EP1719684B1 - Central buffer coupling for railway vehicles - Google Patents

Central buffer coupling for railway vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1719684B1
EP1719684B1 EP05009705A EP05009705A EP1719684B1 EP 1719684 B1 EP1719684 B1 EP 1719684B1 EP 05009705 A EP05009705 A EP 05009705A EP 05009705 A EP05009705 A EP 05009705A EP 1719684 B1 EP1719684 B1 EP 1719684B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coupling shaft
drawgear
housing
coupling
central buffer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP05009705A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1719684A1 (en
Inventor
Christian Dipl.-Ing. Radewagen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voith Turbo Scharfenberg GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Voith Turbo Scharfenberg GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to AT05009705T priority Critical patent/ATE370044T1/en
Application filed by Voith Turbo Scharfenberg GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Voith Turbo Scharfenberg GmbH and Co KG
Priority to DE502005001252T priority patent/DE502005001252D1/en
Priority to EP05009705A priority patent/EP1719684B1/en
Priority to PL05009705T priority patent/PL1719684T3/en
Priority to DK05009705T priority patent/DK1719684T3/en
Priority to ES05009705T priority patent/ES2289616T3/en
Priority to KR1020067025417A priority patent/KR101184501B1/en
Priority to CNB2006800004063A priority patent/CN100503331C/en
Priority to PCT/EP2006/002903 priority patent/WO2006117045A1/en
Priority to CA2568871A priority patent/CA2568871C/en
Priority to AU2006243520A priority patent/AU2006243520B2/en
Priority to US11/593,793 priority patent/US7552830B2/en
Publication of EP1719684A1 publication Critical patent/EP1719684A1/en
Priority to NO20065289A priority patent/NO334458B1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1719684B1 publication Critical patent/EP1719684B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61RAILWAYS
    • B61GCOUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
    • B61G7/00Details or accessories
    • B61G7/14Safety devices
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61RAILWAYS
    • B61GCOUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
    • B61G7/00Details or accessories
    • B61G7/10Mounting of the couplings on the vehicle

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a central buffer coupling for rail vehicles with a coupling shaft and a bearing block having articulation, wherein the rear end of the coupling shaft connected to the articulation and is articulated horizontally pivotable about the bearing block of the articulation on the car body of the rail vehicle.
  • Such a coupling arrangement is generally known from railway engineering ( DE 35 13 294 A1 . EP 0 947 410 A1 ) and is used to produce a positive mechanical connection between two adjacent car bodies of a multi-unit train.
  • the coupling shaft can also perform pivotal movements, which occur for example when cornering of the train, the articulation is designed so that a horizontal and vertical swinging and axial rotation of the coupling rod is made possible.
  • a rigidly supported coupling device for example, occurring during the coupling process or during braking shocks and vibrations to damage the vehicle or: the clutch assembly itself can lead. To avoid such damage, it is necessary to limit the transmission of such shocks, vibrations and the like as possible.
  • the coupling assembly with elastic damping means, such as pull / push devices, for absorbing such impacts.
  • the linkage may consist of a bearing block with a pull / push device, the pull / push device tensile and compressive forces up to a defined size elastically passes over the bearing block in the vehicle underiva. The aim is to absorb energy with an elastic deformation and thus prevent overstressing of the undercarriage.
  • multi-stage energy dissipation facilities From rail vehicle technology, it is also known to use multi-stage energy dissipation facilities. These generally have as a primary stage a reversible energy dissipation device, which is integrated, for example, as a train / shock device in the articulation or as a clutch spring in the coupling shaft of the central buffer, and which should absorb the shock forces occurring in driving, maneuvering and coupling operation.
  • a second, secondary energy dissipation device for absorbing impact energy resulting from excessive camber impulses is often arranged in the form of two side buffers on the outer edge of the end face of the respective car body.
  • the energy dissipation devices are designed so that the implementation of the resulting from shunting accidents Aufier energie is accomplished in two merging stages, the first stage is integrated in the central buffer and the second stage of the supporting body structure is preceded.
  • Another approach provides, after exhaustion of the coupling side energy dissipation device, the residual energy via a predetermined breaking point in the clutch assembly on carriage body side energy absorption elements, such as friction elements redirect.
  • this presupposes that the coupling shaft is taken to the coupling head at a defined level of force from the force transmitted by the clutch assembly force flow, and thus allows the collision of the car bodies and the use of the car side energy absorbing elements.
  • the coupling shaft with the coupling head is removed from the power flow by the coupling shears off at predetermined breaking points in such a way that larger parts of the coupling arrangement are pushed by a backward movement of these in a space provided for this purpose in the undercarriage of the vehicle.
  • a shearing function of the clutch is usually achieved in that the coupling shaft itself is fastened to the lower frame of the car body via the bearing block of the articulation or a joint and via an Abscherfunktion enabling, external shear element.
  • this structure in which the bearing block is fastened with external shear elements on the base of the car body, requires, however, that for the assembly of the linkage and belonging to the articulation bearing block at the respective end face of the car body, a contact surface of the bearing block corresponding opening must be provided the external shearing elements with respect to the mounting plate of the car body of the To attach the back to the undercarriage of the car body. This has the consequence that the installation of external shear elements is very expensive and expensive. Furthermore, in principle, a relatively large opening must be formed in the mounting plate of the car body. The same difficulties occur even when the linkage and belonging to the linkage bearing block are not mounted directly but via an adapter plate on the mounting plate of the car body.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of an articulation 102, known from the prior art, of a central buffer coupling for rail vehicles.
  • FIG. 2 shows the linkage 102 according to FIG. 1 in a side sectional view.
  • This linkage 102 belongs to a central buffer coupling, in which in the articulation 102 an existing from an elastomeric spring element pull / shock protection 110 is integrated. It is provided that the elastomeric spring element 110 receives tensile and compressive forces up to a defined size. As a result, the occurring during normal driving between the individual car bodies tensile and impact forces are absorbed.
  • the bearing block 104 of the linkage 102 is attached via external shear elements 108 on the car body or on the subframe of the car body.
  • Fig. 3 shows a plan view of the linkage 102 of FIG. 1 in a mounted on the undercarriage of the car body state.
  • the external shearing elements 108 respond when the critical impact forces provided for the shock / shock protection 110 are exceeded, as a result of which they lose their function as fastening elements, and the entire coupling arrangement is removed from the transmitted force flow.
  • the solution shown in FIG. 3 has the further disadvantage that the bearing block 104th can only be attached from the back of the mounting plate 117 via external shear elements 108 on the vehicle body.
  • clutch assemblies in which, for example, by the immediate vicinity of a bogie, a screwing the linkage from the back is not possible, such a shearing solution of the coupling can not be used.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object, a middle buffer coupling of the type mentioned in such a way that in a crash, i. upon impact of extreme impact energies, the coupled clutches are shortened such that the car side energy absorbing elements of the respective car bodies consume the impact energy transmitted in the impact between the adjacent car bodies without external shearing elements being employed in the space behind the clutch to force the clutch out of the power flow to take.
  • the solution according to the invention has a number of significant advantages over the known from rail vehicle technology and explained above central buffer coupling.
  • a shock absorber provided in the articulation itself, which responds when a certain force transmitted to the coupling shaft is exceeded, the connection between the articulation and the coupling shaft is released, which allows the coupling shaft to be transferred from the force flow transmitted to the articulation can be pressed, in which case the respective carcass side energy absorbing elements are used and reliably reduce the transmitted impact energy.
  • a maximum achievable and in particular calculable energy consumption is achieved in a predictable event sequence.
  • the shock absorber is integrated in the articulation itself, it is no longer necessary to use external shearing elements, with which the bearing block of the articulation is fastened to the vehicle body, and which fulfill the shock protection function. Accordingly, it is no longer necessary with the clutch assembly according to the invention that in the mounting plate of the car body, an opening is provided through which passes through the bearing block to be fastened from the back of the mounting plate via external shear elements on the car body. Rather, it is now possible that the bearing block of the articulation is attached directly from the front of the mounting plate ago on the car body, for example with screws.
  • the shock absorber has an opening formed in the bearing block of the car body towards the central buffer coupling through which, after the critical impact force has been exceeded, the coupling shaft is at least partially pressed and thus removed from the force flow.
  • the opening formed in the bearing block ensures that the coupling shaft released after the shock absorber has responded can move backwards into a space outside the coupling plane in order to be taken out of the power flow.
  • an opening corresponding to the opening formed in the bearing block is already provided in the screw-on plate by which the coupling shaft is at least partially pressed and thus removed from the force flow after the critical impact force has been exceeded, after the coupling shaft has been provided in the bearing block Opening happened.
  • the material of the mounting plate or the mounting plate itself can be designed accordingly so that the coupling shaft after exceeding the critical impact force and after the response in the articulation provided shock protection as easy as possible, ie pierce the material of the mounting plate with little resistance and can be pressed by the thus resulting in the mounting plate opening.
  • the bearing block of the articulation is not mounted directly but via an additional support plate or adapter plate on the mounting plate of the car body, wherein the support plate may further comprise an opening corresponding to the opening provided in the bearing block.
  • This embodiment has the advantage that the central buffer coupling is designed to be modular with the shock absorber according to the invention and thus can be mounted without elaborate conversion measures on differently designed screw-on plates.
  • the support plate itself originally no own opening is provided, but that a corresponding opening is formed only after the coupling shaft has passed through the opening provided in the bearing block.
  • the articulation can have a guide to at least partially guide the movement of the coupling shaft from the force flow transmitted to the articulation when the critical impact force is exceeded.
  • This guide allows a very predictable event sequence, since the coupling shaft can be taken in a guided manner from the power flow when exceeding a defined level of force in a guided manner and thus allows the collision of the car bodies and the use of the car side energy absorbing elements.
  • the guide has a run-on slope in the direction of the opening provided in the bearing block, wherein the guide is designed such that when the critical impact force is exceeded, the coupling shaft is pressed through the opening in the bearing block.
  • the shock absorber has at least one shearing element, by means of which the coupling shaft is connected to the articulation, wherein the shearing element is designed such that it shears at a transmitted from the coupling shaft to the articulation critical impact force, and thus the connection between coupling shaft and linkage is released.
  • shearing element is to be understood as a connecting member which breaks or shears when a certain force in the longitudinal and / or transverse direction of the coupling shaft is exceeded and thereby loses its function as a connecting member.
  • the shearing element can also be designed so that it responds when a certain force is exceeded both in the longitudinal and in the transverse direction of the coupling shaft and thereby loses its function as a connecting member. It is also conceivable to design the shearing element so that it only responds to impact forces and not even to tensile forces.
  • the shock absorber has a shearing element with at least one predetermined breaking point, which breaks at a definable critical impact force, so that the shear element loses its function as a link and thus the connection between the coupling shaft and linkage is released.
  • a predetermined breaking point is that such a shearing element is particularly easy to implement, whereby the response of the shearing element is still very reliably adjustable. In other words, this means that in advance the critical impact force at which the shearing element of the shock absorber is activated and loses its function as a connecting member, can be accurately determined.
  • the central buffer coupling according to the invention can be used in a coupling device in which the articulation is an eye bolt articulation, in which case the shearing element of the pin of the eye bolt articulation, and wherein the coupling shaft with the eye of the eye bolt articulation when exceeded the specified critical impact force is taken from the force flow transmitted to the linkage.
  • Conceivable here would be that serving as Abscherelement bolt breaks when exceeding the specified critical impact force and thus loses its function as a link, as a result, the coupling shaft is taken with the provided at its rear end eye from the power flow, for example, by the in the bearing block of the Wagenkastens trained opening is pushed through.
  • the central buffer coupling further comprises an elastomeric spring device for damping transmitted via the coupling shaft on the linkage tensile and impact forces.
  • the elastomeric spring device includes an open towards the coupling head housing, in which the rear end of the coupling shaft protrudes co-axially with a radial distance from the inner peripheral surface of the housing, whereby thus the rear end of the coupling shaft on the housing with the Linkage is connected.
  • resiliently prestressed resilient rings of an elastic material are advantageously provided between the inner peripheral surface of the housing, which are aligned vertically with their center planes and arranged one behind the other at a mutual distance in the longitudinal direction of the coupling shaft.
  • a single cylindrical elastomer element elastomer cylinder
  • annular elastomer beads are provided.
  • the elastomeric spring means further include both the rear end of the coupling shaft and the Inside the housing to each other directed circumferential annular beads, wherein the made of an elastic material resilient rings or the said elastomeric cylinders are held with the annular beads in each case in spaces between two adjacent annular beads against the rear end of the coupling shaft and the housing, each resilient Ring rests directly on both the peripheral surface of the coupling shaft and on the inner peripheral surface of the housing, and wherein in relation to tensile and impact forces unloaded state of the elastomeric spring device, the annular ridges of the coupling shaft are aligned with the associated annular ridges of the housing.
  • the housing of the elastomeric spring device is connected to the articulation, so that when exceeding the specified critical impact force of the coupling shaft with the housing and the elastomeric spring device provided therein from the transmitted to the articulation Power flow is taken.
  • This solution is allowed that the invention provided in the articulation shock protection can also be used in linkages in which an elastomer-spring joint (EFG) is provided.
  • EFG elastomer-spring joint
  • such a pull / push device may also be implemented with hollow rubber springs, friction springs, hydraulic devices, and combinations thereof. It is also conceivable to use destructive impact elements in addition to regenerative impact elements.
  • Another advantage of this embodiment is that after exceeding the critical impact force by separating the connection between linkage and coupling shaft not only the coupling shaft but also the housing of the bearing block are taken from the power flow, so that the housing remains in its original position on the car body , In particular, it is no longer pushed the housing of the bearing block together with the articulation in a space provided in the undercarriage of the car body space, as was the case with conventional central buffer couplings.
  • the housing remains on the car body and takes over with regard to the coupling shaft detached from the coupling function of a "guide profile" or a “collecting element”, since the coupling shaft can be supported in or on the housing and thus prevents the separated coupling shaft the track can fall down.
  • the central buffer coupling according to the invention according to the latter embodiment ie the central buffer coupling with the Elastomer spring device is designed so that the transmitted from the coupling shaft on the linkage tensile and impact forces are dampened by regenerative deformation of the rings or provided in the articulation Weg- / Stoß worn up to a festdefined size, the fixed-defined size is set to a value smaller than the response of the at least one shearing element. This ensures that the pull / push device absorbs tension and pressure up to the firmly defined size and thus absorbs and thus eliminates minor shocks, such as shocks and vibrations occurring during driving and braking.
  • the articulation has at least one vertically extending pivot with which the housing is connected by means of the at least one shearing element and horizontally pivotally mounted on the bearing block of the car body.
  • the shearing element between the at least one pivot and the housing is provided. It would also be conceivable to connect the trunnion directly to the housing, this connection having a predetermined breaking point.
  • a plurality of vertically extending pivot pins are provided in a preferred manner, wherein a shearing element may be provided on each pivot.
  • the housing of the elastomer spring device which is hinged horizontally with the aid of the at least one shearing element on the bearing block of the car body, consists of two half-shells, which can be detachably connected to each other.
  • bolts come into question.
  • the rings at a certain excess on the bolts or screws with bias perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the coupling shaft can be installed, whereby a tight fit of the rings between the coupling shaft and housing can be produced.
  • the coupling shaft has at its opening facing the housing opening a collar against which on the one hand a biasing ring with its rear side and on the other hand the closest to the opening of the housing ring with its front wherein the biasing ring biases the rings in the unloaded state of the elastomeric spring means in the longitudinal direction of the coupling shaft.
  • a more accurate and finer adjustment of the bias of the elastomer spring means is achieved in a preferred manner by a type in which the generation and adjustment of the biasing force in the longitudinal direction of the coupling shaft via a pressure piece, which is fastened and supported on the housing by means of screws.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of an articulation 102 used in a middle buffer coupling known from the prior art.
  • FIG. 2 shows the articulation 102 according to FIG. 1 in a side sectional view.
  • an elastomer spring element 110 is integrated as a pull / push device in the linkage 102.
  • This spring element 110 is designed in such a way that tension and pressure are absorbed up to a defined size and further forces are transmitted via the bearing block 104 into the vehicle undercarriage.
  • the linkage 102 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 comprises the rear part of the coupling arrangement and serves to pivot the coupling shaft 101 horizontally in a pivotable manner via the bearing block 104 on the screw-on plate of the car body (not explicitly shown here).
  • Fig. 3 shows the known from the prior art and shown in Fig. 1 and 2 linkage 102 in a plan view.
  • the bearing block 104 of the linkage 102 is attached to the mounting plate 117 of the car body.
  • a corresponding opening 107 is provided in the mounting plate 117, through which the bearing block 104 partially protrudes.
  • the bearing block 104 itself is attached via external Abscherium 108 to the base of the car body. From Fig. 3 it can be seen that the attachment of the bearing block 104 by means of the external Abscheremia 108 can be made only from the back of the mounting plate 117.
  • the external shearing elements 108 are designed such that they respond in the event of a crash, ie when extreme impact energies impinge, and thereby lose their function as fastening elements for the bearing block 104.
  • the bearing block 104 can be pushed together with the linkage 102 and the coupling shaft 101 hinged thereto in a provided in the undercarriage of the car body (not explicitly shown) space and thus at least partially taken from the transferred with the clutch assembly power flow.
  • FIG. 4 shows the side view of a linkage 2 of a preferred embodiment of the central buffer coupling according to the invention.
  • Fig. 5 shows a partial sectional view of the linkage 2 of FIG. 4, while FIG. 6 is a complete sectional view thereof.
  • the linkage 2 of the preferred embodiment according to the present invention comprises an elastomeric spring device 10 for damping tensile and impact forces transmitted via the coupling shaft 1 to the linkage 2.
  • the elastomer spring device 10 has a (not explicitly shown) coupling head open towards housing 11, in which the rear end 3 of the coupling shaft 1 projects co-axially with a radial distance from the inner peripheral surface of the housing 11.
  • the rear end 3 of the coupling shaft 1 is connected via the housing 11 with the linkage 2.
  • this connection is made via vertically extending pivot pins 16, to which the housing 11 is connected by means of shearing elements 8 and hinged horizontally pivotably on the bearing block 4 of the car body.
  • prestressed spring rings 13 are provided made of an elastic material, which are aligned vertically with their center planes and arranged at a mutual distance in the longitudinal direction of the coupling shaft 1, wherein both the rear end 3 of the coupling shaft 1 and the inside of the housing 11 facing each other, circumferential annular beads 14, 15 have.
  • These annular beads 14, 15 are designed such that the resilient rings 13 in each case at intervals between two adjacent annular beads 14, 15 opposite the rear end 3 of the coupling shaft 1 and the housing 11 are held.
  • each resilient ring 13 rests directly on both the peripheral surface of the coupling shaft 1 and on the inner peripheral surface 12 of the housing 11, wherein in relation to tensile and impact forces unloaded state of the elastomeric spring device 10, the annular beads 14 of the coupling shaft 1 with the associated annular beads 15 of the housing 11 are aligned, that on the one hand a gimbal movement of the coupling shaft 1 is made possible, and that on the other hand to a defined size tensile and compressive forces can be absorbed and absorbed.
  • the housing 11 of the elastomeric spring device 10 is connected to the articulation 2 with the aid of at least one shearing element 8.
  • the linkage 2 has an upper and a lower vertical pivot pin 16, on which the housing 11 is connected in each case by means of a shear element 8 and pivoted horizontally on the bearing block 4 of the carriage body.
  • the response force of the shearing elements 8 is greater than the amount of force that the elastomer spring device 10 can transmit by regenerative deformation of the resilient rings 13.
  • the housing 11 of the elastomeric spring device 10 is designed to be split in a preferred manner in order to ensure a particularly simple assembly of the spring device 10. Furthermore, this allows the bias of the elastomeric spring means 10 in the longitudinal direction of the coupling shaft 1 are particularly easily adjusted. Conceivable here would also be that the rear end 3 of the coupling shaft 1 has a (not explicitly shown) collar against the one hand, a (not shown) biasing ring with its rear side and on the other hand to the opening of the housing 11 closest resilient ring 13 with the front is applied, wherein the biasing ring biases the resilient rings 13 in the unloaded state of the elastomeric spring device 10 in the longitudinal direction of the coupling shaft 1.
  • the shock absorber 5, 8 of the articulation 2 shown in Figures 4 to 6 consists of an opening provided in the bearing block 4 opening 5 and the Abscherigan already mentioned 8 and is designed such that when exceeding a transmitted via the coupling shaft 1 to the linkage 2, definable critical impact force, the connection between articulation 2 and coupling shaft 1 solved and the coupling shaft 1 at least partially transferred from the articulation 2 Power flow is taken.
  • the coupling shaft 1 In the event of a crash, after the shearing elements 8 have addressed and lost their fastening function, in such a structure the coupling shaft 1 would first be pushed through the opening 5 provided in the bearing block 4 and then through the opening 7 provided in the mounting plate 6 and thus be removed from the force flow , It is also conceivable, instead of an additional opening 7 in the Anschraubplatte 6, the material of the Anschraubplatte perform 6 accordingly, so that the coupling shaft 1 can be pushed after response of the shear elements 8 without too much resistance in a space provided behind the mounting plate 6 space.
  • the bearing block 4 is initially formed without opening 5, and that at the intended position of the opening 5, the material of the bearing block 4 is designed or designed accordingly that when exceeding the critical impact force a slight puncture of the coupling rod is possible.
  • a guide 9 is further provided to exceed the critical impact force and response of the shearing elements 8, the movement of the coupling shaft 1 with the housing 11 and the elastomeric spring element 10 provided therein by the Opening 5 of the bearing block 4 and then through the opening 7 of the support plate 6 to lead.
  • This guide 9 thus allows a very predictable event sequence.
  • FIGS. 7A to 7F show the linkage according to FIGS. 4 to 6 in different states.
  • Fig. 7A shows the linkage in an unloaded state. In this state, the annular ridges of the coupling shaft are aligned with the associated annular ridges of the housing.
  • Fig. 7B shows a loaded with respect to tensile and impact forces state of the elastomeric spring device. As shown, the coupling shaft with the elastomeric spring means provided at its end is slightly displaced in the direction of the carriage body as compared with the state of FIG. 7A. However, the impact force acting on the coupling shaft in the state shown in Fig. 7B is still below the critical impact force at which the shearing elements are responsive.
  • Fig. 7A shows the linkage in an unloaded state. In this state, the annular ridges of the coupling shaft are aligned with the associated annular ridges of the housing.
  • Fig. 7B shows a loaded with respect to tensile and impact forces
  • FIG. 7C shows a loaded state of the linkage after the shock absorber has responded, in which the shearing elements have already been activated and have lost their function as fastening means, so that the coupling shaft (in the figures, only the rear part is shown) together with the housing, in which the elastomer spring device is contained, is pressed from the power flow.
  • Figures 7D to 7F show the further movement of the rear end of the coupling shaft after the response of the shock absorber, the coupling shaft in its course pushed completely out of the coupling plane in a space provided behind the mounting plate of the car body (not explicitly shown) space and thus from the power flow is finally taken until the state shown in Fig. 7F is reached.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vibration Dampers (AREA)
  • Handcart (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Railway Tracks (AREA)
  • Motor Power Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
  • Communication Control (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)

