EP1702090A1 - Installation de depot de zinc ou d'alliages de zinc - Google Patents
Installation de depot de zinc ou d'alliages de zincInfo
- Publication number
- EP1702090A1 EP1702090A1 EP04816453A EP04816453A EP1702090A1 EP 1702090 A1 EP1702090 A1 EP 1702090A1 EP 04816453 A EP04816453 A EP 04816453A EP 04816453 A EP04816453 A EP 04816453A EP 1702090 A1 EP1702090 A1 EP 1702090A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- zinc
- anode
- installation according
- nickel
- metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D17/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic coating
- C25D17/02—Tanks; Installations therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D17/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic coating
- C25D17/10—Electrodes, e.g. composition, counter electrode
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/56—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys
- C25D3/565—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys containing more than 50% by weight of zinc
Definitions
- Patent Application WO 01/96631 of the inventors William Eckles and Robert Frischholz of Taskem INC. discloses a method for the electrolytic deposition of alkaline zinc-nickel using a perfluorinated cation exchange membrane.
- a cation exchange membrane only allows one-way ions to pass from the anolyte to the catholyte under the effect of the electric field. Only cations, along with their solvating water, can migrate to the catholyte. On the contrary, the anions present in the catholyte can not migrate towards the anolyte. These membranes are fragile and particularly expensive.
- WO 01/96631 also generates the accumulation in the catholyte of undesirable anions such as sulphates, carbonates and hydroxyl ions.
- the sulphates come from the nickel bath feed by nickel sulphate and the carbonates are caused by the soda absorption of ambient carbon dioxide.
- the hydroxyl ions come from the water reduction reaction caused mainly by the lack of faradic efficiency at the cathode of the zinc or zinc zinc deposit.
- the cutting operation consists of removing a fraction of the bath (about 10 to 20%) and renewing with new electrolyte (containing the concentration optimal hydroxyl ion). These steps are expensive in investment and energy.
- the present invention overcomes these disadvantages. It helps maintain productivity over time. Thanks to the transfer of the anions to the anolyte, it makes it possible to reduce the frequency of the decarbonation and desulfation operations. In addition, it is no longer necessary to cut the baths due to excess salinity.
- the invention therefore relates to an installation for depositing zinc or zinc alloys greater than 70% zinc by weight with at least one other metal selected from iron, cobalt, nickel and manganese on a part comprising a) a tank subdivided by an electrically nonconductive separator into a cathode compartment and an anode compartment, b) the part being immersed in an aqueous catholyte of alkaline pH contained in the cathode compartment and comprising zincate ions and , optionally, ions of at least one other metal than zinc, and c) an aqueous anolyte, of alkaline pH, contained in the anode compartment and surrounding an anode insoluble in the anolyte, characterized in that d) the separator is of open-pore material.
- Open pores or open porosity means all the pores communicating with the surface of the material.
- An open-pore material such as polytetrafluoroethylene or a polyolefin, preferably polypropylene, but also polyethylene or a porous ceramic, are much less expensive water-permeable materials than much stronger ion-exchange membranes, with the proviso that materials preferably resistant to alkaline pH will be selected.
- the separator is in a material with open pores, it does not, however, unexpectedly, a passage of the other more valuable metal than zinc and especially nickel in the anolyte, but anions including sulfates , carbonates and hydroxyls, sulphate from nickel sulphate added to the catholyte, carbonate from carbonation of sodium hydroxide by air, and hydroxyl ions from the water reduction reaction at the cathode caused mainly by the lack of faradic efficiency at the cathode of the deposit of zinc or of alloyed zinc, which hitherto accumulated in the catholyte, passes into the anolyte. Due to the absence of accumulation of migration products from the anolyte to the catholyte, the productivity is thus maintained over time.
- the productivity is thus maintained over time.
- the anode compartment communicates with a desulfator which may be a cold trap causing crystallization of the sulphates or in which a sulphate precipitating agent such as a barium salt may be added. It is then sufficient to return the anolyte thus treated to the anode compartment. It can be considered that the anode compartment has become "the trash" of the installation.
- Figure No. 1 illustrates the transfers of the different species compared through a cation exchange membrane and the porous separator as described in the invention.
