EP1717015B1 - Baling press with a Safety device for the movement of the press plate - Google Patents

Baling press with a Safety device for the movement of the press plate Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1717015B1
EP1717015B1 EP06008376.3A EP06008376A EP1717015B1 EP 1717015 B1 EP1717015 B1 EP 1717015B1 EP 06008376 A EP06008376 A EP 06008376A EP 1717015 B1 EP1717015 B1 EP 1717015B1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
press
press plate
switching
baling
plate
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EP06008376.3A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1717015A3 (en
EP1717015A2 (en
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Hermann Schwelling
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/28—Arrangements for preventing distortion of, or damage to, presses or parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/30—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for baling; Compression boxes therefor
    • B30B9/3003—Details
    • B30B9/3007—Control arrangements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a safety device with respect to the movement of the pressing plate of a baler, which are provided for compacting voluminous, bulky and / or compressible waste into a compact compact.
  • Balers of this type have a press box with a substantially vertical press shaft containing above its bottom a pressing area and an overlying filling area in which a driven pressure plate is movable, and the pressing area is closed by a front door.
  • balers are largely for one. Continuous operation are provided require a fail-safe, time and / or labor-saving automatic operation of the baler, especially when different bulky and bulky waste materials, such as paper, cardboard plastics or similar materials to pressed compact bales must be processed.
  • a major problem is that between the waste other disturbing, not sorted materials, such as stones or bulky Metal and / or wooden parts can be located, so that thereby tilted during pressing stroke, the pressure plate and deflects the connected to the pressure plate piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, so that it comes to disruptions of the pressing process or to a direct damage to the baler.
  • a baler with vertically movable. Press plate known.
  • a filling opening is arranged, which is closed with movement of the pressing plate with a pivoting flap.
  • This flap is also part of a safety device on the baler, which prevents that during the pressing movement of the pressing plate from the laterally arranged hopper no waste material passes through the filling opening in the baling chamber.
  • baler From the GB 2 019 775 A of a baler according to the preamble of claim 1 discloses, the US 3,943,844 A and the US 1,659,818 A In each case, a baler is known in which a safety device reacts to a deviation of the position of the press plate in their movement to press against their Soillage and causes at least the shutdown of the movement of the press plate
  • Each of these safety devices is expensive to manufacture and / or responds to a resulting tendency of the pressure plate with too much time delay.
  • the object of the invention is to further improve the safety of the initially described balers so that in particular possible accident states when pressing the waste materials from an operator of the baler by a technically simple and cost effective solution can be detected in good time, thereby ensuring better efficiency through a fail-safe and automatic operation of the baler and to avoid direct destruction of the balers themselves.
  • the new safety device in an upper region of a press shaft or on a drive unit of a baler at least one switching element which are connected to the control unit of the baler are arranged such that the entire pressing stroke from the initiation of the working stroke to the end position of a hydraulic cylinder / Press plate is monitored and in case of irregularities in the movement of the pressing plate, the drive of the pressing plate at least stops.
  • At least one upwardly projecting rod-shaped actuating element is arranged, which operates at low tilting or Kippun the press plate against a desired position said switching element.
  • the rod-shaped actuating element is arranged on the pressing plate in the outer area region. Furthermore, the rod-shaped actuating element is arranged on the pressing plate on one of the surface diagonals, preferably in the outer surface region, or the rod-shaped actuating element is arranged on the pressing plate on one of the surface bisectors, preferably in the outer surface region.
  • two mutually spaced rod-shaped actuating elements are provided on the press plate.
  • a ring with a flexible switching strip is arranged around this piston rod, which belongs to the switching element used and is connected by means of a cable to the switching element.
  • the switching element itself is in turn connected to the control unit of the baler.
  • the ring with the flexible switching strip is preferably arranged around one, preferably around the middle hydraulic cylinder.
  • At least two arranged on a switching strip sensors are provided opposite one another and / or offset from each other in the upper region of the shaft of the baler on a guide tube of the pressure plate.
  • the safety device according to the invention has the further advantage that when a signal occurs not only the drive of the pressure plate is stopped, but the pressure plate also moves back to its starting position.
  • baler of the type described can be inexpensively retrofitted cost and sensors of different principles of action can be used.
  • FIG. 1 shown first embodiment of a safety device for the movement of a press plate 5 shows a baler 1 with a press box 1a in the vertical design, in a Press shaft 2 is provided, which above its bottom 6 a pressing region 4 and an overlying filling region 3, in which the pressing plate 5 is movable, which is shown here in two possible positions 5 and is driven by a drive unit 8.
  • the enclosed by a rear wall and two opposite side walls press shaft 2 is at least during each pressing stroke of a, here the clarity endeavourör not drawn front door closed.
  • the movement of the pressure plate 5 is effected by a hydraulic cylinder 9 of the drive unit 8, wherein selbige 8 is placed with its drive carrier 8a on top of the press box 1a.
  • the press plate 5 is connected to the piston rod 10 of the hydraulic cylinder 9.
  • the movement of the pressure plate 5 is initiated by an actuation of the hydraulic cylinder 9.
  • the piston rod 10 connected to it projects at least partially into the upper region of the press shaft 2.
  • the piston rod 10 In a tilting / tilting or even tilting of the pressure plate 5 during a pressing stroke, in particular in the pressing region 4 of the baler 1, for example, if there are bulky wood or metal parts or other foreign objects between the packaging materials to be compressed, the piston rod 10 is laterally to its vertical "Target" claimed, which can lead to damage of the piston rod 10, the hydraulic cylinder 9 or other components of the drive unit 8 in strong deflection.
  • a ring with a flexible switching strip 11 is arranged in detail in FIG. 2 is shown in more detail.
  • This ring with a flexible switching strip 11 is connected via a cable 12 with a switching element 13 and the latter 13 with a not shown control unit of the baler 1.
  • FIG. 3a shows in a second embodiment, a view from above of the press shaft 2 of a baler 1 together in selbigem 2 guided press plate 5 and mounted on the press box 1a output carrier 8a, on which hydraulic cylinder 9 is supported and guide tubes 9a are guided.
  • the ring with the flexible switching strip 11 is also provided with respect to the surface diagonals of the pressure plate 5 centrally arranged rod-shaped actuator, here concentric lying around a switching tube 7.
  • the distance (gap) between the rod-shaped actuating element and the ring with flexible switching strip 11 is to be kept very small if small tolerances in the lateral deflection of the piston rod 10 are to be detected.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of a safety device for the movement of the press plate 5.
  • the baler 1 shown here is equal to that in the FIG. 1 Shown, however, are in this embodiment several, especially two rod-shaped.
  • Actuating elements in the form of switching tubes 7 are provided.
  • the right in the representation arranged shank 7 is placed in the end of one of the surface diagonals of the upper surface of the press plate 5.
  • switching tube 7 is assigned at least one switching element in the form of a sensor 14 and sensor 15 respectively.
  • These sensors 14 and 15 are above the range of movement of the press plate 5 in the press box 1 a, preferably above the filling area 3, arranged on or in the relevant wall so that they are always in the range of action / range of motion of the respective switching tube.
  • These sensors 14 and 15 are preferably each equipped with a mechanical sensor. Instead of these mechanical probes, electronic probes, optical probes or opto-electronic probes or in place of the probe proximity switches can be used.
  • buttons have touching contact with the respective switching tube 7 and with the piston rod 10.
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiments shown in the drawings but often variable.
  • the circular line formed by the flexible switching strip 11 of the ring is not arranged concentrically to the rod-shaped actuating element lying.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
  • Presses And Accessory Devices Thereof (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Sicherheitsvorrichtung bezüglich der Bewegung der Pressplatte einer Ballenpresse, die zum Verdichten von voluminösen, sperrigen und/oder komprimierbaren Abfallstoffen zu einem kompakten Pressgut vorgesehen sind. Ballenpressen dieser Gattung besitzen einen Presskasten mit einem im Wesentlichen vertikalen Pressschacht, der oberhalb seines Bodens einen Pressbereich und einen darüber liegenden Einfüllbereich enthält, in denen eine angetriebene Pressplatte bewegbar ist, und der Pressbereich durch eine Fronttür verschließbar ist.The invention relates to a safety device with respect to the movement of the pressing plate of a baler, which are provided for compacting voluminous, bulky and / or compressible waste into a compact compact. Balers of this type have a press box with a substantially vertical press shaft containing above its bottom a pressing area and an overlying filling area in which a driven pressure plate is movable, and the pressing area is closed by a front door.