Abstract

The coupling has a coupling-shaft (1) and a linkage (2), which includes a bearing case (4), where the rear end of the shaft is connected with the linkage. The rear end of the shaft is horizontally pivotable by the bearing case at a wagon body of the railway vehicle. A shock proof unit (5) integrated in the linkage is designed such that a connection between the shaft and the linkage is released when a critical impact force transmitted by the shaft to the linkage exceeds, and the shaft partially absorbs the force transmitted to the linkage.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Mittelpufferkupplung für Schienenfahrzeuge mit einem Kupplungsschaft und einer einen Lagerbock aufweisenden Anlenkung, wobei das hintere Ende des Kupplungsschafts mit der Anlenkung verbunden und über den Lagerbock der Anlenkung am Wagenkasten des Schienenfahrzeuges horizontal schwenkbar angelenkt ist.The present invention relates to a central buffer coupling for rail vehicles with a coupling shaft and a bearing block having articulation, wherein the rear end of the coupling shaft connected to the articulation and is articulated horizontally pivotable about the bearing block of the articulation on the car body of the rail vehicle.

Eine derartige Kupplungsanordnung ist aus der Schienenfahrzeugtechnik allgemein bekannt ( DE 35 13 294 A1 , EP 0 947 410 A1 ) und wird verwendet, um eine kraftschlüssige mechanische Verbindung zwischen zwei benachbarten Wagenkästen eines mehrgliedrigen Zugverbandes herzustellen. Damit der Kupplungsschaft auch Schwenkbewegungen ausführen kann, die beispielsweise bei einer Kurvenfahrt des Zugverbandes auftreten, ist die Anlenkung so ausgeführt, dass ein horizontales und vertikales Ausschwenken sowie eine Axialverdrehung der Kupplungsstange ermöglicht wird. Es ist bekannt, dass bei einer starr abgestützten Kupplungsvorrichtung beispielweise während des Kuppelvorganges oder beim Bremsen auftretende Stöße und Vibrationen zu Beschädigungen des Fahrzeuges bzw: der Kupplungsanordnung selber führen können. Zur Vermeidung solcher Beschädigungen ist es notwendig, die Übertragung solcher Stöße, Vibrationen und dergleichen möglichst zu begrenzen. Dies wird vorzugsweise dadurch erreicht, dass die Kupplungsanordnung mit elastischen Dämpfungsmitteln, wie etwa Zug-/Stoßeinrichtungen, zum Absorbieren solcher Stöße versehen wird. Beispielsweise kann die Anlenkung aus einem Lagerbock mit einer Zug-/Stoßeinrichtung bestehen, wobei die Zug-/Stoßeinrichtung Zug- und Druckkräfte bis zu einer definierten Größe elastisch über den Lagerbock in das Fahrzeuguntergestellt leitet. Ziel ist mit einer elastischen Verformung Energie aufzunehmen und somit eine Überbeanspruchung des Untergestells zu verhindern.Such a coupling arrangement is generally known from railway engineering ( DE 35 13 294 A1 . EP 0 947 410 A1 ) and is used to produce a positive mechanical connection between two adjacent car bodies of a multi-unit train. Thus, the coupling shaft can also perform pivotal movements, which occur for example when cornering of the train, the articulation is designed so that a horizontal and vertical swinging and axial rotation of the coupling rod is made possible. It is known that in a rigidly supported coupling device, for example, occurring during the coupling process or during braking shocks and vibrations to damage the vehicle or: the clutch assembly itself can lead. To avoid such damage, it is necessary to limit the transmission of such shocks, vibrations and the like as possible. This is preferably achieved by providing the coupling assembly with elastic damping means, such as pull / push devices, for absorbing such impacts. For example, the linkage may consist of a bearing block with a pull / push device, the pull / push device tensile and compressive forces up to a defined size elastically passes over the bearing block in the vehicle untergestellt. The aim is to absorb energy with an elastic deformation and thus prevent overstressing of the undercarriage.

