EP1707345B1 - Abfallverdichtungseinheit - Google Patents

Abfallverdichtungseinheit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1707345B1
EP1707345B1 EP05013433.7A EP05013433A EP1707345B1 EP 1707345 B1 EP1707345 B1 EP 1707345B1 EP 05013433 A EP05013433 A EP 05013433A EP 1707345 B1 EP1707345 B1 EP 1707345B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
compacting
waste
chamber
unit
base
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EP05013433.7A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1707345A1 (de
Inventor
Marco Santandrea
Massimo Lombardi
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ATOP SpA
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ATOP SpA
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Priority to EP11171407A priority Critical patent/EP2368703A1/de
Publication of EP1707345A1 publication Critical patent/EP1707345A1/de
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/30—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for baling; Compression boxes therefor
    • B30B9/306—Mechanically-driven presses
    • B30B9/3064—Mechanically-driven presses by screw means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/08—Accessory tools, e.g. knives; Mountings therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/32—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for consolidating scrap metal or for compacting used cars
    • B30B9/321—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for consolidating scrap metal or for compacting used cars for consolidating empty containers, e.g. cans

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a waste compacting unit of many kinds, such as plastic, metal, glass containers, capable of shrinking the waste before their disposal and their collection by a public disposal centre, and of assisting a separate waste collection.
  • machines exist for solid waste treatment, such as plastic, metal, glass bottles or containers, capable of compacting the waste before disposal and collection by a public disposal centre so that the waste has a minimum encumbrance.
  • a waste compacting machine is described in WO2004106046 . It provides a compacting step of the waste arranged within plastic bags, and at the same time it can compact containers of glass, plastics and metal.
  • the compression of the waste arranged in a bin is carried out by a pantograph, which moves a piston and is operated by a carriage and by a cam. The piston enters the bin and compacts the waste in it present, sliding in a previously arranged shell, for preventing the waste containing plastic bags to be damaged.
  • Another type of waste compacting machine provides a frame having three apertures for introducing the waste.
  • means are provided for compacting plastic waste and metal waste, associated respectively to a first and a second aperture.
  • Means for crushing glass waste is provided adjacent to a compacting means and are associated to the third aperture.
  • At least one open bin is provided, arranged below a compacting and crushing means, where the crushed waste and the compacted waste are respectively collected.
  • a compacting means comprise a movable support frame on which two compacting plates are mounted that can slide with respect to each other within a couple of cylinders with axes parallel to each other.
  • the first cylinder is suitable for receiving plastic waste and the second cylinder is suitable for receiving metal waste.
  • a further technical problem of the apparatus of prior art is that they can treat single species of waste.
  • most of the known waste treating apparatus are capable to process a single kind of waste, without assisting completely a separate waste collection, i.e. their sorted collection in different containers.
  • the document DE-C-10130006 discloses a waste compacting unit in accordance with the preamble of claim 1.
  • said compacting means divide said compacting chamber into two parts in each of which said waste to compact can be put.
  • the waste compacting means provides a compacting plate mounted on a carriage reciprocating along said working direction.
  • the piercing means comprise a plurality of piercing elements suitable for cutting the waste during a compacting step operated by a compacting means, to assist the exit of air. This way an effective compacting action is obtained.
  • the piercing elements can be connected to side walls of a compacting chamber.
  • the piercing elements can be integrated to a compacting step plate.
  • the motor driven means can provide a bi-directional motor operatively connected to the carriage through transmission means.
  • the motor driven means are associated to a control circuit suitable for repeating for a predetermined number of times the last portion of a compacting stroke.
  • the waste is compacted by a compacting means according to a reciprocation towards/away from the resiliently yieldable wall for several times, for example three.
  • This avoids a possible resilient memory recovery of the material also in case of particularly resistant material.
  • the repetition of several compacting actions allows a better expulsion of any air trapped in, as well as air recalled by the resilient memory after a first compacting action.
  • the waste changes slightly the position with respect to the piercing means, and the latter would pierce the material again in slightly different points, in order to further assist the compacting step.
  • the transmission means provides a worm screw suitable for causing the rotation of a plurality of pulleys associated to transmission belts.
  • the shaft of the motor rotates in one direction, it causes the rotation in one sense of the pulleys that belong to a same kinematical chain, and then the motion of the carriage in that sense, whereas when the speed of the shaft of the motor is inverted the carriage proceeds in the opposite direction.
  • the base is divided into two portions that can move independently between a supporting position and a releasing position.
  • a compacting chamber has means for extracting the compacted waste by the piercing elements.
  • the interposition plate translates towards the side walls by the force exerted on it by the material being compacted, thus loading the resilient means and uncovering progressively the piercing elements.
  • the resilient means cause the interposition plate to move away from the side wall back to the starting position and at the same time withdrawing gradually the part of the piercing elements that protrudes from the interposition plate. This way, the extraction is obtained from the piercing elements of the material already compacted, that can freely fall down in the waste collecting bin.
  • each of said two portions of the base has engaging/releasing means suitable for keeping the relative portion in the supporting position or for allowing the arrangement in the releasing position.
