EP1722928B1 - Single-handed clamp clip - Google Patents

Single-handed clamp clip Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1722928B1
EP1722928B1 EP05716803.1A EP05716803A EP1722928B1 EP 1722928 B1 EP1722928 B1 EP 1722928B1 EP 05716803 A EP05716803 A EP 05716803A EP 1722928 B1 EP1722928 B1 EP 1722928B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
clamping
jaw
tool according
rail
jaw carrier
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP05716803.1A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1722928A2 (en
Inventor
Zbigniew Noniewicz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wolfcraft GmbH
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Wolfcraft GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1722928A2 publication Critical patent/EP1722928A2/en
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Publication of EP1722928B1 publication Critical patent/EP1722928B1/en
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25BTOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B5/00Clamps
    • B25B5/06Arrangements for positively actuating jaws
    • B25B5/068Arrangements for positively actuating jaws with at least one jaw sliding along a bar
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25BTOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B5/00Clamps
    • B25B5/16Details, e.g. jaws, jaw attachments
    • B25B5/163Jaws or jaw attachments

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a clamping tool according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the DE 2153923 describes a clamping tool with a rail that carries two clamping jaws, between which a workpiece is clamped.
  • the rail carries riders, which have a support surface and an opposite support surface.
  • the invention has for its object to further develop a generic clamping tool nutzsvorteilhaft.
  • the problem is solved by at least one displaceable between the two jaw carriers displaceable associated with the rail, forming a workpiece support surface tab.
  • the rider can be brought into a position between the two jaws. In this position, the support surface of the rider serves to support the workpiece. This is particularly advantageous when the clamping tool is used stationary.
  • one of the two clamping jaw carriers can form a bearing surface at the rear of the clamping arm with which the clamping tool can be placed on a workbench.
  • the rider also has a support surface facing away from the support surface. This preferably aligns with the bearing surface of the clamping jaw carrier.
  • this bearing surface is aligned with the bearing surface of the second clamping jaw carrier.
  • the first jaw carrier does not need to have a support surface. It is sufficient if this chuck holder, if necessary, a rider is assigned.
  • This tab can be a second tab, which rests close to the edge of the workbench on the top of the workbench.
  • the existing release lever, handle and clamping lever actuating mechanism of the first jaw can be arranged in front of the bench edge. To avoid unfavorable leverage by a projecting free end of the rail, the displaceability of the rail against both jaw carriers is beneficial.
  • the rail can be assigned to the two clamping jaw supports so that their projection protrudes over the workbench, so that act on the edge close to the workbench edges no leverage forces that could let the clamping tool from the workbench tilt.
  • an actuating portion of the clamping lever of the particular second clamping jaw carrier protrudes into a trough associated with the bearing surface. This trough is a recessed grip. If the clamping tool stationary used on the top of a workbench, so access to the operating portion of the clamping lever is not possible. The non-return of the second jaw carrier is thus not operable.
  • the spring acting on the clamping lever can be assigned to the edge of the trough.
  • the tab which has a substantially rectangular cross-section, can be connected to the clamping jaw carrier assigned to it in a clip-on connection.
  • the clamping jaw carrier may have a spring tongue, which is clipped into a corresponding recess of the rider.
  • the first clamping tool shown is a one-hand clamping clamp with a first clamping jaw carrier 4, which carries on an arm 21 about an axis 19 pivotally a clamping jaw 2.
  • the first clamping jaw carrier 4 is displaceable on a, a rectangular cross-section having metal rail 1.
  • the reference number 14 the clamping direction of the first jaw carrier 4 is shown. In the direction 14, the first clamping jaw carrier 4 is moved or by pressing a stepping gear be relocated.
  • the hand of the actuator engages around a handle 17 and a clamping lever 23 extending parallel to the handle 17.
  • the clamping lever 23 is pivotable about a pivot axis 24 which is associated with the root of the handle 17.
  • a locking lever 7 is a back pressure lock with the rail 1 in a Verkantlage.
  • the locking lever 7 has a substantially Z-shaped configuration.
  • the obliquely angled middle section 7 'of the locking lever 7 extends substantially parallel along a housing flank of the clamping jaw carrier 4.
  • the release handle 16 resp an end-side extension 7 "of the locking lever 7 is acted upon by the end 10 'of a leaf spring 10.
  • the other end 10 'of the leaf spring 10 is fastened by means of two screws in the Griflhöhlung 18.
  • the bias of the leaf spring 10 ensures that the locking lever 7 is in a constant Verkantwolf to the rail 1.
  • the clamping force of the leaf spring 10 is also large enough to apply between the locking lever 7 and the rail 1 a scored in the direction of arrow 14 frictional force, which is greater than the force of the tensioned clamping jaw spring 12. This has the consequence that - although a movement of the first jaw carrier 4 in the direction of the arrow 14 is basically possible - this is only displaced by the force of the spring 12 in the direction of arrow 14 when the release handle 16 is actuated in the release direction.
  • a rail stop formed by a spring pin 15 limits the displacement path of the first clamping jaw carrier 4 along the rail 1.
  • the stop 13, against which the clamping jaw spring 12 is supported, is likewise formed by a spring pin.
