CN111452822B - Buffer device, car coupler and railway wagon - Google Patents
Buffer device, car coupler and railway wagon Download PDFInfo
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- CN111452822B CN111452822B CN202010298308.4A CN202010298308A CN111452822B CN 111452822 B CN111452822 B CN 111452822B CN 202010298308 A CN202010298308 A CN 202010298308A CN 111452822 B CN111452822 B CN 111452822B
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- buffer
- coupler
- connecting body
- gland
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
- B61G1/00—Couplings comprising interengaging parts of different shape or form and having links, bars, pins, shackles, or hooks as coupling means
- B61G1/28—Couplings comprising interengaging parts of different shape or form and having links, bars, pins, shackles, or hooks as coupling means with vertical bolt or pin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
- B61G11/00—Buffers
- B61G11/18—Details
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Vibration Dampers (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a buffer device, a coupler and a railway wagon, wherein the buffer device comprises a mounting seat, a center pin, a connecting body and a buffer element, a hollow mounting cavity is formed in the mounting seat, and the center pin is mounted in the mounting seat; the connecting body is provided with a buffer hole with the size larger than the maximum size of the cross section of the center pin, extends into the mounting cavity and is sleeved on the center pin through the buffer hole; the buffer element is an elastic element, is sleeved on the center pin and is arranged in the mounting cavity and positioned between the connecting body and the mounting seat; one end of the buffer element is fixed, and the other end of the buffer element is limited through the connecting body. The buffer device provided by the invention simplifies the buffer device and the mounting structure of the wagon coupler, reduces the free gap of connection, and optimizes the longitudinal traction, compression and vertical buffer characteristics of the wagon. Therefore, the longitudinal dynamic stability and the dynamic performance of the train operation are improved, the longitudinal and vertical impact of the train is improved, and the abrasion and the breakage faults of the parts are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of railway freight cars, and particularly relates to a buffer device, a car coupler and a railway freight car.
Background
The coupler buffer device is one of the key parts of the railway freight car, realizes the coupling between the car and the car or between the locomotive and the car, transfers and buffers the traction force and the impact force generated when the train operates and is shunting operation, improves the longitudinal dynamic performance of the train, and improves the operation stability and the stability, thereby reducing the damage of the car and the transported goods and ensuring the safety of railway transportation.
The conventional coupler buffer device for the railway freight car mainly comprises a coupler 6a, a buffer 3a, a tail frame 1a, a front slave plate 4a, a joist/supporting plate 5a and the like, is arranged at the end part of a traction beam 9a of a car body underframe in a side mounting mode, and has the structure shown in the attached drawing 1, wherein: the tail part of the hook body 6a penetrates into the front end of the hook tail frame 1a, is connected with the tail frame 1a through a hook tail pin 2a and is contacted with the spherical bearing surface of the front slave plate 4a, and the lower plane of the hook body is supported on the joist/supporting plate 5 a; the buffer 2a is arranged in the tail frame 1a, the rear end of the buffer is contacted with the bearing surface of the rear slave plate seat/the inner end surface of the tail frame, and the front end of the buffer is contacted with the bearing surface of the front slave plate; the front slave plate 4a is arranged between the front end surface of the buffer and the tail end part of the hook body, and the two bearing surfaces are respectively contacted with the bearing surface of the front slave plate seat/the tail part of the hook body and the front end surface of the buffer; the tail frame 1a is arranged in the inner cavity of the chassis traction beam, the front end of the tail frame is connected with the tail of the hook body through a coupler tail pin, and the inner end of the tail is connected with the tail end of the buffer. A pallet or joist 5a is mounted on the bottom plane of the underframe draft sill for supporting the coupler yoke, coupler yoke key and coupler body. . Meanwhile, in order to meet the matching requirements of the structure and the action principle, the front driven plate seat 7a and the rear driven plate seat 8a are arranged on the traction beam and welded or riveted on a web plate of the traction beam 9 a.