Aus der Schienenfahrzeugtechnik ist es ferner bekannt, mehrstufige Energieverzehreinrichtungen einzusetzen. Diese weisen in der Regel als Primärstufe eine reversible Energieverzehreinrichtung auf, welche beispielsweise als Zug-/Stoßeinrichtung in der Anlenkung oder als Kupplungsfeder im Kupplungsschaft der Mittelpufferkupplung integriert ist, und welche die im Fahr-, Rangier- und Kupplungsbetrieb auftretenden Stoßkräfte absorbieren soll. Eine zweite, sekundäre Energieverzehreinrichtung zum Absorbieren von aus überhöhten Auflaufstößen sich ergebender Stoßenergie ist darüber hinaus oftmals in Gestalt von zwei Seitenpuffern am äußeren Rand der Stirnseite des jeweiligen Wagenkastens angeordnet. Dabei sind die Energieverzehreinrichtungen so gestaltet, dass die Umsetzung der aus Rangierunfällen resultierenden Aufstoßenergie in zwei ineinander übergehenden Arbeitsstufen bewerkstelligt wird, wobei die erste Stufe in der Mittelpufferkupplung integriert ist und die zweite Stufe der tragenden Wagenkastenstruktur vorgeschaltet wird.From rail vehicle technology, it is also known to use multi-stage energy dissipation facilities. These generally have as a primary stage a reversible energy dissipation device, which is integrated, for example, as a train / shock device in the articulation or as a clutch spring in the coupling shaft of the central buffer, and which should absorb the shock forces occurring in driving, maneuvering and coupling operation. In addition, a second, secondary energy dissipation device for absorbing impact energy resulting from excessive camber impulses is often arranged in the form of two side buffers on the outer edge of the end face of the respective car body. In this case, the energy dissipation devices are designed so that the implementation of the resulting from shunting accidents Aufstoßenergie is accomplished in two merging stages, the first stage is integrated in the central buffer and the second stage of the supporting body structure is preceded.

Ein anderer Ansatz sieht vor, nach Ausschöpfung der kupplungsseitigen Energieverzehreinrichtung die Restenergie über eine Sollbruchstelle in der Kupplungsanordnung auf wagenkastenseitige Energieaufnahmeelemente, beispielsweise Reibelemente, umzuleiten. Dies setzt allerdings voraus, dass der Kupplungsschaft mit dem Kupplungskopf bei Überschreiten eines definierten Kraftniveaus aus dem von der Kupplungsanordnung übertragenen Kraftfluss genommen wird, und so den Zusammenstoß der Wagenkästen und den Einsatz der wagenseitigen Energieaufnahmeelementen erlaubt. In der Regel wird der Kupplungsschaft mit dem Kupplungskopf aus dem Kraftfluss genommen, indem die Kupplung an Sollbruchstellen derart abschert, dass größere Teile der Kupplungsanordnung durch eine Rückwärtsbewegung dieser in einem hierfür vorgesehenen Raum im Untergestell des Fahrzeuges geschoben werden. Eine Abscherfunktion der Kupplung wird üblicherweise dadurch erreicht, dass der Kupplungsschaft selber über den Lagerbock der Anlenkung bzw. eines Gelenk und über ein die Abscherfunktion ermöglichendes, externes Abscherelement am Untergestell des Wagenkastens befestigt ist. Dieser Aufbau, bei dem der Lagerbock mit externen Abscherelementen am Untergestell des Wagenkastens befestigt ist, setzt allerdings voraus, dass zur Montage der Anlenkung und des zur Anlenkung gehörigen Lagerbocks an der jeweiligen Stirnseite des Wagenkastens eine der Kontaktfläche des Lagerbocks entsprechende Öffnung bereitgestellt werden muss, um die externen Abscherelemente im Bezug auf die Anschraubplatte des Wagenkastens von der Rückseite her am Untergestell des Wagenkastens zu befestigen. Dies hat zur Folge, dass der Einbau von externen Abscherelementen sehr aufwendig und kostenintensiv ist. Des weiteren muss grundsätzlich in der Anschraubplatte des Wagenkastens eine relativ große Öffnung ausgebildet werden. Die gleichen Schwierigkeiten treten auch dann auf, wenn die Anlenkung und der zur Anlenkung gehörige Lagerbock nicht direkt sondern über eine Adapterplatte an der Anschraubplatte des Wagenkastens montiert werden.Another approach provides, after exhaustion of the coupling side energy dissipation device, the residual energy via a predetermined breaking point in the clutch assembly on carriage body side energy absorption elements, such as friction elements redirect. However, this presupposes that the coupling shaft is taken to the coupling head at a defined level of force from the force transmitted by the clutch assembly force flow, and thus allows the collision of the car bodies and the use of the car side energy absorbing elements. As a rule, the coupling shaft with the coupling head is removed from the power flow by the coupling shears off at predetermined breaking points in such a way that larger parts of the coupling arrangement are pushed by a backward movement of these in a space provided for this purpose in the undercarriage of the vehicle. A shearing function of the clutch is usually achieved in that the coupling shaft itself is fastened to the lower frame of the car body via the bearing block of the articulation or a joint and via an Abscherfunktion enabling, external shear element. However, this structure, in which the bearing block is fastened with external shear elements on the base of the car body, requires, however, that for the assembly of the linkage and belonging to the articulation bearing block at the respective end face of the car body, a contact surface of the bearing block corresponding opening must be provided the external shearing elements with respect to the mounting plate of the car body of the To attach the back to the undercarriage of the car body. This has the consequence that the installation of external shear elements is very expensive and expensive. Furthermore, in principle, a relatively large opening must be formed in the mounting plate of the car body. The same difficulties occur even when the linkage and belonging to the linkage bearing block are not mounted directly but via an adapter plate on the mounting plate of the car body.

In der Fig. 1 ist in perspektivischer Ansicht eine aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Anlenkung 102 einer Mittelpufferkupplung für Schienenfahrzeuge gezeigt. Die Fig. 2 zeigt die Anlenkung 102 gemäß der Fig. 1 in einer Seitenschnittansicht. Diese Anlenkung 102 gehört zu einer Mittelpufferkupplung, bei der in der Anlenkung 102 eine aus einem Elastomer-Federelement bestehende Zug-/Stoßsicherung 110 integriert ist. Hierbei ist vorgesehen, dass das Elastomer-Federelement 110 Zug- und Druckkräfte bis zu einer definierten Größe aufnimmt. Dadurch werden die während des normalen Fahrbetriebes zwischen den einzelnen Wagenkästen auftretenden Zug- und Stoßkräfte absorbiert. Bei Überschreiten der Betriebslast aber, etwa bei Aufprall des Fahrzeugs auf ein Hindernis, ist es möglich, dass die vorgesehene Energieaufnahme der in der Anlenkung 102 vorgesehenen Zug-/Stoßsicherung 110 nicht ausreichend ist. Damit diese überschüssige Stoßenergie nicht direkt auf das Fahrzeuguntergestell übertragen und dieses extremen Belastungen ausgesetzt wird, ist der Lagerbock 104 der Anlenkung 102 über externe Abscherelemente 108 am Wagenkasten bzw. am Untergestell des Wagenkastens befestigt. Dies ist insbesondere der Fig. 3 zu entnehmen, die eine Draufsicht der Anlenkung 102 gemäß Fig. 1 in einem am Untergestell des Wagenkastens montierten Zustand zeigt. Die externen Abscherelemente 108 sprechen bei Überschreiten der für die Zug-/Stoßsicherung 110 vorgesehenen kritischen Stoßkräfte an, wodurch sie ihre Funktion als Befestigungselemente verlieren, und die gesamte Kupplungsanordnung aus dem übertragenen Kraftfluss genommen wird.FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of an articulation 102, known from the prior art, of a central buffer coupling for rail vehicles. FIG. 2 shows the linkage 102 according to FIG. 1 in a side sectional view. This linkage 102 belongs to a central buffer coupling, in which in the articulation 102 an existing from an elastomeric spring element pull / shock protection 110 is integrated. It is provided that the elastomeric spring element 110 receives tensile and compressive forces up to a defined size. As a result, the occurring during normal driving between the individual car bodies tensile and impact forces are absorbed. However, when the operating load is exceeded, for example when the vehicle collides with an obstacle, it is possible that the envisaged energy consumption of the pull / shock protection 110 provided in the articulation 102 is insufficient. So that this excess impact energy is not transmitted directly to the vehicle undercarriage and this is exposed to extreme loads, the bearing block 104 of the linkage 102 is attached via external shear elements 108 on the car body or on the subframe of the car body. This is particularly apparent from Fig. 3, which shows a plan view of the linkage 102 of FIG. 1 in a mounted on the undercarriage of the car body state. The external shearing elements 108 respond when the critical impact forces provided for the shock / shock protection 110 are exceeded, as a result of which they lose their function as fastening elements, and the entire coupling arrangement is removed from the transmitted force flow.

Neben dem Nachteil, dass in der Anschraubplatte 117 des Wagenkastens eine relativ große Öffnung 107 vorgesehen werden muss, um den Lagerbock 104 der Anlenkung 102 am Fahrzeuguntergestell zu befestigen, weist die in der Fig. 3 gezeigte Lösung den weiteren Nachteil auf, dass der Lagerbock 104 nur von der Rückseite der Anschraubplatte 117 über externen Abscherelemente 108 am Fahrzeugkasten befestigt werden kann. Bei Kupplungsanordnungen, bei denen, beispielsweise durch die unmittelbare Nähe eines Drehgestells, ein Anschrauben der Anlenkung von der Rückseite her nicht möglich ist, kann eine solche Abscherlösung der Kupplung nicht eingesetzt werden.In addition to the disadvantage that in the mounting plate 117 of the car body a relatively large opening 107 must be provided to secure the bearing block 104 of the linkage 102 on the vehicle undercarriage, the solution shown in FIG. 3 has the further disadvantage that the bearing block 104th can only be attached from the back of the mounting plate 117 via external shear elements 108 on the vehicle body. In clutch assemblies in which, for example, by the immediate vicinity of a bogie, a screwing the linkage from the back is not possible, such a shearing solution of the coupling can not be used.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt von daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Mittelpufferkupplung der eingangs genannten Art derart weiterzuentwickeln, dass in einem Crashfall, d.h. beim Auftreffen extremer Stoßenergien, die gekuppelten Kupplungen derart verkürzt werden, dass die wagenseitigen Energieaufnahmeelemente der jeweiligen Wagenkästen die beim Stoß zwischen den benachbarten Wagenkästen übertragene Stoßenergie verzehren, ohne dass hierfür externe Abscherelemente im Raum hinter der Kupplung eingesetzt werden, um die Kupplung aus dem Kraftfluss zu nehmen.The present invention is therefore based on the object, a middle buffer coupling of the type mentioned in such a way that in a crash, i. upon impact of extreme impact energies, the coupled clutches are shortened such that the car side energy absorbing elements of the respective car bodies consume the impact energy transmitted in the impact between the adjacent car bodies without external shearing elements being employed in the space behind the clutch to force the clutch out of the power flow to take.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einer Mittelpufferkupplung für Schienenfahrzeuge der eingangs genannten Art dadurch gelöst, dass die Anlenkung selber eine Stoßsicherung aufweist, wobei die Stoßsicherung derart ausgelegt ist, dass bei Überschreiten einer über den Kupplungsschaft auf die Anlenkung übertragenen, festlegbaren kritischen Stoßkraft die Verbindung zwischen Anlenkung und Kupplungsschaft gelöst und der Kupplungsschaft zumindest teilweise aus dem auf die Anlenkung übertragenen Kraftfluss genommen wird.This object is achieved in a central buffer coupling for rail vehicles of the type mentioned in that the linkage itself has a shock absorber, wherein the shock absorber is designed such that when a transmitted over the coupling shaft on the linkage, definable critical impact force, the connection between linkage and Clutch shaft solved and the coupling shaft is at least partially taken from the transferred to the linkage power flow.

Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung weist eine ganze Reihe wesentlicher Vorteile gegenüber der aus der Schienenfahrzeugtechnik bekannten und vorstehend erläuterten Mittelpufferkupplung auf. Durch die Verwendung einer in der Anlenkung selber vorgesehenen Stoßsicherung, die bei Überschreiten einer auf den Kupplungsschaft auf die Anlenkung übertragenen bestimmten Kraft anspricht, wird die Verbindung zwischen der Anlenkung und dem Kupplungsschaft gelöst, was erlaubt, dass der Kupplungsschaft aus dem auf die Anlenkung übertragenen Kraftfluss gedrückt werden kann, wobei dann die jeweiligen wagenkastenseitigen Energieaufnahmeelemente zum Einsatz kommen und die übertragene Stoßenergie zuverlässig abbauen. Damit wird ein maximal erreichbarer und insbesondere kalkulierbarer Energieverzehr, bei einem vorhersehbaren Ereignisablauf erreicht. Dadurch, dass erfindungsgemäß die Stoßsicherung in der Anlenkung selber integriert ist, ist es nun nicht mehr notwendig, externe Abscherelemente einzusetzen, mit denen der Lagerbock der Anlenkung am Wagenkasten befestigt wird, und die die Stoßsicherungsfunktion erfüllen. Demgemäss ist es mit der erfindungsgemäßen Kupplungsanordnung nicht mehr erforderlich, dass in der Anschraubplatte des Wagenkastens ein Öffnung vorgesehen ist, durch die der Lagerbock hindurchläuft, um von der Rückseite der Anschraubplatte über externe Abscherelemente am Wagenkasten befestigt zu werden. Vielmehr ist es nun möglich, dass der Lagerbock der Anlenkung direkt von der Vorderseite der Anschraubplatte her am Wagenkasten, beispielsweise mit Schrauben, befestigt wird.The solution according to the invention has a number of significant advantages over the known from rail vehicle technology and explained above central buffer coupling. By using a shock absorber provided in the articulation itself, which responds when a certain force transmitted to the coupling shaft is exceeded, the connection between the articulation and the coupling shaft is released, which allows the coupling shaft to be transferred from the force flow transmitted to the articulation can be pressed, in which case the respective carcass side energy absorbing elements are used and reliably reduce the transmitted impact energy. Thus, a maximum achievable and in particular calculable energy consumption is achieved in a predictable event sequence. Due to the fact that according to the invention the shock absorber is integrated in the articulation itself, it is no longer necessary to use external shearing elements, with which the bearing block of the articulation is fastened to the vehicle body, and which fulfill the shock protection function. Accordingly, it is no longer necessary with the clutch assembly according to the invention that in the mounting plate of the car body, an opening is provided through which passes through the bearing block to be fastened from the back of the mounting plate via external shear elements on the car body. Rather, it is now possible that the bearing block of the articulation is attached directly from the front of the mounting plate ago on the car body, for example with screws.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

