Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
  • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
  • B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
  • B66D1/60—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans adapted for special purposes
  • B66D1/74—Capstans
  • B66D1/7415—Friction drives, e.g. pulleys, having a cable winding angle of less than 360 degrees
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
  • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
  • B66B9/00—Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
  • B66B9/16—Mobile or transportable lifts specially adapted to be shifted from one part of a building or other structure to another part or to another building or structure
  • B66B9/187—Mobile or transportable lifts specially adapted to be shifted from one part of a building or other structure to another part or to another building or structure with a liftway specially adapted for temporary connection to a building or other structure

Definitions

• the invention relates to a traction sheave hoist for a stage which can be moved by means of at least two ropes, comprising a traction sheave which can be driven by a motor, on the circumference of which at least a first rope groove and a second rope groove are formed, a first pressing system for the first rope groove and a second pressing system for the second Rope groove with which the ropes wrapping around the traction sheave are pressed into the associated rope grooves during operation.
• the invention further relates to an access system for building facades and the like. with a platform which can be moved by means of at least two ropes and a traction sheave lifting mechanism which comprises a traction sheave driven by a motor and having a rope groove on the circumference for each rope.
• the simplest design of the work platforms is at both ends attached to the work platform in each case a motor-operated through-feed winch, as described in DE 35 09 920 C2 or DE 200 07 855 Ul of the applicant.
• the traction sheaves of the continuous winches have a rope groove on the circumference, into which a rope is pressed by means of a pressure system.
• the pressure system in this case comprises two pressure rollers mounted on a pivotable roller carrier and the roller carrier is pivotably suspended on a spring-loaded lever that is pretensioned in the pressure direction.
• the object of the invention is to provide a traction sheave hoist for a stage and an access system with a corresponding traction sheave hoist, which is of compact construction, can be manufactured at reasonable production costs and, due to the design, prevents the stage from being skewed.
• the traction sheave hoist which is also to be used in the access systems for the inside and outside facades of buildings, at least one of the pressure systems is assigned an adjusting device with which the position or press-in depth of the rope which can be achieved with the associated pressure system in the rope groove is controllable changeable or can be changed.
• the adjusting device is to be used to influence the pressure system in accordance with control commands, so that whenever the tilting stage occurs or could occur, this effect can be counteracted by actuating the adjusting device.
• an adjustment device is assigned to each pressure system, the adjustment devices preferably being operable in such a way that with each adjustment device the position or press-in depth of the assigned rope in its cable groove can be adjusted or changed in relation to the position or press-in depth of all other cables in their cable grooves is.
• the provision of several adjusting devices enables a significantly more variable compensation option for adjusting, differing press-in depths in the ropes and thus different effective looping diameters and lengths on the traction sheave.
• the configuration with an adjusting device assigned to each pressure system also enables, in the preferred configuration, that the single traction sheave is provided on its outer circumference with a total of four cable grooves, in which case all four cable grooves are preferably provided for receiving a supporting cable in each case.
• the pulling movement for all the necessary ropes for lifting or lowering the stage can therefore be effected with an extremely compact single traction sheave.
• each adjustment device should be controllable separately.
• the adjusting device can comprise different mechanical adjustment mechanisms in order to change the position of the pressure system.
• each adjusting device comprises a solenoid.
• a lifting system with a rotating spindle, a hydraulic or pneumatic adjusting cylinder or the like. be provided.
• each pressure system has a lever which is pivotably mounted on the housing of the traction sheave lifting gear and on which a pull rod is articulated which presses or prestresses the lever against the traction sheave by means of a compression spring. It is particularly advantageous if each pressure system comprises two pressure rollers which are rotatably mounted on a roller carrier, as detailed in DE 35 09 920, to which express reference is made in this regard.
• the adjusting device can be arranged in series with the spring and / or in series with the pull rod, so that the adjusting device thus directly influences the bias and position of the pressure system applied with the pressure spring.
• the adjusting device can therefore be used to change the resulting initial tension for the rollers of the pressure system, which is actually applied with the compression spring, and thus its absolute position. It is particularly advantageous if an evaluation and control device assigned to the adjusting devices is provided, with which the respective position or pressure position of each pressure system can be changed in a controlled manner.
• the traction sheave hoist is additionally provided with a winding device for each rope, the winding device being preferably drivable with the motor for the traction sheave of the traction sheave hoist.
• the integration of a winding device for each rope in the housing of the traction sheave jack further minimizes the installation space required.