The existing railway freight car coupler buffer device is composed of a car coupler, a buffer, a tail frame, a slave plate, a supporting plate/joist, a front slave plate seat, a rear slave plate seat and the like, so that the structural installation is complex, the abrasion of each connecting part is serious, the breakage and the failure of parts are prominent, and the transportation safety, efficiency and benefit of a car are seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the buffer device, the coupler and the railway wagon, wherein the tail frame and the buffer are integrated, the installation structure of the coupler buffer device is simplified, and the service life of the coupler buffer device is prolonged.
The technical scheme adopted for achieving the purpose of the invention is that the buffer device comprises a mounting seat, a center pin, a connecting body and a buffer element, wherein:
the mounting seat is internally provided with a hollow mounting cavity, and the center pin is mounted in the mounting seat;
the connecting body is provided with a buffer hole with the size larger than the maximum size of the cross section of the center pin, extends into the mounting cavity and is sleeved on the center pin through the buffer hole;
the buffer element is an elastic element, the buffer element is sleeved on the center pin, and the buffer element is arranged in the mounting cavity and is positioned between the connecting body and the mounting seat; one end of the buffer element is fixed, and the other end of the buffer element is limited through the connecting body.
Optionally, the connecting body is provided with a ring groove, and one end of the buffer element is embedded into the ring groove and limited by the ring groove.
Optionally, the buffer device further comprises a gland, or the mounting seat is provided with an integrally formed gland part; the gland/the gland part is positioned in the mounting cavity and sleeved on the center pin, and the buffer element is positioned between the connecting body and the gland/the gland part.
Optionally, the edge of gland/gland portion is provided with the flange, the center is provided with conical chimb, the flange with conical chimb constitutes the annular, the one end embedding of buffer element in the annular, by the annular is spacing.
Optionally, the buffer element is an elastic taper sleeve, the big head end of the buffer element is limited by the connecting body, and the small head end is embedded into the gland/in the annular groove of the gland part and limited by the annular groove of the gland part.
Optionally, the number of the buffer elements and the number of the pressing covers are two, and the two buffer elements are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the connecting body.
Optionally, one end of the connecting body is in a disc shape, the other end of the connecting body is a connecting section, the disc-shaped part of the connecting body extends into the installation cavity, and a flange is arranged on the connecting section.
Optionally, the buffer device further comprises a buffer stop, the buffer stop is also an elastic element, the buffer stop is arranged in the installation cavity and connected with the installation seat, and the buffer stop and the end portion of the connecting body extending into the installation cavity have a set distance.
Based on the same inventive concept, the invention further provides a coupler, wherein the coupler is provided with the buffer device, and the tail end of the coupler is connected with the connecting body of the buffer device.
Optionally, the tail end of the coupler is connected with the connector flange, and an adjusting shaft is clamped between the coupler and the connector.
Optionally, the tail end of the coupler and the connecting end of the connecting body are both provided with grooves with arc-shaped cross sections, and the aligning shaft clamp is arranged in the grooves with opposite openings.
Based on the same inventive concept, the invention also provides a railway wagon, and the railway wagon is provided with the coupler.
Optionally, the buffer device is connected to the wagon through the mounting seat, and the movement direction of the coupler passes through a connection surface between the mounting seat and the wagon.
Based on the same inventive concept, the invention also provides another coupler, which is provided with the buffer device, and the tail end of the coupler is integrally formed with the connecting body of the buffer device.
Based on the same inventive concept, the invention also provides another railway wagon which is provided with the coupler.
Optionally, the buffer device is connected to the wagon through the mounting seat, and the movement direction of the coupler passes through a connection surface between the mounting seat and the wagon.