So ist beispielsweise vorgesehen, dass die Stoßsicherung eine im Lagerbock des Wagenkastens zur Mittelpufferkupplung hin ausgebildete Öffnung aufweist, durch welche nach Überschreiten der kritischen Stoßkraft der Kupplungsschaft zumindest teilweise gedrückt und somit aus dem Kraftfluss genommen wird. Durch die im Lagerbock ausgebildete Öffnung wird erreicht, dass sich der nach Ansprechen der Stoßsicherung von der Anlenkung gelöste Kupplungsschaft rückwärts in einen außerhalb der Kupplungsebene liegenden Raum bewegen kann, um somit aus dem Kraftfluss genommen zu werden. Diese Lösung ist insbesondere deshalb von Vorteil, da somit die die Stoßsicherungsfunktion bzw. Abscherfunktion aufweisende Anlenkung von der Vorderseite der Anschraubplatte montiert werden kann, während in der Anschraubplatte des Wagenkastens keine Öffnung vorgesehen werden muss. Auch ist es denkbar, dass in der Anschraubplatte selber bereits eine mit der im Lagerbock ausgebildeten Öffnung korrespondierende Öffnung vorgesehen ist, durch welche nach Überschreiten der kritischen Stoßkraft der Kupplungsschaft zumindest teilweise gedrückt und somit aus dem Kraftfluss genommen wird, nachdem der Kupplungsschaft die im Lagerbock vorgesehene Öffnung passiert hat. Anstelle einer bereits in der Anschraubplatte des Wagenkastens vorgesehenen Öffnung kann hier aber auch das Material der Anschraubplatte oder die Anschraubplatte selber (beispielsweise durch eine der Öffnung entsprechenden Perforation) entsprechend ausgelegt sein, damit der Kupplungsschaft nach Überschreiten der kritischen Stoßkraft und nach Ansprechen der in der Anlenkung vorgesehenen Stoßsicherung möglichst leicht, d.h. mit nur wenig Widerstand das Material der Anschraubplatte durchstoßen und durch die so in der Anschraubplatte entstandene Öffnung gedrückt werden kann.For example, it is provided that the shock absorber has an opening formed in the bearing block of the car body towards the central buffer coupling through which, after the critical impact force has been exceeded, the coupling shaft is at least partially pressed and thus removed from the force flow. The opening formed in the bearing block ensures that the coupling shaft released after the shock absorber has responded can move backwards into a space outside the coupling plane in order to be taken out of the power flow. This solution is particularly advantageous because thus the impact protection function or Abscherfunktion having linkage can be mounted from the front of the mounting plate, while in the mounting plate of the car body no opening must be provided. It is also conceivable that an opening corresponding to the opening formed in the bearing block is already provided in the screw-on plate by which the coupling shaft is at least partially pressed and thus removed from the force flow after the critical impact force has been exceeded, after the coupling shaft has been provided in the bearing block Opening happened. Instead of an opening already provided in the mounting plate of the car body, the material of the mounting plate or the mounting plate itself (for example, by a perforation corresponding to the opening) can be designed accordingly so that the coupling shaft after exceeding the critical impact force and after the response in the articulation provided shock protection as easy as possible, ie pierce the material of the mounting plate with little resistance and can be pressed by the thus resulting in the mounting plate opening.

In einer vorteilhaften Weiterentwicklung der zuvor genannten Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, dass der Lagerbock der Anlenkung nicht direkt sondern über eine zusätzliche Trägerplatte bzw. Adapterplatte an der Anschraubplatte des Wagenkastens montiert ist, wobei die Trägerplatte ferner eine mit der im Lagerbock vorgesehenen Öffnung korrespondierende Öffnung aufweisen kann. Diese Ausführungsform weist den Vorteil dahingehen auf, dass die Mittelpufferkupplung mit der erfindungsgemäßen Stoßsicherung modular ausgeführt ist und somit ohne aufwendige Umbaumaßnahmen an unterschiedlich ausgeführte Anschraubplatten montiert werden kann. Wie in der vorherigen Ausführungsform angedeutet, ist es auch hier wieder denkbar, dass in der Trägerplatte selbst ursprünglich noch keine eigene Öffnung vorgesehen ist, sondern dass eine entsprechende Öffnung erst ausgebildet wird, nachdem der Kupplungsschaft die im Lagerbock vorgesehene Öffnung passiert hat.In an advantageous further development of the aforementioned embodiment, it is provided that the bearing block of the articulation is not mounted directly but via an additional support plate or adapter plate on the mounting plate of the car body, wherein the support plate may further comprise an opening corresponding to the opening provided in the bearing block. This embodiment has the advantage that the central buffer coupling is designed to be modular with the shock absorber according to the invention and thus can be mounted without elaborate conversion measures on differently designed screw-on plates. As indicated in the previous embodiment, it is again conceivable that in the support plate itself originally no own opening is provided, but that a corresponding opening is formed only after the coupling shaft has passed through the opening provided in the bearing block.

In einer besonders vorteilhaften Realisierung der erfindungsgemäßen Mittelpufferkupplung ist ferner vorgesehen, dass die Anlenkung eine Führung aufweisen kann, um bei Überschreiten der kritischen Stoßkraft die Bewegung des Kupplungsschafts zumindest teilweise aus dem auf die Anlenkung übertragenen Kraftfluss zu führen. Diese Führung ermöglicht einen sehr genau vorhersehbaren Ereignisablauf, da der Kupplungsschaft bei Überschreiten eines definierten Kraftniveaus in einer geführten Art und Weise aus dem Kraftfluss genommen werden kann und so den Zusammenstoß der Wagenkästen und den Einsatz der wagenseitigen Energieaufnahmeelemente erlaubt.In a particularly advantageous realization of the central buffer coupling according to the invention, it is further provided that the articulation can have a guide to at least partially guide the movement of the coupling shaft from the force flow transmitted to the articulation when the critical impact force is exceeded. This guide allows a very predictable event sequence, since the coupling shaft can be taken in a guided manner from the power flow when exceeding a defined level of force in a guided manner and thus allows the collision of the car bodies and the use of the car side energy absorbing elements.

In einer besonders vorteilhaften Realisierung der letztgenannten Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, dass die Führung eine Anlaufschräge in Richtung der im Lagerbock vorgesehen Öffnung aufweist, wobei die Führung derart ausgebildet ist, dass bei Überschreiten der kritischen Stoßkraft der Kupplungsschaft durch die Öffnung im Lagerbock gedrückt wird. Hierbei handelt es sich um eine besonders einfach zu realisierende, wartungsfreie und zuverlässig funktionierende Gestaltung der Führung. Selbstverständlich sind aber auch andere Ausführungsformen der Führung denkbar.In a particularly advantageous realization of the latter embodiment, it is provided that the guide has a run-on slope in the direction of the opening provided in the bearing block, wherein the guide is designed such that when the critical impact force is exceeded, the coupling shaft is pressed through the opening in the bearing block. This is a particularly simple to implement, maintenance-free and reliable functioning design of the guide. Of course, however, other embodiments of the leadership are conceivable.

Besonders bevorzugt ist vorgesehen, dass die Stoßsicherung zumindest ein Abscherelement aufweist, mit Hilfe dessen der Kupplungsschaft mit der Anlenkung verbunden ist, wobei das Abscherelement derart ausgeführt ist, dass es bei einer von dem Kupplungsschaft auf die Anlenkung übertragenen kritischen Stoßkraft abschert, und somit die Verbindung zwischen Kupplungsschaft und Anlenkung gelöst wird. Hierbei ist unter dem Begriff "Abscherelement" ein Verbindungsglied zu verstehen, welches beim Überschreiten einer bestimmten Kraft in Längs- und/oder Querrichtung des Kupplungsschafts zerbricht bzw. abschert und dadurch seine Funktion als Verbindungsglied verliert. Dabei ist denkbar, das Abscherelement derart auszuführen, dass nur Kraftmomente um eine bestimmte Achse, beispielsweise die Längsachse des Kupplungsschafts, ein Ansprechen der Stoßsicherung bewirken wird. Selbstverständlich sind hier aber auch andere Ausführungsformen des Abscherelementes denkbar. So kann beispielsweise das Abscherelement auch so ausgeführt sein, dass es bei Überschreiten einer bestimmten Kraft sowohl in Längs- als auch in Querrichtung des Kupplungsschafts anspricht und dadurch seine Funktion als Verbindungsglied verliert. Auch ist denkbar, das Abscherelement so auszuführen, dass es nur bei Stoßkräften und nicht auch bei Zugkräften anspricht.Particularly preferably it is provided that the shock absorber has at least one shearing element, by means of which the coupling shaft is connected to the articulation, wherein the shearing element is designed such that it shears at a transmitted from the coupling shaft to the articulation critical impact force, and thus the connection between coupling shaft and linkage is released. Here, the term "shear element" is to be understood as a connecting member which breaks or shears when a certain force in the longitudinal and / or transverse direction of the coupling shaft is exceeded and thereby loses its function as a connecting member. It is conceivable to perform the shearing element such that only moments of force about a certain axis, for example, the longitudinal axis of the coupling shaft, a response of the shock protection will cause. Of course, other embodiments of the shearing element are also conceivable here. Thus, for example, the shearing element can also be designed so that it responds when a certain force is exceeded both in the longitudinal and in the transverse direction of the coupling shaft and thereby loses its function as a connecting member. It is also conceivable to design the shearing element so that it only responds to impact forces and not even to tensile forces.

In einer speziellen Ausführungsform weist die Stoßsicherung ein Abscherelement mit zumindest einer Sollbruchstelle auf, die bei einer festlegbaren kritischen Stoßkraft bricht, so dass das Abscherelement seine Funktion als Verbindungsglied verliert und somit die Verbindung zwischen Kupplungsschaft und Anlenkung gelöst wird. Der Vorteil einer Sollbruchstelle ist darin zu sehen, dass ein derartiges Abscherelement besonders einfach zu realisieren ist, wobei nach wie vor das Ansprechverhalten des Abscherelementes sehr zuverlässig einstellbar ist. Anders ausgedrückt bedeutet dies, dass vorab die kritische Stoßkraft, bei der das Abscherelement der Stoßsicherung aktiviert wird und seine Funktion als Verbindungsglied verliert, genau festlegbar ist.In a special embodiment, the shock absorber has a shearing element with at least one predetermined breaking point, which breaks at a definable critical impact force, so that the shear element loses its function as a link and thus the connection between the coupling shaft and linkage is released. The advantage of a predetermined breaking point is that such a shearing element is particularly easy to implement, whereby the response of the shearing element is still very reliably adjustable. In other words, this means that in advance the critical impact force at which the shearing element of the shock absorber is activated and loses its function as a connecting member, can be accurately determined.

Besonders bevorzugt ist, dass die erfindungsgemäße Mittelpufferkupplung bei einer Kupplungsvorrichtung eingesetzt werden kann, bei der die Anlenkung eine Augbolzen-anlenkung ist, wobei dann das Abscherelement der Bolzen der Augbolzen-Anlenkung ist, und wobei der Kupplungsschaft mit dem Auge der Augbolzen-Anlenkung bei Überschreiten der festgelegten kritischen Stoßkraft aus dem auf die Anlenkung übertragenen Kraftfluss genommen wird. Denkbar hierbei wäre, dass der als Abscherelement dienende Bolzen beim Überschreiten der festgelegten kritischen Stoßkraft zerbricht und somit seine Funktion als Verbindungsglied verliert, infolgedessen der Kupplungsschaft mit dem an seinen hinteren Ende vorgesehenen Auge aus dem Kraftfluss genommen wird, indem er beispielsweise durch die im Lagerbock des Wagenkastens ausgebildete Öffnung hindurch gedrückt wird.It is particularly preferred that the central buffer coupling according to the invention can be used in a coupling device in which the articulation is an eye bolt articulation, in which case the shearing element of the pin of the eye bolt articulation, and wherein the coupling shaft with the eye of the eye bolt articulation when exceeded the specified critical impact force is taken from the force flow transmitted to the linkage. Conceivable here would be that serving as Abscherelement bolt breaks when exceeding the specified critical impact force and thus loses its function as a link, as a result, the coupling shaft is taken with the provided at its rear end eye from the power flow, for example, by the in the bearing block of the Wagenkastens trained opening is pushed through.