Die meisten modernen Ballenpressen, die weitgehend für einen. Dauerbetrieb vorgesehen sind, erfordern einen störungssicheren, zeit- und/oder arbeitssparenden automatischen Betrieb der Ballenpresse, insbesondere dann, wenn unterschiedlich voluminöse und sperrige Abfallstoffe, wie Papier, Pappe Kunststoffe oder ähnliche Materialien zu gepressten, kompakten Ballen verarbeitet werden müssen. Ein großes Problem besteht dabei darin, dass sich zwischen den Abfallstoffen andere störende, nicht sortenreine Materialen, wie Steine oder sperrige Metall- und/oder Holzteile befinden können, so dass sich dadurch beim Presshub die Pressplatte verkantet und die mit der Pressplatte verbundene Kolbenstange des Hydraulikzylinders auslenkt, so dass es zu Störungen des Pressvorganges kommt oder zu einer direkten Beschädigung der Ballenpresse.Most modern balers are largely for one. Continuous operation are provided require a fail-safe, time and / or labor-saving automatic operation of the baler, especially when different bulky and bulky waste materials, such as paper, cardboard plastics or similar materials to pressed compact bales must be processed. A major problem is that between the waste other disturbing, not sorted materials, such as stones or bulky Metal and / or wooden parts can be located, so that thereby tilted during pressing stroke, the pressure plate and deflects the connected to the pressure plate piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, so that it comes to disruptions of the pressing process or to a direct damage to the baler.

Bei den modernen Ballenpressen der unterschiedlichsten Bauart, wird der Pressvorgang immer weiter automatisiert, damit die Ballenpressen leistungsstärker und schneller arbeiten. Damit besteht ein Bedarf dahingehend, für einen automatisierten Arbeitsablauf die Bedienungssicherheit der Ballenpresse durch ein frühzeitige Erkennung möglicher Havariezustände während des Betriebes der Ballenpresse in den einzelnen Arbeitsbereichen weiter zu verbessern, insbesondere dann, wenn unterschiedlichste Materialien verarbeitet werden.In the modern balers of various designs, the pressing process is being further automated, so that the balers work more powerful and faster. Thus, there is a need to further improve the operating safety of the baler by automatically detecting possible accident conditions during operation of the baler in the individual work areas for an automated workflow, especially when a wide variety of materials are processed.