  • a clamping jaw 3 In direct opposite of the jaw 2 is located on a second jaw carrier 5, a clamping jaw 3. Also, this is mounted about a pivot axis 41 on an arm 22.
  • the second jaw carrier 5 also has a reverse lock. This is formed by a locking lever 8, which is in its normal position in a tilted position to the rail such that the second jaw carrier 5 can not be displaced in the direction of arrow 14. By a corresponding application of force, the second jaw carrier 5 but are moved in the opposite direction on the rail 1. Only when the back pressure lock 8 is released by pivoting the locking lever, and the second jaw carrier 5 can be displaced in the direction of arrow 14.
  • the locking lever 8 is held by a helical compression spring 11 in the blocking position.
  • the free end of the locking lever 8 projects out of an opening of the clamping jaw carrier 5 and forms there an actuating portion 45.
  • This can be displaced in the direction of arrow 44 to bring the normally latched to the rail 1 locking lever 8 in a transverse position to the rail 1, in which the rail 1 freely protrudes through the window of the locking lever 8.
  • a removal of the second jaw carrier 5 from the rail 1 is prevented by an end cap 46. Nevertheless, it is possible to release the clamping jaw carriers 4, 5 from the rail 1 in order to push them back onto the rail 1 in the opposite direction. Then the two clamping jaws 2, 3 do not act towards each other, but as a spreading element away from each other.
  • Each of the two arms 21, 22 carries at its end a pivotable about an axis 41 clamping jaw 2, 3.
  • the clamping jaw 2 forms two spaced apart cheeks 2 ', 2 "with which the clamping jaw 2 by means of a pins 41 to a base 39 of the arm
  • the base has a round surface, against which the clamping jaw rear side 42 bears in a touching manner, regardless of the pivoting angle of the clamping jaw 2, the clamping jaw rear side 42 bears against the rounded surface 40.
  • a stop surface 43 or a section of the arm 21 serves this purpose.
  • FIGS. 7 to 11 illustrated embodiment of the invention are located on the portion of the rail 1 between the two Spannbakkenträgem 4, 5 a total of two displaceable on the rail, rectangular tabs 27, 28.
  • the clamp In the FIGS. 7 to 8 the clamp is in a stationary operating state resting on a workbench 37 shown
  • the first clamping jaw carrier 4 is with its actuating mechanism the handle 17, the clamping lever 23 and a release handle 16 in front of the edge of the workbench 37th
  • the second clamping jaw carrier 5 has a flat bearing surface 26 with which the clamping jaw carrier 5 rests on the surface of the workbench 37.
  • the tabs 27, 28 form with this bearing surface 26 aligned bearing surfaces 27 ', 28', so that the entire tools can be placed on the workbench 37 with parallel but spaced thereto extending rail 1, so that the two, the jaws 2, 3 bearing Points arms 21, 22 upwards. Since the rail 1 can be pushed through both clamping jaw carriers 4, 5, the tilting moment acting on the rider 28 can be adjusted so that it holds the tool on the workbench 37.
  • both tabs 28 are located between the clamping jaws 2, 3. Their opposite the bearing surfaces 27 ', 28' narrow sides 34, 35 form support surfaces for a clamped between the jaws 2 and 3 workpiece.
  • the first jaw carrier 4 associated rider 28 in a contact position on the first jaw carrier 4, wherein a spring tongue 30 has an opening of substantially a square cross section having tab 28 penetrates to engage behind a latching step 32 with a locking projection.
  • the rider is also associated with a clamping screw 33 which acts on the broad side of the rail 1, which penetrates a window of the rider in order to move the rider 28 and the rider 27 sluggishly on the rail 1 can.
  • the second jaw carrier 5 is assigned a spring tongue 29. However, this passes through no opening of its associated rider 27, but projects into a wall recess, which forms a latching shoulder 31.
  • the indexing gear of the clamping jaw carrier 4 substantially corresponds to that in the DE 197 31579 A1 is described, which is why reference is made in this regard to the statements there.
  • What is essential is a tensioning lever 23, which displaces a pressure shoulder 25 against a drive lever 6. With increasing clamping force, the distance between pressure shoulder 25 and clamping lever pivot axis 24 can shorten.
  • the release handle 16 cooperates with a locking lever 7. By operating the release handle 16 not only the locking lever 7 can be moved to a release position.
  • the locking lever 7 can also be displaced in total relative to the housing of the first clamping jaw carrier 4, so that after releasing the release handle 16, the tensioned in the displacement tension spring 19 moves the entire jaw carrier 4 in the direction away from the other jaw carrier.
  • the second jaw carrier 5 has a locking lever 8 which is held by means of a helical compression spring 11 which is adjacent to the trough 36 in a locking position.
  • the free end 8 'of the locking lever 8 so protrudes into the trough 36 that it can be acted upon by the finger of an actuator to relocate the locking lever 8 in the release position. It is essential that the end 8 'of the locking lever 8 does not protrude beyond the plane 26. An actuation of the locking lever 8 is excluded when the jaw carrier 5 rests on the support surface 26.
  • each of the two jaw carrier 4.5 has on each side such a spring tongue.
  • FIGS. 12 to 16 shown clamping tool substantially corresponds to that, as shown in DE 197 31579 A1 is described. Only the jaws 2, 3 differ. They are pivotally associated with the poor 21, 22.
  • the jaw 2 has two spaced apart cheeks 2 ', 2 ", with which the clamping jaw 2 by means of a pin 41 is pivotally mounted on a base 39 of the arm 21, or 22. Between the rounded or roof-like surface There is a gap 40 of the base 39 and the jaw back 42. However, the jaw back 42 is in a tangent contact with the surface 40, if one of the two FIGS. 15 or, represents assumed extreme inclinations.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Clamps And Clips (AREA)
  • Gripping Jigs, Holding Jigs, And Positioning Jigs (AREA)
  • Gripping On Spindles (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Spannwerkzeug gemäß Gattungsbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a clamping tool according to the preamble of claim 1.

