EP1719241A1 - Procede pour diagnostiquer des etats de fonctionnement d'une pompe synchrone et dispositif pour realiser ce procede - Google Patents

Procede pour diagnostiquer des etats de fonctionnement d'une pompe synchrone et dispositif pour realiser ce procede

Info

Publication number
EP1719241A1
EP1719241A1 EP05715466A EP05715466A EP1719241A1 EP 1719241 A1 EP1719241 A1 EP 1719241A1 EP 05715466 A EP05715466 A EP 05715466A EP 05715466 A EP05715466 A EP 05715466A EP 1719241 A1 EP1719241 A1 EP 1719241A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
phase shift
determined
pump
predetermined
operating state
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05715466A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Bernd Teipen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hanning Elektro Werke GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Hanning Elektro Werke GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hanning Elektro Werke GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Hanning Elektro Werke GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1719241A1 publication Critical patent/EP1719241A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D15/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
    • F04D15/02—Stopping of pumps, or operating valves, on occurrence of unwanted conditions
    • F04D15/0209—Stopping of pumps, or operating valves, on occurrence of unwanted conditions responsive to a condition of the working fluid
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L15/00—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
    • A47L15/42—Details
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F39/00—Details of washing machines not specific to a single type of machines covered by groups D06F9/00 - D06F27/00 
    • D06F39/08—Liquid supply or discharge arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D15/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
    • F04D15/02—Stopping of pumps, or operating valves, on occurrence of unwanted conditions
    • F04D15/0209—Stopping of pumps, or operating valves, on occurrence of unwanted conditions responsive to a condition of the working fluid
    • F04D15/0218—Stopping of pumps, or operating valves, on occurrence of unwanted conditions responsive to a condition of the working fluid the condition being a liquid level or a lack of liquid supply
    • F04D15/0236—Lack of liquid level being detected by analysing the parameters of the electric drive, e.g. current or power consumption
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07B—TICKET-ISSUING APPARATUS; FARE-REGISTERING APPARATUS; FRANKING APPARATUS
    • G07B17/00—Franking apparatus
    • G07B17/00733—Cryptography or similar special procedures in a franking system
    • G07B2017/00822—Cryptography or similar special procedures in a franking system including unique details
    • G07B2017/0083—Postal data, e.g. postage, address, sender, machine ID, vendor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for diagnosing operating states of a synchronous pump in a liquid circuit, in particular in a dishwasher or the like.
  • Synchronous pumps that is to say pumps driven by a synchronous motor, are often used in dishwashers to pump the washing water used for cleaning from the bottom of the interior of the device and to convey them back to the spray arms, so that a closed liquid circuit is created. This structure is very common because it saves fresh water.
  • the amount of water circulating remains constant and the synchronous pump for circulating the water works with constant power.
  • Such liquid reservoirs are formed in particular by pots or similar containers which tip over during the washing process, so that their openings point upwards and the washing water distributed from above onto the dishes to be cleaned is collected.
  • Another problem consists in obstructing the water circulation due to contamination of the filter which is arranged in the bottom of the interior of the device at the inlet of the feed line of the synchronous pump.
  • the circulating water volume falls below a certain minimum volume, trouble-free operation of the device cannot be guaranteed. Apart from the fact that the dishes are no longer completely cleaned, there is a risk of damage to the synchronous pump in this case.
  • Document DE 196 30 357.5 AI discloses a device for regulating the amount of water in a dishwasher, in which the torque of the synchronous motor driving the pump is monitored to determine the operating state of the synchronous pump. For this purpose, the current consumption of the stator winding is measured and a metering valve for supplying the rinsing water is controlled as a function thereof, so that a constant control of the circulating water volume is ensured.
  • document DE 24 15 171.1 AI discloses a measurement of the operating state of a synchronous motor based on the phase shift between the AC voltage applied to the motor and the AC current. A currently occurring phase shift can then be assigned to a specific operating state.
  • the known solution is aimed at creating an operating state monitor for synchronous machines with asynchronous start-up and indicating an asynchronous run.
  • the elaborate speed measurements generally used are to be saved and replaced by a less expensive monitoring.
  • this method is only suitable to a very limited extent for the application on which the present invention is based, since not all operating states of a dishwasher can be identified beyond doubt by this previously known method. This applies in particular to the disturbances in the liquid circuit described above.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a method for diagnosing operating states of a synchronous pump of the type mentioned at the outset, which makes it possible to detect and identify different operating states of the synchronous pump in a simple, reliable and cost-saving manner which correspond to malfunctions in the fluid circuit , in particular a decrease in the circulating water volume below a minimum level and filter contamination.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention by a method according to claim 1.
  • the AC voltage and the AC current at or through the motor are first measured in one measurement step, at least in one measurement.
