Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65C—LABELLING OR TAGGING MACHINES, APPARATUS, OR PROCESSES
  • B65C5/00—Labelling fabrics or comparable materials or articles with deformable surface, e.g. paper, fabric rolls, stockings, shoes
  • B65C5/02—Labelling fabrics or comparable materials or articles with deformable surface, e.g. paper, fabric rolls, stockings, shoes using adhesives
  • B65C5/04—Thermo-activatable adhesives
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
  • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
  • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
  • B31D—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B31B OR B31C
  • B31D1/00—Multiple-step processes for making flat articles ; Making flat articles
  • B31D1/02—Multiple-step processes for making flat articles ; Making flat articles the articles being labels or tags
  • B31D1/021—Making adhesive labels having a multilayered structure, e.g. provided on carrier webs
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
  • B31D—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B31B OR B31C
  • B31D1/00—Multiple-step processes for making flat articles ; Making flat articles
  • B31D1/02—Multiple-step processes for making flat articles ; Making flat articles the articles being labels or tags
  • B31D1/027—Multiple-step processes for making flat articles ; Making flat articles the articles being labels or tags involving, marking, printing or coding
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65C—LABELLING OR TAGGING MACHINES, APPARATUS, OR PROCESSES
  • B65C9/00—Details of labelling machines or apparatus
  • B65C9/20—Gluing the labels or articles
  • B65C9/24—Gluing the labels or articles by heat
  • B65C9/25—Gluing the labels or articles by heat by thermo-activating the glue
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65C—LABELLING OR TAGGING MACHINES, APPARATUS, OR PROCESSES
  • B65C9/00—Details of labelling machines or apparatus
  • B65C9/46—Applying date marks, code marks, or the like, to the label during labelling

Definitions

• the present invention relates to indicia-containing labels. More particularly, the present invention relates to heat transfer labels containing variable data, which labels are applied to articles to provide unique markings, methods of making the labels and methods of using the labels.
• Indicia and/or graphics-containing labels are in widespread use in most every industry.
• labels are used in the garment industry to mark articles of clothing to identify the manufacturer, the size of the garment, to provide laundry instructions, composition of the fabric, manufacturing location information and the like.
• the fixed data can include the manufacturer, manufacturing location and laundry instructions whereas the size of the garment and the composition of the fabric can be variable data.
• Another market that uses labels is the durable goods market.
• labels may be used on, for example, hand held power tools.
• Such labels may include both fixed data, e.g., manufacturer's name and manufacturing location, and variable data, e.g., model number, serial number, and power (voltage and ampere) requirements.
• variable data e.g., model number, serial number, and power (voltage and ampere) requirements.
• One drawback to the use of individually printed labels is that large inventories of completely finished pre-printed labels are needed at the manufacturing or packaging location. While this approach provides desirable information on an item-attached label, the large label inventory that is needed, in conjunction with the space necessary for storing such an inventory, makes this approach undesirable.
• individualized or customized labels are used, they are maintained in large quantities in inventory. This increases the likelihood of label obsolescence.
• variable data heat transfer label that provides the flexibility to locally print variable, e.g., changeable data, immediately prior to applying the label to the item.
• a label includes some manner of fixed data and a transparent window in which the variable data is printed and through which the data is viewed when the label is affixed to an object or item.
• a heat transfer label for application to an item includes a heat transferable substrate having a transparent window area.
• the substrate is carried on a carrier.
• the window area can be completely or partially transparent.
• a variable graphic component including printed indicia is printed on the window area.
• the variable graphic component is printed separate from and subsequent to the application of the substrate to the carrier, but prior to application of the heat transfer label to the item.
• Such a variable data heat transfer label provides the flexibility to locally print variable or changeable data immediately prior to applying the label to the item.
• a present label includes some manner of fixed data and a window area in which the variable data is printed, and through which the variable data is viewed after application to the item.