In einer weiteren, wenn auch teilweise aus der Schienenfahrzeugtechnik bekannten Lösung, ist vorgesehen, dass die Mittelpufferkupplung ferner eine Elastomer-Federeinrichtung zum Dämpfen von über den Kupplungsschaft auf die Anlenkung übertragener Zug- und Stoßkräfte aufweist. Dabei ist vorgesehen, dass die Elastomer-Federeinrichtung ein zum Kupplungskopf hin offenes Gehäuse enthält, in welches das hintere Ende des Kupplungsschafts mit einem radialen Abstand von der Innenumfangsfläche des Gehäuses co-axial hineinragt, wobei somit das hintere Ende des Kupplungsschafts über das Gehäuse mit der Anlenkung verbunden ist. Bei einer Elastomer-Federeinrichtung, die integrierte Elastomerfedern enthält, sind in vorteilhafterweise zwischen der Innenumfangsfläche des Gehäuses vorgespannte federnde Ringe aus einem elastischen Werkstoff vorgesehen, die mit ihren Mittelebenen vertikal ausgerichtet und mit gegenseitigem Abstand in Längsrichtung des Kupplungsschafts hintereinander angeordnet sind. Allerdings ist hier auch denkbar, anstelle mehrerer einzelner, hintereinander angeordneter Ringe ein einziges zylinderförmiges Elastomer-Element (Elastomer-Zylinder) zu verwenden, auf dessen Außenumfangsfläche ringförmig umlaufende Elastomer-Wülste vorgesehen sind. In einer möglichen Realisierung der Elastomer-Federeinrichtung weisen ferner sowohl das hintere Ende des Kupplungsschafts als auch die Innenseite des Gehäuse zueinander gerichtete umlaufende Ringwülste auf, wobei die aus einem elastischen Werkstoff hergesellten federnden Ringe bzw. der genannte Elastomer-Zylinder mit den Ringwülsten jeweils in Zwischenräumen zwischen zwei benachbarten Ringwülsten gegenüber dem hinteren Ende des Kupplungsschafts und dem Gehäuse gehalten werden, wobei jeder federnde Ring unmittelbar sowohl an der Umfangsfläche des Kupplungsschafts als auch an der Innenumfangsfläche des Gehäuses anliegt, und wobei in mit Bezug auf Zug- und Stoßkräfte unbelastetem Zustand der Elastomer-Federeinrichtung die Ringwülste des Kupplungsschafts mit den zugeordneten Ringwülsten des Gehäuses fluchten. Erfindungsgemäß ist nun vorgesehen, dass mit Hilfe des zumindest einen Abscherelements das Gehäuse der Elastomer-Federeinrichtung mit der Anlenkung verbunden ist, so dass bei Überschreiten der festgelegten kritischen Stoßkraft der Kupplungsschaft mit dem Gehäuse und der darin vorgesehenen Elastomer-Federeinrichtung aus dem auf die Anlenkung übertragenen Kraftfluss genommen wird. Diese Lösung gestattet ist, dass die erfindungsgemäße, in der Anlenkung vorgesehene Stoßsicherung auch bei Anlenkungen eingesetzt werden können, in denen ein Elastomer-Federgelenk (EFG) vorgesehen ist. Hierbei sei darauf hingewiesen, dass diese Ausführungsform selbstverständlich nicht nur auf Elastomer-Federeinrichtungen beschränkt sondern auch bei anderen in der Anlenkung integrierten Zug-/Stoßeinrichtungen anwendbar ist. Beispielsweise kann eine derartige Zug-/Stoßeinrichtung auch mit Gummihohlfedern, Reibungsfedern, hydraulischen Einrichtungen und Kombinationen hiervon ausgeführt werden. Auch ist es denkbar, neben regenerativen Stoßelementen ferner destruktive Stoßelemente einzusetzen. Ein weiterer Vorteil dieser Ausführungsform liegt darin, dass nach Überschreiten der kritischen Stoßkraft durch das Trennen der Verbindung zwischen Anlenkung und Kupplungsschaft nicht nur der Kupplungsschaft sondern auch das Gehäuse des Lagerbocks aus dem Kraftfluss genommen werden, so dass das Gehäuse an seiner ursprünglichen Position am Wagenkasten verbleibt. Insbesondere wird dadurch nicht mehr das Gehäuse des Lagerbocks zusammen mit der Anlenkung in einen im Untergestell des Wagenkastens hierfür vorgesehenen Raum geschoben, wie es bei herkömmlichen Mittelpufferkupplungen der Fall war. Stattdessen verbleibt das Gehäuse am Wagenkasten und übernimmt im Hinblick auf den von der Anlenkung gelösten Kupplungsschaft die Funktion eines "Führungsprofils" bzw. eines "Auffangelements", da der Kupplungsschaft im oder am Gehäuse abgestützt werden kann und somit verhindert wird, dass der abgetrennte Kupplungsschaft auf die Strecke herunterfallen kann.In a further, although partially known from the rail vehicle technology solution, it is provided that the central buffer coupling further comprises an elastomeric spring device for damping transmitted via the coupling shaft on the linkage tensile and impact forces. It is envisaged that the elastomeric spring device includes an open towards the coupling head housing, in which the rear end of the coupling shaft protrudes co-axially with a radial distance from the inner peripheral surface of the housing, whereby thus the rear end of the coupling shaft on the housing with the Linkage is connected. In an elastomeric spring device containing integrated elastomer springs, resiliently prestressed resilient rings of an elastic material are advantageously provided between the inner peripheral surface of the housing, which are aligned vertically with their center planes and arranged one behind the other at a mutual distance in the longitudinal direction of the coupling shaft. However, it is also conceivable here to use a single cylindrical elastomer element (elastomer cylinder) instead of a plurality of individual rings arranged one behind the other, on the outer peripheral surface of which annular elastomer beads are provided. In a possible realization of the elastomeric spring means further include both the rear end of the coupling shaft and the Inside the housing to each other directed circumferential annular beads, wherein the made of an elastic material resilient rings or the said elastomeric cylinders are held with the annular beads in each case in spaces between two adjacent annular beads against the rear end of the coupling shaft and the housing, each resilient Ring rests directly on both the peripheral surface of the coupling shaft and on the inner peripheral surface of the housing, and wherein in relation to tensile and impact forces unloaded state of the elastomeric spring device, the annular ridges of the coupling shaft are aligned with the associated annular ridges of the housing. According to the invention, it is now provided that with the aid of the at least one shearing element, the housing of the elastomeric spring device is connected to the articulation, so that when exceeding the specified critical impact force of the coupling shaft with the housing and the elastomeric spring device provided therein from the transmitted to the articulation Power flow is taken. This solution is allowed that the invention provided in the articulation shock protection can also be used in linkages in which an elastomer-spring joint (EFG) is provided. It should be noted that this embodiment is of course not limited to elastomer spring devices but also in other integrated in the articulation train / shock devices is applicable. For example, such a pull / push device may also be implemented with hollow rubber springs, friction springs, hydraulic devices, and combinations thereof. It is also conceivable to use destructive impact elements in addition to regenerative impact elements. Another advantage of this embodiment is that after exceeding the critical impact force by separating the connection between linkage and coupling shaft not only the coupling shaft but also the housing of the bearing block are taken from the power flow, so that the housing remains in its original position on the car body , In particular, it is no longer pushed the housing of the bearing block together with the articulation in a space provided in the undercarriage of the car body space, as was the case with conventional central buffer couplings. Instead, the housing remains on the car body and takes over with regard to the coupling shaft detached from the coupling function of a "guide profile" or a "collecting element", since the coupling shaft can be supported in or on the housing and thus prevents the separated coupling shaft the track can fall down.

Besonders bevorzugt ist vorgesehen, dass die erfindungsgemäße Mittelpufferkupplung gemäß der letztgenannten Ausführungsform, d.h. die Mittelpufferkupplung mit der Elastomer-Federeinrichtung, so ausgeführt ist, dass die von über den Kupplungsschaft auf die Anlenkung übertragenen Zug- und Stoßkräfte durch regenerative Verformung der Ringe bzw. der in der Anlenkung vorgesehenen Zug-/Stoßeinrichtung bis zu einer festdefinierten Größe gedämpft werden, wobei die festdefinierte Größe auf einen Wert kleiner als die Ansprechkraft des zumindest einen Abscherelements festgelegt ist. Hierdurch wird erreicht, dass die Zug-/Stoßeinrichtung Zug und Druck bis zu der festdefinierten Größe aufnimmt und somit kleinere Stöße, wie beispielsweise während des Fahrens und beim Bremsen auftretende Stöße und Vibrationen, absorbiert und damit eliminiert. Die darüber hinausgehenden Kräfte, etwa beim Aufprall des Fahrzeugs auf ein Hindernis, bewirken, dass die in der Anlenkung integrierte Stoßsicherung und insbesondere das Abscherelement anspricht, wodurch die Verbindung zwischen der Anlenkung und dem Kupplungsschaft gelöst und der Kupplungsschaft zumindest teilweise aus dem auf die Anlenkung übertragenen Kraftfluss genommen wird, wodurch nach Ausschöpfung der in der Anlenkung vorgesehenen Energieverzehreinrichtung die Restenergie auf wagenkastenseitige Energieaufnahmeelemente, beispielsweise Reibeelemente, übertragen wird. Der Vorteil liegt hierin, dass bei einem Unfall ein größtmöglicher kalkulierbarer Energieverzehr bei einem vorhersehbaren Ereignisablauf erreicht werden kann, da die Mittelpufferkupplung bei Überschreiten eines definierten Kraftniveaus aus dem Kraftfluss genommen wird, und so den Zusammenstoß der Wagenkästen und den Einsatz der wagenkastenseitigen Energieaufnahmeelemente erlaubt.It is particularly preferred that the central buffer coupling according to the invention according to the latter embodiment, ie the central buffer coupling with the Elastomer spring device is designed so that the transmitted from the coupling shaft on the linkage tensile and impact forces are dampened by regenerative deformation of the rings or provided in the articulation Zug- / Stoßeinrichtung up to a festdefined size, the fixed-defined size is set to a value smaller than the response of the at least one shearing element. This ensures that the pull / push device absorbs tension and pressure up to the firmly defined size and thus absorbs and thus eliminates minor shocks, such as shocks and vibrations occurring during driving and braking. The beyond forces, such as the impact of the vehicle on an obstacle, cause the integrated shock absorber in the articulation and in particular the shearing element responds, thereby solving the connection between the linkage and the coupling shaft and the coupling shaft at least partially transferred from the articulation Power flow is taken, whereby after exhaustion of the provided in the articulation energy dissipation device, the residual energy is transferred to wagenkastenseitige energy absorption elements, such as friction elements. The advantage of this is that the greatest possible calculable energy consumption in a predictable event sequence can be achieved in an accident, since the central buffer coupling is removed from the power flow when a defined force level is exceeded, and thus allows the collision of the car bodies and the use of the carcass side energy absorption elements.

In vorteilhafter Weise ist bei der erfindungsgemäßen Mittelpufferkupplung, welche die Elastomer-Federeinrichtung aufweist, vorgesehen, dass die Anlenkung zumindest einen vertikal verlaufenden Drehzapfen aufweist, mit dem das Gehäuse mit Hilfe des zumindest einen Abscherelements verbunden und am Lagerbock des Wagenkastens horizontal schwenkbar angeordnet ist. Hierbei ist in bevorzugter Weise das Abscherelement zwischen dem zumindest einen Drehzapfen und dem Gehäuse vorgesehen. Denkbar hierbei wäre auch, den Drehzapfen direkt mit dem Gehäuse zu verbinden, wobei diese Verbindung eine Sollbruchstelle aufweist. Um eine möglichst stabile horizontal schwenkbare Anlenkung des Gehäuses am Lagerbock zu gewährleisten, sind in bevorzugter Weise mehrere vertikal verlaufende Drehzapfen vorgesehen, wobei an jedem einzelnen Drehzapfen ein Abscherelement vorgesehen sein kann.Advantageously, in the inventive central buffer coupling, which has the elastomeric spring device, it is provided that the articulation has at least one vertically extending pivot with which the housing is connected by means of the at least one shearing element and horizontally pivotally mounted on the bearing block of the car body. Here, in a preferred manner, the shearing element between the at least one pivot and the housing is provided. It would also be conceivable to connect the trunnion directly to the housing, this connection having a predetermined breaking point. In order to ensure the most stable horizontally pivotable articulation of the housing on the bearing block, a plurality of vertically extending pivot pins are provided in a preferred manner, wherein a shearing element may be provided on each pivot.

Um eine möglichst einfach zu realisierende und insbesondere möglichst einfach zu montierende Elastomer-Federeinrichtung zu erreichen, ist in bevorzugter Weise vorgesehen, dass das Gehäuse der Elastomer-Federeinrichtung, welches mit Hilfe des zumindest einen Abscherelements am Lagerbock des Wagenkastens horizontal schwenkbar angelenkt ist, aus zwei Halbschalen besteht, die lösbar miteinander verbunden werden können. Als Verbindung kommen beispielsweise Schraubbolzen in Frage. Selbstverständlich ist aber auch denkbar, nicht zwei, sondern mehrere Gehäuseteile zu verwenden. Hiermit wird der Einbau der Ringe erleichtert. Außerdem sind die Ringe bei gewissem Übermaß über die Schraubbolzen bzw. Schrauben mit Vorspannung senkrecht zur Längsrichtung des Kupplungsschafts einbaubar, wodurch ein fester Sitz der Ringe zwischen Kupplungsschaft und Gehäuse herstellbar ist.In order to achieve an elastomer spring device which is as simple as possible to realize and particularly easy to assemble, it is preferably provided that the housing of the elastomer spring device, which is hinged horizontally with the aid of the at least one shearing element on the bearing block of the car body, consists of two half-shells, which can be detachably connected to each other. As a connection, for example, bolts come into question. Of course, it is also conceivable not to use two, but a plurality of housing parts. This facilitates the installation of the rings. In addition, the rings at a certain excess on the bolts or screws with bias perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the coupling shaft can be installed, whereby a tight fit of the rings between the coupling shaft and housing can be produced.

Bei einer Weiterbildung der die Elastomer-Federeinrichtung aufweisenden erfindungsgemäßen Mittelpufferkupplung ist vorgesehen, dass der Kupplungsschaft an seinem zur Gehäuseöffnung weisenden Abschnitt einen Bund aufweist, gegen den einerseits ein Vorspannring mit seiner hinteren Seite und andererseits der zur Öffnung des Gehäuses nächstliegende Ring mit dessen Vorderseite anliegt, wobei der Vorspannring die Ringe im unbelasteten Zustand der Elastomer-Federeinrichtung in Längsrichtung des Kupplungsschafts vorspannt. Hierdurch wird erreicht, dass der Elastomer-Federeinrichtung eine gezielte, reproduzierbare Vorspannung nach Betrag und Richtung aufgeprägt werden kann. Des weiteren ist die Erzeugung sowie die Einstellbarkeit der Vorspannung der Federeinrichtung vereinfacht.In a further development of the elastomeric spring device having inventive central buffer coupling is provided that the coupling shaft has at its opening facing the housing opening a collar against which on the one hand a biasing ring with its rear side and on the other hand the closest to the opening of the housing ring with its front wherein the biasing ring biases the rings in the unloaded state of the elastomeric spring means in the longitudinal direction of the coupling shaft. This ensures that the elastomeric spring device a targeted, reproducible bias voltage can be impressed in terms of magnitude and direction. Furthermore, the generation and the adjustability of the bias of the spring device is simplified.

Eine genauere und feinere Einstellung der Vorspannung der Elastomer-Federeinrichtung wird in bevorzugter Weise durch eine Bauart erreicht, bei der die Erzeugung und Einstellung der Vorspannkraft in Längsrichtung des Kupplungsschafts über ein Druckstück erfolgt, welches am Gehäuse mittels Schrauben befestigt und abgestützt ist.A more accurate and finer adjustment of the bias of the elastomer spring means is achieved in a preferred manner by a type in which the generation and adjustment of the biasing force in the longitudinal direction of the coupling shaft via a pressure piece, which is fastened and supported on the housing by means of screws.