  • the size of a phase shift that occurs between the AC voltage and the AC current is determined.
  • the determined phase shift is used in a subsequent assignment step to identify a pump operating state.
  • This diagnostic method is based on the knowledge that the phase shift between voltage and current of the synchronous pump can serve as an indicator of a pump malfunction. If, for example, a certain amount of water is withdrawn from the water circuit in the dishwasher, for example by an overturned pot, a change in the phase shift occurs, which is due to the fact that there is an air / water mixture in the pump housing. In this case, countermeasures can be taken to counteract the malfunction. For example, the water volume within the circuit can be supplemented with fresh water. Furthermore, a warning signal can be generated which can be perceived by an operator. All process steps are relatively simple and inexpensive to implement, and the phase shift measurement can be carried out comparatively precisely compared to the conventional processes.
  • the fresh water supply can be precisely tailored to the needs, so that a resource-saving water cycle can be realized.
  • this results in an energy saving effect, since only the water in the circuit has to be heated for the individual rinsing cycles.
  • the size of the phase shift in the assignment step is assigned to a predetermined phase shift value range which is linked to a specific pump operating state.
  • the size of the phase shift is measured at different times in the determination step, so that the time course of the phase shift can be determined from the recorded measured values.
  • a feature of the time course of the phase shift is determined, which is assigned to a predetermined pump operating state in the assignment step.
  • the specific characteristic is preferably assigned to a predetermined characteristic value range which is linked to a pump operating state.
  • the size of the slope of the time profile of the phase shift is preferably determined in the determining step and assigned to a predetermined slope value range which is linked to a pump operating state in the assignment step.
  • the size of the slope of the time course of the phase shift is used to identify the pump operating state, e.g. filter contamination.
  • the determination step comprises a transformation step in which the time course of the phase shift is subjected to a Fourier transformation and the amplitude of the Fourier transforms is determined in a predetermined frequency range.
  • the assignment step serves to assign the previously determined amplitude to a predetermined amplitude value range, which in turn is linked to a pump operating state.
  • the analysis takes place in the frequency domain. If the time course of the phase shift has high-frequency signal components, for example, this can indicate that an air-water mixture is present in the pump housing and the pump cannot work at full capacity.
  • the Fourier transform can preferably be a discrete one
  • DFT Fourier transform
  • FFT Fast Fourier transform
  • the determination of the time course of the phase shift in the determination step can preferably include a moving averaging.
  • the measuring step can preferably include a conversion of the measured AC voltage signal and the measured AC signal into square wave signals.
  • a device for carrying out the method according to the invention comprises a microcontroller with a timer, which comprises a voltage input for receiving a start signal and a current input for receiving a stop signal. These voltage or current inputs are designed to interpret the exceeding of a predetermined voltage or current signal level as a start or stop signal.
  • the content of the timer is proportional to the time interval between the start and the stop signal.
  • the microcontroller also includes a memory for recording the timer content.
  • the size of the phase shift can be measured by the timer of the microcontroller described above.
  • the content of the memory to be called up by further analysis devices is proportional to the phase shift, so that the device according to the invention offers a simple possibility for operating state analysis.
  • the memory comprises a number of memory locations for storing a sequence of memory contents.
  • the microcontroller further preferably comprises an evaluation unit for averaging the memory contents.
  • An interface is preferably used to transmit operating-state-related data from the microcontroller to a control unit for controlling the liquid circuit.
  • the invention is also applicable to washing machines of a suitable design or other machines running in the circulating mode.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically the voltage and current signals to be measured and their transformation
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of the course of the phase shift
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the functional units of an apparatus for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a flow chart which explains the method steps according to the invention.
  • phase shift ⁇ ie ⁇ corresponds to a time shift of the zero crossing of the current signal I compared to the voltage signal U.
  • the size of this phase shift ⁇ can be used to diagnose a pump Operating state are used, as will be explained below.
  • the measured voltage and current signals U, I are first processed, namely by conversion into square wave signals U 'and I'. These signals are shown in the right half of FIG. 1 in an upper and lower diagram.
  • the conversion of the voltage signal U into the square-wave signal U ' is carried out by an optocoupler, which converts the analog sine-voltage signal U into a digital square-wave signal. At the same time, this creates a potential separation between the motor voltage and a downstream microcontroller, which is used for evaluation.
  • the motor current is passed through a shunt as a measuring resistor, and the measuring voltage is converted into a square-wave signal by an operational amplifier.
  • the electrical isolation is also ensured in this case by a downstream optocoupler.