• a method for marking an item includes providing a carrier web, applying a heat transferable substrate having a transparent window area to the carrier web to form an elongated coated web, printing a variable graphic component on the window area, printed separate from the step of applying the substrate to the web to form an elongated strip of heat transferable labels, transversely slitting the elongated strip of labels to provide item applicable labels and transferring the item applicable labels to the item.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a master web having three rows of printed variable data heat transfer labels embodying the principles of the present invention, in which the labels are shown in one row having fixed graphics on top of the transparent window, in a second row having fixed graphics immediately adjacent to the window, and in a third row having no fixed graphics;
• FIG 2A illustrates a web having a single row of labels with both fixed graphics and variable data printed on top of the transparent windows;
• FIG. 2B illustrates a web similar to that of FIG. 2 A, except that the labels have only variable data printed on top of the transparent windows;
• FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a master web having three rows of printed variable data heat transfer labels embodying the principles of the present invention, in which the labels are shown in one row having fixed graphics on top of the transparent window, in a second row having fixed graphics immediately adjacent to the window, and in a third row having no fixed graphics;
• FIG 2A illustrates a web having a single row of labels with both fixed graphics and variable data printed on top of the transparent windows;
• FIG. 3 shows an exemplary apparatus for printing variable data onto the labels
• FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the label on the carrier web prior to application to an object
• FIG. 5 A is a cross-sectional view of the label applied to an object in which the fixed and variable graphics are printed on top of the transparent window prior to application to the object
• FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view of the label applied to an object in which the fixed graphics are printed adjacent to the transparent window and the variable graphics are printed on top of the transparent window prior to application to the object
• FIG. 5C is a cross-sectional view of the label applied to an object in which variable graphics are printed on top of the transparent window prior to application to the object
• FIG. 5 A is a cross-sectional view of the label applied to an object in which the fixed and variable graphics are printed on top of the transparent window prior to application to the object
• FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view of the label applied to an object in which the fixed graphics are printed adjacent to the transparent window and the variable graphics are printed
• FIG. 5D is a cross-sectional view of the label applied to an object in which fixed graphics are disposed below the transparent window and variable graphics are printed on or over the window area;
• FIGS. 5E and 5F are plan views of an alternate embodiment of the label in which the window areas are formed as panes or islands of material on the carrier web;
• FIG. 6 is an illustration of an exemplary overall process for making and using (preparing for application and applying) the variable data labels of FIGS. 4 and 5A.
• FIG. 1 there is shown one embodiment of a set of variable data heat transfer labels indicated generally at 10, embodying the principles of the present invention.
• a carrier web 12 has three distinct rows 14, 16, 18 of discrete labels 10 on the carrier web 12.
• the discrete labels can be printed using a screen printing process; however, other processes can also be used including gravure, rotary screen, offset, or combinations of printing processes, for example, rotary screen and flexo, and the like.
• the present heat transfer labels 10 can be applied to an object (such as object 20 in FIG. 5 A, which can be a "soft" item such as a fabric item of clothing or a "rigid” item, such a power tool) and provide a way in which the label 10 can contain both fixed data 22 and variable data 24.
• object 20 in FIG. 5 A which can be a "soft" item such as a fabric item of clothing or a "rigid" item, such a power tool
• Such labels 10 allow a manufacturer to purchase rolls of heat transfer labels 10 with certain, desired fixed data 22 pre-printed and then print the appropriate labels with variable data 24 as need on-site.
• the carrier web 12 is typically a release-coated paper or plastic film.
• the release coating indicated generally at 50 in FIG. 4, can be silicone based, or it can employ other release coatings that will be recognized by those skilled in the art.
• both sides of the carrier web have a release coating, and the release coatings will generally have different release characteristics.
• the printed side will typically have a tighter release than the non-printed side.
• Each label 10 is formed with a transparent window area 26 and optionally fixed graphics 22.
• the term transparent means completely transparent, e.g., see-through, as well as partially transparent, e.g., translucent or capable of transmitting light to permit reading the imparted variable and/or fixed information through the window.
• the terms graphics, data and indicia are used interchangeably to indicate the fixed printing 22 of the label 10 or the variable printing 24 on the label 10.
• the fixed graphics 22 can vary depending on the object 20 that is being decorated with the label 10.
• the labels 10 can include fixed data 22, such as a manufacturer's name, manufacturing location, logos, trademarks and the like.
• the window area 26 and fixed graphic 22 inks can be an acrylic, a vinyl, an epoxy, a polyester, a polystyrene or similar thermoplastic resin system. If the object is a fabric-based article, chemistries such as those disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,256,795, 3,992,559 and 3,959,555 would be suitable for both the fixed graphics 22 and window area 26, which patents are incorporated herein by reference.
• the entirety of the "printed" area forms the label 10. That is, the window 26 and the fixed graphics 22 (if used) that are printed on the web 12 constitute the label 10.
• the adhesive layer 56 shown as 156 in FIG.
• the term “printing” connotes the application or transfer of colored or tinted indicia through the use of inks, dyes, pigments or the like.
• the window 26 material is "printed” on the carrier web 12 without a pigment or tint, thus providing the characteristics of the transparent window area 26.
• the fixed graphic 22 can be printed on top of or within the discrete window area 26 (as seen in row 14 in FIG. 1) or immediately adjacent to the window 26 (as seen in row 16).
• window area 26 is printed (as seen in row 18). It will also be appreciated that the window area 26 can be printed over the entirety of the carrier web 12, such that it essentially forms a continuous coating on the web 12.