Die DE 2153923 beschreibt ein Spannwerkzeug mit einer Schiene, die zwei Spannbacken trägt, zwischen denen ein Werkstück einspannbar ist. Die Schiene trägt Reiter, die eine Stützfläche und eine abgewandte Auflagefläche aufweisen.The DE 2153923 describes a clamping tool with a rail that carries two clamping jaws, between which a workpiece is clamped. The rail carries riders, which have a support surface and an opposite support surface.

Aus der DE 197 31 579 t11 ist ein Spannwerkzeug gemäß dem Oberbegriff des unabhängigen Anspruchs 1 vorbekannt, bei dem ein erster Spannbackenträger gegenüber der Schiene verlagerbar ist und der zweite Spannbackenträger umwendbar, jedoch ortsfest am Ende der Schiene sitzt. Spannwerkzeuge mit einer Spannbacke, die mittels eines Schrittschaltgetriebes entlang einer Schiene in einer Richtung verlagerbar ist, werden auch in der GB 2375985 A , US 6,412,767 B1 und US 2003/0090048 A1 offenbart.From the DE 197 31 579 T11 is a clamping tool according to the preamble of independent claim 1 previously known, in which a first jaw carrier relative to the rail is displaceable and the second jaw carrier umwendbar, but seated at the end of the rail. Clamping tools with a clamping jaw, which is displaceable by means of a stepping gear along a rail in one direction, are also in the GB 2375985 A . US Pat. No. 6,412,767 B1 and US 2003/0090048 A1 disclosed.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein gattungsgemäßes Spannwerkzeug gebrauchsvorteilhaft weiterzubilden. Die Aufgabe wird durch mindestens einen zwischen den beiden Spannbackenträgern verschieblich der Schiene zugeordneten, eine Werkstückstützfläche ausbildenden Reiter gelöst. Der Reiter kann in eine Position zwischen den beiden Spannbacken gebracht werden. In dieser Position dient die Stützfläche des Reiters der Abstützung des Werkstückes. Dies ist insbesondere dann von Vorteil, wenn das Spannwerkzeug stationär benutzt wird. Hierzu kann einer der beiden Spannbackenträger rückwärtig des Spannarmes eine Auflagefläche ausbilden, mit der das Spannwerkzeug auf einer Werkbank aufgelegt werden kann. In einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass auch der Reiter eine von der Stützfläche abgewandte Auflagefläche aufweist. Diese fluchtet vorzugsweise mit der Auflagefläche des Spannbackenträgers. Insbesondere fluchtet diese Auflagefläche mit der Auflagefläche des zweiten Spannbackenträgers. Der erste Spannbackenträger braucht keine Auflagefläche zu besitzen. Es reicht aus, wenn diesem Spannbackenträger ggf. ein Reiter zugeordnet ist. Bei diesem Reiter kann es sich um einen zweiten Reiter handeln, der werkbankkantennah auf der Oberseite der Werkbank aufliegt. Der aus Lösehebel, Handhabe und Spannhebel bestehende Betätigungsmechanismus der ersten Spannbacke kann dabei vor der Werkbankkante angeordnet sein. Zur Vermeidung ungünstiger Hebelkräfte durch ein überstehendes freies Ende der Schiene, ist die Verschiebbarkeit der Schiene gegenüber beiden Spannbackenträgern von Vorteil. Die Schiene kann so den beiden Spannbackenträgem zugeordnet werden, dass ihr Überstand über die Werkbank ragt, so dass auf den werkbankkantennahen Reiter keine Hebelkräfte wirken, die das Spannwerkzeug von der Werkbank kippen lassen könnten. In einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass ein Betätigungsabschnitt des Klemmhebels des insbesondere zweiten Spannbackenträgers in eine der Auflagefläche zugeordneten Mulde ragt. Diese Mulde ist eine Griffmulde. Wird das Spannwerkzeug stationär auf der Oberseite einer Werkbank aufliegend verwendet, so ist ein Zugriff zum Betätigungsabschnitt des Klemmhebels nicht möglich. Die Rückdrücksperre des zweiten Spannbackenträgers ist damit nicht betätigbar. Die den Klemmhebel beaufschlagende Feder kann dem Rand der Mulde zugeordnet sein. Von Vorteil ist es, wenn der im Wesentlichen einen rechteckigen Querschnitt aufweisende Reiter mit dem ihm zugeordneten Spannbackenträger klipsverbindbar ist. Hierzu kann der Spannbackenträger eine Federzunge aufweisen, die in eine korrespondierende Rastausnehmung des Reiters eingeklipst ist.The invention has for its object to further develop a generic clamping tool nutzsvorteilhaft. The problem is solved by at least one displaceable between the two jaw carriers displaceable associated with the rail, forming a workpiece support surface tab. The rider can be brought into a position between the two jaws. In this position, the support surface of the rider serves to support the workpiece. This is particularly advantageous when the clamping tool is used stationary. For this purpose, one of the two clamping jaw carriers can form a bearing surface at the rear of the clamping arm with which the clamping tool can be placed on a workbench. In a development of the invention, it is provided that the rider also has a support surface facing away from the support surface. This preferably aligns with the bearing surface of the clamping jaw carrier. In particular, this bearing surface is aligned with the bearing surface of the second clamping jaw carrier. The first jaw carrier does not need to have a support surface. It is sufficient if this chuck holder, if necessary, a rider is assigned. This tab can be a second tab, which rests close to the edge of the workbench on the top of the workbench. The existing release lever, handle and clamping lever actuating mechanism of the first jaw can be arranged in front of the bench edge. To avoid unfavorable leverage by a projecting free end of the rail, the displaceability of the rail against both jaw carriers is beneficial. The rail can be assigned to the two clamping jaw supports so that their projection protrudes over the workbench, so that act on the edge close to the workbench edges no leverage forces that could let the clamping tool from the workbench tilt. In one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that an actuating portion of the clamping lever of the particular second clamping jaw carrier protrudes into a trough associated with the bearing surface. This trough is a recessed grip. If the clamping tool stationary used on the top of a workbench, so access to the operating portion of the clamping lever is not possible. The non-return of the second jaw carrier is thus not operable. The spring acting on the clamping lever can be assigned to the edge of the trough. It is advantageous if the tab, which has a substantially rectangular cross-section, can be connected to the clamping jaw carrier assigned to it in a clip-on connection. For this purpose, the clamping jaw carrier may have a spring tongue, which is clipped into a corresponding recess of the rider.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden nachstehend anhand beigefügter Zeichnungen erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
in der Ansicht ein Spannwerkzeug mit teilweise vorgespannter Spannbackenieder,
Fig. 2
eine Darstellung Fig. 1 mit bis an einen Anschlag 15 verlagertem ersten Spannbackenträger,
Fig. 3
eine Darstellung gemäß Abschnitt III-III in Fig. 2,
Fig. 4
eine Darstellung gemäß Fig. 3 in einer verkippten Stellung der Spannbacke,
Fig. 5
eine Darstellung gemäß Fig. 3 mit in anderer Richtung verkippten Spannbacke,
Fig. 6
einen Schnitt gemäß der Linie VI-VI in Fig. 3,
Fig. 7
ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung in einer Seitenansicht mit zwischen den beiden Spannbacken angeordneten Reitern,
Fig. 8
eine Darstellung gemäß Fig. 7, bei der die Reiter mit den zugeordneten Spannbacken klipsverbunden sind,
Fig. 9
eine Darstellung gemäß Fig. 7, bei der ein Reiter mit dem ersten Spannbackenträger klipsverbunden ist,
Fig. 10
einen Schnitt gemäß der Linie X-X durch einen Reiter,
Fig. 11
einen Schnitt gemäß der Linie XI-XI in Fig. 9,
Fig. 12
ein drittes Spannwerkzeug
Fig. 13
eine vergrößerte Darstellung einer Spannbacke gemäß der Linie XIIIXIII in Fig. 12,
Fig. 14
eine Darstellung gemäß Fig. 13 in einer extremen Kippstellung der Spannbacke,
Fig. 15
eine Darstellung gemäß Fig. 13 mit einer anderen extremen Kippstellung der Spannbacke und
Fig. 16
einen Schnitt gemäß der Linie XVI-XVI in Fig. 13.
Embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:
Fig. 1
in the view a clamping tool with partially biased jaw members,
Fig. 2
a depiction Fig. 1 with up to a stop 15 displaced first clamping jaw carrier,
Fig. 3
a presentation in accordance with Section III-III in Fig. 2 .
Fig. 4
a representation according to Fig. 3 in a tilted position of the jaw,
Fig. 5
a representation according to Fig. 3 with the jaw tilted in the other direction,
Fig. 6
a section along the line VI-VI in Fig. 3 .
Fig. 7
An embodiment of the invention in a side view with arranged between the two jaws riders,
Fig. 8
a representation according to Fig. 7 in which the riders with the assigned Jaws are clip-connected,
Fig. 9
a representation according to Fig. 7 in which a rider is clip-connected to the first jaw carrier,
Fig. 10
a section along the line XX by a rider,
Fig. 11
a section along the line XI-XI in Fig. 9 .
Fig. 12
a third clamping tool
Fig. 13
an enlarged view of a clamping jaw according to the line XIIIXIII in Fig. 12 .
Fig. 14
a representation according to Fig. 13 in an extreme tilted position of the clamping jaw,
Fig. 15
a representation according to Fig. 13 with another extreme tilt position of the jaw and
Fig. 16
a section according to the line XVI-XVI in Fig. 13 ,