According to the technical scheme, the buffer device provided by the invention cancels the tail frame of the conventional buffer device, and uses the mounting seat to replace part of functions of the tail frame. The mounting seat is a mounting base of the whole buffering device, and a hollow mounting cavity is formed in the mounting seat. The center pin is installed in the installation seat and is used for installing the connecting body and the buffering element. The connector plays the effect of connecting buffer and coupling, is provided with the great buffer hole of size on the connector, and the connector stretches into in the installation cavity, and on the king-pin through buffer hole suit, the connector can take place certain relative movement with the king-pin. The buffer element is an important part applied by the invention, the buffer element is an elastic element and can generate elastic deformation when bearing impact, the buffer element is sleeved on the center pin, one end of the buffer element is fixed, and the other end of the buffer element is limited through the connecting body.
When the connecting body moves relative to the center pin when receiving impact, one end of the buffering element is limited and fixed in the connecting body, so that the limited fixed end of the buffering element moves along with the connecting body, but the other end of the buffering element and the center pin are kept relatively static, and the buffering element elastically deforms to buffer the impact. And because the buffer element is sleeved on the center pin, when elastic deformation occurs, part of the material of the buffer element on one side of the motion direction of the connecting body is pulled, and part of the material on the opposite side is compressed. Therefore, only the elastic deformation of the buffer element is generated when the shock is received, the free position and the gap are avoided, the shock absorber can adapt to the shock in all directions, and the good buffer characteristic is achieved. The existing coupler buffer device has more connecting free parts and gaps and poorer adaptability of longitudinal buffering, so that a train generates larger longitudinal impact in the running process, and the longitudinal stability and the power performance are lower.
The coupler provided by the invention is provided with the buffer device, and a connecting body in the buffer device can be connected with the tail end of the coupler or can be integrally formed with the coupler. Because the buffer device is a buffer device without a tail frame, compared with the prior art, the buffer device and the mounting structure are simplified, the free gap of connection is reduced, the longitudinal traction, compression and vertical buffer characteristics of the vehicle are optimized, and the buffer device is particularly suitable for railway freight cars.
The railway wagon provided by the invention is provided with the coupler, so that the longitudinal dynamic stability and the dynamic performance of train operation are improved, the longitudinal and vertical impact of a train is improved, and the abrasion and breakage faults of parts are reduced. Meanwhile, the weight of the coupler buffer device and the weight of the mounting structure are reduced, and the load of the vehicle is improved.
The buffer device provided by the invention has good buffer adaptive characteristics and power performance under the working conditions of smaller traction weight and longitudinal load, and is particularly suitable for 160-200 km/h quick railway wagons with train marshalling weight below 2000t, multi-type combined transportation equipment, cold chain transportation equipment and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional draft gear;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a coupler (including a buffering device) in embodiments 1 and 3 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a coupler (including a buffer device) in a longitudinal compression working condition in embodiments 1 and 3 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a coupler (including a buffer device) in longitudinal traction working conditions in embodiments 1 and 3 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a coupler (including a buffering device) in embodiments 2 and 4 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a coupler (including a buffer) in embodiment 5 of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1-mounting a base; 2-a center pin; 3-connector, 31-buffer hole, 32-ring groove; 4-buffer element, 41-anti-slip projection; 5-gland, 5 a-gland, 51-flange, 52-conical flange, 53-ring groove; 6-buffer gear; 7-adjusting the shaft; 8-a car coupler; 9-a support seat; 10-a supporting plate; 11-a draft sill; 12-installation cavity.
Detailed Description
In order to make the present application more clearly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application pertains, the following detailed description of the present application is made with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of specific embodiments.
Example 1:
the embodiment of the invention provides a buffer device, which has a structure shown in fig. 2 and comprises an installation seat 1, a center pin 2, a connecting body 3 and a buffer element 4, wherein the center pin 2 is installed in the installation seat 1, the connecting body 3 extends into an installation cavity 12 and is sleeved on the center pin 2, and the buffer element 4 is arranged in the installation cavity 12 and is sleeved on the center pin 2. The buffer device is a buffer device without a tail frame, simplifies the buffer device and an installation structure, reduces the free gap of connection, and optimizes the longitudinal traction, compression and vertical buffer characteristics of a vehicle.