  • the compacting unit as above described may be integrated to an organic waste grinding unit within a piece of furniture for kitchen units. This way it is possible to carry out a separate waste collection that according to the kind of waste is sent to either unit for being processed.
  • the piece of furniture for kitchen units can comprise in addition to the compacting unit also an organic waste grinding unit comprising:
  • the or each knife is mounted on the boundary of a drum capable of rotating about its own longitudinal axis.
  • a modular element for kitchen units comprises a compacting unit, said modular element comprising a piece of furniture having a height, depth and width of standard size for kitchen units.
  • an organic waste grinding unit is provided associated to said compacting unit and integrated in said piece of furniture.
  • a waste compacting unit 1 provides a compacting chamber 3 in which the waste 30 to dispose of is put, such as bottles and containers of various type of glass, plastics or metal, for reducing its volume and assisting its following disposal in public collecting centres.
  • the waste is put into chamber 3 through a first inlet 103a or a second inlet 103b, shown in a top plan view of figure 4 , according to the kind of the material to treat in order to assist a separate waste collection.
  • a compacting plate 2 is mounted sliding along a working direction 100 by means of a carriage 20.
  • Compacting plate 2 divides compacting chamber 3 into two parts 3a and 3b that are accessible when the machine is turned off for disposing the waste of, through the respective inlets 103a and 103b.
  • plate 2 can act along the above described working direction 100 both in one direction 101 and in an opposite direction 102 ( figure 4 ).
  • This is allowed according to the invention by the transmission mechanism of carriage 20 and then of compacting plate 2.
  • the mechanism of transmission of the movement provides a bidirectional motor 50 that operates a worm screw 55. According to the speed of rotating shaft 51 of motor 50, worm screw 55 moves in one direction ( figure 5 ), or in the opposite direction ( figure 6 ), causing the pulley 11 that engages with it to rotate in the corresponding direction.
  • a belt 15 connects pulley 11 to a plurality of other pulleys 12, 13 and 14 that transmit the movement to carriage 20 by rotating shaft 23.
  • piercing elements 5 are provided connected to side walls 6.
  • piercing elements 5 pierce its surface obtaining a corresponding number of holes 31, that assist the exit of air contained inside during a compacting step ( figure 3 ). This way, the waste is compacted easily and at the same time an explosion of the container is avoided, owing to the air trapped by a stopper 32, avoiding to damage the machine.
  • the motor 50 can be associated to a control circuit, not shown in the figures, suitable for repeating for a predetermined number of times the last portion of the stroke of compacting plate 2 during a waste compacting step.
  • a qualitative diagram is given of the position (x) of plate 2 versus time (t), under this repetition procedure of the compacting step. More in detail, starting from a starting position x 0 , at time t 0 , plate 2 approaches side wall 6 of chamber 3, and compacts a first time the waste, as shown graphically by coordinates (x1, t1). Then plate 2 withdraws and reaches position x 2 , at time t 2 .
  • the base of chamber 3 is associated to means that cause its opening/closing in synchronism with the compacting step. This is obtained by operating the opening/closing mechanism directly by carriage 20, as shown in particular in figures 7 and 8 .
  • the base of compacting chamber 3 is provided divided into two portions 4a and 4b which can be operated independently.
  • the portion 4a of base is in a supporting position to prevent an access to bin 35a ( figure 7 ).
  • the portion 4a of the base rotates about a hinge 14a and reaches a releasing position in order to cause the waste 30 already compacted to reach bin 35a ( figure 8 ).
  • an interposition plate 7 is provided capable of translating, biased by resilient means 8, towards/away from side walls 6, which are equipped with piercing elements 5. More in detail, during a compacting step of the waste ( figure 9C ), interposition plate 7 of compacting chamber 3b translates progressively towards side walls 6, owing to the force exerted by the waste 30 being compacted, thus loading resilient means 8. At the end of a compacting step, resilient means 8 cause the interposition plate 7 to move away from the relative side wall 6 in a withdrawn position ( figure 9D ). This way, the extraction is obtained from piercing elements 5 of the already compacted waste 30 that can then fall down in the waste collecting bin ( figure 9E ).
  • the base of compacting chamber 3 provides two separate portions 4a and 4b, these comprise independent engaging/releasing means 40-41.
  • the engaging/releasing means provides a protruding side 40 integral to the relative base portion suitable for engaging/releasing in/from a groove 41 executed in the interposition plate 7 of compacting chamber 3.
  • the protruding side 40 leaves groove 41 and allows base to move to the releasing position.
  • pieces of waste 30 can be put in the two portions 3a and 3b before starting the machine.
  • the piece of waste arranged in portion 3b of the compacting chamber is processed, the piece of waste 30' arranged in portion 3a is supported by base 4a, awaiting to be compacted in turn.
  • the compacting unit 1 above described can be integrated within a piece of furniture for kitchen units 150 having a size (depth and width) for example of 30 ⁇ 60, 45 ⁇ 60 cm, etc. ( figure 11 ).
  • compacting unit 1 may be coupled, within a piece of furniture for kitchen units 200, sized as a standard module, to an organic waste grinding unit 10 ( figures 10A, 10B and 12 ).
  • an organic waste grinding unit 10 figures 10A, 10B and 12 .
  • waste sorting means 120, 121 and 130 comprise a sieve 121 movable between a first position, where it allows the percolation of only the waste liquid fraction, and a second position, where it allows the passage also of the waste solid fraction.
  • the sieve 121 is operatively connected by a rod 120 to a control valve 130, arranged downstream of a grinding chamber 110, in order to synchronize its movements.
  • the second step of the organic waste treatment provides the arrangement of sieve 121 in the second position, in order to cause the solid fraction of the processed waste to reach grinding chamber 110 where a fine grinding is made by knives 115, which are arranged on the boundary of a rotating drum 111 and cooperate with a stationary knife 116 connected to the wall of chamber 110, in order to provide a substantially "comb-shaped" structure.