- a separator according to the invention passes the following tests: 1.
- the average pore diameter must be between 10 nm and 50 ⁇ m and preferably between 10 nm and 5 ⁇ m.
- the average pore diameter is determined by mercury porosimetry using a Micromeritics 9310 type apparatus, according to the principle defined in point 3. 2.
- the separator It is immersed in a tank containing an aqueous solution of NaOH at 120 g / L the separator to be tested so that it delimits two compartments in the vat, 20 ml / l of a 8% by weight nickel violet solution comprising, by weight, are poured into one of them: - 36 , 2% nickel sulphate hexahydrate, - 15% tetrathylenepentamine, - the balance to 100% water. If, one day later, the solution in the compartment which has not received the solution colored violet, is not colored violet, the separator is suitable. 3.
- the porosity of the material will be chosen so as to allow the good electrical conductance of the whole. For this we use the assembly described in Figure No. 2.
- a non-equipped assembly separator comprising a pure nickel anode identified (1) and a steel cathode identified (2).
- the assembly is immersed in an electrolytic bath (3) whose composition is defined in paragraph 2 above.
- a current density of 2 A / dm 2 is applied between the anode and the cathode, the voltage across the rectifier is measured: either x (in Volts) this voltage.
- the anode will be isolated in an anode compartment (5) filled with a 140 g / L solution of NaOH equipped with a porous separator (4) as described in the invention.
- a current density of 2A / dm 2 is applied between the anode and the cathode, the voltage measured at the terminals must be less than x + 5 Volts. The separator then tested is suitable.
- This test consists of measuring the pore diameter as well as the open porosity of the ceramic by increasing pressure mercury intrusion of 0.0048 to 205.885 MPa into the sample and recording the volume of mercury that has entered the pores.
- the diameter of the explored pores is between 300 ⁇ m and 0.006 ⁇ m.
- the open porosity of the material should then be between 10 and 60% and preferably between 20 and 50% and very preferably between 30 and 40%.
- the anode compartment communicates with an alkali metal persulfate reservoir.
- the sodium or potassium persulfate anolyte it is possible to destroy the cyanides which may form if the catholyte comprises a complexing agent for a metal, in particular in the form of a polyalkylamine.
- the pH of the anolyte is alkaline is greater than 12, although in some cases it may be in particular between 8 and 12.
- the invention is an installation for the electrolytic treatment of zinc and zinc alloy on a piece steel or iron alloy.
- the system can be applied with alkaline electrolytes having a pH greater than 12.
- the deposition bath may contain zinc ions and organic additives.
- the steel or iron alloy part is placed in a cathode.
- An "Anodic Assembly" is in contact with the bath.
- "Anodic Mounting” may include an anolyte, an anode-insoluble metal anode, and a container whose wall in contact with the catholyte consists of a porous vessel or porous membrane.
- Organic additives may be able to be destroyed by electrolytic oxidation in contact with the anode.
- “Anodic Mounting” can prevent the electrolytic decomposition of organic additives.
- the "Anodic Assembly” must contain a conductive liquid called anolyte.
- the "Anodic Assembly" is composed on the outside of a porous vase or a porous membrane.
- the anolyte is then contained in the volume released by the porous vessel or the porous membrane.
- the insoluble metal used in the anode can be immersed in the anolyte.
- the electrolytic bath may comprise different metal ions that can be electrolytically deposited on the steel part with the zinc ions.
- the ions of the additional metals may include nickel, manganese, iron, cobalt ions and all combinations of these metals.
- organic additives can be potentially oxidized in contact with the anode. The decomposition of organic additives forms byproducts factors of decrease of cathodic efficiency.
- the anode can be any metal or metalloid that can serve as an anode in a caustic solution.
- the anolyte may be soda or potash in solution.
- the tank can be made of any organic plastic resistant to electrolytic bath and anolyte, for example polypropylene, and non-electrically conductive.
- the porous vase or the porous membrane of the "Anodic Assembly" may be any porous membrane of mineral or organic composition provided that it chemically resists the alkalinity of the two anode compartments and cathodes, and this for temperatures up to 60 ° C. Its texture must be permeable to water.