So ist aus der DE 199 22 833 A1 eine Anordnung zum Abspeichern von ballenspezifischen Daten für landwirtschaftliche Ballenpressen bekannt, wobei die über einen Sensor erfassten Informationen auf einem elektronischen Speichermediüm, einem Mikrochip abgespeichert werden, der in den Ballen einbringbar oder am Ballen fixierbar ist, um unterschiedliche Parameter des Erntegutes zu erfassen. Aus der DE 198 02 768 A1 ist weiterhin eine Ballenpresse für Kartonageabfälle bekannt, bei der die Zuführeinrichtung einen Lastmessfühler aufweist, dessen Signale zur automatischen Steuerung des Antriebes der Zuführeinrichtung und/oder des Antriebs des Presskolbens in Abhängigkeit von voreinstellbaren Belastungswerten dienen, um bei schwankender Materiatzufuhrmenge eine Überlastung der Zuführungseinheit zu vermeiden.So is out of the DE 199 22 833 A1 an arrangement for storing ball-specific data for agricultural balers known, wherein the information detected by a sensor stored on an electronic Speichermediüm, a microchip which can be introduced into the bale or fixed to the bale to detect different parameters of the crop. From the DE 198 02 768 A1 Furthermore, a baler for Kartonageabfälle is known in which the supply device has a load sensor whose signals are used to automatically control the drive of the feeder and / or the drive of the plunger in response to presettable load values to fluctuating amount of material supply to avoid overloading of the feed unit.

Aus der AT 349 317 B ist eine Ballenpresse mit vertikal bewegbarer. Pressplatte bekannt. In einer Seitenwand des Pressraumes ist eine Füllöffnung angeordnet, die bei Bewegung der Preßplatte mit einer schwenkbeweglichen Klappe verschlossen wird. Diese Klappe ist zugleich Teil einer Sicherheitsvorrichtung an der Ballenpresse, die verhindert, dass während der pressenden Bewegung der Pressplatte aus dem seitlich angeordneten Füllschacht kein Abfallmaterial durch die Füllöffnung in den Pressraum gelangt.From the AT 349 317 B is a baler with vertically movable. Press plate known. In a side wall of the pressing chamber, a filling opening is arranged, which is closed with movement of the pressing plate with a pivoting flap. This flap is also part of a safety device on the baler, which prevents that during the pressing movement of the pressing plate from the laterally arranged hopper no waste material passes through the filling opening in the baling chamber.

Aus der GB 2 019 775 A , des eine Ballenpresse gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 offenbart, der US 3,943,844 A und der US 1,659,818 A ist jeweils eine Ballenpresse bekannt, bei denen eine Sicherheitsvorrichtung auf eine Abweichung der Lage der Pressplatte bei deren Bewegung zum Pressen gegenüber deren Soillage reagiert und zumindest die Abschaltung der Bewegung der Pressplatte bewirktFrom the GB 2 019 775 A of a baler according to the preamble of claim 1 discloses, the US 3,943,844 A and the US 1,659,818 A In each case, a baler is known in which a safety device reacts to a deviation of the position of the press plate in their movement to press against their Soillage and causes at least the shutdown of the movement of the press plate

Jede dieser Sicherheitsvorrichtungen ist aufwendig in der Herstellung und/oder reagiert auf eine sich ergebende Neigung der Pressplatte mit zu großer Zeitverzögerung.Each of these safety devices is expensive to manufacture and / or responds to a resulting tendency of the pressure plate with too much time delay.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, die Sicherheit eingangs beschriebener Ballenpressen weiter so zu verbessern, dass insbesondere mögliche Havariezustände beim Verpressen der Abfallmaterialien von einem Bediener der Ballenpresse durch eine technisch einfache und kostengünstige Lösung rechtzeitiger erkannt werden kann, um dadurch eine bessere Wirtschaftlichkeit durch einen störungssicheren und automatischen Betrieb der Ballenpresse zu gewährleisten sowie direkte Zerstörungen an den Ballenpressen selbst zu vermeiden.The object of the invention is to further improve the safety of the initially described balers so that in particular possible accident states when pressing the waste materials from an operator of the baler by a technically simple and cost effective solution can be detected in good time, thereby ensuring better efficiency through a fail-safe and automatic operation of the baler and to avoid direct destruction of the balers themselves.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch eine Ballenpresse mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruches 1. Die nachgeordneten Ansprüche 2 bis 15 offenbaren Weiterbildungen und Ausführungsvarianten der Erfindung.This object is achieved by a baler with the features of claim 1. The subordinate claims 2 to 15 disclose further developments and embodiments of the invention.

Bei der neuen Sicherheitsvorrichtung ist vorgesehen, dass in einem oberen Bereich eines Pressschachtes oder an einer Antriebseinheit einer Ballenpresse wenigstens ein Schaltelement die mit der Steuereinheit der Ballenpresse verbunden sind, derart angeordnet sind, dass der gesamte Presshub von der Auslösung des Arbeitshubes bis zur Endstellung eines Hydraulikzylinders/Pressplatte überwacht wird und bei Unregelmäßigkeiten in der Bewegung der Pressplatte der Antrieb der Pressplatte zumindest stoppt.In the new safety device is provided that in an upper region of a press shaft or on a drive unit of a baler at least one switching element which are connected to the control unit of the baler are arranged such that the entire pressing stroke from the initiation of the working stroke to the end position of a hydraulic cylinder / Press plate is monitored and in case of irregularities in the movement of the pressing plate, the drive of the pressing plate at least stops.

Zur Betätigung der Schaltelemente, bzw der flexiblen Schaltleiste an bzw. auf der Pressplatte bzw. auf deren Rahmen ist wenigstens ein aufwärts ragendes stangenförmiges Betätigungselement angeordnet, welches bei geringer Verkantung bzw Kippun der Pressplatte gegenüber einer Solllage die besagten Schaltelement betätigt.For actuating the switching elements, or the flexible switching strip on or on the press plate or on the frame at least one upwardly projecting rod-shaped actuating element is arranged, which operates at low tilting or Kippun the press plate against a desired position said switching element.