The structure of the buffer device is described in detail below:
the mounting base 1 is a mounting base of the whole buffering device, a hollow mounting cavity 12 is formed in the mounting base 1, and the center pin 2 is mounted in the mounting base. In this embodiment, mount pad 1 adopts the cell type structure, including last carrier plate, lower carrier plate and the bedplate of connecting upper and lower carrier plate, is equipped with the strengthening rib between upper and lower carrier plate and bedplate. The center of the upper and lower bearing plates is provided with a central hole for installing the central pin 2.
In this embodiment, the center pin 2 is a cylindrical structure, and penetrates from the upper bearing plate to the lower bearing plate of the mounting base 1. A boss is arranged in the center of the bottom surface of the lower bearing plate, and 3 threaded holes are formed in the boss and used for mounting the supporting plate 10 to support the central pin 2; the seat board is provided with a certain number of bolts or rivet holes for installing bolts or rivets. When the buffer device is applied to a railway wagon, the buffer device is arranged at the end part of a traction beam 11 through the mounting seat 1.
The connecting body 3 is provided with a buffer hole 31 with the size larger than the maximum size of the cross section of the center pin 2, and part of the connecting body 3 extends into the mounting cavity 12 and is sleeved on the center pin 2 through the buffer hole 31. The damping holes 3 are used not only for mounting the center pin 2 but also for controlling the compression/traction deformation displacement of the damping device of the present invention. Since the center pin 2 of the present embodiment is a cylindrical pin, the maximum size of the cross section of the center pin 2 is a diameter, and correspondingly, the buffer hole 31 is also a circular hole, and the diameter of the circular hole is larger than the diameter of the center pin 2 and is at least more than twice of the diameter of the center pin 2. The connecting body 3 is used for connecting the coupler, so that a part is positioned outside the mounting cavity 12.
In this embodiment, the connecting body 3 is of a disk-shaped structure, that is, one end is disk-shaped, the other end is a connecting section, the disk-shaped portion of the connecting body 3 extends into the mounting cavity 12, the disk-shaped portion is provided with a ring groove 32 for limiting the buffer element 4, and the region surrounded by the ring groove 32 is the buffer hole 31. The connecting section is provided with a flange for flange connection with a coupler 8.
The cushion member 4 is an elastic member, and any elastic body such as rubber, or any elastic material such as latex or silicone may be used, and rubber is preferable for the cushion member 4. The buffer element 4 is sleeved on the central pin 2, and the buffer element 4 is arranged in the mounting cavity 12 and is positioned between the connecting body 3 and the mounting seat 1; one end of the buffer element 4 is fixed, and the other end is limited by the connecting body 3.
For stability, the whole damping device in this embodiment has a substantially symmetrical structure, that is, two damping elements 4 are provided, and the two damping elements 4 are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the connecting body 3. Correspondingly, the two side faces of the disk part of the connecting body 3 are respectively provided with a ring groove 32, and the adjacent end parts of the two buffer elements 4 are respectively embedded into the two ring grooves 32 and limited by the ring grooves 32.
In order to stably fix the other end of the buffer element 4, as a preferred embodiment, the buffer device further comprises a gland 5, the gland 5 is also positioned in the mounting cavity 12 and sleeved on the central pin 2, and the buffer element 4 is positioned between the connecting body 3 and the gland 5. Based on the two buffer elements 4 in the present embodiment, the two pressing covers 5 are also provided, and the two pressing covers 5 are distributed on the outer sides of the two buffer elements 4 one above the other, so as to limit the buffer elements 4 between the connecting body 3 and the pressing covers 5.
Specifically, the gland 5 is a disc structure, the edge of the gland 5 is provided with a flange 51, the center of the gland 5 is provided with a conical convex edge 52, the flange 51 and the conical convex edge 52 form an annular groove 53, and one end of the buffer element 4 close to the gland 5 is embedded into the annular groove 53 and limited by the annular groove 53. Therefore, the two ends of the buffer element 4 are embedded in the ring grooves and limited by the ring grooves.