  • phase shift ⁇ l occurs. If water is removed from the water circuit in a dishwasher, so that the water volume delivered by the synchronous pump decreases, the phase shift ⁇ 2 between voltage and current signal U ', 1' increases significantly as soon as the water falls below a certain level. This increase in the phase shift can be determined in a determination step that follows the measurement step described above and can be used to determine the operating state of the pump.
  • the measured size of the phase shift can be assigned to a value range in a subsequent assignment step, which in turn corresponds to a predetermined operating state.
  • the difference between the measured variable and a predetermined value of the phase shift can first be determined, corresponding, for example, to a currently measured variable ⁇ 2 of the phase shift according to FIG. 2 and a value ⁇ l in trouble-free normal operation, and this phase shift difference becomes a diagnosis Operating status assigned.
  • measurement is carried out at different points in time.
  • ten the time course of the phase shift ⁇ determined.
  • This offers extensive possibilities to analyze the course of the phase shift and to examine it for characteristic features.
  • a specific feature for example the size of a specific parameter of the time profile of the phase shift ⁇ , can be assigned to a predetermined pump operating state in an assignment step that follows the determination step. This assignment can also include that the feature is assigned, ie classified, to a predetermined feature value range, which is linked to a pump operating state.
  • a microcontroller 10 comprises a timer 12 with a voltage input 14 and a current input 16.
  • the voltage input 14 serves to receive the square-wave voltage signal U ′′, while the current input 16 is used to receive the current square-wave signal I
  • the square-wave signals are adapted to the level of the microcontroller 10.
  • the rising edge of the voltage signal U ' serves as a start signal for the timer 12, while the rising edge of the current signal I' serves as a stop signal
  • the content of the timer 12, which is stored in a memory 18 of the microcontroller 10, is proportional to the time interval between the start signal and the stop signal and thus proportional to the phase shift ⁇ between these signals.
  • the memory 18 may include a number of memory locations that are used to store a sequence of memory contents. In this way, a time course of the phase shift ⁇ over time t can be determined. It is therefore possible to carry out a number of phase shift measurements within a specific time window .DELTA.t, each measurement corresponding to a memory content at a memory location of the memory 18. These measured values are then subjected to a moving averaging with the aid of a software module 20 of the microcontroller 10. The result is a smoothed time profile of the phase shift ⁇ , which can be examined for certain features or parameters.
  • the moving averaging has the advantage that the effects of measurement errors are dampened.
  • the device can also include an interface for transmitting operating-state-related data to a control or regulating unit of the water cycle, such as, for example, a hardware interface of the microcontroller 10 for communication with an external control module. If the microcontroller 10 itself serves to regulate the water cycle, then the
  • FIGS. 4 to 7 Time profiles of the phase shift ⁇ over time t corresponding to different operating states of the synchronous pump are shown in FIGS. 4 to 7.
  • the curves shown are obtained from a large number of measured values which correspond to memory locations of the memory 18 and have been processed by the software module 20 in the manner described above.
  • Fig. 4 shows the start-up phase of the synchronous pump.
  • tl In a first time period tl there is a brief increase in the phase shift.
  • the time course in this area tl also shows high-frequency signal components.
  • a relatively small, constant phase shift occurs without high-frequency signal components. This corresponds to proper operation of the pump with a sufficient volume of water in the circuit, corresponding, for example, to a sufficiently high water level in a dishwasher.
  • FIG. 5 shows the time course of the phase shift .DELTA..phi.
  • a first time range of curve t2 corresponds to the proper operation of the pump already shown in FIG. 4 with a sufficiently high water level.
  • the phase shift ⁇ is relatively small in this time range t2.
  • the phase shift ⁇ increases very quickly in this time range t3 and high-frequency signal components are produced. This trend in the time range t3 is also evident when a small amount of water is removed from the water cycle (e.g. by an overturned pot).
  • different operating states of the pump correspond to different temporal profiles of the phase shift ⁇ .
  • This offers the possibility of inferring the respective operating state from the examination of the phase shift.
  • it is possible to examine certain parameters of the time course of the phase shift ⁇ and their size at certain points, such as the slope of the curve determined. If one considers, for example, the time range t4 in FIG. 5, an approximately linear increase in the phase shift ⁇ over time t is shown here.
  • the slope SI is determined at a specific point in time, this slope SI can be assigned to a specific operating state of the pump, such as a gradual emptying of the pump housing in the present case.
  • the size of the slope SI is then assigned to a predetermined slope value range, i.e. classified, which is linked to a pump operating state.
  • Another possibility is to have a transformation step follow the determination of the temporal course of the phase shift, in which the temporal course of the phase shift is subjected to a Fourier transformation. This is used to examine the frequencies contained in the signal curve, since these provide information about a specific operating behavior. For example, in the time range t3, when there is an air-water mixture in the pump housing, there are high-frequency signal components which do not occur in normal operation, so that the occurrence of such frequency components is a clear indication of a malfunction of the system.
  • the amplitude of the Fourier transforms is therefore determined in a predetermined frequency range, and in the assignment step the determined amplitude is assigned to a predetermined amplitude value range which is linked to a pump operating state.