- the methods for obtaining its porous walls are numerous. Non-exhaustive examples are: woven, sintered or expanded membranes.
- the pore diameter is between 10 nm and 50 ⁇ m and preferably between 10 nm and 5 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the porous membrane or separator depends on the "anode assembly" used. In the case of FIGS. 4 and 5 below, the thickness is fine, between 0.1 and 2 mm thanks to the mechanical reinforcement of the supports. In the case of Figures 1, 2 and 3 below, the thickness will be very variable from 0.1 mm to 1 cm because the porous membrane may have no support.
- - Porous mineral membranes These are ceramics containing oxides of elements such as silicon, aluminum, titanium, zirconium or other components contained in natural clays. They can be prepared as follows. For example, use as a constituent material, a suspension of alumina combined with specific additives such as plasticizers, deflocculants.
- the resulting paste will be shaped by casting or extrusion and dried under controlled temperature and relative humidity conditions.
- the ceramic thus shaped undergoes a high temperature treatment of 1300 to 1500 ° C according to controlled temperature rise and fall conditions. They can be parallelepipedal or tubular as in the case of Figure 5. It is also possible to use cup-shaped materials, as shown in Figure 3 or flat elements, such as Figure 1 and 2.
- - Membranes porous organic Many plastics to resist in alkaline medium. For example PolyTetraFluoroEthylene (PTFE or Teflon Dupont), polyethylenes or polypropylenes, among the most common.
- the anolyte in the anode compartment may comprise a conductive salt or a base in solution such as an aqueous alkaline solution of potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide.
- alkaline solutions may have varying concentrations in the range of one mole up to 20 moles / L of hydroxide, with a preferred concentration of between 1 to 10 moles / L of hydroxide.
- the preferred anolyte may be a sodium hydroxide solution of between 50 and 760 g / l, and more preferably between 50 and 250 g / l.
- the "Anodic Mounting" anode may be made of a metal or metalloid capable of functioning as an anode in an electrolytic bath and must be stable in a caustic solution. "Stable in a caustic solution” means that the anode must not decompose, deteriorate or erode in the solution.
- metals may be used among nickel, cobalt, iron, chromium and their alloys. Such as for example steel and ferrous alloys. Other metals or metalloids can also be used provided that they are able to function as an anode and be stable in a caustic solution.
- the anode may be a solid metal or metalloid or a metal electrodeposited on a substrate.
- the anode may be nickel, nickel alloy or nickel deposited on a substrate.
- the substrate may be a metal such as steel, copper or aluminum or a plastic.
- An example of a nickel alloy is hastelloy which is composed of 55% nickel and 45% chromium.
- Nickel and nickel alloys can be electrodeposited on a substrate, using a Watts electroplating bath for nickel or alloys or deposited from a chemical nickel.
- the anode may be cobalt or cobalt electrodeposited on a substrate such as these alloys.
- the anode can also be mild steel, alloy steel, iron alloy or an iron-chromium alloy such as stainless steel.
- the construction material of the anode is not restrictive.
- electrolytic or electrochemical deposits can be used on the anode.
- Electrodeposited noble metals can be used on a metal substrate, for example platinum or iridescent titanium. Practical considerations such as cost and caustic solution stability will dictate the choice of material to be used for the anode.
- the electroplating bath may be an alkaline aqueous solution whose hydroxide salt content or alkali metal salt is between 50 and 250 g / l.
- hydroxides or alkali metal salts include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate.
- the bath is prepared by dissolving the alkaline compound in the aqueous solution.
- the electroplating bath may also include a controlled amount of zinc ions.
- the source of the zinc ions for the electroplating bath can be any soluble zinc salt in an alkaline medium.
- zinc compounds capable of being added to the electroplating bath zinc oxide or a soluble salt of zinc, such as zinc sulphate, zinc carbonate, zinc sulphamate and zinc acetate.
- the concentration of zinc ions in the electroplating bath may be from 1 to 100 g / L (1000 ppm to 100,000 ppm), preferably from 4 to 50 g / L (4000 to 50,000 ppm).
- the dominant zinc species in the bath is the zincate ion.
- the bath may also contain a controlled amount of metal ions that are not zinc ions.