• the integrated winding device makes it easier to arrange the traction sheave lifting mechanism on a roof trolley or a crane boom. Particularly advantageous is when the winding device has a winding drum for each rope, wherein each winding drum can be provided with external toothing, with which external toothing a drive gear wheel, which is mounted on an output shaft via a slip clutch, is in engagement.
• the drive gear is preferably formed by a clutch disc provided with external teeth.
• Two clutch disks with external teeth for driving two winding drums can be arranged in each slip clutch.
• the use of gear wheels for driving the individual winding drums leads to a good introduction of force to the drive energy in the individual winding drums.
• the slip clutch interposed between each drive gear and the output shaft it can be ensured in a comparatively simple manner that a tight winding on the cable drum is achieved at all times regardless of the current winding diameter. It is particularly advantageous to couple the output shaft to a drive shaft for the traction sheave in such a way that there is freewheeling in one direction of rotation and forced driving in the other direction of rotation.
• the freewheel between the output shaft and drive shaft in one direction of rotation ensures that the winding device is only driven when the stage is raised, while it unwinds almost without load when the stage is lowered.
• one or preferably two controllable braking devices are assigned to the output shaft in order to be able to effect an emergency lowering for the stage even if the entire electrical system fails.
• the control of the braking devices can in particular mechanically, preferably via a Bowden cable or the like. respectively.
• a sensor device for slack rope detection and / or overload detection is provided for each load rope.
• the sensor device enables slack rope and transfer at the same time sterkennung.
• it comprises a sensor arm pivotably mounted about a pivot bearing and a probe arm pivotably mounted about the pivot bearing, on which a scanning roller that is in contact with the associated cable during operation is rotatably supported about a pivot bearing, preferably the probe arm with the sensor arm is coupled via a pretensioning device, such as a pretensioning spring or a tensioning pin, which pivots the probe arm relative to the sensor arm as a function of the contact or cable forces acting on the scanning rollers.
• a pretensioning device such as a pretensioning spring or a tensioning pin
• a probe arm with a scanning roller is preferably provided for each load rope or for each rope, the sensor arms of all sensor devices being rigidly connected to one another. The connection of all sensor arms ensures that an automatic shutdown of the hoist can be realized in the event of an overload of the system, since the contact forces absorbed by the scanning rollers on the sensor arm add up, regardless of which of the ropes is loaded with which load component.
• the swivel position (s) of the probe arm can be scanned with a first, preferably two-stage or two separate switch stages and the swivel position of the sensor arm with a second switch.
• the switch scanning the pivot position of the sensor arm is used in particular for load monitoring and the switch monitoring the pivot position of the probe arm for slack rope detection.
• a ratchet wheel of a centrifugal force release device is fastened to the traction sheave, so that an automatic one if the traction sheave rotates too quickly
• the motor driving the drive pulley can be switched off.
• the actuation of the adjusting devices should also take place as a function of an external measured variable.
• different inclinations of the platform or tension states in the load cables can result during operation of the access system. Deviations in the horizontal position of the platform can be determined in the simplest way using a measuring sensor assigned to the platform, in particular an inclination sensor.
• the switching states of the slack rope detection switch are available as measurement signals. The measurement signals of the inclination sensor and the slack rope detection switch can be fed to an evaluation and control device which controls the adjustment devices for the pressure systems as a function of the measurement signals.
• a program routine can be integrated into the evaluation and control device, which executes a specific control program in accordance with the respective measurement signals.
• the measurement signal of the measurement sensor can be transmitted to the evaluation and control device in that at least one of the cables is designed as an E-conductor for signal transmission.
• Fig. 1 shows schematically a lift system according to the invention in front view
• FIG. 2 shows a schematic side view of the access system from FIG. 1;
• FIG. 3 schematically shows the functional parts of a traction sheave lifting mechanism according to the invention
• Fig. 4 schematically in a side view of the traction sheave with pressure system and adjusting device, partially broken away;
• FIG. 5 schematically shows the adjusters arranged next to one another in the traction sheave lifting mechanism according to FIG. 3;
• FIG. 6 shows a sensor device used for the overload case in the traction sheave lifting mechanism according to FIG. 3;
• FIG. 7 shows the sensor device from FIG. 6 in the switching position with a light slack rope
• FIG. 8 shows the sensor device from FIG. 6 in the switching position with a strong slack rope.
• reference numeral 100 designates an access system according to the invention, which comprises a working platform 1 which can be moved along the facade of a building (not shown) with a total of four ropes 2, 3, 4, 5.