  • the high frequency components in the presence of an air-water mixture in the pump housing will fall into a predetermined amplitude value range, so that the previously determined amplitude of the Fourier transforms can be clearly classified.
  • the Fourier transform can be a discrete Fourier transform. on (DFT) or the special form of DFT, the so-called Fast Fourier
  • Fig. 6 shows the time course of the phase shift .DELTA..phi.
  • filter contaminations which hinder a sufficient inflow in the pump flow.
  • time range t2 there is continuous filter contamination, which leads to a gradual increase in the phase shift ⁇ until the filter is completely blocked (time range t7) and the phase shift reaches a very high, constant value.
  • the slope S2 in the time range t6 thus provides an indication of the presence of a continuous filter contamination.
  • the size of the slope S2 of the determined time profile of the phase shift ⁇ is determined in the determination step in the manner described above, and in the assignment step the determined size of the slope S2 is assigned to a predetermined slope value range which in the present case corresponds to the operating state of continuous filter contamination.
  • time range t7 The complete contamination of the filter (time range t7) can also occur suddenly if a foreign body gets into the filter. This case is shown in the time ranges t8 and t9. While there is a normal, proper pump operation with a small phase shift ⁇ at time t8, in the case in which the foreign body gets into the filter, the phase shift suddenly increases, so that a very high constant phase shift is achieved in the time range t9. Both operating states can be determined using one of the diagnostic procedures described above.
  • FIG. 7 a case is shown in which the synchronous motor of the pump is in one of its two dead centers and does not start.
  • This operating state can also be diagnosed, since in this case the phase shift signal reaches a very high constant value without high-frequency signal components being present.
  • the lack of high-frequency signal components offers a possibility for diagnosis, in * the Fourier transform described above is carried out and the course of the amplitude of the Fourier transform is examined.
  • the flow chart in FIG. 8 shows a summary of individual steps in the method sequence.
  • the AC voltage U and the motor AC current I applied to the motor are first measured and converted into square-wave signals UM '.
  • the size of the phase shift .DELTA..phi is determined, and the course over time and a moving averaging are carried out.
  • a parameter of the determined curve can be examined in this determination step 32, e.g. the size of the slope.
  • the subsequent assignment step 34 then serves to determine the specific feature, e.g. classify the slope of the curve, i.e.
  • the determination step 32 assigns a predetermined value range, which is linked to a pump operating state, which can correspond to a malfunction of the synchronous pump. It is optionally possible for the determination step 32 to include the above-mentioned transformation step for frequency analysis by means of Fourier transformation and for the amplitude of the Fourier transforms to be classified in the assignment step 34.
  • Four such operating states 36, 38, 40, 42 to be assigned are shown on the right-hand side in FIG. 8, namely the successful start-up of the synchronous pump, the suction of air when the water is low, the non-delivery of the pump in the event of a filter clogging and the non- Start the pump.
  • the diagnostic method according to the invention and the corresponding device are particularly suitable for use in dishwashers, but are not limited to this.
  • the invention can also be used without any problems in connection with liquid circuits of another type, during the operation of which certain operating states of the synchronous pump are to be determined and malfunctions are to be diagnosed.
  • the determination of the phase shift between voltage and current at a single measuring point already provides information about the operating state of the motor with regard to a certain parameter, for example the load torque. Further determinations are made possible if the time course of the phase shift between voltage and current is repeated, temporally successive measurements are determined.
  • the invention includes both variants of the measuring method. However, it is also possible to carry out the method in such a way that only one of the two measurement methods is used. Both process variants are therefore of independent importance.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Non-Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Washing And Drying Of Tableware (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour diagnostiquer des états de fonctionnement (36, 38, 40, 42) d'une pompe synchrone dans un circuit de liquide notamment dans un lave-vaisselle ou une machine analogue. L'invention est caractérisée en ce que dans au moins une opération de mesure (30) sont mesurés la tension alternative (U) du moteur de pompe et le courant alternatif du moteur (I), dans une opération de détermination (32) est mesurée à au moins un moment la grandeur d'un décalage de phase (??) entre la tension alternative (U) et le courant alternatif (I), sur la base de ces mesures est déterminé le décalage de phase (??) ou son déroulement dans le temps ainsi qu'une caractéristique du décalage de phase (A?) ou de son déroulement dans le temps, et dans une opération de mise en correspondance (34), cette caractéristique est attribuée à un état de fonctionnement de pompe (36, 38, 40, 42) prédéfini.
EP05715466A 2004-02-23 2005-02-23 Procede pour diagnostiquer des etats de fonctionnement d'une pompe synchrone et dispositif pour realiser ce procede Withdrawn EP1719241A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004009046A DE102004009046B3 (de) 2004-02-23 2004-02-23 Verfahren zur Diagnose von Betriebszuständen einer Synchronpumpe sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
PCT/EP2005/001872 WO2005081390A1 (fr) 2004-02-23 2005-02-23 Procede pour diagnostiquer des etats de fonctionnement d'une pompe synchrone et dispositif pour realiser ce procede