- these additional metals may be any metal ion that can be effectively electrodeposited with zinc on a cathode part in an alkaline electroplating bath. Examples of such metal ions include transition metal ions such as nickel, manganese, iron, cobalt ions and combinations of these ions.
- non-listed metal ions that can be deposited with the zinc ions on the cathode in an alkaline electroplating bath can also be used and are included in the spirit of the invention.
- the additional metal ions may also be only nickel ions, the source for the nickel ions in the electroplating bath may be any nickel compound capable of being solubilized in aqueous complexing aqueous solution.
- nickel compounds are organic and inorganic nickel salts such as nickel sulphate, nickel carbonate, nickel acetate, nickel sulphamate and nickel formate.
- the concentration of nickel ions (or other metal) in the electroplating bath can be 0.1 to 50 g / l preferably in the range of 0.1 to 3 g / l.
- the metal ions can also include any metal ion.
- the electroplating bath may comprise, for example, a mixture of zinc ion and iron ion, a mixture of zinc ion, nickel ion and iron ion.
- the sources for these additional metal ions for the electroplating bath may be any metal compound that may be soluble in an aqueous alkaline solution.
- the concentration of the metal ions in the electroplating bath may be from about 0.1 to about 10 g / L (about 100 to 10,000 ppm), preferably in the range of 0.1 to 3 g / L (100 to 100 ppm). 3000 ppm).
- the electroplating bath may also contain in addition to zinc and additional metal ions, at least one additive commonly used in electroplating baths of zinc and zinc alloy, which improve the appearance of the deposit.
- These organic additives can be used to improve the physical properties of the electroplating and the complexing properties of the bath.
- the additive may be any type of organic product that may have an effect on the electrodeposition of zinc or its alloys.
- the additive potentially capable of decomposing electrolytically at the anode and producing a degradation product that will affect the electrolytic process. These degradation products can seriously affect the electrolytic process for example by inhibiting the deposition rate, producing a void or dull deposit, increasing the toxicity of the electrolytic bath or by precipitating insoluble species.
- organic additives in accordance with the invention will not be decomposed with the use of "Anodic Mounting".
- the "Anodic Mounting" of the invention prevents electrolytic decomposition by avoiding or minimizing contact of the organic additives at the anode.
- One of the organic additives potentially capable of being decomposed at the anode may comprise an amine.
- Amines are potentially oxidizable to cyanide in the vicinity of the anode.
- Examples of cyanide oxidizable amines include aliphatic amines derived from the polymerization of alkylenimines, such as polyethyleneimines having molecular weights between 100 and 100,000 g / mol and soluble in the bath.
- polyethylenimines having a molecular weight of from 150 to 2,000 g / mol can be used. These polyethylenimines are available under the trade name Lugalvan G15, G20, G35 from BASF.
- Other aliphatic amines may also be used, such as monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, ethylenediamine, tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA), pentaethylenenehexamine (PEHA), and hepatethyleneoctamine.
- TEPA tetraethylenepentamine
- PEHA pentaethylenenehexamine
- hepatethyleneoctamine One function of these aliphatic polyalkylamines is to complex the metal ions in the alkaline zinc bath. Their concentration can vary from 2 to 70 g / L.
- Another type of organic additives capable of being electrolytically decomposed at the anode is the reaction product of imidazole and an electrophilic monomer such as epichlorohydrin.
- organic additives that can be electrolytically decomposed at the anode are quaternary ammonium polymers, such as polymers derived from the synthesis of dichlorethyl ether on urea condensates on dimethylaminopropylamine, marketed under the name Mirapol WT by Rhodia. These molecules, in contact with the anode can degrade, decrease the rate of deposition and cause veiled deposits.
- Another type of additive capable of being electrolytically decomposed at the anode is the complexing agent such as gluconate or tartrate.
- organic additives can be oxidized at the anode and produce oxalate. It is obvious that one skilled in the art can use other organic additives in the electrolytic bath such as brighteners and metal complexing agents which may or may not electrolytically decompose at the anode.
- a known complexing agent is for example the Quadrol (THEED) of BASF. Ouadroi (THEED) is N, N, N ', N', -tetrakis (2-hydroxypropyl) ethylenediamine.