• a traction sheave lifting mechanism 10 which comprises a traction sheave 13, which is mounted within the housing 11 and can be driven by a motor 12, is used for lifting or lowering the working platform 1 over the ropes 2, 3, 4, 5 , 5 a V-shaped rope groove 14, 15, 16, 17 has on the circumference.
• Each rope lies in its assigned rope groove and wraps around the traction sheave partially within its rope groove, partially outside the rope groove by a total of about 540 °. As can be seen schematically in FIG.
• each rope 2, 3, 4, 5 is assigned a sensor for slack rope / overload detection, designated overall by reference number 60, and a pressure system, generally designated by reference number 20. Furthermore, a winding device, generally designated by reference numeral 40, is arranged in the housing 11, with which each cable is wound within the lifting mechanism 10. With a pressure system 20 assigned to each cable, which comprises two pressure rollers 21, which are mounted on a pivotable, pretensioned lever 24, the individual cables 2, 3, 4, 5 are, as is known per se, against the flanks of the V-shaped cable grooves 14, 15, 16, 17 pressed in the traction sheave 13.
• a rotation of the traction sheave 13 therefore results in a slip-free entrainment of the ropes 2, 3, 4, 5 wrapping around the traction sheave 13 in the cable grooves. All the ropes 2, 3, 4, 5 are in the winding device 40 on a separate winding drum or round blank wound up, as will be explained.
• the four ropes 2, 3, 4, 5 are arranged such that two ropes 2, 3 on one of the side ends and the other two ropes 4, 5 on the other side end of the stage 1 are attached.
• two ropes 2, 3 and 4, respectively are prescribed at each side end of the stage 1, all ropes 2, 3, 4, 5 forming load ropes in the exemplary embodiment shown.
• only two ropes could form load ropes, while the other two ropes are safety ropes.
• the work platform 1 is provided with a schematically indicated inclination sensor 6 which detects inclined positions of the work platform 1 with respect to a horizontal orientation can.
• the measurement signals of the inclination sensor 6 can be fed to an evaluation and control device 8 arranged in or on the housing 11 of the traction sheave lifting mechanism 10.
• the signal can be transmitted via radio, via separately laid signal lines or preferably via one of the cables 2-5, for example by using one of the cables as an E-conductor at the same time.
• the overall structure of the traction sheave lifting mechanism 10 can be seen from FIG. 3.
• a drive shaft 19 With the motor 12, with the interposition of a step-up gear 18, a drive shaft 19 is driven, which is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the traction sheave 13 shown in section via the parallel key 70.
• the four wedge-shaped or V-shaped cable grooves 14, 15, 16, 17 on the outer circumference 13 'of the traction sheave can be clearly seen in FIG. 3.
• the ropes 2, 3, 4, 5 each run partially within the rope grooves 14, 15, 16, 17 and partially outside the rope grooves directly on the circumference 13 'of the traction sheave 13.
• FIG. 4 schematically shows one of the ropes, for example the rope 5, as it is behind the sensor (60, FIG. 2) Slack rope and overload detection runs into the associated rope groove 17 in the traction sheave 13.
• the rope 5 is only indicated with a short section. It first runs through a bore 71 in a cable guide device 72 and then loops around the traction sheave 13 within the cable groove 17 by approximately 270 ° to the outlet tongue 73 of the cable guide device 72. With the outlet tongue 73, the cable is lifted out of the cable groove 17 and simultaneously deflected axially to the side , It then lies against the outer circumference 13 'of the traction sheave over a wrap angle of a further 180 °.
• the pressure system 20 comprises two rollers 21 which are rotatably mounted on a common roller carrier 22 which is pivotally mounted about the pivot joint 23 on a lever 24 which can be pivoted with its right-hand end in FIG. 4 about the pivot pin 25 fixed to the housing.
• a pull rod engages at the other end of the lever 24
• This press-in depth which, based on the actual looping of the rope in the associated rope groove 17, represents the radial distance between the inside of the rope 5 and the axis of rotation of the traction sheave 13. sets, affects the stroke of the working platform (1, FIG. 1) caused by the rope when the traction sheave 13 is rotated, because the greater the distance between the inside of the rope and the axis of rotation, the greater is the rotation of the traction sheave 13 reached stroke.
• an adjusting device designated as 30 acts on, which is connected via a link chain 31 to a pin 29A on the head sleeve 29 for the compression spring 27.
• the adjusting device 30 comprises a schematically indicated lifting magnet 32 with which the free end 26A of the pull rod 26 in FIG. 4 can be lowered.