Das in den Figuren 1 bis 6 dargestellte erste Spannwerkzeug ist eine Einhandspannzwinge mit einem ersten Spannbackenträger 4, der an einem Arm 21 um eine Achse 19 schwenkbeweglich eine Spannbacke 2 trägt. Der erste Spannbackenträger 4 ist auf einer, einen rechteckigen Querschnitt aufweisenden Metallschiene 1 verschieblich. Mit der Bezugsziffer 14 ist die Spannrichtung des ersten Spannbackenträgers 4 dargestellt. In die Richtung 14 kann der erste Spannbackenträger 4 verschoben oder durch Betätigen eines Schrittschaltgetriebes verlagert werden. Hierzu umgreift die Hand des Betätigers einen Handgriff 17 und einen sich parallel zum Handgriff 17 erstreckenden Spannhebel 23. Der Spannhebel 23 ist um eine Schwenkachse 24, die der Wurzel des Handgriffes 17 zugeordnet ist, schwenkbar. Beim Schwenken des ggf. von einer nicht dargestellten Feder federbelasteten Spannhebels 13 wird die Druckschulter 25 gegen einen Antriebshebel 6 gedrückt.That in the FIGS. 1 to 6 The first clamping tool shown is a one-hand clamping clamp with a first clamping jaw carrier 4, which carries on an arm 21 about an axis 19 pivotally a clamping jaw 2. The first clamping jaw carrier 4 is displaceable on a, a rectangular cross-section having metal rail 1. The reference number 14, the clamping direction of the first jaw carrier 4 is shown. In the direction 14, the first clamping jaw carrier 4 is moved or by pressing a stepping gear be relocated. For this purpose, the hand of the actuator engages around a handle 17 and a clamping lever 23 extending parallel to the handle 17. The clamping lever 23 is pivotable about a pivot axis 24 which is associated with the root of the handle 17. When pivoting the optionally spring-loaded by a spring not shown clamping lever 13, the pressure shoulder 25 is pressed against a drive lever 6.

Durch das dabei auf den Antriebshebel 6 aufgebrachte Drehmoment verkanten die Wände eines Fensters des Abtriebshebels 6, durch welches die Schiene 1 ragt mit den beiden Schmalseiten der Schiene. Der Antriebshebel 6 verbleibt ortsfest auf der Schiene, während sich der Spannbackenträger 4 in Richtung des Pfeiles 14 auf einen zweiten Spannbackenträger 5 zu verlagert. Einhergehend mit dieser Verlagerung bewegt sich der Antriebshebel 6 relativ zu einer Lagerhöhlung des Spannbackenträgers 4, in welcher auch eine Rückstellfeder 9 an geordnet ist. Diese Rückstellfeder 9 stützt sich einerseits auf dem Boden der Lagerhöhlung und andererseits am Antriebshebel 6 derart ab, dass der Antriebshebel 6 nach Loslassen des Spannhebels 23 in eine Querlage zur Schiene 1 verlagert wird, so dass die Klemmwirkung aufgehoben ist.As a result of the torque applied to the drive lever 6, the walls of a window of the output lever 6 tilt, through which the rail 1 protrudes with the two narrow sides of the rail. The drive lever 6 remains stationary on the rail, while shifting the clamping jaw carrier 4 in the direction of the arrow 14 to a second jaw carrier 5. Along with this displacement, the drive lever 6 moves relative to a bearing cavity of the clamping jaw carrier 4, in which a return spring 9 is arranged to. This return spring 9 is supported on the one hand on the bottom of the bearing cavity and on the other hand on the drive lever 6 from such that the drive lever 6 is displaced after releasing the clamping lever 23 in a transverse position to the rail 1, so that the clamping action is canceled.