Je weiter diese Schaltstange von der senkrechten Zentrumsachse der Pressplatte entfernt angeordnet ist, desto feinfühliger arbeitet die Sicherheitsvorrichtung.The further this shift rod is arranged away from the vertical center axis of the press plate, the more sensitive the safety device operates.

So ist nach einer Ausführungsvariante das stangenförmige Betätigungselement auf der Pressplatte im äußeren Flächenbereich angeordnet. Nach einer Weiteren ist das stangenförmige Betätigungselement auf der Pressplatte auf einer der Flächendiagonalen, vorzugsweise im äußeren Flächenbereich, angeordnet oder das stangenförmige Betätigungselement ist auf der Pressplatte auf einer der Flächenhalbierenden angeordnet, vorzugsweise im äußeren Flächenbereich.Thus, according to one embodiment variant, the rod-shaped actuating element is arranged on the pressing plate in the outer area region. Furthermore, the rod-shaped actuating element is arranged on the pressing plate on one of the surface diagonals, preferably in the outer surface region, or the rod-shaped actuating element is arranged on the pressing plate on one of the surface bisectors, preferably in the outer surface region.

Bei einer weiteren Ausführungsvariante sind an der Pressplatte zwei zueinander beabstandet angeordnete stangenförmige Betätigungselemente vorgesehen.In a further embodiment, two mutually spaced rod-shaped actuating elements are provided on the press plate.

Vorteilhaft kann aber auch vorgesehen sein, dass die Kolbenstange des Hydraulikzylinders der Antriebseinheit zugleich das stangenförmige. Betätigungselement ist.But can also be advantageously provided that the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder of the drive unit at the same time the rod-shaped. Actuator is.

Bei der neven Sicherheitsvorrichtung ist vorgesehen, dass um diese Kolbenstange ein Ring mit einer flexiblen Schaltleiste angeordnet ist, die zum eingesetzten Schaltelement gehört und mittels eines Kabels mit dem Schaltelement verbunden ist. Das Schaltelement selbst ist wiederum mit der Steuerungseinheit der Ballenpresse verbunden. Beim Auslenken der Kolbenstange des Hydraulikzylinders aus ihrer Solllage heraus wird bei Kontakt der Kolbenstange mit der Schaltleiste im Schalelement ein Signal erzeugt, welches von der Steuerungseinheit der Ballenpresse bewertet wird und über selbige der Antrieb der Pressplatte gestoppt wird.In the neven safety device is provided that a ring with a flexible switching strip is arranged around this piston rod, which belongs to the switching element used and is connected by means of a cable to the switching element. The switching element itself is in turn connected to the control unit of the baler. When deflecting the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder from its desired position, a signal is generated upon contact of the piston rod with the switching strip in the switching element, which is evaluated by the control unit of the baler and selbige the drive of the press plate is stopped.

Bevorzugt ist zudem vorgesehen, dass bei einer Anordnung von mehreren Hydraulikzylindern in der Antriebseinheit der Ring mit der flexiblen Schaltleiste vorzugsweise um einen, bevorzugt um den mittleren Hydraulikzylinder, angeordnet ist.Preferably, it is also provided that, in the case of an arrangement of a plurality of hydraulic cylinders in the drive unit, the ring with the flexible switching strip is preferably arranged around one, preferably around the middle hydraulic cylinder.

Eine vorteilhafte Ausführungsform wird auch darin gesehen, dass an einem Führungsrohr der Pressplatte mindestens zwei an einer Schaltleiste angeordnete Sensoren einander gegenüberliegend und/oder versetzt zueinander in dem oberen Bereich des Schachtes der Ballenpresse vorgesehen sind.An advantageous embodiment is also seen that at least two arranged on a switching strip sensors are provided opposite one another and / or offset from each other in the upper region of the shaft of the baler on a guide tube of the pressure plate.

Ein vorteilhafte Weiterbildung wird zudem darin gesehen, das mindestens zwei Sensoren im Wirkungs-Bereich des Führungsrohres der Pressplatte oder des bzw. der an der Pressplatte angeordneten stangenförmigen Betätigungselementes / -te an oder in den Wänden des Pressschachtes der Ballenpresse angeordnet sind.An advantageous development is also seen in which arranged at least two sensors in the area of action of the guide tube of the press plate or the or on the press plate rod-shaped actuating element / -te are arranged on or in the walls of the press shaft of the baler.

Eine bevorzugte Weiterbildung wird auch darin gesehen, dass zur Erfassung der Verkippung/Neigung der Pressplatte Sensoren unterschiedlichster Wirkprinzipien einsetzbar und kombinierbar sind.A preferred development is also seen in that for detecting the tilt / inclination of the pressure plate sensors of different principles of action can be used and combined.

Die erfindungsgemäße Sicherheitsvorrichtung hat weiterhin den Vorteil, dass bei Auftreten eines Signals nicht nur der Antrieb der Pressplatte gestoppt wird, sondern die Pressplatte auch in ihre Ausgangsstellung zurückfährt.The safety device according to the invention has the further advantage that when a signal occurs not only the drive of the pressure plate is stopped, but the pressure plate also moves back to its starting position.