Im Nachfolgenden wird die Erfindung anhand der Zeichnungen näher beschrieben.In the following the invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

Es zeigen:Show it:

Fig. 1:Fig. 1:
eine perspektivische Ansicht einer aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Anlenkung einer Mittelpufferkupplung;a perspective view of a known from the prior art articulation of a central buffer coupling;
Fig. 2:Fig. 2:
die Anlenkung gemäß Fig. 1 in einer Seitenschnittansicht;the linkage of Figure 1 in a side sectional view.
Fig. 3:3:
die Anlenkung gemäß Fig. 1 in einer Draufsicht;the linkage of Figure 1 in a plan view.
Fig. 4:4:
eine Seitenansicht einer Anlenkung einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Mittelpufferkupplung;a side view of an articulation of a preferred embodiment of the central buffer coupling according to the invention;
Fig. 5:Fig. 5:
eine Teil-Schnittansicht der Anlenkung gemäß Fig. 4;a partial sectional view of the linkage of FIG. 4;
Fig. 6:Fig. 6:
eine vollständige Schnittansicht der Anlenkung gemäß Fig. 4; unda complete sectional view of the linkage of FIG. 4; and
Fig. 7A-F:Fig. 7A-F:
Darstellungen der Anlenkung der Mittelpufferkupplung gemäß Fig. 4 in unterschiedlichen Zustände.Representations of the articulation of the central buffer coupling according to FIG. 4 in different states.

Fig. 1 zeigt in einer perspektivischen Ansicht eine in einer aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Mittelpufferkupplung verwendete Anlenkung 102. In Fig. 2 ist die Anlenkung 102 gemäß Fig. 1 in einer Seitenschnittansicht gezeigt. Wie dargestellt, ist in der Anlenkung 102 ein Elastomer-Federelement 110 als Zug-/Stoßeinrichtung integriert. Dieses Federelement 110 ist derart ausgelegt, dass Zug und Druck bis zu einer fest definierten Größe aufgenommen und darüber hinausgehende Kräfte über den Lagerbock 104 in das Fahrzeuguntergestell weitergeleitet werden. Die in Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellte Anlenkung 102 umfasst den hinteren Teil der Kupplungsanordnung und dient dazu, den Kupplungsschaft 101 über den Lagerbock 104 an der (hier nicht explizit dargestellten) Anschraubplatte des Wagenkastens horizontal schwenkbar anzulenken.FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of an articulation 102 used in a middle buffer coupling known from the prior art. FIG. 2 shows the articulation 102 according to FIG. 1 in a side sectional view. As shown, an elastomer spring element 110 is integrated as a pull / push device in the linkage 102. This spring element 110 is designed in such a way that tension and pressure are absorbed up to a defined size and further forces are transmitted via the bearing block 104 into the vehicle undercarriage. The linkage 102 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 comprises the rear part of the coupling arrangement and serves to pivot the coupling shaft 101 horizontally in a pivotable manner via the bearing block 104 on the screw-on plate of the car body (not explicitly shown here).

Fig. 3 zeigt die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte und in Fig. 1 und 2 gezeigte Anlenkung 102 in einer Draufsicht. In der in Fig. 3 gewählten Darstellung ist der Lagerbock 104 der Anlenkung 102 an der Anschraubplatte 117 des Wagenkastens befestigt. Hierzu ist in der Anschraubplatte 117 eine entsprechende Öffnung 107 vorgesehen, durch welche der Lagerbock 104 teilweise hindurchragt. Der Lagerbock 104 selber ist über externe Abscherelemente 108 am Untergestell des Wagenkasten befestigt. Aus der Fig. 3 ist ersichtlich, dass die Befestigung des Lagerbocks 104 mit Hilfe der externen Abscherelemente 108 nur von der Rückseite der Anschraubplatte 117 erfolgen kann. Die externen Abscherelemente 108 sind derart ausgelegt, dass sie in einem Crashfall, d.h. beim Auftreffen extremer Stoßenergien, ansprechen und dadurch ihre Funktion als Befestigungselemente für den Lagerbock 104 verlieren. In solch einem Fall kann der Lagerbock 104 zusammen mit der Anlenkung 102 und dem daran angelenkten Kupplungsschaft 101 in einen im Untergestell des Wagenkastens hierfür vorgesehenen (nicht explizit dargestellten) Raum geschoben und somit zumindest teilweise aus dem mit der Kupplungsanordnung übertragenen Kraftfluss genommen werden.Fig. 3 shows the known from the prior art and shown in Fig. 1 and 2 linkage 102 in a plan view. In the illustration chosen in Fig. 3, the bearing block 104 of the linkage 102 is attached to the mounting plate 117 of the car body. For this purpose, a corresponding opening 107 is provided in the mounting plate 117, through which the bearing block 104 partially protrudes. The bearing block 104 itself is attached via external Abscherelemente 108 to the base of the car body. From Fig. 3 it can be seen that the attachment of the bearing block 104 by means of the external Abscherelemente 108 can be made only from the back of the mounting plate 117. The external shearing elements 108 are designed such that they respond in the event of a crash, ie when extreme impact energies impinge, and thereby lose their function as fastening elements for the bearing block 104. In such a case, the bearing block 104 can be pushed together with the linkage 102 and the coupling shaft 101 hinged thereto in a provided in the undercarriage of the car body (not explicitly shown) space and thus at least partially taken from the transferred with the clutch assembly power flow.

Wie bereits dargelegt, weist die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Lösung, bei welcher externe Abscherelemente 108 vorgesehen sind, um einerseits den Lagerbock 104 der Anlenkung 102 am Wagenkasten zu befestigen und andererseits die Funktion der Stoßsicherung zu übernehmen, verschiedene Nachteile auf, die im Folgenden zur Vermeidung von Wiederholungen nur noch kurz angesprochen werden sollen. Zum einen hat es sich als nachteilig erwiesen, dass in der Anschraubplatte 117 des Wagenkastens eine relativ große Öffnung 107 vorgesehen werden muss, um den Lagerbock 104 der Anlenkung 102 über externe Abscherelemente 108 am Fahrzeuguntergestell zu befestigen. Darüber hinaus kann der Lagerbock 104 (bzw. die externen Abscherelemente 108) nur von der Rückseite der Anschraubplatte 117 am Wagenkasten befestigt werden. Diese Nachteile sind insbesondere im Hinblick auf eine kostengünstige Lösung für eine eine Stoßsicherungsfunktion aufweisende Anlenkung von großer Bedeutung, da hiermit die Montage der Anlenkung 102 am Wagenkasten äußerst zeitintensiv und aufwendig ist.As already explained, the solution known from the state of the art, in which external shearing elements 108 are provided in order, on the one hand, to fasten the bearing block 104 of the articulation 102 to the vehicle body and, on the other hand, to assume the function of shock protection, has various disadvantages, which are described below To avoid repetition only briefly be addressed. On the one hand, it has proven to be disadvantageous that a relatively large opening 107 must be provided in the mounting plate 117 of the car body in order to fasten the bearing block 104 of the linkage 102 via external shear elements 108 to the vehicle undercarriage. In addition, the bearing block 104 (or the external shear elements 108) can only be attached to the car body from the rear side of the screw plate 117. These disadvantages are of great importance, in particular with regard to a cost-effective solution for a linkage having a shock-absorbing function, since hereby the assembly of the linkage 102 on the vehicle body is extremely time-consuming and expensive.

Fig. 4 zeigt die Seitenansicht einer Anlenkung 2 einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Mittelpufferkupplung. Fig. 5 zeigt eine Teil-Schnittansicht der Anlenkung 2 gemäß Fig. 4, während Fig. 6 eine vollständige Schnittansicht dieser darstellt.4 shows the side view of a linkage 2 of a preferred embodiment of the central buffer coupling according to the invention. Fig. 5 shows a partial sectional view of the linkage 2 of FIG. 4, while FIG. 6 is a complete sectional view thereof.

Die Anlenkung 2 der bevorzugten Ausführungsform gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung weist eine Elastomer-Federeinrichtung 10 zum Dämpfen von über den Kupplungsschaft 1 auf die Anlenkung 2 übertragenen Zug- und Stoßkräfte auf. Dabei ist vorgesehen, dass die Elastomer-Federeinrichtung 10 ein zum (nicht explizit gezeigten) Kupplungskopf hin offenes Gehäuse 11 aufweist, in welches das hintere Ende 3 des Kupplungsschafts 1 mit einem radialen Abstand von der Innenumfangsfläche des Gehäuses 11 co-axial hineinragt. Das hintere Ende 3 des Kupplungsschafts 1 ist über das Gehäuse 11 mit der Anlenkung 2 verbunden. In der in den Fig. 4 bis 6 gezeigten Ausführungsform erfolgt diese Verbindung über vertikal verlaufende Drehzapfen 16, an die das Gehäuse 11 mit Hilfe von Abscherelementen 8 verbunden und am Lagerbock 4 des Wagenkastens horizontal schwenkbar angelenkt ist.The linkage 2 of the preferred embodiment according to the present invention comprises an elastomeric spring device 10 for damping tensile and impact forces transmitted via the coupling shaft 1 to the linkage 2. It is provided that the elastomer spring device 10 has a (not explicitly shown) coupling head open towards housing 11, in which the rear end 3 of the coupling shaft 1 projects co-axially with a radial distance from the inner peripheral surface of the housing 11. The rear end 3 of the coupling shaft 1 is connected via the housing 11 with the linkage 2. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, this connection is made via vertically extending pivot pins 16, to which the housing 11 is connected by means of shearing elements 8 and hinged horizontally pivotably on the bearing block 4 of the car body.

Zwischen der Innenumfangsfläche des Gehäuses 11 sind vorgespannte Federnringe 13 aus einem elastischen Werkstoff vorgesehen, die mit ihren Mittelebenen vertikal ausgerichtet und mit gegenseitigem Abstand in Längsrichtung des Kupplungsschafts 1 hintereinander angeordnet sind, wobei sowohl das hintere Ende 3 des Kupplungsschafts 1 als auch die Innenseite des Gehäuses 11 zueinander gerichtete, umlaufende Ringwülste 14, 15 aufweisen. Diese Ringwülste 14, 15 sind derart ausgelegt, dass die federnden Ringe 13 jeweils in Zwischenräumen zwischen zwei benachbarten Ringwülsten 14, 15 gegenüber dem hinteren Ende 3 des Kupplungsschafts 1 und dem Gehäuse 11 gehalten werden. Dadurch, dass jeder federnde Ring 13 unmittelbar sowohl an der Umfangsfläche des Kupplungsschafts 1 als auch an der Innenumfangsfläche 12 des Gehäuses 11 anliegt, wobei in mit Bezug auf Zug- und Stoßkräfte unbelasteten Zustand der Elastomer-Federeinrichtung 10 die Ringwülste 14 des Kupplungsschafts 1 mit den zugeordneten Ringwülsten 15 des Gehäuses 11 fluchten, wird erreicht, dass zum einen eine kardanische Bewegung des Kupplungsschafts 1 ermöglicht wird, und dass zum anderen bis zu einer fest definierten Größe Zug- und Druckkräfte aufgenommen und absorbiert werden können.Between the inner peripheral surface of the housing 11 prestressed spring rings 13 are provided made of an elastic material, which are aligned vertically with their center planes and arranged at a mutual distance in the longitudinal direction of the coupling shaft 1, wherein both the rear end 3 of the coupling shaft 1 and the inside of the housing 11 facing each other, circumferential annular beads 14, 15 have. These annular beads 14, 15 are designed such that the resilient rings 13 in each case at intervals between two adjacent annular beads 14, 15 opposite the rear end 3 of the coupling shaft 1 and the housing 11 are held. Characterized in that each resilient ring 13 rests directly on both the peripheral surface of the coupling shaft 1 and on the inner peripheral surface 12 of the housing 11, wherein in relation to tensile and impact forces unloaded state of the elastomeric spring device 10, the annular beads 14 of the coupling shaft 1 with the associated annular beads 15 of the housing 11 are aligned, that on the one hand a gimbal movement of the coupling shaft 1 is made possible, and that on the other hand to a defined size tensile and compressive forces can be absorbed and absorbed.

Wie bereits erwähnt, ist das Gehäuse 11 der Elastomer-Federeinrichtung 10 mit der Anlenkung 2 mit Hilfe von zumindest einem Abscherelement 8 verbunden. In der bevorzugten Ausführungsform gemäß den Fig. 4 bis 6 weist die Anlenkung 2 einen oberen und einen unteren vertikal verlaufenden Drehzapfen 16 auf, an dem jeweils das Gehäuse 11 mit Hilfe eines Abscherelements 8 verbunden und am Lagerbock 4 des Wagenkasten horizontal schwenkbar angelenkt ist. Im bevorzugter Weise ist dabei vorgesehen, dass die Ansprechkraft der Abscherelemente 8 größer als der Kraftbetrag ist, den die Elastomer-Federeinrichtung 10 durch regenerative Verformung der federnden Ringe 13 übertragen kann.As already mentioned, the housing 11 of the elastomeric spring device 10 is connected to the articulation 2 with the aid of at least one shearing element 8. In the preferred embodiment according to FIGS. 4 to 6, the linkage 2 has an upper and a lower vertical pivot pin 16, on which the housing 11 is connected in each case by means of a shear element 8 and pivoted horizontally on the bearing block 4 of the carriage body. In a preferred manner, it is provided that the response force of the shearing elements 8 is greater than the amount of force that the elastomer spring device 10 can transmit by regenerative deformation of the resilient rings 13.