Because the buffering element 4 is elastically deformed by being pulled or pressed when bearing impact, in order to prevent the buffering element 4 from falling off from the annular groove 53, in this embodiment, the outer end (the end portion close to the gland 5) of the buffering element 4 is provided with the anti-falling protrusion 41, the anti-falling protrusion 41 protrudes a circle at the outer end of the buffering element 4, so that an annular cavity with a triangular cross section is formed between the anti-falling protrusion 41 and the other portion of the buffering element 4, after the buffering element 4 is assembled with the gland 5, the annular cavity is similar to a suction cup, so that the buffering element 4 is tightly attached to the gland 5 and is not easy to fall off, and in addition, the blocking of the anti-falling protrusion 41 ensures that the buffering element 4 cannot fall off from the annular groove 53.
Considering that the elastic deformation of the cushion member 4 is not uniform when subjected to an impact, the amount of deformation gradually decreases from the inner end (close to the connecting body) to the outer end (close to the gland), and therefore more deformation allowance should be reserved for the inner end. In this embodiment, the buffer element 4 is an elastic taper sleeve with a small outer end and a large inner end, the large end of the buffer element 4 is limited by the connector 3, the small end is limited by the gland, the deformation allowance of the large end is large, and the requirement of large deformation when the buffer element moves along with the connector 3 can be met.
In order to adapt to the instantaneous large impact, as a preferred scheme, the buffer device further comprises a buffer 6, the buffer 6 is also an elastic element, any elastic body such as rubber or any elastic material such as latex or silica gel can be adopted, rubber is preferred, the buffer 6 is of a square or trapezoidal structure, the buffer 6 is arranged in the installation cavity 12 and is connected with the installation seat 1, the buffer 6 and the end part of the connecting body 3, extending into the installation cavity 12, are at a set distance, and the set distance is determined according to the implementation and use environment of the buffer device 10. The buffer gear 6 is installed on the seat plate of the installation seat 1 through a screw or a rivet, when the deformation of the buffer element 4 is too large, the connecting body 3 contacts the buffer gear 6 and compresses the buffer gear 6, and the buffer gear 6 deforms to realize secondary buffering.
Example 2:
based on the same inventive concept, the present embodiment also provides a damping device, which has a structure as shown in fig. 5, and includes a mounting seat 1, a center pin 2, a connecting body 3 and a damping element 4, wherein the center pin 2 is mounted in the mounting seat 1, the connecting body 3 extends into a mounting cavity 12 and is sleeved on the center pin 2, and the damping element 4 is disposed in the mounting cavity 12 and is sleeved on the center pin 2. The buffer device is a buffer device without a tail frame, simplifies the buffer device and an installation structure, reduces the free gap of connection, and optimizes the longitudinal traction, compression and vertical buffer characteristics of a vehicle.
The structure of the buffer device is described in detail below:
the mounting base 1 is a mounting base of the whole buffering device, a hollow mounting cavity 12 is formed in the mounting base 1, and the center pin 2 is mounted in the mounting base. In this embodiment, mount pad 1 adopts the cell type structure, including last carrier plate, lower carrier plate and the bedplate of connecting upper and lower carrier plate, is equipped with the strengthening rib between upper and lower carrier plate and bedplate. The center of the upper and lower bearing plates is provided with a central hole for installing the central pin 2.
In this embodiment, the center pin 2 is a cylindrical structure, and penetrates from the upper bearing plate to the lower bearing plate of the mounting base 1. A boss is arranged in the center of the bottom surface of the lower bearing plate, and 3 threaded holes are formed in the boss and used for mounting the supporting plate 10 to support the central pin 2; the seat board is provided with a certain number of bolts or rivet holes for installing bolts or rivets. When the buffer device is applied to a railway wagon, the buffer device is arranged at the end part of a traction beam 11 through the mounting seat 1.