Claims (11)

  1. Abfallverdichtungseinheit (1), umfassend:
    - mindestens einen Einlass (103a, 103b) zum Einführen eines zu behandelnden Abfalls (30);
    - eine Verdichtungskammer (3);
    - Abfallverdichtungsmittel (2), die in besagter Verdichtungskammer (3) wirken, wobei besagtes Abfallverdichtungsmittel auf einer Beförderungsvorrichtung (20) montiert ist;
    - eine elastisch verformbare Wand, umfassend eine Zwischenpositionsplatte (7), die in besagter Verdichtungskammer (3) angeordnet ist, wobei besagtes Abfallverdichtungsmittel (2) so angeordnet ist, dass es besagten Abfall (30) gegen die elastisch verformbare Wand, die eine Zwischenpositionsplatte (7) umfasst, verdichten kann;
    - Motorgetriebenes Mittel (22,59), derart angeordnet, dass es eine Bewegung des Abfallverdichtungsmittels (2) und der Beförderungsvorrichtung (20) entlang einer Arbeitsrichtung (100) verursacht;
    - Stechmittel (5), das in besagter Verdichtungskammer (3) bereitgestellt ist und derart angeordnet ist, dass es mit besagtem Verdichtungsmittel (2) zusammenwirkt, so dass eine Volumenreduktion des besagten Abfalls (30) erreicht wird, wobei besagtes Stechmittel (5) eine Vielzahl Stechelemente umfasst, die derart angeordnet sind, dass sie besagten Abfall (30) während eines Verdichtungsschrittes, der durch gesagtes Abfallverdichtungsmittel (2) durchgeführt wird, stechen können;
    - Mittel zur Entfernung des verdichteten Abfalls von besagten Stechelementen (5), wobei das Mittel zur Entfernung in besagter Verdichtungskammer (3) bereitgestellt ist;
    - mindestens einen Abfallsammelbehälter zur Sammlung verdichteten Abfalls (35a,35b), der unter besagter Verdichtungskammer (3) angeordnet ist, wobei besagte Verdichtungskammer (3) eine Basis (4a,4b) umfasst, die mindestens einen Abschnitt umfasst, der bewegbar ist zwischen einer Stützposition, wo die Basis (4a,4b) geschlossen ist und einen Zugang zu besagtem Abfallsammelbehälter (35a,35b) verhindert, und einer Löseposition, wo die Basis (4a,4b) offen ist einen Zugang zu besagtem Abfallsammelbehälter (35a,35b) zulässt;
    - wobei
    besagtes Mittel zur Entfernung die Zwischenpositionsplatte (7), die zwischen einer Seitenwand (6) und einem entsprechenden Abschnitt besagter Verdichtungskammer (3) positioniert ist, umfasst, wobei besagte Zwischenpositionsplatte (7) mit Öffnungen zur Durchquerung durch besagte Stechelemente (5) versehen ist, und, vorgespannt durch elastische Mittel, zur Verschiebung zu/gegen die Seitenwände (6) angepasst ist um besagte Stechelemente (5) auf- resp. zuzudecken;
    besagte Abfallversdichtungseinheit dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    jeder Abschnitt der besagten Basis (4a,4b) Andock-/Lösemittel umfasst, die derart angeordnet sind, um jeden Abschnitt besagter Basis (4a,4b) in der Stützposition beziehungsweise in der Löseposition zu halten, wobei besagte Andock-/Lösemittel mindestens eine vorstehende, integral zur Basis (4a,4b) ausgebildete Seitenwand (40) umfassen,
    die dazu geeignet ist, in eine/aus einer Kerbe (41), die in besagter Zwischenpositionsplatte (7) eingebracht ist, anzudocken/zu lösen; und dass die Bewegung besagter Basis (4a,4b) zwischen besagter Stützposition und besagter Löseposition direkt durch besagtes Beförderungsmittel durchgeführt wird.