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1719241A1 true EP1719241A1 (fr) 2006-11-08

Family

ID=34442576

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05715466A Withdrawn EP1719241A1 (fr) 2004-02-23 2005-02-23 Procede pour diagnostiquer des etats de fonctionnement d'une pompe synchrone et dispositif pour realiser ce procede

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20070172360A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1719241A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102004009046B3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005081390A1 (fr)

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DE102008029910C5 (de) * 2008-06-24 2020-03-05 BSH Hausgeräte GmbH Verfahren zur Lastzustandserkennung einer Pumpe
DE102008043103A1 (de) 2008-10-22 2010-04-29 Alstrom Technology Ltd. Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Überwachung und/oder Analyse von Rotoren von elektrischen Maschinen im Betrieb
US8277571B2 (en) * 2010-08-24 2012-10-02 General Electric Company Methods and apparatus for detecting pump cavitation in a dishwasher using frequency analysis
DE102013101875A1 (de) 2013-02-26 2014-08-28 Miele & Cie. Kg Überwachungseinrichtung für eine elektrische Last und elektrisches Gerät mit einer Überwachungseinrichtung
EP2902630B1 (fr) * 2014-01-29 2018-01-03 Askoll Holding S.r.l. a socio unico Méthode de détection de condition de faible charge d'une pompe, en particulier une pompe à condensat intégrée dans un système de collecte de condensat, et groupe moteur-pompe
CN110350847A (zh) 2014-06-30 2019-10-18 艾尔默斯半导体股份公司 用于获得对电动机的可能有故障的负载状况的提示的方法
DE102014212626B3 (de) * 2014-06-30 2015-10-22 Elmos Semiconductor Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Erlangung eines Hinweises, insbesondere eines Anfangshinweises auf eine mögliche fehlerhafte Lastbedingung eines mehrphasigen Elektromotors
US11284773B2 (en) * 2020-01-31 2022-03-29 Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. System and method for controlling the water fill level within a dishwasher appliance
US11806465B2 (en) * 2021-06-24 2023-11-07 Johnson & Johnson Surgical Vision, Inc. Accurate irrigation rate measurement system and method
DE102022128744A1 (de) 2022-10-28 2024-05-08 KSB SE & Co. KGaA Verfahren zum Informationsaustausch zwischen einem externen Empfänger und einer Pumpe

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2005081390A1 (fr) 2005-09-01
DE102004009046B3 (de) 2005-05-19
US20070172360A1 (en) 2007-07-26

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