1.
• other conventional products can be added to the thin material in the usual amounts in the production of paper, cardboard and cardboard by the process according to the invention, e.g. Sizing agents, strengthening agents (wet and dry strengthening agents), biocides and / or dyes.
• PVAm 1 polyvinylamine with a molecular weight of 400,000 D (produced by hydrolysis of poly-N-vinylformamide, degree of hydrolysis 95 mol%)
• PVAm 2 polymer of 30 mol% vinylamine units and 70 mol% N-vinylformamide units with a molecular weight of 400,000 D (produced by partial hydrolysis of poly-N-vinylformamide)
• PVAm 3 polymer of 10 mol% vinylamine units and 90 mo% N-vinylformamide units with a molecular weight of 2 million D (produced by partial hydrolysis from poly-N-vinylformnamide)
• Wood-free coating base paper with a basis weight of 150 g / cm 2 was continuously produced on a paper machine.
• the composition of the paper stock in the mixing chest consisted of 14% bleached pine sulfate, 34% bleached birch sulfite, 21% coated scrap and 31% ground calcium carbonate, the concentration of the paper stock was 4%, based on dry paper stock.
• the capacity of the paper machine was 20 t / h.
• the finished paper contained approximately 18% ground calcium carbonate.
• the fibrous materials were fed to the mixing chest in separate strands. 400 g / t of PVAm 3, based on the coated scrap, were metered into the strand in which the coated scrap was transported.
• the one in the mixing chest Paper stock with a concentration of 4% was diluted by adding water from the paper machine circuit to a thin stock with a concentration of 0.8%, based on dry paper stock.
• the machine ran flawlessly. After a period of one month, the machine was routinely shut down and cleaned. However, the deposits on the machine were not so serious that the machine should have been parked.
• Example 1 was repeated with the only exception that instead of PVAm 3, 400 g / t of polyaluminium chloride in the form of an 18% strength aqueous solution were now metered into the strand in which the coated board was transported.
• the running properties of the machine and the quality of the paper produced are unsatisfactory. Paper production had to be interrupted after a machine run time of 3 days in order to remove annoying deposits on the wire, press and dryer sections of the machine.
• Example 1 was repeated with the only exception that instead of PVAm 3, 400 g / t of PVAm 1 were now metered into the strand in which the discarded committee was transported.
• the running properties of the machine and the quality of the paper produced are improved compared to comparison example 1, but paper production also had to be interrupted after a running time of the machine of 3 days in order to remove disruptive deposits on the wire, press and dryer sections of the machine ,
• Example 1 was repeated with the only exception that instead of PVAm 3, 400 g / t of PVAm 2 were now metered into the strand in which the discarded committee was transported.
• the running properties of the machine and the quality of the paper produced are improved compared to Comparative Example 1, but the paper production had to be interrupted after a running time of the machine of 4 days in order to remove disturbing deposits on the wire, press and dryer sections of the machine.

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