  2. Verdichtungseinheit nach Anspruch 1, wobei besagtes Abfallverdichtungsmittel (2) besagte Verdichtungskammer in zwei Abschnitte (3a,3b) aufteilt, in beide besagter Abfall (30) zum Verdichten eingebracht werden kann.
  3. Verdichtungseinheit nach Anspruch 1, wobei besagtes Abfallverdichtungsmittel eine Verdichtungsplatte bereitstellt, die auf besagter Beförderungsvorrichtung (20) montiert ist und entlang besagter Arbeitsrichtung (100) hin- und her bewegt.
  4. Verdichtungseinheit nach Anspruch 1, wobei besagte Stechelemente aus der Gruppe ausgewählt sind, die umfasst:
    - Elemente, die verbunden sind mit Stützwänden (6), die lateral in besagter Verdichtungskammer (3) angeordnet sind;
    - Elemente die mit besagter Verdichtungsplatte (2) verbunden sind.
  5. Verdichtungseinheit nach Anspruch 1, wobei besagtes motorgetriebenes Mittel einen bi-direktionalen Motor (50) bereitstellt, der durch ein Übertragungsmittel operativ mit besagter Beförderungsvorrichtung (20) verbunden ist, wobei das Übertragungsmittel insbesondere eine Schnecke (55) bereitstellt, die geeignet ist, die Drehung einer Vielzahl von Rollen (11, 12, 13, 14) zu bewirken, die durch einen Antriebsriemen miteinander verbunden sind.
  6. Verdichtungseinheit nach Anspruch 1, wobei besagte Basis (4a, 4b) in zwei Abschnitte (4a, 4b) unterteilt ist, die sich unabhängig voneinander zwischen besagter Stützposition und besagter Löseposition bewegen können.
  7. Verdichtungseinheit nach Anspruch 1, wobei die motorgetriebenen Mittel einer Steuerschaltung zugeordnet sind, die geeignet ist, den letzten Abschnitt eines Verdichtungsschritts besagter Verdichtungsmittels für eine vorbestimmte Anzahl von Malen zu wiederholen.
  8. Element für Kücheneinheiten, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es eine Verdichtungseinheit nach den vorhergehenden Ansprüchen und/oder eine Mahleinheit für organischen Abfall umfasst.
  9. Element für Kücheneinheiten nach Anspruch 8, wobei die Mahleinheit umfasst:
    - einen Einlass zum Einführen des zu behandelnden Abfalls;
    - eine Mahlkammer, die mit einem Mahlmittel für den aus besagtem Einlass kommenden Abfall ausgestattet ist;
    - einen Auslass für flüssige Rückstände, die aus besagtem Abfall durch besagte Kammer sickern;
    - ein Abfallsammelbehältnis zum Sammeln der in besagter Kammer gemahlenen Abfälle;
    - Strömungssortiermittel, das geeignet ist, um selektiv zu bewirken, dass die flüssigen Rückstände des besagten Abfalls in Richtung des Auslasses gelangen, oder auch einen festen Teil; wobei das Element für Kücheneinheiten dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass das Mahlmittel zumindest ein Messer umfasst, das sich um eine Achse dreht, die geeignet ist, mit einem stationären Messer zusammenzuwirken, das mit der Wand der Mahlkammer verbunden ist, um den aus dem Einlass kommenden Abfall zu mahlen.
  10. Element für Kücheneinheiten nach Anspruch 9, wobei besagtes oder jedes Messer an der Grenze einer Trommel montiert ist, die sich um ihre eigene Längsachse drehen kann.
  11. Element für Kücheneinheiten nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es ein modulares Element ist, das ein Möbelstück mit einer Höhe, Tiefe und Breite von Standardgröße für Kücheneinheiten umfasst.
EP05013433.7A 2005-03-29 2005-06-22 Abfallverdichtungseinheit Active EP1707345B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11171407A EP2368703A1 (de) 2005-03-29 2005-06-22 Abfallverdichtungseinheit