• a control of the lifting magnet 32 fixed to a housing strut 11 'of the housing of the traction sheave lifting mechanism leads to a movement of its lifting magnet tappet and of the anchor plate 34 fixedly connected to it, to which the chain 31 is articulated at its other end.
• the chain 31 only tensile forces can be transmitted to the pull rod 26 with the lifting magnet 32. Because of the chain 31 interposed between the anchor plate 34 and the head sleeve 29, this stroke is transmitted to the pull rod 26, whereby the position of the pressure rollers 21 inevitably changes.
• FIG. 5 shows that four pull rods 26 are provided side by side, the position of which can be adjusted in each case by means of a separate lifting magnet 32 and associated chain 31.
• two of the lifting magnets 32 are arranged exactly next to one another, while the other two lifting magnets 32 are attached to the housing bar 11 'of the traction sheave lifting gear at a greater distance.
• the solenoids can also be arranged differently.
• a chain other force coupling elements that only transmit tensile forces could also be used.
• one or more of the lifting magnets 32 can now be activated whenever, for example, the inclination sensor 6 indicates an inclined position of the stage 1, in order to thereby adjust the position of the associated pressure system 20A, 2OB, 20C, 20D and to influence the effective press-in depth of the associated cable in its cable groove and to counteract the inclined position of the stage by changing the press-in depth.
• Each lifting magnet 32 can be controlled independently of the other lifting magnets 32, but preferably the lifting magnets 32 are controlled as a function of the deviation of the position of the working platform that has occurred, according to an algorithm (control program routine) stored in the evaluation and control device 8. If, during operation of the access system, it turns out that a shorter stroke generally occurs on one of the ropes 2-5 than on the other ropes, the associated lifting magnet 32 can are permanently controlled in order to change the press-in depth which is brought about by the associated pressure system 20.
• each cable 2, 3, 4, 5 is deflected via a deflecting device, not shown further, increasing their distance in such a way that each cable 2, 3, 4, 5 is directed to a different winding drum 41A , 41B, 41C, 41D.
• Each of the winding drums 41A-41D has a drum side wall 45 which is provided on the outer circumference 46 with a spur gear toothing in which the toothing 47 of an associated drive gear 48 engages.
• Each drive gear 48 is coupled to an output shaft 50 with the interposition of a slip clutch 49.
• each of the two slip clutches 49 arranged on the output shaft 50 comprises two clutch disks provided with the external toothing 47 as drive gearwheels for the respective winding drums 41A-41D, whereby the slip clutches 50 ensure that each rope is wound tightly onto the individual winding drums 41A-41D ,
• the output shaft 50 is driven by the single motor 12.
• a sprocket 51 with a freewheel for the downward movement sits on the drive shaft 19, which drives a rotating drive chain 52 when the stage is moving upwards, which in turn rotates with one on the output shaft 50 via the Key 54 cooperates gear 53.
• the freewheel on the sprocket 51 ensures that the winder 40 with its winding drums 41A-41D is only driven during upward travel, ie in the direction of rotation for the traction sheave 13 in which the cables 2-5 move the working platform upwards, while at the descent, the ropes 2-5 are unwound from the winding drums 41A-41D by the weight of the platform.
• a spring pressure brake 55 is also mounted on both end journals of the output shaft 50, which serves for an emergency lowering of the stage in the event of a power failure or failure of the motor 12 and which can be released, for example, by means of a Bowden cable (not shown).
• the spring pressure brake comprises a stationary brake disc 56, the support sleeve 57 of which is mounted on the bearing 58 on the outer circumference of the output shaft 50, and a brake disc 59 which is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the output shaft 50.
• a sensor device 60 for slack rope detection and / or overload detection is arranged before the entry of each rope 2-5 into the traction sheave 13, the structure of which is now explained with reference to FIGS. 6-8.
• 6 shows the overload case
• FIG. 7 shows the sensor device 60 with a low slack rope
• FIG. 8 shows the sensor 60 with a strong slack rope, as occurs, for example, when the work platform is placed on the floor.
• the explanation is again made using the example of the rope 5, although a corresponding sensor 60 is assigned to each rope 2-5.
• Each of the sensor devices 60 comprises a scanning roller 61, which is in contact with the associated rope 5 during operation of the traction sheave hoist or the access system.
• the scanning roller 61 is rotatably mounted about a pivot bearing indicated by its axis D on a scanning arm 63 which is approximately T-shaped and comprises a release leg 64 and a bearing leg 65.
• the bearing leg 65 of the probe arm 63 can be pivoted about a pivot 62 on the house, depending on the tension in the rope 5.