• eye marks 28 are printed near the labels 10. These marks 28 can serve a variety of functions, such as providing a trigger for printing the variable graphic 24, for cutting the continuous roll of labels 10 into discrete single labels 10a,b,c (see FIG. 3) or for activating an application process, if, for example, the labels 10 are supplied to the application equipment in roll form.
• the eye marks 28 are not typically within the target label area in that the marks 28 are not generally transferred to the object 20.
• the eye marks 28 are printed in the form of a two dimensional bar code.
• the two dimensional bar code can be used to trigger the variable data printing process, to verify the authenticity of the label 10, to control the form, text, graphics, and the like of the variable data printed on the label 10, to control the position and timing of the cutting process to produce single labels 10a, 10b, 10c or to optionally control the application parameters (time, temperature and pressure) used in applying that label 10 to article 20.
• the two dimensional bar code can have a 2D Matrix Symbol that is commonly used in the industry, for example, as represented by DataMatrix, MaxiCode and QR Code.
• the machine readable eye marks 28a are printed within the transparent window area 26 using inks that are not visible under normal lighting conditions, but are readily detected under special conditions of lighting, for example, ultraviolet light, infra-red radiation, or electronic sensing, e.g., magnetic responsive inks.
• the machine readable eye marks may also be a component of the fixed graphics, through either graphic design parameters (such as shape, size, color contrast and the like), or the incorporation of special chemicals, including ultraviolet or infra-red active compounds, magnetic responsive inks, electrically activated luminescence, thermochromatic inks, photochromatic inks and the like. Referring to FIG.
• a master roll 30 is slit down to yield individual rolls 32a,b,c (collectively 32) of material that are single width, i.e., rolls 32 having one row of labels 10. It is anticipated that rolls 32 in this single width form will be supplied to, for example, the article manufacturer.
• the labels 10, as supplied have the window area 26, the associated eye mark 28 and the optional fixed graphics 22.
• the fixed graphics 22 can be single or multiple color as desired by the article manufacturer.
• the variable data 24 is printed on the window area 26 prior to applying the label 10 to the object 20. It is contemplated that the printing of variable data 24 will done at a different time and in a step separate from the printing of the fixed graphics 22 and window 26.
• variable data 24 will be printed at the article manufacturer's plant or at a nearby service facility using a variable data 24 printing process.
• the variable data 24 printing process can be carried out using ink jet, thermal transfer ribbon, ion printing and like printing processes.
• FIG. 4 illustrates a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the label 10 prior to application to an object.
• the carrier web 12, which can be supplied with a pre-coated release coating (not shown), is printed with a patterned release coat 50 followed by an optional clear coat 52.
• the clear coat 52 is either a cross- linked material or a composition that has a melting point greater than about 300°F to about 350°F (about 150°C to about 177°C).
• the fixed graphics 22 are then printed on the clear coat layer.
• the fixed graphics 22 can be one or more layers or colors of inks as required to achieve the desired fixed graphics 22.
• the fixed graphics 22 can be in the form of letters, numbers, pictograms, logos or other unique graphic designs.
• the fixed graphics 22 are then over-coated with a layer of clear cross-linked or high melt point, i.e., melting point greater than about 350°F (177°C) material 54.
• This material layer 54 facilitates maintaining image definition during the application process. Without such an over-coat layer, the fixed graphics may become distorted during application to the article.
• a transparent or partially transparent adhesive layer 56 is printed over the cross-linked overcoat layer 54.
• the adhesive layer 56 provides good bonding (adhesion) between the label 10 and the object 20 and typically has a melting point less than about 250°F to about 300°F (about 120°C to about 150°C).
• the composition of the adhesive layer 56 will depend upon the chemical nature and structure of the article and the required performance characteristics of the label on the article.
• FIG. 5A which is discussed in more detail below, illustrates that label of FIG. 4 as applied to an object 20.
• An exemplary work flow process 1010 is illustrated generally in FIG. 6.
• the exemplary work flow process represents the making and using of the label illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5A.
• the work flow 1010 includes, as set forth above, providing a carrier web having a release coat applied thereto 1012.
• the web can have a release coat pre-applied thereto.
• a typical carrier web will be a multiple width label.
• the label can be three labels wide to facilitate certain of the process steps (e.g., printing).
• the optional cross-linked top coat or high melt point composition can be applied to the release coat 1014.
• the top coat can be applied in a continuous manner, over the entirety of the web or in discrete regions on the web.
• Fixed graphics are then printed on the release coat or the optional top coat 1016. Eye marks are likewise printed along with the fixed graphics. A fixed graphic label is thus formed.