- the invention is essentially characterized by the continuous purification of the electrolysis bath.
- the concentration of anions such as sulphates, carbonates and hydroxyls increases in the baths of zinc or zinc alloy because of the carbonation of the alkaline medium but also by the salt maintenance of the metals to be electrolyzed, and because of the water reduction reaction at the cathode caused mainly by the lack of faradic efficiency at the cathode of the deposit of zinc or zinc alloy. It is customary to consider as troublesome and penalizing for the yield and the appearance, the total salt concentrations expressed above 190 g / L of their sodium salts (for example Na 2 CO 3 and Na 2 SO 4 ). Likewise, a concentration greater than 150 g / l of sodium hydroxide leads to the degradation of the organic products and to the defects which penalize the yield and the appearance.
- the anions are attracted to the anode and concentrated in the anode compartment.
- Their extraction can then be done continuously or by bath fraction. Examples of extraction include cold precipitation between 3 ° C and 6 ° C or precipitation by addition of an insolubilizing cation such as barium.
- insolubilizing cation such as barium.
- the anolyte can accidentally be loaded with organic compounds. These compounds can oxidize at the anode and accumulate in the anolyte.
- Their in situ treatment can be done by regular maintenance of an oxidizing solution such as sodium persulfate. In the case of oxidation to cyanide, persulfate destroys the cyanide generated at the anode.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an electrolytic zinc nickel bath with an installation according to the invention.
- Figure 1 illustrates an electrolytic equipment in accordance with one aspect of the invention.
- the electrolytic equipment comprises a tank 14.
- the tank 14 contains an electrolytic bath 16 and a cathode piece 18.
- the tank 14 also comprises an "Anodic Mounting" 20.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of an anode assembled in its "Anodic Editing".
- the "Anodic Assembly" represents a container 22 which defines a compartment for the anode compartment 24.
- the anode compartment 24 can be closed by the container 22 on all sides and in the bottom. At least one wall 26 of the container 22 may be a porous membrane or a porous vase. The anode compartment 24 contains an anolyte 28. An anode 30 can be immersed in the anolyte 28.
- FIG. 1 shows that the container 22 isolates the anode 30 from contact with the electrolytic bath 16.
- the porous vase or the porous membrane 26 can be used to face the cathode part 18. This allows the passage of an electric current between the anode 30 and the cathode part 18, by the application of an electrical potential between the anode 30 and the cathode part 18. The amount of residual electrolytic current induced, causes electrolytic deposition on the cathode part 18.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of "Anodic Mounting" in an electrolytic processing tank. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the container 22 and the anode compartment 24 of Figure 2 may have several different configurations.
- a container 42 may be a foldable bag 44 suspended in the catholyte 46 of the tank 48. least a portion of the bag 44 or preferably all the bag 44 itself may be a porous membrane.
- a cathode piece 52 is disposed in the catholyte 46.
- a metal anode 54 is disposed in the anolyte 56 which is contained in the bag 44.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of an "Anodic Mounting" in agreement with another aspect of the invention.
- a container 60 may comprise a wall 62 common to the tank 64 and consist of a porous membrane 70.
- a cathode piece 72 is disposed in the catholyte 74 and a metal anode 76 is disposed in the anolyte 78.
- Figures 5A and 5B are a schematic illustration of an "Anodic Mounting" in accordance with yet another aspect of the invention. Another aspect of the invention has been described in FIG. 5.
- a container 80 may comprise a cylinder 82.
- the cylinder 82 may be composed of a cap 84 and a cylinder body 86.
- the cylinder 82 may be positioned in the catholyte 88 contained in the tank 90.
- At least a portion of the cylinder 86 and preferably the entire cylinder body may be a porous vessel or a porous membrane.
- the plug 84 may include a connection to the anolyte 94 for the inlet and a connection of the anolyte 96 to the outlet.
- the connections 94 and 96 allow the anolyte to circulate in the container 80.
- An anode 98 is disposed in the container 80 and is connected to the outside.
- a cathode piece 100 is disposed in the catholyte 88.
- the cathode part can be any piece of steel or ferrous alloy, typically used in electroplating. In the example of FIGS.