Normalerweise ist eine Bewegung der ersten Spannbacke 4 entgegen der Richtung des Pfeiles 4 nicht möglich, da in dieser Normalstellung ein Sperrhebel 7 einer Rückdrücksperre mit der Schiene 1 in einer Verkantlage liegt. Der Sperrhebel 7 besitzt eine im Wesentlichen Z-förmige Gestalt. Der schräg abgewinkelte mittlere Abschnitt 7' des Sperrhebels 7 verläuft im Wesentlichen parallel entlang einer Gehäuseflanke des Spannbackenträgers 4. Im Endbereich des mittleren Abschnittes 7' und des Endabschnittes 7" befindet sich eine durch ein Fenster des Handgriffes 17 ragende Freigabehandhabe 16. Die Freigabehandhabe 16 bzw. ein endseitiger Fortsatz 7" des Sperrhebels 7 wird vom Ende 10' einer Blattfeder 10 beaufschlagt. Das andere Ende 10' der Blattfeder 10 ist mittels zweier Schrauben in der Griflhöhlung 18 befestigt. Die Vorspannung der Blattfeder 10 sorgt dafür, dass der Sperrhebel 7 in einer ständigen Verkantstellung zur Schiene 1 liegt. Die Spannkraft der Blattfeder 10 ist darüber hinaus groß genug, um zwischen dem Sperrhebel 7 und der Schiene 1 eine in Richtung des Pfeiles 14 genchtete Reibkraft aufzubringen, die größer ist, als die Kraft der gespannten Spannbackenfeder 12. Dies hat zur Folge, dass - obwohl eine Bewegung des ersten Spannbackenträgers 4 in Richtung des Pfeiles 14 grundsätzlich möglich ist - dieser von der Kraft der Feder 12 nur dann in Richtung des Pfeiles 14 verlagert wird, wenn die Freigabehandhabe 16 in Löserichtung betätigt ist.Normally, a movement of the first clamping jaw 4 against the direction of the arrow 4 is not possible because in this normal position, a locking lever 7 is a back pressure lock with the rail 1 in a Verkantlage. The locking lever 7 has a substantially Z-shaped configuration. The obliquely angled middle section 7 'of the locking lever 7 extends substantially parallel along a housing flank of the clamping jaw carrier 4. In the end region of the middle section 7' and the end section 7 "there is a release handle 16 protruding through a window of the handle 17. The release handle 16 resp an end-side extension 7 "of the locking lever 7 is acted upon by the end 10 'of a leaf spring 10. The other end 10 'of the leaf spring 10 is fastened by means of two screws in the Griflhöhlung 18. The bias of the leaf spring 10 ensures that the locking lever 7 is in a constant Verkantstellung to the rail 1. The clamping force of the leaf spring 10 is also large enough to apply between the locking lever 7 and the rail 1 a scored in the direction of arrow 14 frictional force, which is greater than the force of the tensioned clamping jaw spring 12. This has the consequence that - although a movement of the first jaw carrier 4 in the direction of the arrow 14 is basically possible - this is only displaced by the force of the spring 12 in the direction of arrow 14 when the release handle 16 is actuated in the release direction.

Ein von einem Federstift 15 gebildeter Schienenanschlag begrenzt den Verlagerungsweg des ersten Spannbackenträgers 4 entlang der Schiene 1. Der Anschlag 13, gegen welchen sich die Spannbackenfeder 12 abstützt, wird ebenfalls von einem Federstift ausgebildet.A rail stop formed by a spring pin 15 limits the displacement path of the first clamping jaw carrier 4 along the rail 1. The stop 13, against which the clamping jaw spring 12 is supported, is likewise formed by a spring pin.

In direkter Gegenüberlage der Spannbacke 2 befindet sich an einem zweiten Spannbackenträger 5 eine Spannbacke 3. Auch diese ist um eine Schwenkachse 41 an einem Arm 22 gelagert. Der zweite Spannbackenträger 5 besitzt ebenfalls eine Rückdrücksperre. Diese wird von einem Sperrhebel 8 ausgebildet, der in seiner Normalstellung in einer Verkantstellung zur Schiene derart liegt, dass der zweite Spannbackenträger 5 nicht in Richtung des Pfeiles 14 verlagert werden kann. Durch eine entsprechende Kraftbeaufschlagung kann der zweite Spannbackenträger 5 aber in Gegenrichtung auf der Schiene 1 verschoben werden. Erst wenn durch Verschwenken des Sperrhebels die Rückdrücksperre 8 aufgehoben wird, kann auch der zweite Spannbackenträger 5 in Richtung des Pfeiles 14 verlagert werden.In direct opposite of the jaw 2 is located on a second jaw carrier 5, a clamping jaw 3. Also, this is mounted about a pivot axis 41 on an arm 22. The second jaw carrier 5 also has a reverse lock. This is formed by a locking lever 8, which is in its normal position in a tilted position to the rail such that the second jaw carrier 5 can not be displaced in the direction of arrow 14. By a corresponding application of force, the second jaw carrier 5 but are moved in the opposite direction on the rail 1. Only when the back pressure lock 8 is released by pivoting the locking lever, and the second jaw carrier 5 can be displaced in the direction of arrow 14.

Der Sperrhebel 8 wird von einer Schraubendruckfeder 11 in der Sperrstellung gehalten. Das freie Ende des Sperrhebels 8 ragt aus einer Öffnung des Spannbackenträgers 5 heraus und bildet dort einen Betätigungsabschnitt 45. Dieser kann in Richtung des Pfeiles 44 verlagert werden, um den normalerweise zur Schiene 1 verkanteten Sperrhebel 8 in eine Querlage zur Schiene 1 zu bringen, in welcher die Schiene 1 frei durch das Fenster des Sperrhebels 8 ragt. Ein Abziehen des zweiten Spannbackenträgers 5 von der Schiene 1 wird durch eine Endkappe 46 verhindert. Gleichwohl ist es möglich, die Spannbackenträger 4, 5 von der Schiene 1 zu lösen, um sie in entgegengesetzter Richtung wieder auf die Schiene 1 aufzuschieben. Dann wirken die beiden Spannbacken 2, 3 nicht aufeinander zu, sondern als Spreizelement von einander weg.The locking lever 8 is held by a helical compression spring 11 in the blocking position. The free end of the locking lever 8 projects out of an opening of the clamping jaw carrier 5 and forms there an actuating portion 45. This can be displaced in the direction of arrow 44 to bring the normally latched to the rail 1 locking lever 8 in a transverse position to the rail 1, in which the rail 1 freely protrudes through the window of the locking lever 8. A removal of the second jaw carrier 5 from the rail 1 is prevented by an end cap 46. Nevertheless, it is possible to release the clamping jaw carriers 4, 5 from the rail 1 in order to push them back onto the rail 1 in the opposite direction. Then the two clamping jaws 2, 3 do not act towards each other, but as a spreading element away from each other.