The mounting seat 1 is provided with an integrally formed gland part 5a, and the gland part 5a and the mounting seat 1 are integrally formed and cannot be detached. The gland parts 5a are also positioned in the mounting cavity 12 and are particularly distributed on the inner sides of the upper bearing plate and the lower bearing plate, the gland parts 5a and the whole mounting seat 1 are sleeved on the central pin 2 together, and the buffer element 4 is positioned between the connecting body 3 and the gland parts 5 a. The number, shape and matching relationship of the gland parts 5a and other elements are the same as those of the gland 5 of embodiment 1, and detailed description thereof is omitted here.
The structure, number and matching relationship of the connecting body 3, the buffering element 4 and other accessory elements of the buffering device are the same as those of embodiment 1, and detailed description thereof is omitted here.
Example 3:
based on the same inventive concept, the present embodiment provides a coupler, which is structured as shown in fig. 2, the coupler 8 has the damping device of the above embodiment 1, and the tail end of the coupler 8 is connected with the connecting body 3 of the damping device. In this embodiment, the tail end of the coupler 8 is connected to the connector 3 by flanges, and a certain gap is reserved between the two flanges. An adjusting shaft 7 is clamped between the coupler and the connecting body 3. Specifically, the tail end of the coupler and the connecting end of the connecting body 3 are both provided with grooves 71 with arc-shaped cross sections, and the self-aligning shaft 7 is clamped in the two grooves 71 with opposite openings. The specific structure of the buffer device is the same as that of embodiment 1, and is not described herein again.
The coupler of the embodiment of the invention has the following action principle:
as shown in fig. 3, when the coupler 8 is subjected to a longitudinal impact load, the load is transmitted from the coupler 8 to the cushion member 4 through the aligning shaft 7 and the connecting body 3, and the front end portion of the cushion member 4 is pressed and the rear end portion thereof is pulled, thereby being deformed and cushioning the load. The load is buffered by the buffer element 4 and then transferred to the gland 5 and the center pin 2, and then transferred to the underframe draft sill 11 through the mounting seat 1.
If the impact load is increased continuously, until the deformation displacement of the buffer element 4 reaches the longitudinal gap between the connecting body 3 and the buffer stop 6, the connecting body 3 starts to compress the buffer stop 6 until the maximum deformation displacement is reached, and at this time, the buffer element 4 does not deform and displace any more.
The transmission process of the impact load is as follows:
As shown in fig. 4, when the coupler 8 is subjected to a longitudinal traction load, the load is transmitted from the coupler 8 to the cushion member 4 through the connecting body 3, and the front end portion and the rear end portion of the cushion member 4 are pulled and pressed, thereby being deformed to cushion the load. The load is buffered by the buffer element 4 and then transferred to the gland 5 and the center pin 2, and then transferred to the underframe draft sill 11 through the mounting seat 1.
The transmission process of the traction load comprises the following steps:
If the traction load is increased continuously, until the buffer element 4 is compressed to the maximum deformation displacement, the inner wall of the buffer hole 31 of the connecting body 3 is contacted with the central pin 2, the central pin 2 directly transmits the load to the chassis traction beam 11 through the mounting seat 1, and at the moment, the buffer element 4 does not deform and displace any more.
When the vehicle passes through a horizontal curve line or is subjected to horizontal load, the coupler 8 and the connecting body 3 can horizontally rotate around the center pin 2, so that horizontal transverse rotation is realized, and the angle can be set according to design requirements.
When the vehicle passes through a vertical curve line or is subjected to the action of a vertical load, the coupler 8 and the connecting body 3 vertically compress the buffer element 4 to generate vertical displacement, so that vertical rotation is realized, and the angle can be set according to the design requirement.
When the height of the central line distance rail surface of the coupler 8 needs to be adjusted, the upper and lower connection gaps between the flange at the tail end of the coupler 8 and the flange at the front end of the connector 3 can be adjusted, so that the coupler 8 vertically rotates around the aligning shaft 7, and the height of the central line distance rail surface of the coupler 8 is changed.