• An L-shaped sensor arm 66 is also around the house-side pivot pin 62 can be pivoted, a switching pin 68 being mounted on the long leg 67 of the sensor arm 66 and a biasing spring 80 surrounding a guide pin 89 on the short leg 69 of the sensor arm 66.
• the biasing spring 80 presses with its other end against the pivot bearing of the probe arm 63 in order to bias the probe roller 61 around the pivot 62 against the cable 5.
• the switching pin 68 on the leg 67 of the sensor arm 66 interacts with an overload switch 81 and the upper end face 64A of the probe arm leg 64 with a multi-stage slack rope button 82.
• a slope 64B is formed on the free end 64A of the release leg 64 so that both switching stages of the slack rope button 82 can be triggered with the free end 64A.
• the two switching plungers 83 and 84 for the two switching stages are shown in FIG. 6 in the switching position in which they are not actuated.
• a slack rope button 82 is provided for each of the four cables 2-5.
• a single switch 81 and a single switching pin 68 are sufficient, since the sensor arms 66 are rigidly connected to one another for all four cables 2-5. Due to the rigid connection of the four sensor arms 66, the forces transmitted from the four ropes 2-5 to the associated rope pulleys 61 add up, so that an overload case, as shown in FIG. 6, is always detected when in a rope or in the Addition of all ropes overload occurs.
• the switch 81 is actuated, whereby the drive for the traction sheave of the traction sheave lifting mechanism is stopped.
• Fig. 7 shows the switch position with a light slack rope.
• the sensor arm 66 is in a pivoted position in which the switch 81 is not actuated. Due to the position of the sensor arm 66 and the tension in the pretensioning spring 80, due to the tension (ie light slack rope), the feeler arm 63 with the feeler roller 61 swings slightly counterclockwise, whereby in the state of the light slack rope the release edge 85 between the end face portion 64A and the slope 64B actuates the switching plunger 83, while the switching plunger 84 is actuated is still in its starting position.
• the pushbutton switch 82 reports the slight slack rope to the evaluation and control device (8, FIG. 3) in order to then control the adjustment device assigned to the rope 5 via an algorithm stored in this and by changing the position of the rope 5 in the associated rope groove Counteract the traction sheave against the slack rope.
• FIG. 8 shows the switching position of the sensor 60 when the slack rope is strong. This slack rope fall occurs especially when the work platform is set up.
• the probe arm 63 is pivoted a further 8 ° counterclockwise around the pivot pin 62.
• the trigger edge 85 of the probe arm 63 now also actuates the second switching plunger 84 of the switch 82, the first switching plunger 83 also being actuated by the bevel 84B and the trigger roller 86 interacting with it.
• This switching state of the slack rope button 82 is also forwarded to the evaluation and control device in order to control the adjustment device for the rope 5 again or to adjust the adjustment devices for the other ropes.
• a ratchet wheel 90 of a centrifugal force release device is fastened to one of the end faces of the traction sheave 13, the internal toothing 91 of which interacts with a ratchet 92 which actuates a switch 93 due to centrifugal force and via a switch not shown Mechanism against a brake disc (94, Fig. 3) the traction sheave 13 presses to stop the rotation of the traction sheave 13.
• the illustrated embodiment shows an extremely compact traction sheave hoist, which can be easily arranged on a roof trolley that can be moved along the roof. In stationary systems, larger dimensions can also be selected for the individual components of the traction sheave lifting gear, since space problems are then of minor importance.
• the design and drive of the winder as well as the illustrated and explained sensor for overload and slack rope detection are of independent, inventive importance and can also be used in traction sheave hoists in which not a single traction sheave has rope grooves for all ropes and / or no adjustment devices for the individual pressure systems are provided.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=34877287

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (8)

Families Citing this family (25)

Family Cites Families (15)

• 2004
  • 2004-03-03 DE DE102004010308A patent/DE102004010308B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2005
  • 2005-02-17 CN CN200580006834A patent/CN100584734C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2005-02-17 DE DE502005008671T patent/DE502005008671D1/de active Active
  • 2005-02-17 US US10/591,208 patent/US7527243B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2005-02-17 WO PCT/EP2005/001619 patent/WO2005085119A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2005-02-17 CA CA002557974A patent/CA2557974C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2005-02-17 AT AT05715372T patent/ATE451323T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2005-02-17 EP EP05715372A patent/EP1725493B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
• 2007
  • 2007-01-22 HK HK07100762.9A patent/HK1094690A1/xx unknown

Non-Patent Citations (1)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events