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000034A ITPI20050034A1 (it) 2005-03-29 2005-03-29 Unita' di compattazione dei rifiuti

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11171407A Division-Into EP2368703A1 (de) 2005-03-29 2005-06-22 Abfallverdichtungseinheit

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EP1707345A1 EP1707345A1 (de) 2006-10-04
EP1707345B1 true EP1707345B1 (de) 2019-06-19

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EP11171407A Withdrawn EP2368703A1 (de) 2005-03-29 2005-06-22 Abfallverdichtungseinheit

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IT1391828B1 (it) * 2008-09-25 2012-01-27 Texa S R L Apparecchiatura per la compattazione dei rifiuti con caricamento agevolato
IT1393172B1 (it) * 2009-02-17 2012-04-11 Ceccarelli Apparato per la compattazione di contenitori metallici
IT1392751B1 (it) * 2009-04-16 2012-03-16 Trevisan Pressa compattatrice
IT1394091B1 (it) * 2009-05-04 2012-05-25 Lombardi Unità di compattazione dei rifiuti
ITPS20090013A1 (it) * 2009-05-22 2010-11-23 Bruna Cimarossa Schiacciabottiglie elettrico "ananke"
FR2966449A1 (fr) * 2010-10-20 2012-04-27 Plastic Omnium Cie Compacteur de dechets favorisant l'ejection des dechets
FR2966448A1 (fr) * 2010-10-20 2012-04-27 Plastic Omnium Cie Compacteur de dechets economique
GB201018919D0 (en) 2010-11-09 2010-12-22 Krushr Plc Household waste recycling
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FR3034039A1 (fr) * 2015-03-27 2016-09-30 Ara Inc Dispositif de compression d'emballage ameliore, plan de travail et meuble le comprenant
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ITPI20050034A1 (it) 2006-09-30
EP2368703A1 (de) 2011-09-28
EP1707345A1 (de) 2006-10-04

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