Example 4:
based on the same inventive concept, the present embodiment provides a coupler, which is structured as shown in fig. 5, wherein a coupler 8 is provided with the damping device of the above embodiment 2, and the tail end of the coupler 8 is connected with the connecting body 3 of the damping device. In this embodiment, the tail end of the coupler 8 is connected to the connector 3 by flanges, and a certain gap is reserved between the two flanges. An adjusting shaft 7 is clamped between the coupler and the connecting body 3. Specifically, the tail end of the coupler and the connecting end of the connecting body 3 are both provided with grooves 71 with arc-shaped cross sections, and the self-aligning shaft 7 is clamped in the two grooves 71 with opposite openings. The specific structure of the buffering device is the same as that of embodiment 2, and is not described herein again. .
Example 5:
based on the same inventive concept, this embodiment provides a coupler, whose structure is shown in fig. 6, a coupler 8 has the buffer device of embodiment 1, the tail end of the coupler is integrally formed with the connecting body 3 of the buffer device, and other structures of the connecting body 3 and other structures of other parts of the buffer device are the same as embodiment 1, and details are not repeated here.
Example 6:
based on the same inventive concept, the present embodiment provides a railway wagon having the coupler of the above-described embodiment 3, embodiment 4, or embodiment 5. In this embodiment, the buffer device is connected with the railway wagon through the mounting seat 1, and the moving direction of the coupler passes through the connecting surface of the mounting seat 1 and the railway wagon, that is, the buffer device of this embodiment adopts the structure of end installation, and the bedplate of the mounting seat 1 is connected with the draft sill 11 of the underframe of the vehicle through a threaded fastener.
Through the embodiment, the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects or advantages:
1) the buffer device provided by the embodiment of the invention has good buffer adaptive characteristics and power performance under the working conditions of smaller traction weight and longitudinal load, and is particularly suitable for 160-200 km/h quick-speed rail wagons with train marshalling weight below 2000t, multi-type combined transportation equipment, cold chain transportation equipment and the like.
2) The coupler provided by the embodiment of the invention is provided with the buffer device, and a connecting body in the buffer device can be connected with the tail end of the coupler or can be integrally formed with the coupler. Because the buffer device is a buffer device without a tail frame, compared with the prior art, the buffer device and the mounting structure are simplified, the free gap of connection is reduced, the longitudinal traction, compression and vertical buffer characteristics of the vehicle are optimized, and the buffer device is particularly suitable for railway freight cars.
3) The railway wagon provided by the embodiment of the invention is provided with the coupler, so that the longitudinal dynamic stability and the dynamic performance of train operation are improved, the longitudinal and vertical impact of a train is improved, and the abrasion and breakage faults of parts are reduced. Meanwhile, the weight of the coupler buffer device and the weight of the mounting structure are reduced, and the load of the vehicle is improved.
4) According to the buffering device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the buffer, the connecting body and the buffer stop have the longitudinal compression secondary rigidity buffering characteristic function under the action of the longitudinal compression load, so that the impact resistance of the buffering device is improved.
5) According to the buffer device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the connecting body and the car coupler rotate around the center pin, and the car coupler has a horizontal rotation function; the vertical buffering characteristic of the buffer forms the vertical buffering and rotating functions of the coupler; the car coupler rotates around the aligning shaft vertically, and the height adjusting function of the car coupler central line distance rail surface is achieved.
While the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the application.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is intended to include such modifications and variations as well.
Claims (16)
1. A cushioning device, characterized by: including mount pad, king pin, connecting body and buffering component, wherein:
the mounting seat is internally provided with a hollow mounting cavity, the center pin is mounted in the mounting seat, and the center pin penetrates through the mounting cavity;
the connecting body is provided with a buffer hole with the size larger than the maximum size of the cross section of the center pin, extends into the mounting cavity and is sleeved on the center pin through the buffer hole;
the buffer element is an elastic element, the buffer element is sleeved on the center pin, and the buffer element is arranged in the mounting cavity and is positioned between the connecting body and the mounting seat; one end of the buffer element is fixed, and the other end of the buffer element is limited by the connecting body, so that when the buffer element bears impact, the limit end of the buffer element moves along with the connecting body, and the fixed end of the buffer element and the central pin keep relatively static, so that the material of the buffer element is pulled and pressed to generate elastic deformation, and the impact is buffered; the buffer element is characterized in that an anti-falling bulge is arranged at the end part, close to the mounting seat, of the buffer element and protrudes out of the buffer element and extends for a circle along the circumferential direction, so that an annular cavity with a triangular cross section is formed between the anti-falling bulge and the mounting seat.