Wesentlich ist an der neuen Sicherheitsvorrichtung betreffend der Kontrolle der Bewegung der Pressplatte bei Ballenpressen, dass rechtzeitig Havariezustände der Ballenpresse während des Pressvorganges erkannt werden, beispielsweise beim Verpressen der Abfallmaterialien, wenn sich Steine, Palettenteile aus Holz oder Metall oder andere störende Teile zwischen den Abfallmaterialien befinden, die zu einem Verkannten der Pressplatte bei einem Presshub und damit zu einer Auslenkung der Kolbenstange des Hydraulikzylinders oder des Führungsrohres führen. Dadurch kann der Antrieb der Pressplatte zeitig gestoppt werden, so dass Beschädigungen der Ballenpresse direkt im Presskasten und an der Antriebseinheit vermieden werden können. Weitere Vorteile bestehen darin, dass durch diese einfache und praktische technische Lösung bekannte Ballenpresse der beschriebenen Gattung ohne großen Aufwand kostengünstig nachgerüstet werden können und Sensoren unterschiedlichster Wirkprinzipien einsetzbar sind.It is essential to the new safety device concerning the control of the movement of the press plate in balers that timely accident conditions of the baler are recognized during the pressing process, for example when pressing the waste materials when stones, pallet parts made of wood or metal or other interfering parts between the waste materials , which lead to a tilting of the pressing plate during a pressing stroke and thus to a deflection of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder or the guide tube. As a result, the drive of the press plate can be stopped early, so that damage to the baler can be avoided directly in the press box and on the drive unit. Other advantages are that known by this simple and practical technical solution known baler of the type described can be inexpensively retrofitted cost and sensors of different principles of action can be used.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von schematisch in Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer Sicherheitsvorrichtung für die Bewegung der Preßplatte bei einer Ballenpresse in schematisierter Seitenansicht;
Fig. 2
ein Schaltelement der Sicherheitsvorrichtung in Detailansicht;
Fig. 3, 3a und 3b
ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel einer Sicherheitsvorrichtung für die Bewegung der Pressplatte bei einer Ballenpresse in schematisierter Seitenansicht;
Fig. 4
eine Ausführungsvariante einer Sicherheitsvorrichtung in Detailansicht.
The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to embodiments shown schematically in drawings. Show it:
Fig. 1
a first embodiment of a safety device for the movement of the press plate in a baler in a schematic side view;
Fig. 2
a switching element of the safety device in detail view;
Fig. 3, 3a and 3b
a second embodiment of a safety device for the movement of the press plate in a baler in a schematic side view;
Fig. 4
an embodiment of a safety device in detail view.

Das in Figur 1 dargestellte erste Ausführungsbeispiel einer Sicherheitsvorrichtung für die Bewegung einer Pressplatte 5 zeigt eine Ballenpresse 1 mit einem Presskasten 1a in vertikaler Bauart, in der ein Pressschacht 2 vorgesehen ist, welcher oberhalb seines Bodens 6 einen Pressbereich 4 und einen darüber liegenden Einfüllbereich 3 aufweist, in denen die Pressplatte 5 bewegbar ist, die 5 hier in zwei möglichen Positionen dargestellt ist und von einer Antriebseinheit 8 angetrieben wird. Der von einer Rückwand und zwei einander gegenüberliegenden Seitenwänden umschlossene Pressschacht 2 wird zumindest während jedem Presshub von einer, hier der Übersichtlichkeit halbör nicht gezeichneten Frontürwerschlossen.This in FIG. 1 shown first embodiment of a safety device for the movement of a press plate 5 shows a baler 1 with a press box 1a in the vertical design, in a Press shaft 2 is provided, which above its bottom 6 a pressing region 4 and an overlying filling region 3, in which the pressing plate 5 is movable, which is shown here in two possible positions 5 and is driven by a drive unit 8. The enclosed by a rear wall and two opposite side walls press shaft 2 is at least during each pressing stroke of a, here the clarity halbör not drawn front door closed.

Die Bewegung der Pressplatte 5 erfolgt dabei durch einen Hydraulikzylinder 9 der Antriebseinheit 8, wobei selbige 8 mit ihrem Antriebsträger 8a oben auf dem Presskasten 1a aufgesetzt ist. Die Pressplatte 5 ist mit der Kolbenstange 10 des Hydraulikzylinders 9 verbunden. Die Bewegung der Pressplatte 5 wird durch eine Betätigung des Hydraulikzylinders 9 eingeleitet. Während des Presshubes der Pressplatte 5 ragt die mit ihr verbundene Kolbenstange 10 mindestens teilweise in den oberen Bereich des Pressschachtes 2 hinein.
Bei einem Kippen/Neigen oder gar Verkanten der Pressplatte 5 während eines Presshubes, insbesondere im Pressbereich 4 der Ballenpresse 1, beispielsweise wenn sich zwischen den zu verpressenden Verpackungsmaterialien sperrige Holz- oder Metallteile oder andere fremde Gegenstände befinden, wird die Kolbenstange 10 seitlich zu ihrer vertikalen "Sollachse" beansprucht, was bei starker Auslenkung zu einer Beschädigung der Kolbenstange 10, des Hydraulikzylinders 9 oder weiterer Bauteile der Antriebseinheit 8 führen kann.The movement of the pressure plate 5 is effected by a hydraulic cylinder 9 of the drive unit 8, wherein selbige 8 is placed with its drive carrier 8a on top of the press box 1a. The press plate 5 is connected to the piston rod 10 of the hydraulic cylinder 9. The movement of the pressure plate 5 is initiated by an actuation of the hydraulic cylinder 9. During the pressing stroke of the press plate 5, the piston rod 10 connected to it projects at least partially into the upper region of the press shaft 2.
In a tilting / tilting or even tilting of the pressure plate 5 during a pressing stroke, in particular in the pressing region 4 of the baler 1, for example, if there are bulky wood or metal parts or other foreign objects between the packaging materials to be compressed, the piston rod 10 is laterally to its vertical "Target" claimed, which can lead to damage of the piston rod 10, the hydraulic cylinder 9 or other components of the drive unit 8 in strong deflection.