Das Gehäuse 11 der Elastomer-Federeinrichtung 10 ist in bevorzugter Weise geteilt ausgebildet, um eine besonders einfach Montage der Federeinrichtung 10 zu gewährleisten. Des weiteren kann hierdurch die Vorspannung der Elastomer-Federeinrichtung 10 in Längsrichtung des Kupplungsschafts 1 besonders leicht eingestellt werden. Denkbar hierbei wäre auch, dass das hintere Ende 3 des Kupplungsschafts 1 einen (nicht explizit dargestellten) Bund aufweist, gegen den einerseits ein (nicht dargestellter) Vorspannring mit seiner hinteren Seite und andererseits der zur Öffnung des Gehäuses 11 nächstliegende federnde Ring 13 mit dessen Vorderseite anliegt, wobei der Vorspannring die federnden Ringe 13 in unbelastetem Zustand der Elastomer-Federeinrichtung 10 in Längsrichtung des Kupplungsschafts 1 vorspannt.The housing 11 of the elastomeric spring device 10 is designed to be split in a preferred manner in order to ensure a particularly simple assembly of the spring device 10. Furthermore, this allows the bias of the elastomeric spring means 10 in the longitudinal direction of the coupling shaft 1 are particularly easily adjusted. Conceivable here would also be that the rear end 3 of the coupling shaft 1 has a (not explicitly shown) collar against the one hand, a (not shown) biasing ring with its rear side and on the other hand to the opening of the housing 11 closest resilient ring 13 with the front is applied, wherein the biasing ring biases the resilient rings 13 in the unloaded state of the elastomeric spring device 10 in the longitudinal direction of the coupling shaft 1.

Die Stoßsicherung 5, 8 der in den Figuren 4 bis 6 dargestellten Anlenkung 2 besteht aus einer im Lagerbock 4 vorgesehenen Öffnung 5 und den bereits erwähnten Abscherelementen 8 und ist derart ausgelegt, dass bei Überschreiten einer über den Kupplungsschaft 1 auf die Anlenkung 2 übertragenen, festlegbaren kritischen Stoßkraft die Verbindung zwischen Anlenkung 2 und Kupplungsschaft 1 gelöst und der Kupplungsschaft 1 zumindest teilweise aus dem auf die Anlenkung 2 übertragenen Kraftfluss genommen wird. Dies wird einerseits dadurch erreicht, dass das Gehäuse 11 mit der Anlenkung 2 mit Hilfe des zumindest einen Abscherelements 8 verbunden ist, und andererseits, dass im Lagerbock 4 die zur Mittelpufferkupplung hin ausgebildete Öffnung 5 vorgesehen ist, durch welche nach Überschreiten der kritischen Stoßkraft und nach Ansprechen der Abscherelemente 8 der Kupplungsschaft 1 zumindest teilweise gedrückt und somit aus dem Kraftfluss genommen wird.The shock absorber 5, 8 of the articulation 2 shown in Figures 4 to 6 consists of an opening provided in the bearing block 4 opening 5 and the Abscherelementen already mentioned 8 and is designed such that when exceeding a transmitted via the coupling shaft 1 to the linkage 2, definable critical impact force, the connection between articulation 2 and coupling shaft 1 solved and the coupling shaft 1 at least partially transferred from the articulation 2 Power flow is taken. On the one hand, this is achieved in that the housing 11 is connected to the articulation 2 with the aid of the at least one shearing element 8, and on the other hand, that the opening 5 designed for the central buffer coupling is provided in the bearing block 4, through which the critical impact force and beyond are exceeded Response of shear elements 8 of the coupling shaft 1 is at least partially pressed and thus removed from the power flow.

Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung, bei der die Stoßsicherung 5, 8 in der Anlenkung 2 enthalten ist, ermöglicht es, dass die Anlenkung 2 mit dem Lagerbock 4 direkt an der Anschraubplatte 6 des Wagenkastens montiert werden kann, ohne dass in dieser eine entsprechende Öffnung zur Montage vorgesehen sein muss, und ohne dass der Lagerbock 4 über externe Abscherelemente von der Rückseite der Anschraubplatte 6 des Wagenkastens her befestigt werden muss. Allerdings kann, wie in Fig. 4 bis 6 dargestellt, zusätzlich zu der im Lagerblock 4 vorgesehenen Öffnung 5 auch in der Anschraubplatte 6 eine Öffnung 7 vorgesehen sein, wobei in vorteilhafter Weise beide Öffnurigen 5, 7 miteinander korrespondieren. Im Crashfall würde, nachdem die Abscherelemente 8 angesprochen und ihre Befestigungsfunktion verloren haben, bei solch einem Aufbau der Kupplungsschaft 1 zunächst durch die im Lagerbock 4 vorgesehene Öffnung 5 und dann durch die in der Anschraubplatte 6 vorgesehene Öffnung 7 geschoben und somit aus dem Kraftfluss genommen werden. Auch ist denkbar, anstelle einer zusätzlichen Öffnung 7 in der Anschraubplatte 6 das Material der Anschraubplatte 6 entsprechend auszuführen, so dass der Kupplungsschaft 1 nach Ansprechen der Abscherelemente 8 ohne allzu großem Widerstand in einen hinter der Anschraubplatte 6 vorgesehenen Raum geschoben werden kann. Selbstverständlich ist aber auch denkbar, dass auch der Lagerbock 4 zunächst ohne Öffnung 5 ausgebildet ist, und dass an der vorgesehenen Position der Öffnung 5 das Material des Lagerbocks 4 entsprechend ausgebildet bzw. ausgelegt ist, dass beim Überschreiten der kritischen Stoßkraft ein leichtes Durchstoßen der Kupplungsstange ermöglicht wird.The solution according to the invention, in which the shock absorber 5, 8 is contained in the articulation 2, makes it possible that the linkage 2 can be mounted with the bearing block 4 directly to the mounting plate 6 of the car body, without provided in this a corresponding opening for mounting must be, and without the bearing block 4 must be secured via external shear elements from the back of the mounting plate 6 of the car body ago. However, as shown in Fig. 4 to 6, in addition to the opening provided in the bearing block 4 5 also in the Anschraubplatte 6 an opening 7 may be provided, in an advantageous manner both Öffnurigen 5, 7 correspond to each other. In the event of a crash, after the shearing elements 8 have addressed and lost their fastening function, in such a structure the coupling shaft 1 would first be pushed through the opening 5 provided in the bearing block 4 and then through the opening 7 provided in the mounting plate 6 and thus be removed from the force flow , It is also conceivable, instead of an additional opening 7 in the Anschraubplatte 6, the material of the Anschraubplatte perform 6 accordingly, so that the coupling shaft 1 can be pushed after response of the shear elements 8 without too much resistance in a space provided behind the mounting plate 6 space. Of course, but it is also conceivable that the bearing block 4 is initially formed without opening 5, and that at the intended position of the opening 5, the material of the bearing block 4 is designed or designed accordingly that when exceeding the critical impact force a slight puncture of the coupling rod is possible.

Im Gegensatz zu den aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Anlenkungen, bei denen über externe Abscherelemente eine Stoßsicherung vorgesehen ist, und bei denen die gesamte Anlenkung mit dem dazugehörigen Lagerbock beim Überschreiten der kritischen Stoßkraft abschert und aus dem Kraftfluss genommen wird, führt die erfindungsgemäße Lösung dazu, dass im Crashfall nur der Kupplungsschaft 1 ohne Anlenkung 2 und ohne Lagerbock 4 abreist und aus dem Kraftfluss genommen wird.In contrast to the linkages known from the prior art, in which a shock absorber is provided via external shearing elements, and in which the entire articulation shears off with the associated bearing block when the critical impact force is exceeded and is removed from the force flow, the solution according to the invention leads to this in that in the event of a crash only the coupling shaft 1 leaves without articulation 2 and without bearing block 4 and is removed from the power flow.

In der in den Fig. 4 bis 6 dargestellten bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist ferner eine Führung 9 vorgesehen, um bei Überschreiten der kritischen Stoßkraft und bei Ansprechen der Abscherelemente 8 die Bewegung des Kupplungsschafts 1 mit dem Gehäuse 11 und dem darin vorgesehenen Elastomer-Federelement 10 durch die Öffnung 5 des Lagerbocks 4 und anschließend durch die Öffnung 7 der Trägerplatte 6 zu führen. Diese Führung 9 ermöglicht damit einen sehr genau vorhersehbaren Ereignisablauf.In the preferred embodiment shown in Figs. 4 to 6, a guide 9 is further provided to exceed the critical impact force and response of the shearing elements 8, the movement of the coupling shaft 1 with the housing 11 and the elastomeric spring element 10 provided therein by the Opening 5 of the bearing block 4 and then through the opening 7 of the support plate 6 to lead. This guide 9 thus allows a very predictable event sequence.

Fig. 7A bis Fig. 7F zeigen die Anlenkung gemäß Fig. 4 bis 6 in unterschiedlichen Zuständen. Fig. 7A zeigt die Anlenkung in einem unbelasteten Zustand. In diesem Zustand fluchten die Ringwülste des Kupplungsschafts mit den zugeordneten Ringwülsten des Gehäuses. Fig. 7B zeigt einen mit Bezug auf Zug- und Stoßkräfte belasteten Zustand der Elastomer-Federeinrichtung. Wie dargestellt, ist der Kupplungsschaft mit der an dessen Ende vorgesehenen Elastomer-Federeinrichtung im Vergleich zu dem Zustand gemäß der Fig. 7A etwas in Richtung Wagenkasten verschoben. Allerdings ist die Stoßkraft, die auf den Kupplungsschaft in dem in der Fig. 7B gezeigten Zustand wirkt, noch unterhalb der kritischen Stoßkraft, bei der die Abscherelemente ansprechen. Fig. 7C zeigt einen belasteten Zustand der Anlenkung nach Ansprechen der Stoßsicherung, bei der die Abscherelemente bereits aktiviert wurden und ihre Aufgabe als Befestigungsmittel verloren haben, so dass der Kupplungsschaft (in den Figuren ist lediglich der hintere Teil dargestellt) mitsamt dem Gehäuse, in welchem die Elastomer-Federeinrichtung enthalten ist, aus dem Kraftfluss gedrückt wird. Die Figuren 7D bis 7F zeigen die weitere Bewegung des hinteren Endes des Kupplungsschafts nach dem Ansprechen der Stoßsicherung, wobei der Kupplungsschaft in seinem Verlauf vollständig aus der Kupplungsebene in einen hinter der Anschraubplatte des Wagenkastens vorgesehenen (nicht explizit gezeigten) Raum geschoben und somit aus dem Kraftfluss genommen wird, bis letztendlich der in der Fig. 7F gezeigte Zustand erreicht ist.FIGS. 7A to 7F show the linkage according to FIGS. 4 to 6 in different states. Fig. 7A shows the linkage in an unloaded state. In this state, the annular ridges of the coupling shaft are aligned with the associated annular ridges of the housing. Fig. 7B shows a loaded with respect to tensile and impact forces state of the elastomeric spring device. As shown, the coupling shaft with the elastomeric spring means provided at its end is slightly displaced in the direction of the carriage body as compared with the state of FIG. 7A. However, the impact force acting on the coupling shaft in the state shown in Fig. 7B is still below the critical impact force at which the shearing elements are responsive. Fig. 7C shows a loaded state of the linkage after the shock absorber has responded, in which the shearing elements have already been activated and have lost their function as fastening means, so that the coupling shaft (in the figures, only the rear part is shown) together with the housing, in which the elastomer spring device is contained, is pressed from the power flow. Figures 7D to 7F show the further movement of the rear end of the coupling shaft after the response of the shock absorber, the coupling shaft in its course pushed completely out of the coupling plane in a space provided behind the mounting plate of the car body (not explicitly shown) space and thus from the power flow is finally taken until the state shown in Fig. 7F is reached.

An dieser Stelle sei darauf hingewiesen, dass in Fig. 4 bis 7 die erfindungsgemäße Kupplungsanordnung anhand einer Mittelpufferkupplung erläutert wurde, die eine Elastomer-Federeinrichtung aufweist. Allerdings ist die erfindungsgemäße Idee, nämlich eine Stoßsicherung in der Anlenkung zu integrieren, auch bei anderen Kupplungsanordnungen, beispielsweise einer Augbolzen-Anlenkung, möglich.It should be noted that in Fig. 4 to 7, the clutch assembly according to the invention has been explained with reference to a central buffer coupling having an elastomeric spring device. However, the idea according to the invention, namely to integrate a shock absorber in the articulation, is also possible with other coupling arrangements, for example an eye bolt articulation.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Kupplungsschaftcoupling shaft
22
Anlenkunglinkage
33
Hinteres Ende des KupplungsschaftsRear end of the coupling shaft
44
Lagerbockbearing block
55
Öffnung im LagerbockOpening in the bearing block
66
Anschraubplattescrewing
77
Öffnung in der TrägerplatteOpening in the carrier plate
88th
Abscherelementshearing
99
Führungguide
1010
Elastomer-FedereinrichtungElastomeric spring mechanism
1111
Gehäusecasing
11A11A
Halbschalen des GehäusesHalf shells of the housing
1313
Federringspring washer
14, 1514, 15
Ringwulsttorus
1616
Drehzapfenpivot
101101
Kupplungsschaft (Stand der Technik)Coupling shaft (prior art)
102102
Anlenkung (Stand der Technik)Linkage (prior art)
104104
Lagerbock (Stand der Technik)Bearing block (prior art)
107107
Öffnung in der Anschraubplatte (Stand der Technik)Opening in the mounting plate (prior art)
108108
externes Abscherelement (Stand der Technik)external shearing element (prior art)
110110
Elastomer-Federeinrichtung (Stand der Technik)Elastomer spring device (prior art)
117117
Anschraubplatte (Stand der Technik)Screw-on plate (prior art)

Claims (14)