- FIG. 5B further shows that an outlet pipe 102 of the anode compartment leads to a bottom buffer tank 104 from which a conduit 106 flows to a cryogenic desulfator 108 from the top of which a conduit 110 returns to the buffer vessel 104.
- a conduit 112 with a pump 114 which returns anolyte which has been treated in the desulfator 108, is fed to an inlet pipe 116 into the anode compartment.
- a reservoir 118 of sodium persulfate makes it possible, through an automatic feed 120, to add sodium persulfate to the tank 104 buffer being understood that one could also add this sodium persulfate directly into the anode compartment.
- Example 1 The vessel is made of polypropylene.
- TEPA tetraethylenepentamine
- TEEED Quadrol
- porous membrane on one side containing 500 ml of a 150 g / L solution of sodium hydroxide was placed in the zinc nickel bath.
- the porous membrane used in PTFE is marketed by Mortelecque under the name TC 110.
- This porous membrane is made of PTFE and is therefore resistant in an alkaline medium.
- This porous PTFE membrane has a mean pore diameter of 5 ⁇ m.
- the porous PTFE membrane is immersed in a tank containing an aqueous solution of NaOH at 120 g / l so that it delimits two compartments in the cell, 20 ml / l of which is poured into one of them.
- a solution colored in violet at 8% by weight nickel comprising by weight: - 36.2% o nickel sulfate hexahydrate - 1 5% tetraethylene pentamine - the balance at 100% o water.
- Example 2 The tank is made of polypropylene.
- An aqueous bath of 8000 L of zinc-nickel containing 120 g / L of sodium hydroxide (alkaline) containing 10 g / l of zinc, 1.5 g / l of nickel, 20 g / l of tetrehylenepentamine (TEPA), 2 g / L of Quadrol (THEED) is constituted.
- An anode assembly consisting of 60 elements as described in Figure 5A is placed in the bath. All of these elements are filled with a 150 g / L sodium hydroxide solution from a buffer tank equipped with a pump.
- a metal anode made of stainless steel is immersed in each anode compartment.
- the separator is a ceramic that satisfies the following criteria: - The ceramic is resistant in alkaline medium. - The average diameter of the pores is equal to 1, 5 microns.
- the ceramic is immersed in a tank containing an aqueous solution of NaOH at 120 g / l. One of the two compartments thus delimited is poured into 20 ml / l of a 8% by weight nickel violet solution comprising, by weight, 36.2% of nickel sulphate hexahydrate and 15% of tetraethylenepentamine. 100% water balance
- the bath thus described is electrolyzed during 1 000 000 Ah During this electrolysis, the sulfate content in the bath increased from 2 to 15 g / L, the carbonate content increased from 0 to 8 g / L and the concentration in soda remained at 105 g / L.
- the cathodic efficiency of the bath remained constant at a value of 80% at 1 A / dm 2 .
- the appearance of the deposit on the pieces is constant, namely glossy and without sails. Productivity has been maintained.
- Example 3 (comparative): The assembly described in Example 2 was reproduced identically but this time the ceramic was replaced by a perfluorinated cation exchange membrane provided by the Dupont company under the reference National 424.
- the bath is electrolysis during 1,000,000 Ah.
- the sulfate content in the bath increased from 2 g / L to 25 g / L
- the carbonate content increased from 0 to 30 g / L
- the sodium content increased from 115 to 160 g / L.
- the cathodic efficiency of the bath decreased from 80% to 60% at 1 A / dm 2 .
- the appearance of the deposit on the parts has deteriorated, it became matt and veiled. Productivity has fallen.
- Example 4 In this example, the "Anodic Assembly" was filled with a solution of 150 g / L of sodium hydroxide in water.
- the anodic metal is composed of metallic nickel.
- a cell identical to that of Example 1 worked at 5 A for 6 hours.
- the nickel anode had a thin conductive layer of nickel oxide and nickel hydroxide which did not interfere with the electrolytic process. There was no weight loss at the anode.
- the cathodic efficiency of the bath was maintained at a value of 80% at 1 A / dm 2.
- Example 5 The "Anodic Assembly" of Example 1 was filled with a solution containing 20% by weight of liquid caustic soda. 50%.