Um eine solche Havariegefahr an der Ballenpresse 1 frühzeitig zu erkennen, ist hier erfindungsgemäß im oberen Abschlussbereich der Ballenpresse 1 um die Kolbenstange 10 des Hydraulikzylinders 9 ein Ring mit einer flexiblen Schaltleiste 11 angeordnet, der im Detail in Figur 2 näher dargestellt ist. Dieser Ring mit einer flexiblen Schaltleiste 11 ist über ein Kabel 12 mit einem Schaltelement 13 verbunden und letzteres 13 mit einer nicht gezeichneten Steuereinheit der Ballenpresse 1. Beim Auslenken der Kolbenstange 10 des Hydraulikzylinders 9 wegen einem Verkippen der Pressplatte 5 über einen vorgegebenen Sollwert hinaus, also bei Kontakt der Kolbenstange 10 mit der flexiblen Schaltleiste 11, wird ein Signal erzeugt und an die Steuereinheit weitergeleitet und von letzterer der Antrieb der Pressplatte 5 gestoppt.
Bei diesem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Kolbenstange 10 zugleich das stangenförmige Betätigungselement der Sicherheitsvorrichtung.In order to detect such a Havariegefahr on the baler 1 early, here according to the invention in the upper end region of the baler 1 to the piston rod 10 of the hydraulic cylinder 9, a ring with a flexible switching strip 11 is arranged in detail in FIG. 2 is shown in more detail. This ring with a flexible switching strip 11 is connected via a cable 12 with a switching element 13 and the latter 13 with a not shown control unit of the baler 1. When deflecting the piston rod 10 of the hydraulic cylinder 9 due to tilting of the pressure plate 5 above a predetermined setpoint addition, ie upon contact of the piston rod 10 with the flexible switching strip 11, a signal is generated and forwarded to the control unit and stopped by the latter, the drive of the pressure plate 5.
In this first embodiment, the piston rod 10 is also the rod-shaped actuating element of the safety device.

Die Figur 3a zeigt bei einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel eine Sicht von oben auf den Pressschacht 2 einer Ballenpresse 1 mitsamt in selbigem 2 geführter Pressplatte 5 sowie den auf den Presskasten 1a aufgesetzten Abtriebsträger 8a, an welchem Hydraulikzylinder 9 gehaltert sowie Führungsrohre 9a geführt sind. Bei einer Anordnung von mehreren Hydraulikzylindern 9, wie es hier gezeigt ist, ist der Ring mit der flexiblen Schaltleiste 11 auch um ein bezüglich der Flächendiagonalen der Pressplatte 5 mittig angeordnetes stangenförmiges Betätigungselement, hier um ein Schaltrohr 7 konzentrisch liegend vorgesehen.The FIG. 3a shows in a second embodiment, a view from above of the press shaft 2 of a baler 1 together in selbigem 2 guided press plate 5 and mounted on the press box 1a output carrier 8a, on which hydraulic cylinder 9 is supported and guide tubes 9a are guided. In an arrangement of a plurality of hydraulic cylinders 9, as shown here, the ring with the flexible switching strip 11 is also provided with respect to the surface diagonals of the pressure plate 5 centrally arranged rod-shaped actuator, here concentric lying around a switching tube 7.

Bei den beiden zuvor genannten Ausführungsbeispielen ist der Abstand (Spalt) zwischen dem stangenförmigen Betätigungselement und dem Ring mit flexibler Schaltleiste 11 sehr klein zu halten, wenn geringe Toleranzen in der seitlichen Auslenkung der Kolbenstange 10 erfasst werden sollen.In the two embodiments mentioned above, the distance (gap) between the rod-shaped actuating element and the ring with flexible switching strip 11 is to be kept very small if small tolerances in the lateral deflection of the piston rod 10 are to be detected.

Gegenüber den beiden vorgenannten Ausführungsbeispielen sind Ausführungsvarianten gemäß den Figuren 3 und 3b für die Gestaltung der neuen Sicherheitsvorrichtung noch kostengünstiger.
So ist bei einer Ausführung nach der Figur 3b vorgesehen, dass das stangenförmige Betätigungselement der Sicherheitsvorrichtung auf der Pressplatte 5 auf einer von deren Flächendiagonalen, vorzugsweise in deren äußerem Flächenbereich, angeordnet ist. Das zugehörige Schaltelement ist hier ebenfalls mit einem Ring mit flexibler Schaltleiste 11 ausgestattet, welcher 11 konzentrisch ein Schaltrohr 7 umgreift. Bei dieser Ausführung kann der Abstand, die Toleranz, zwischen dem Ring 11 und dem Schaltrohr 7 größer gewählt werden bezüglich dem Sollwert für die maximal zulässig Auslenkung der Kolbenstange 10.Compared to the two aforementioned embodiments are embodiments according to the Figures 3 and 3b even more cost effective for the design of the new security device.
So is in one execution after the FIG. 3b provided that the rod-shaped actuating element of the safety device on the pressure plate 5 on one of their surface diagonals, preferably in the outer surface region, is arranged. The associated switching element is also equipped here with a ring with flexible switching strip 11, which concentrically surrounds a 11 switching tube 7. In this embodiment, the distance, the tolerance, between the ring 11 and the switching tube 7 can be made larger with respect to the target value for the maximum permissible deflection of the piston rod 10th