2. A damper of claim 1 wherein: the connecting body is provided with a ring groove, and one end of the buffer element is embedded into the ring groove and limited by the ring groove.
3. A damper of claim 1 wherein: the buffer device also comprises a gland, or the mounting seat is provided with an integrally formed gland part; the gland/the gland part is positioned in the mounting cavity and sleeved on the center pin, the buffer element is positioned between the connecting body and the gland/the gland part, and the annular cavity is formed between the anti-falling bulge and the gland/the gland part.
4. A damper of claim 3 wherein: the gland the edge of gland portion is provided with the flange, the center is provided with conical chimb, the flange with conical chimb constitutes the annular, the one end embedding of buffer element in the annular, by the annular is spacing.
5. The cushioning device of claim 4, wherein: the buffer element is an elastic taper sleeve, the big head end of the buffer element is limited through the connecting body, and the small head end is embedded into the gland/in the annular groove of the gland part and limited by the annular groove of the gland part.
6. A damper of claim 3 wherein: the buffer element and the gland/gland part are both provided with two, and the two buffer elements are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the connecting body.
7. A damper of claim 1 wherein: one end of the connecting body is disc-shaped, the other end of the connecting body is a connecting section, the disc-shaped part of the connecting body extends into the mounting cavity, and a flange is arranged on the connecting section.
8. A damper of claim 1 wherein: the buffer device further comprises a buffer block, the buffer block is also an elastic element, the buffer block is arranged in the installation cavity and connected with the installation seat, and a set distance is reserved between the buffer block and the end part, stretching into the installation cavity, of the connecting body.
9. The utility model provides a coupler which characterized in that: the coupler is provided with a damping device according to any one of claims 1-8, and the tail end of the coupler is connected with the connecting body of the damping device.
10. The coupler of claim 9, wherein: the tail end of the car coupler is connected with the connecting body through a flange, and a rotating shaft is clamped between the car coupler and the connecting body.
11. The coupler of claim 10, wherein: the tail end of the car coupler and the connecting end of the connecting body are both provided with grooves with arc-shaped cross sections, and the rotating shaft is clamped in the grooves with the two opposite openings.
12. A railway wagon, characterized in that: the railway wagon having a coupler as claimed in claim 9.
13. A railway wagon as claimed in claim 12, wherein: the buffer device is connected with the railway wagon through the mounting seat, and the movement direction of the coupler penetrates through the connecting surface of the mounting seat and the railway wagon.
14. The utility model provides a coupler which characterized in that: the coupler is provided with a buffer device as defined in any one of claims 1-8, and the tail end of the coupler is integrally formed with the connecting body of the buffer device.
15. A railway wagon, characterized in that: the railway wagon having a coupler as claimed in claim 14.
16. A railway wagon as claimed in claim 15, wherein: the buffer device is connected with the railway wagon through the mounting seat, and the movement direction of the coupler penetrates through the connecting surface of the mounting seat and the railway wagon.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010298308.4A CN111452822B (en) | 2020-04-16 | 2020-04-16 | Buffer device, car coupler and railway wagon |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010298308.4A CN111452822B (en) | 2020-04-16 | 2020-04-16 | Buffer device, car coupler and railway wagon |
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| CN111452822A CN111452822A (en) | 2020-07-28 |
| CN111452822B true CN111452822B (en) | 2021-08-24 |
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| CN202010298308.4A Active CN111452822B (en) | 2020-04-16 | 2020-04-16 | Buffer device, car coupler and railway wagon |
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|---|---|
| CN111452822A (en) | 2020-07-28 |
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