- the metal anode consisted of an electrolytically nickel-plated steel plate from a Watts type bath, electrolysis at 5A for 90 hours was carried out at 7 V. With regular maintenance of nickel, zinc, sodium hydroxide and in organic additives consumed by electrolysis, the cathodic efficiency remained stable at 80% at 1 A / dm 2 . There was no weight loss at the anode.
- Example 6 (Comparative): A 2 L zinc nickel bath containing 30 g / L polyethylenimine (TEPA) was electrolyzed for 160 Ah, with a nickel anode directly in the bath.
- TEPA polyethylenimine
- Example 7 The "Anodic Assembly" of Example 1 was filled with a solution of 150 g / l of potash, the anode metal in the anolyte was mild steel. The bath which was used as in Example 1 was electrolysed at 5A for 6 hours. There was a slight loss of weight of the anode. After the analysis, no cyanide trace was detected.
- Example 8 The "Anodic Assembly" of Example 1 is filled with a solution of 150 g / l of sodium hydroxide. The metal of the anode is cobalt.
- the zinc nickel alkali bath contains 20 g / L polyethylenimine and is electrolyzed for 30 Ah. After 30 Ah, the cathodic efficiency remained stable at 60% at 2 A / dm 2 and there was no loss of weight at the anode.
- Example 9 An alkaline zinc bath without cyanide was prepared with 10 g / l of zinc, 130 g / l of sodium hydroxide, 8 ml / l of brightener and about 5 g / l of sodium tartrate. The electrolysis was conducted without "Anodic Mounting" with a simple mild steel anode. After 100 Ah per liter, a white precipitate formed in the bath. The precipitate is sodium oxalate produced by anodic oxidation.
- Example 10 A zinc-iron alloy bath containing 20 g / l of zinc, 300 ppm of iron and 130 g / l of sodium hydroxide and 50 g / l of triethanolamine (TEA) in order to complex the iron was electrolyzed during a period of 100 Ah / L.
- the anodic oxidation of the TEA causes degradation products that can interfere with the treatment of the bath discharges.
- an installation and a method are provided with which zinc and zinc alloy can be safely deposited on a substrate using an electrolytic bath containing in particular polyalkanimins. This can be accomplished without anodic corrosion and without generating anodic decomposition products in the cathodic side of the electrolytic treatment bath.
- An electrolytic bath comprising organic additives additional to the organic additives described above may be used.
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Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PL04816453T PL1702090T3 (pl) | 2003-12-31 | 2004-12-21 | Urządzenie do powlekania cynkiem lub stopami cynku |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0315595A FR2864553B1 (fr) | 2003-12-31 | 2003-12-31 | Installation de depot de zinc ou d'alliages de zinc |
| PCT/FR2004/003321 WO2005073438A1 (fr) | 2003-12-31 | 2004-12-21 | Installation de depot de zinc ou d’alliages de zinc |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1702090A1 true EP1702090A1 (fr) | 2006-09-20 |
| EP1702090B1 EP1702090B1 (fr) | 2007-09-26 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP04816453A Expired - Lifetime EP1702090B1 (fr) | 2003-12-31 | 2004-12-21 | Installation de depot de zinc ou d'alliages de zinc |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1702090B1 (fr) |
| AT (1) | ATE374267T1 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE602004009218T8 (fr) |
| DK (1) | DK1702090T3 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2290783T3 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2864553B1 (fr) |
| PL (1) | PL1702090T3 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2005073438A1 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2899299A1 (fr) | 2014-01-24 | 2015-07-29 | COVENTYA S.p.A. | Électrolyte au chrome trivalent et méthode de déposition du chrome métallique |