Die Figur 3 zeigt eine weitere Ausführungsvariante einer Sicherheitsvorrichtung für die Bewegung der Pressplatte 5. Die hier gezeigte Ballenpresse 1 ist gleich der in der Figur 1 Gezeigten, jedoch sind bei dieser Ausführung mehrere, im Speziellen zwei stangenförmige . Betätigungselemente in Form von Schaltrohren 7 vorgesehen. Das in der Darstellung rechts angeordnete Schäftrohr 7 ist im Endbereich einer der Flächendiagonalen der oberen Fläche der Pressplatte 5 aufgestellt. Vorzugsweise in dem Eckbereich des Presskastens 1a, an dem auch die Fronttür der Ballenpresse 1 gehalten und gelagert ist. Dass in der Darstellung links' angeordnete Schaltrohr 7 ist auf einer der Flächenhalbierenden der Pressplatte 5 aufgestellt.
Dem rechts, genauer gesagt vorn und rechts im Presskasten 1a, und dem Links in der Darstellung, genauer gesagt hinten und mittig im Presskasten 1a, gezeigten Schaltrohr 7 ist jeweils wenigstens ein Schaltelement in Form eines Sensors 14 bzw. Sensors 15 zugeordnet. Diese Sensoren 14 und 15 sind oberhalb des Bewegungsbereiches der Pressplatte 5 im Presskasten 1 a, bevorzugt oberhalb des Einfüllbereiches 3, an oder in der betreffenden Wand so angeordnet, dass sie stets im Wirkungsbereich/Bewegungsbereich des betreffenden Schaltrohres liegen. Diese Sensoren 14 und 15 sind vorzugsweise jeweils mit einem mechanischen Fühler ausgestattet.
An Stelle dieser mechanischen Fühler können auch elektronische Fühler, optische Fühler oder opto-elektronische Fühler oder an Stelle der Fühler Näherungsschalter eingesetzt werden.The FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of a safety device for the movement of the press plate 5. The baler 1 shown here is equal to that in the FIG. 1 Shown, however, are in this embodiment several, especially two rod-shaped. Actuating elements in the form of switching tubes 7 are provided. The right in the representation arranged shank 7 is placed in the end of one of the surface diagonals of the upper surface of the press plate 5. Preferably in the corner region of the press box 1a, on which the front door of the baler 1 is also held and supported. That in the illustration left 'arranged switching tube 7 is placed on one of the bisectors of the press plate 5.
The right, more precisely front and right in the press box 1a, and the left in the illustration, more specifically, rear and centrally in the press box 1a, shown switching tube 7 is assigned at least one switching element in the form of a sensor 14 and sensor 15 respectively. These sensors 14 and 15 are above the range of movement of the press plate 5 in the press box 1 a, preferably above the filling area 3, arranged on or in the relevant wall so that they are always in the range of action / range of motion of the respective switching tube. These sensors 14 and 15 are preferably each equipped with a mechanical sensor.
Instead of these mechanical probes, electronic probes, optical probes or opto-electronic probes or in place of the probe proximity switches can be used.

Bei der Ausführungsvariante nach Fig. 4 sind um ein Schaltrohr 7 bzw. um die Kolbenstange 10 des Antriebes 8 herum, auf einer konzentrisch vorgesehenen Kreislinie bevorzugt gleichmäßig verteilt, mindestens zwei, vorzugsweise vier Sensoren 14/15 angeordnet, deren Taster berührenden Kontakt mit dem betreffenden Schaltrohr 7 bzw. mit der Kolbenstange 10 haben. Mit einer solchen Ausführung ist insbesondere der Toleranzbereich für die maximale Neigung der Pressplatte 5 bezüglich einer horizontalen Ebene - einer Sollebene, die rechtwinklig zu der Bewegungsrichtung der Pressplatte 5 liegt - feiner einstellbar.In the embodiment according to Fig. 4 are preferably uniformly distributed around a switching tube 7 or around the piston rod 10 of the drive 8, on a concentrically provided circular line, at least two, preferably four sensors 14/15 are arranged, the buttons have touching contact with the respective switching tube 7 and with the piston rod 10. With such an embodiment, in particular, the tolerance range for the maximum inclination of the press plate 5 with respect to a horizontal plane - a sole plane which is perpendicular to the direction of movement of the press plate 5 - finer adjustable.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt sondern vielfach variabel. Nach einer anderen Ausführung ist die von der flexiblen Schaltleiste 11 des Ringes gebildete Kreislinie nicht konzentrisch zum stangenförmigen Betätigungselement liegend angeordnet ist.The invention is not limited to the embodiments shown in the drawings but often variable. According to another embodiment, the circular line formed by the flexible switching strip 11 of the ring is not arranged concentrically to the rod-shaped actuating element lying.

Diese beiden Ausführungsvarianten werden je nachdem welches Abfallmaterial bzw. Materialgemisch zu verpressen ist eingesetzt. Eine weitere Anwendung ist vorteilhaft, wenn bezüglich den Flächenachsen der Pressplatte 5 unterschiedliche Toleranzen gefordert oder möglich sind.These two variants are used depending on which waste material or material mixture is to be pressed. Another application is advantageous if with respect to the surface axes of the press plate 5 different tolerances required or possible.

Bezugsziffernverzeichnis:References directory:

11
Ballenpressebaler
1a1a
PresskastenPress box
22
Pressschachtpress shaft
33
Einfüllbereichfilling area
44
PressbereichPress area
55
Pressplattepress plate
66
Schachtbodenshaft bottom
77
stangenförmiges Betätigungselement (Schaltstange/ -rohr)rod-shaped actuator (shift rod / tube)
88th
Antriebseinheitdrive unit
8a8a
Antriebsträgerdrive carrier
99
Hydraulikzylinderhydraulic cylinders
9a9a
Führungsrohreguide tubes
1010
Kolbenstangepiston rod
1111
Ring mit flexibler SchaltleisteRing with flexible safety edge
1212
Kabelelectric wire
1313
Schaltelementswitching element
14, 1514, 15
Schaltelemente in Form von Sensoren / Näherungsschalter (mit mechanischem, elektronischem oder opto-elektronischem Taster / Fühler)Switching elements in the form of sensors / proximity switches (with mechanical, electronic or optoelectronic pushbuttons / sensors)