  1. A central buffer coupling for rail-mounted vehicles having a coupling shaft (1) and a drawgear (2) comprising a bearing bracket (4), wherein the rear end (3) of the coupling shaft (1) is connected to the drawgear (2) and articulated to the car body of the rail vehicle via the bearing bracket (4) of the drawgear (2) so as to be horizontally pivotable,
    characterized in that
    a shock absorber (5, 8) is provided in the drawgear (2), wherein the shock absorber (5, 8) is configured such that the exceeding of a definable critical impact force being transmitted through the coupling shaft (1) to the drawgear (2) disengages the connection between the drawgear (2) and the coupling shaft (1) and the coupling shaft (1) is at least partially taken out of the flow of force transmitted to the drawgear (2).
  2. The central buffer coupling according to claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the shock absorber (5, 8) exhibits an opening (5) in the bearing bracket (4) to the central buffer coupling, through which at least part of the coupling shaft (1) is pushed upon the critical impact force being exceeded and thus taken out of the force flow.
  3. The central buffer coupling according to claim 2, wherein the drawgear (2) is mounted via the bearing bracket (4) to a fixing plate (6) of the car body, wherein the fixing plate (6) exhibits an opening (7) corresponding to the opening (5) provided in the bearing bracket (4).
  4. The central buffer coupling according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the drawgear (2) further comprises a guide (9) which at least partially guides the movement of the coupling shaft (1) out of the flow of force transmitted to the drawgear (2) upon the exceeding of the critical impact force.
  5. The central buffer coupling according to claim 4 and claim 2 or 3,
    characterized in that
    the guide (9) has an oblique contact surface directed toward the opening (5) provided in the bearing bracket (4) which is configured such that the coupling shaft (1) is pushed through the opening (5) in the bearing bracket (4) upon the critical impact force being exceeded.
  6. The central buffer coupling according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the shock absorber (5, 8) comprises at least one shearing element (8) by means of which the coupling shaft (1) is connected to the drawgear (2), wherein the shearing element (8) is configured such that it shears off upon a critical impact force being transmitted from the coupling shaft (1) to the drawgear (2) with the connection between the coupling shaft (1) and the drawgear (2) thus being disengaged.
  7. The central buffer coupling according to claim 6,
    characterized in that
    the at least one shearing element (8) has at least one pre-set breaking point which breaks upon a definable critical impact force so that the connection between the coupling shaft (1) and the drawgear (2) is disengaged.
  8. The central buffer coupling according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the drawgear (2) is an eyebolt drawgear, and wherein the shearing element (8) is the pin of the eyebolt drawgear, and wherein the coupling shaft (1) with the eye of the eyebolt drawgear is taken out of the flow of force transmitted to the drawgear upon a defined critical impact force being exceeded.
  9. The central buffer coupling according to claim 6 or 7 further comprising an elastomeric spring mechanism (10) to cushion tractive and impact forces transmitted through the coupling shaft (1) to the drawgear (2), wherein the elastomeric spring mechanism (10) comprises a housing (11) open to the coupler head in which the rear end (3) of the coupling shaft (1) projects coaxially at a radial spacing from the inner circumferential surface of the housing (11), wherein the rear end (3) of the coupling shaft (1) is connected to the drawgear (2) through housing (11), wherein pretensioned spring rings (13) made from an elastic material are provided between the inner circumferential surface of the housing (11) with their central planes aligned vertically and arranged one behind the other at a reciprocal spacing in the longitudinal direction of the coupling shaft (1), wherein both the rear end (3) of the coupling shaft (1) as well as the interior of the housing (11) exhibit annular rings (14, 15) directed to one another, and wherein each of the spring rings (13) is held in a spacing between two adjacent annular rings (14, 15) relative the rear end (3) of the coupling shaft (1) and the housing (11), wherein each ring (13) directly abuts both the circumferential surface of the coupling shaft (1) as well as the inner circumferential surface of the housing (11), and wherein the annular rings (14) of the coupling shaft (1) are aligned flush with the associated annular rings (15) of the housing (11) in the unloaded state of the elastomeric spring mechanism (10) with respect to tractive and impact forces,
    characterized in that
    the housing (11) is connected to the drawgear (2) by the at least one shearing element (8) such that upon the predefinable critical impact force being exceeded, the coupling shaft (1) with the housing (11) and the elastomeric spring mechanism (10) provided therein is taken out of the force flow transmitted to the drawgear (2).
  10. The central buffer coupling according to claim 9, wherein the elastomeric spring mechanism (10) cushions the tractive and impact forces transmitted through the coupling shaft (1) to the drawgear (2) to a predefined magnitude by regenerative deformation of the rings (13), and wherein the predefined magnitude is set at a value lower than the response force of the at least one shearing element (8).
  11. The central buffer coupling according to claim 9 or 10,
    characterized in that
    the drawgear (2) comprises at least one vertically-extending pivot pin (16) which connects the housing (11) via the at least one shearing element (8) and which is articulated at bearing bracket (4) of the car body so as to be horizontally pivotable.
  12. The central buffer coupling according to any one of claims 9, 10 or 11,
    characterized in that
    the housing (11) is of split configuration and composed of half shells (11a) detachably connected to one another.
  13. The central buffer coupling according to any one of claims 9 to 12,
    characterized in that
    the coupling shaft (1) exhibits a collar at its rear end (3), against which abuts the rear end of a pretensioned ring on the one side and, on the other, the face side of the ring (13) closest to the opening in the housing (11), wherein the spring rings (13) are pretensioned in the longitudinal direction of the coupling shaft (1) in the unloaded state of the elastomeric spring mechanism (10).
  14. The central buffer coupling according to claim 13, wherein the housing (11) is of split configuration and composed of half shells (11a) detachably connected to one another, and wherein the pretensioning of the elastomeric spring mechanism (10) in the longitudinal direction of the coupling shaft (1) is effected by the connection of the half shells (11a) of the split housing (11).
EP05009705A 2005-05-03 2005-05-03 Central buffer coupling for railway vehicles Active EP1719684B1 (en)

Priority Applications (13)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE502005001252T DE502005001252D1 (en) 2005-05-03 2005-05-03 Central buffer coupling for rail vehicles
EP05009705A EP1719684B1 (en) 2005-05-03 2005-05-03 Central buffer coupling for railway vehicles
PL05009705T PL1719684T3 (en) 2005-05-03 2005-05-03 Central buffer coupling for railway vehicles
DK05009705T DK1719684T3 (en) 2005-05-03 2005-05-03 Central buffer coupling for rail mounted vehicles
ES05009705T ES2289616T3 (en) 2005-05-03 2005-05-03 HITCH WITH CENTRAL BUMPER FOR VEHICLES ON RAILS.
AT05009705T ATE370044T1 (en) 2005-05-03 2005-05-03 CENTER BUFFER COUPLING FOR RAIL VEHICLES
KR1020067025417A KR101184501B1 (en) 2005-05-03 2006-03-30 Central Buffer Coupling for Rail Vehicle
CNB2006800004063A CN100503331C (en) 2005-05-03 2006-03-30 Central buffer coupling for railway vehicles
PCT/EP2006/002903 WO2006117045A1 (en) 2005-05-03 2006-03-30 Central buffer coupling for rail vehicles
CA2568871A CA2568871C (en) 2005-05-03 2006-03-30 Central buffer coupling for rail vehicles
AU2006243520A AU2006243520B2 (en) 2005-05-03 2006-03-30 Central buffer coupling for rail vehicles
US11/593,793 US7552830B2 (en) 2005-05-03 2006-11-07 Central buffer coupling for rail-mounted vehicles
NO20065289A NO334458B1 (en) 2005-05-03 2006-11-17 Central buffer coupling for rail vehicles

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05009705A EP1719684B1 (en) 2005-05-03 2005-05-03 Central buffer coupling for railway vehicles

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EP1719684A1 EP1719684A1 (en) 2006-11-08
EP1719684B1 true EP1719684B1 (en) 2007-08-15

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US (1) US7552830B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1719684B1 (en)
KR (1) KR101184501B1 (en)
CN (1) CN100503331C (en)
AT (1) ATE370044T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2006243520B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2568871C (en)
DE (1) DE502005001252D1 (en)
DK (1) DK1719684T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2289616T3 (en)
NO (1) NO334458B1 (en)
PL (1) PL1719684T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2006117045A1 (en)

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EP2522560A1 (en) 2011-05-12 2012-11-14 Voith Patent GmbH Bearing block for joining a coupling rod to a body of a rail-bound vehicle
DE202013005377U1 (en) 2013-06-13 2013-06-28 Voith Patent Gmbh Central buffer coupling
WO2015096893A1 (en) 2013-12-23 2015-07-02 Dellner Couplers Ab Bearing bracket, assembly containing such a bearing bracket and system containing such an assembly
DE102020105294A1 (en) 2020-02-28 2021-09-02 Voith Patent Gmbh Coupling rod connection for the flexible connection of a coupling rod to a track-bound vehicle
EP4299406A1 (en) 2022-06-30 2024-01-03 Dellner Couplers AB Endpiece for a coupling rod, draft gear for a coupling rod, coupler for a multi-car vehicle and method for building a draft gear or coupler

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DE502004007562D1 (en) * 2004-09-06 2008-08-21 Voith Turbo Scharfenberg Gmbh Coupling head with detachable front plate, for rail vehicles, as well as the associated assembly process
PL1719684T3 (en) * 2005-05-03 2008-01-31 Voith Turbo Scharfenberg Gmbh & Co Kg Central buffer coupling for railway vehicles
EP2183145B1 (en) * 2007-09-05 2011-11-16 Voith Patent GmbH Shock-proof device for the front or rear region of a track-guided vehicle having at least one energy consumption device
PL2243680T3 (en) * 2009-04-23 2012-01-31 Voith Patent Gmbh Linkage for connecting a coupling rod with a railcar body with a jointed connection
PL2524850T3 (en) * 2011-05-20 2014-08-29 Voith Patent Gmbh Device for sealing an opening in the front area of a rail-bound vehicle as needed, nose cone module with such a device and rail-bound vehicle with such a nose cone module
US9554559B2 (en) * 2011-07-29 2017-01-31 JOHN NOLAN McCARTHY Towed roping dummy shock absorption apparatus
EP2617622B1 (en) * 2012-01-17 2016-06-01 Voith Patent GmbH Device for vertical support of a coupling rod
CN102632906B (en) 2012-04-17 2014-09-10 青岛思锐科技有限公司 Compact buffer with overload protection
GB2517986B (en) * 2013-09-09 2015-07-22 T A Savery & Co Ltd A coupler
DE102013110888A1 (en) * 2013-10-01 2015-04-02 Voith Patent Gmbh Bearing for articulating a coupling rod to a car body of a track-guided vehicle
CN103569152B (en) * 2013-11-22 2015-11-11 青岛四方车辆研究所有限公司 Interior shearing shock absorber
US10227077B2 (en) 2014-03-10 2019-03-12 Dellner Couplers Ab System of a bearing bracket and a coupler rod or connection rod, a multi-car vehicle and a method for controlling the movement of a coupler rod or connection rod
CN104149811B (en) * 2014-06-30 2016-05-18 常州南车铁马科技实业有限公司 Buffer with detaching device for railway vehicle
CN104071175B (en) * 2014-06-30 2016-12-07 常州南车铁马科技实业有限公司 Coupler buffer for railway vehicle
US9701323B2 (en) 2015-04-06 2017-07-11 Bedloe Industries Llc Railcar coupler
DE102015108228A1 (en) * 2015-05-26 2016-12-01 Voith Patent Gmbh Device for connecting a coupling shaft with a car body of a track-guided vehicle
CN105083318B (en) 2015-09-28 2016-09-14 青岛思锐科技有限公司 Hitch spring vertical supporting device
DE102015221824A1 (en) * 2015-11-06 2017-05-11 Voith Patent Gmbh Non-rotating linkage for articulating a coupling rod to a car body
EP3205551B2 (en) 2016-02-12 2023-06-07 Faiveley Transport Schwab AG Coupling device for a rail vehicle
DE102016206989A1 (en) 2016-04-25 2017-10-26 Voith Patent Gmbh Bracket assembly
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CH713677B1 (en) * 2017-04-06 2021-04-30 Faiveley Transp Schwab Ag Linkage device for a coupling of a rail vehicle.
CN109941304B (en) * 2019-05-07 2024-06-14 中车青岛四方车辆研究所有限公司 Indicator and crushing energy absorber
CN111452822B (en) * 2020-04-16 2021-08-24 中车长江车辆有限公司 Buffer device, car coupler and railway wagon
CN113200070B (en) * 2021-06-18 2022-10-14 中车株洲电力机车有限公司 Car coupler tailstock installation structure

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2522560A1 (en) 2011-05-12 2012-11-14 Voith Patent GmbH Bearing block for joining a coupling rod to a body of a rail-bound vehicle
DE202013005377U1 (en) 2013-06-13 2013-06-28 Voith Patent Gmbh Central buffer coupling
WO2015096893A1 (en) 2013-12-23 2015-07-02 Dellner Couplers Ab Bearing bracket, assembly containing such a bearing bracket and system containing such an assembly
DE102020105294A1 (en) 2020-02-28 2021-09-02 Voith Patent Gmbh Coupling rod connection for the flexible connection of a coupling rod to a track-bound vehicle
EP4299406A1 (en) 2022-06-30 2024-01-03 Dellner Couplers AB Endpiece for a coupling rod, draft gear for a coupling rod, coupler for a multi-car vehicle and method for building a draft gear or coupler
WO2024003261A1 (en) 2022-06-30 2024-01-04 Dellner Couplers Ab End piece for a coupling rod, draft gear for a coupling rod, coupler for a multi-car vehicle and method for building a draft gear or coupler

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE370044T1 (en) 2007-09-15
PL1719684T3 (en) 2008-01-31
AU2006243520B2 (en) 2011-06-23
EP1719684A1 (en) 2006-11-08
NO334458B1 (en) 2014-03-10
DE502005001252D1 (en) 2007-09-27
CA2568871C (en) 2012-10-16
CN100503331C (en) 2009-06-24
CN1976840A (en) 2007-06-06
US7552830B2 (en) 2009-06-30
US20070107623A1 (en) 2007-05-17
KR101184501B1 (en) 2012-09-19
WO2006117045A1 (en) 2006-11-09
DK1719684T3 (en) 2007-11-12
ES2289616T3 (en) 2008-02-01
KR20080009248A (en) 2008-01-28
NO20065289L (en) 2006-11-17
CA2568871A1 (en) 2006-11-09
AU2006243520A1 (en) 2006-11-09

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