Die Funktionsweise dieses Spannwerkzeuges ist wie folgt:The operation of this clamping tool is as follows:

Wird beim ersten Spannbackenträger 5 in der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Position die Freigabehandhabe 16 betätigt, so wird die vom Sperrhebel 7 auf die Schiene 1 ausgeübte Reibkraft derartig reduziert, dass die Kraft der Spannbackenfeder 12 die Schiene 1 relativ zum ersten Spannbackenträger 4 verlagert. Einhergehend damit verlagert sich die Spannbacke 3 auf die Spannbacke 2 zu.Is the first jaw carrier 5 in the in Fig. 1 shown position, the release handle 16 is actuated, the force exerted by the locking lever 7 on the rail 1 frictional force is reduced such that the force of the clamping jaw spring 12, the rail 1 relative to the first jaw carrier 4 moves. Along with it, the jaw 3 shifts to the jaw 2.

Jeder der beiden Arme 21, 22 trägt an seinem Ende eine um eine Achse 41 schwenkverlagerbare Spannbacke 2, 3. Die Spannbacke 2 bildet zwei voneinander beabstandete Wangen 2', 2" mit denen die Spannbacke 2 mittels eines Stifte 41 an einem Sockel 39 des Armes befestigt ist. Der Sockel besitzt eine runde Fläche, gegen welche die Spannbackenrückseite 42 berührend anliegt. Unabhängig vom Schwenkwinkel der Spannback2 liegt die Spannbackenrückseite 42 an der gerundeten Fläche 40 an.Each of the two arms 21, 22 carries at its end a pivotable about an axis 41 clamping jaw 2, 3. The clamping jaw 2 forms two spaced apart cheeks 2 ', 2 "with which the clamping jaw 2 by means of a pins 41 to a base 39 of the arm The base has a round surface, against which the clamping jaw rear side 42 bears in a touching manner, regardless of the pivoting angle of the clamping jaw 2, the clamping jaw rear side 42 bears against the rounded surface 40.

Die extremen Neigungswinkel der Spannbacke gegenüber dem Arm 21, bzw. 22 sind anschlagbegrenzt Hierzu dient eine Anschlagfläche 43 bzw. ein Abschnitt des Armes 21.The extreme angles of inclination of the clamping jaw with respect to the arm 21, or 22 are limited by stops. A stop surface 43 or a section of the arm 21 serves this purpose.

Bei dem in den Figuren 7 bis 11 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung befinden sich auf dem Abschnitt der Schiene 1 zwischen den beiden Spannbakkenträgem 4, 5 insgesamt zwei auf der Schiene verschiebliche, rechteckige Reiter 27, 28. In den Figuren 7 bis 8 ist die Spannzwinge in einem stationären Betriebszustand aufliegend auf einer Werkbank 37 dargestellt Dabei liegt der erste Spannbackenträger 4 mit seiner Betätigungsmechanik dem Handgriff 17, dem Spannhebel 23 und einer Freigabehandhabe 16 vor dem Rand der Werkbank 37.In the in the FIGS. 7 to 11 illustrated embodiment of the invention are located on the portion of the rail 1 between the two Spannbakkenträgem 4, 5 a total of two displaceable on the rail, rectangular tabs 27, 28. In the FIGS. 7 to 8 the clamp is in a stationary operating state resting on a workbench 37 shown Here, the first clamping jaw carrier 4 is with its actuating mechanism the handle 17, the clamping lever 23 and a release handle 16 in front of the edge of the workbench 37th

Der zweite Spannbackenträger 5 besitzt eine ebene Auflagefläche 26, mit welcher der Spannbackenträger 5 auf der Oberfläche der Werkbank 37 aufliegt. Die Reiter 27, 28 bilden mit dieser Auflagefläche 26 fluchtende Auflageflächen 27', 28', so dass das gesamte Handwerkszeug auf der Werkbank 37 mit parallel aber beabstandet dazu verlaufender Schiene 1 aufgelegt werden kann, so dass die beiden, die Spannbacken 2, 3 tragenden Arme 21, 22 nach oben weisen. Da die Schiene 1 durch beide Spannbackenträger 4, 5 hindurch schiebbar ist, ist das auf den Reiter 28 wirkende Kippmoment so einstellbar, dass es das Werkzeug auf der Werkbank 37 hält.The second clamping jaw carrier 5 has a flat bearing surface 26 with which the clamping jaw carrier 5 rests on the surface of the workbench 37. The tabs 27, 28 form with this bearing surface 26 aligned bearing surfaces 27 ', 28', so that the entire tools can be placed on the workbench 37 with parallel but spaced thereto extending rail 1, so that the two, the jaws 2, 3 bearing Points arms 21, 22 upwards. Since the rail 1 can be pushed through both clamping jaw carriers 4, 5, the tilting moment acting on the rider 28 can be adjusted so that it holds the tool on the workbench 37.