| RU2724765C1 (ru) * | 2017-02-07 | 2020-06-25 | Др.-Инж. Макс Шлёттер Гмбх Унд Ко. Кг | Способ гальванического осаждения покрытий из цинка и цинкового сплава из щелочной ванны для нанесения покрытия с пониженным разложением органических добавок в ванне |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7442286B2 (en) | 2004-02-26 | 2008-10-28 | Atotech Deutschland Gmbh | Articles with electroplated zinc-nickel ternary and higher alloys, electroplating baths, processes and systems for electroplating such alloys |
| ATE429528T1 (de) * | 2005-04-26 | 2009-05-15 | Atotech Deutschland Gmbh | Alkalisches galvanikbad mit einer filtrationsmembran |
| DE102007002321B4 (de) * | 2007-01-16 | 2018-07-05 | Volkswagen Ag | Schraubenfeder mit Korrosionsschutz |
| PL2384800T3 (pl) | 2010-05-07 | 2013-07-31 | Dr Ing Max Schloetter Gmbh & Co Kg | Regeneracja alkalicznych elektrolitów cynkowo-niklowych drogą usuwania jonów cynkowych |
| EP2784189A1 (fr) | 2013-03-28 | 2014-10-01 | Coventya SAS | Bain d'électrodéposition d'alliages zinc-fer, procédé de dépôt d'alliage zinc-fer sur un dispositif et ledit dispositif |
| ES2969188T3 (es) | 2017-06-14 | 2024-05-16 | Dr Ing Max Schloetter Gmbh & Co Kg | Procedimiento para la deposición galvánica de revestimientos de aleaciones de cinc-níquel a partir de un baño de aleación de cinc-níquel alcalino con degradación reducida de aditivos |
| EP3964609A1 (fr) | 2020-08-28 | 2022-03-09 | Coventya SAS | Produit électroplaqué et procédé de préparation de tels produits par traitement à haute température |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2037346A1 (en) * | 1970-07-23 | 1972-02-03 | Siemens Ag | Aluminium anodising cell - with dividing ceramic membrane formed by wall of separate inner vessel |
| GB2084191A (en) * | 1980-09-23 | 1982-04-07 | Vandervell Products Ltd | Electro-deposition of alloys |
| DE19834353C2 (de) * | 1998-07-30 | 2000-08-17 | Hillebrand Walter Gmbh & Co Kg | Alkalisches Zink-Nickelbad |
| ES2250166T5 (es) * | 2000-06-15 | 2016-05-20 | Coventya Inc | Electrochapado de zinc-níquel |
-
2003
- 2003-12-31 FR FR0315595A patent/FR2864553B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-12-21 PL PL04816453T patent/PL1702090T3/pl unknown
- 2004-12-21 DK DK04816453T patent/DK1702090T3/da active
- 2004-12-21 DE DE602004009218T patent/DE602004009218T8/de active Active
- 2004-12-21 AT AT04816453T patent/ATE374267T1/de active
- 2004-12-21 ES ES04816453T patent/ES2290783T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-12-21 WO PCT/FR2004/003321 patent/WO2005073438A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2004-12-21 EP EP04816453A patent/EP1702090B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2005073438A1 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2899299A1 (fr) | 2014-01-24 | 2015-07-29 | COVENTYA S.p.A. | Électrolyte au chrome trivalent et méthode de déposition du chrome métallique |
| US10619258B2 (en) | 2014-01-24 | 2020-04-14 | Coventya S.P.A. | Electroplating bath containing trivalent chromium and process for depositing chromium |
| US11905613B2 (en) | 2014-01-24 | 2024-02-20 | Coventya S.P.A. | Electroplating bath containing trivalent chromium and process for depositing chromium |
| RU2724765C1 (ru) * | 2017-02-07 | 2020-06-25 | Др.-Инж. Макс Шлёттер Гмбх Унд Ко. Кг | Способ гальванического осаждения покрытий из цинка и цинкового сплава из щелочной ванны для нанесения покрытия с пониженным разложением органических добавок в ванне |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2290783T3 (es) | 2008-02-16 |
| EP1702090B1 (fr) | 2007-09-26 |
| DE602004009218D1 (de) | 2007-11-08 |
| FR2864553A1 (fr) | 2005-07-01 |
| PL1702090T3 (pl) | 2008-02-29 |
| FR2864553B1 (fr) | 2006-09-01 |
| DE602004009218T2 (de) | 2008-06-26 |
| DK1702090T3 (da) | 2008-01-21 |
| ATE374267T1 (de) | 2007-10-15 |
| WO2005073438A1 (fr) | 2005-08-11 |
| DE602004009218T8 (de) | 2008-10-30 |
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