Claims (13)

  1. A baling press (1) comprising: a safety device for a movement of a press plate of the baling press which is provided for compressing voluminous, bulky and/or compressible waste materials into a compact pressed material, wherein:
    - the baling press (1) includes a press box (1a) with a substantially vertical press shaft (2) wherein the press shaft (2) is optionally closeable by a one piece or multi piece shaft door and wherein the press shaft (2) includes at least one press portion (4) above a base (6) of the press shaft (2) and a fill in portion (3) arranged there above the press portion, wherein a driven press plate (5) is movable in the fill in portion (3) and in the press portion (4),
    - a drive unit (8) is arranged at the baling press (1) and at least one connecting element is arranged between the drive unit (8) and the press plate (5) as well as a control unit, and
    - wherein the safety device includes at least one switching element and at least one actuation element wherein the switching element is operatively connected with the control unit so that an inclination of the press plate that is generated during a movement of the press plate, wherein the inclination refers to a nominal position of the press plate, generates a signal which causes at least switching off the movement of the press plate (5),
    wherein the actuation element is a rod shaped actuation element that is arranged at the press plate (5) and protrudes in an upward direction wherein the actuation element is arranged so that the actuation element is at least temporarily moveable within an effective range of the switching element during a movement of the press plate (5) and actuates the switching element (13) when the press plate (5) does not operate smoothly,
    characterized in that
    the at least one switching element (13) is provided in an upper portion of the pressing shaft (2) or at or in the drive unit (8) of the baling press (1) operatively connected with the connecting element, and
    the switching element (13) includes a ring with a flexible switching bar (11) wherein the switching bar (11) is connected by a cable (12) with the switching element (13).
  2. The baling press (1) according to claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the rod shaped actuation element is within an operating range of the switching element (13) during an entire stroke of the press plate (5), thus from triggering of the operating stroke to a lower end position of the press plate (5).
  3. The baling press (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the rod shaped actuation element is a switching tube (7).
  4. The baling press (1) according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the connecting element is a piston rod (10) of a hydraulic cylinder (9) of the drive unit (8) and simultaneously forms the rod shaped actuation element.
  5. The baling press (1) according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the rod shaped actuation element is arranged on the press plate (5) in an outer surface portion of the press plate.
  6. The baling press (1) according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the rod shaped actuation element is arranged on the press plate (5) on a surface diagonal of the press plate (5).
  7. The baling press (1) according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the rod shaped actuation element is arranged on the press plate (5) on a surface line that cuts a surface of the press plate (5) into half.
  8. The baling press (1) according to claim 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that plural actuation elements are arranged at the press plate (5) that are rod shaped and arranged at a distance from each other.
  9. The baling press (1) according to claim 1,
    characterized in that the ring is arranged with a flexible switching bar (11) about the piston rod (10) of a hydraulic cylinder (9) of the drive unit (8) so that a signal for switching off the drive of the press plate (5) is triggered when displacing the piston rod (10) from a nominal position.
  10. The baling press (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that in a drive unit (8) with plural hydraulic cylinders (9) the ring with the flexible switching bar (11) is arranged at a hydraulic cylinder (9).
  11. The baling press (1) according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8, characterized in that two opposite switching elements (13) or plural switching elements that are offset relative to each other are provided in the movement range of the rod shaped actuation element.
  12. The baling press (1) according to one of the claims 1-11, characterized in that the at least one switching element (13) includes an electronic probe, an optical probe, an opto-electrical probe or a proximity switch for detecting an inclination of the press plate (5) relative to a horizontal plane.
  13. The baling press (1) according to claim 1, 9 or 10, characterized in that a circle formed by the flexible switching bar of the ring (11) is not arranged concentric to the rod shaped actuation element.
EP06008376.3A 2005-04-25 2006-04-24 Baling press with a Safety device for the movement of the press plate Active EP1717015B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL06008376T PL1717015T3 (en) 2005-04-25 2006-04-24 Baling press with a Safety device for the movement of the press plate

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005019447 2005-04-25

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EP1717015A2 EP1717015A2 (en) 2006-11-02
EP1717015A3 EP1717015A3 (en) 2011-08-17
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PL (1) PL1717015T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202015102601U1 (en) 2015-05-20 2015-06-23 Hermann Schwelling baler
AT518694B1 (en) * 2016-05-31 2019-08-15 Avl List Gmbh Reciprocating piston engine and method and apparatus for diagnosis and / or control of a reciprocating engine
AT518268B1 (en) 2016-05-31 2017-09-15 Avl List Gmbh Method and system for diagnosing and / or controlling a reciprocating engine with a variable compression ratio

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE946947C (en) * 1950-10-17 1956-08-09 Eugen Siempelkamp Hydraulic press, scissors or the like with two or more pressure cylinders acting on a movable press part

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1659818A (en) * 1926-10-04 1928-02-21 Haney Walter Automatic press stop
US3943844A (en) * 1974-12-12 1976-03-16 Ann Arbor Baler Company Baling machine
AT349317B (en) * 1975-09-22 1979-03-26 Ferro Technik Lindner Ges M B DISCONTINUOUSLY OPERATING PRESS
SE411181B (en) * 1978-05-02 1979-12-10 Electrolux Ab BALPRESS OR SIMILAR PRESS

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE946947C (en) * 1950-10-17 1956-08-09 Eugen Siempelkamp Hydraulic press, scissors or the like with two or more pressure cylinders acting on a movable press part

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PL1717015T3 (en) 2017-06-30
EP1717015A2 (en) 2006-11-02

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