In der Darstellung gemäß Fig. 7 befinden sich beide Reiter 28 zwischen den Spannbacken 2, 3. Ihre den Auflageflächen 27', 28' gegenüberliegenden Schmalseiten 34, 35 bilden Stützflächen aus für ein zwischen die Spannbacken 2 und 3 einzuspannendes Werkstück. In der Darstellung gemäß der Figur 9 befindet sich der dem ersten Spannbackenträger 4 zugeordnete Reiter 28 in einer Anlagestellung am ersten Spannbackenträger 4, wobei eine Federzunge 30 eine Öffnung des im Wesentlichen einen quadratischen Querschnitt aufweisenden Reiter 28 durchdringt, um mit einem Rastvorsprung eine Raststufe 32 zu hintergreifen.In the illustration according to Fig. 7 Both tabs 28 are located between the clamping jaws 2, 3. Their opposite the bearing surfaces 27 ', 28' narrow sides 34, 35 form support surfaces for a clamped between the jaws 2 and 3 workpiece. In the illustration according to the FIG. 9 is the first jaw carrier 4 associated rider 28 in a contact position on the first jaw carrier 4, wherein a spring tongue 30 has an opening of substantially a square cross section having tab 28 penetrates to engage behind a latching step 32 with a locking projection.

Dem Reiter ist zudem eine Klemmschraube 33 zugeordnet, die auf die Breitseite der Schiene 1 wirkt, die ein Fenster des Reiters durchdringt, um den Reiter 28 bzw. den Reiter 27 schwergängig auf der Schiene 1 verschieben zu können.The rider is also associated with a clamping screw 33 which acts on the broad side of the rail 1, which penetrates a window of the rider in order to move the rider 28 and the rider 27 sluggishly on the rail 1 can.

Auch dem zweiten Spannbackenträger 5 ist eine Federzunge 29 zugeordnet. Diese durchgreift aber keine Öffnung des ihr zugeordneten Reiters 27, sondern ragt in eine Wandaussparung ein, die eine Rastschulter 31 ausbildet.Also, the second jaw carrier 5 is assigned a spring tongue 29. However, this passes through no opening of its associated rider 27, but projects into a wall recess, which forms a latching shoulder 31.

Das Schrittschaltgetriebe des Spannbackenträgers 4 entspricht im Wesentlichen demjenigen, das in der DE 197 31579 A1 beschrieben ist, weshalb diesbezüglich auf die dortigen Ausführungen verwiesen wird. Wesentlich ist ein Spannhebel 23, der eine Druckschulter 25 gegen einen Antriebshebel 6 verlagert. Mit zunehmender Spannkraft kann sich die Distanz zwischen Druckschulter 25 und Spannhebeldrehachse 24 verkürzen. Die Freigabehandhabe 16 wirkt mit einem Sperrhebel 7 zusammen. Durch Betätigen der Freigabehandhabe 16 kann nicht nur der Sperrhebel 7 in eine Lösestellung verlagert werden. Der Sperrhebel 7 kann auch insgesamt gegenüber des Gehäuses des ersten Spannbackenträgers 4 verlagert werden, so dass nach Loslassen der Freigabehandhabe 16 die bei der Verlagerung gespannte Zugfeder 19 den gesamten Spannbackenträger 4 in Richtung weg vom anderen Spannbackenträger verlagert.The indexing gear of the clamping jaw carrier 4 substantially corresponds to that in the DE 197 31579 A1 is described, which is why reference is made in this regard to the statements there. What is essential is a tensioning lever 23, which displaces a pressure shoulder 25 against a drive lever 6. With increasing clamping force, the distance between pressure shoulder 25 and clamping lever pivot axis 24 can shorten. The release handle 16 cooperates with a locking lever 7. By operating the release handle 16 not only the locking lever 7 can be moved to a release position. The locking lever 7 can also be displaced in total relative to the housing of the first clamping jaw carrier 4, so that after releasing the release handle 16, the tensioned in the displacement tension spring 19 moves the entire jaw carrier 4 in the direction away from the other jaw carrier.

Der zweite Spannbackenträger 5 besitzt einen Sperrhebel 8, der mittels einer Schraubendruckfeder 11, die der Mulde 36 benachbart ist, in einer Sperrstellung gehalten ist. Das freie Ende 8' des Sperrhebels 8 ragt derartig in die Mulde 36 ein, dass es von dem Finger eines Betätigers beaufschlagt werden kann, um den Sperrhebel 8 in die Freigabestellung zu verlagern. Wesentlich ist, dass das Ende 8' des Sperrhebels 8 nicht über die Ebene 26 hinaus ragt. Eine Betätigung des Sperrhebels 8 ist ausgeschlossen, wenn der Spannbackenträger 5 auf der Auflagefläche 26 ruht.The second jaw carrier 5 has a locking lever 8 which is held by means of a helical compression spring 11 which is adjacent to the trough 36 in a locking position. The free end 8 'of the locking lever 8 so protrudes into the trough 36 that it can be acted upon by the finger of an actuator to relocate the locking lever 8 in the release position. It is essential that the end 8 'of the locking lever 8 does not protrude beyond the plane 26. An actuation of the locking lever 8 is excluded when the jaw carrier 5 rests on the support surface 26.

In den Zeichnungen ist jeweils nur eine Federzunge 29 bzw. 30 dargestellt. Bevorzugt besitzt jede der beiden Spannbackenträger 4,5 aber auf jeder Seite eine derartige Federzunge.In the drawings, only one spring tongue 29 or 30 is shown in each case. Preferably, however, each of the two jaw carrier 4.5 has on each side such a spring tongue.

Das in den Figuren 12 bis 16 dargestellte Spannwerkzeug entspricht im Wesentlichen demjenigen, wie aus der DE 197 31579 A1 beschrieben wird. Lediglich die Spannbacken 2, 3 unterscheiden sich. Sie sind schwenkbar den Armen 21, 22 zugeordnet.That in the FIGS. 12 to 16 shown clamping tool substantially corresponds to that, as shown in DE 197 31579 A1 is described. Only the jaws 2, 3 differ. They are pivotally associated with the poor 21, 22.

Wie aus den Figuren 13 bis 16 zu entnehmen ist, besitzt die Spannbacke 2 zwei voneinander beabstandete Wangen 2', 2", mit denen die Spannbacke 2 mit Hilfe eines Stiftes 41 schwenkbeweglich an einem Sockel 39 des Armes 21, bzw. 22 befestigt ist. Zwischen der gerundeten bzw. dachartigen Fläche 40 des Sockels 39 und der Spannbackenrückseite 42 besteht ein Spalt. Die Spannbackenrückseite 42 liegt jedoch in einer tangierenden Anlage an der Fläche 40, wenn sie eine der beiden den Figuren 15 bzw, dargestellten Neigungsextremstellungen einnimmt.Like from the FIGS. 13 to 16 can be seen, the jaw 2 has two spaced apart cheeks 2 ', 2 ", with which the clamping jaw 2 by means of a pin 41 is pivotally mounted on a base 39 of the arm 21, or 22. Between the rounded or roof-like surface There is a gap 40 of the base 39 and the jaw back 42. However, the jaw back 42 is in a tangent contact with the surface 40, if one of the two FIGS. 15 or, represents assumed extreme inclinations.

Claims (16)

  1. Clamping tool, in particular a clamp clip, comprising first and second clamping-jaw carriers (4, 5) which are assigned to a rail (1) and each carry a clamping jaw (2, 3) and of which at least the first clamping-jaw carrier (4) can be moved along the rail (1) in one direction by a step-by-step gear mechanism and is prevented from moving in the opposite direction by a releasable return catch, characterised in that the clamping tool has at least one slide (27, 28) which can be slid between the two clamping-jaw carriers (4, 5), is assigned to the rail, and forms a workpiece support surface (34, 35), the at least one slide (27, 28) having a bearing surface (27', 28') facing away from the support surface (34, 35) and the bearing surface (27', 28') of the slide (27, 28) being aligned with a bearing surface (26) of the second clamping-jaw carrier (5).
  2. Clamping tool according to claim 1, characterised in that the second clamping-jaw carrier (5) also has a releasable return catch (8) and can be moved along the rail, the step-by-step gear mechanism (6) and/or the return catch (7, 8) having a clamping lever (6, 7, 8) which can be moved against the restoring force of a spring (9, 10, 11) and which has at least one clamping edge for tilting with the rail (1).
  3. Clamping tool according to claim 2, characterised in that an actuation portion (8') of the clamping lever (8) of the second clamping-jaw carrier (5) projects into a cavity (36) assigned to the bearing surface (26).
  4. Clamping tool according to claim 3, characterised in that spring (11) acting upon the clamping lever (8) is assigned to the edge of the cavity (36).
  5. Clamping tool according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that, in each case, one slide (27, 28) can be connected to one clamping-jaw carrier (4, 5) in a clipped manner.
  6. Clamping tool according to claim 5, characterised in that the clip connection is formed by a flexible tongue (29, 30) which is assigned to the clamping-jaw carriers (4, 5) and engages in a corresponding latch recess (31, 32) in the slide (27, 28).
  7. Clamping tool according to claim 2, characterised in that the clamping lever (6, 7, 8) has an opening penetrated by the rail (1) and has two diametrically opposed clamping edges.
  8. Clamping tool according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the first clamping-jaw carrier (4) interacts with a spring (12), one end of which is supported on the rail (1) and the other end of which is supported on the first clamping-jaw carrier (4).
  9. Clamping tool according to claim 8, characterised in that the spring (12) supported on the end of the rail (1) acts upon the clamping-jaw carrier (4) in the clamping direction, the return catch (7), which works in the opposite direction, exerting a retaining force which is opposed to and exceeds the spring force and which can be released by release-actuation of the return catch (7).
  10. Clamping tool according to either claim 8 or claim 9, characterised in that the first clamping-jaw carrier (4) can be moved against a rail stop (15) by the clamping-jaw spring (12).
  11. Clamping tool according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that each of the two clamping jaws (2, 3) can be pivoted about a respective shaft (41) at the end of an arm (21, 22) of the assigned jaw carrier (4, 5), the end of the arm (21, 22) forming a rounded or roof-like surface (40), the surface (40) being assigned to a stop base (39) to which two cheeks (2') of the clamping jaws (2, 3) are connected in such a way that the clamping jaw (2), at its two extreme inclination positions, is tangent to the surface (40) at one respective portion of the rear side (42) of the clamping jaw.
  12. Clamping tool according to claim 11, characterised in that each of the two clamping jaws (2, 3) can be pivoted about a respective shaft (41) at the end of an arm (21, 22) of the assigned jaw carrier (4, 5), the end of the arm (21, 22) which has a rounded surface (40) forming a support base (39) to which two cheeks (2") of the clamping jaws (2, 3) are connected in such a way that the rear side (42) of the clamping jaw is supported on the rounded surface (40) in any pivot position.
  13. Clamping tool according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the clamping lever (7) of the return catch (7) is rigidly connected to a release handle (16).
  14. Clamping tool according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the release handle (16) projects through an opening in a hand grip (17).
  15. Clamping tool according to, or in particular according to, any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the release handle (16) can be moved from a lock position into a release position against the restoring force of a leaf spring (10).
  16. Clamping tool according to claim 15, characterised in that one end (10') of the leaf spring (10) acts on a projection (7") of the clamping lever (7), which projection carries the release handle (16), and the other end (10") is fixed to the wall of a handle cavity (18).
EP05716803.1A 2004-03-10 2005-02-25 Single-handed clamp clip Active EP1722928B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004011636A DE102004011636A1 (en) 2004-03-10 2004-03-10 One-handed bar clamp
PCT/EP2005/050811 WO2005087438A2 (en) 2004-03-10 2005-02-25 Single-handed clamp clip

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1722928A2 EP1722928A2 (en) 2006-11-22
EP1722928B1 true EP1722928B1 (en) 2014-09-24

Family

ID=34895133

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05716803.1A Active EP1722928B1 (en) 2004-03-10 2005-02-25 Single-handed clamp clip

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20070176342A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1722928B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2559090A1 (en)
DE (1) DE102004011636A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2005087438A2 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102004011636A1 (en) 2005-09-29
CA2559090A1 (en) 2005-09-22
WO2005087438A2 (en) 2005-09-22
US20070176342A1 (en) 2007-08-02
EP1722928A2 (en) 2006-11-22
WO2005087438A3 (en) 2005-12-15

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