• a cross-linked clear layer or high melt point composition is applied over the fixed graphics 1018
• An adhesive layer is then applied over the cross-linked clear layer (if used) or over the fixed graphics 1022.
• the web is then slit to form lesser width labels 1024 (e.g., ribbons of labels), preferably single width labels, which are then fed into a printer to print the variable data or graphics 1026.
• An exemplary printer is commercially available from ITW Norwood of Downers Grove, Illinois under the trademark JAGUAR®.
• the individual labels are slit or cut 1028 and are applied to the desired goods 1030.
• variable data can be printed "as-needed" onto (fixed graphics) pre-printed labels.
• variable graphics printing process is considerably faster (typically) than the transfer or application process.
• the labels 10 can be printed on one printer, such as the JAGUAR® printer, and slit and distributed to a number of applicators, e.g., United Silicone, machines (for immediate or later use) to provide a cost effective and flexible process configuration.
• applicators e.g., United Silicone
• Other process configurations include having the printer and applicator integrated as taught in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,813,772 and 5,658,647; however, in such an arrangement, the total capital (equipment) costs are higher.
• FIG. 3 illustrates one exemplary apparatus 34 for printing the variable data 24 using a thermal transfer ribbon 36. In this process, a roll 32a of preprinted labels having a window area 26 and optionally fixed graphics 22 is fed into a variable data print unit printer 38.
• variable graphics 24 are printed on to the window area 26 by a print head 40. As can be seen from FIG. 4, the variable graphics 24 are printed onto the adhesive layer 56, which covers (and forms part of) the window area 26.
• the patterned transfer of the coating from the ribbon 36 to the window area 26 forms the variable data 24 images.
• the labels 10 containing the variable data 24 are then either cut into individual labels 10a,b,c using a cutting mechanism 42, or are rewound onto another roll (not shown).
• the thermal transfer ribbon 36 may have different types of coatings. Common commercially available coatings include resin, resin- ax and wax based compositions. A preferred coating composition will depend upon the composition of the window area 26 and the performance requirements of the decorated object 20.
• variable information is printed on the window area 26 using liquid inks dispensed in a controlled pattern, e.g., as small ink droplets ejected from a computer controlled ink jet printing nozzle.
• the inks used in this process are aqueous or organic solvent based inks. Suitable organic solvents include, for example, ketones, alcohols, esters, or hydrocarbons.
• Prefened solvents are low boiling point compounds including ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone, alcohols such as ethanol, iso-propanol and n-propanol, esters such as ethyl acetate and n-propyl acetate, and hydrocarbons such as heptane and toluene.
• ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone
• alcohols such as ethanol, iso-propanol and n-propanol
• esters such as ethyl acetate and n-propyl acetate
• hydrocarbons such as heptane and toluene.
• Other organic solvent based inks will be recognized by those skilled in the art.
• the variable data is printed using a hot stamping apparatus 34 that uses interchangeable dies and an appropriate heat transfer ribbon 36. This process can be used when the variable data 24 does not have to change on each successive heat transfer label 10.
• the interchangeable dies can have the required specific variable data, such as size code, fabric composition, manufacturing location, SKU, bar code, and the like, and the die could be changed as required to print the required quantity of heat transfer labels 10 for each specific product. In this fashion, varying quantities of heat transfer labels 10 could be produced to meet production needs.
• the thermal ribbon 36 used in this process is such as that commercially available from ITW Coding Products of Kalkaska, Michigan, ITW Norwood Marking Systems of Downers Grove, Illinois, and ITW FoilMark of Newburyport, Massachusetts.
• the specific source and grade of hot stamping ribbon 36 used in the invention will depend on the composition of the transparent window 26, the chemical and physical nature of article 10 to which it is being applied and the end use performance requirements of article 10.
• the ink jet inks can also be radiation curable, such as those printed by an ink jet printer and cured by radiation, such as ultraviolet light, electron beam or infrared radiation.
• radiation curable such as those printed by an ink jet printer and cured by radiation, such as ultraviolet light, electron beam or infrared radiation.
• the ink is cured after printing on the discrete window area 26 by exposing it to radiation from a suitable source. Radiation curing transforms the liquid ink into a solid form. Typically, such radiation curable inks provide good resistance to smearing.
• Still another process (not shown) for printing the variable data is laser marking, in which the variable data is established by removing material from the discrete window areas.
• the window areas are over-printed with a solid layer of colored ink during the original (fixed) printing of the label.
• the labels are then marked with the variable data by exposing the label to a laser capable of generating the required marks.
• the marking involves the ablation (removal) of the colored ink in the non-image areas associated with the variable data.
• the variable data is to be viewed in a reverse format, the image is developed by laser marking or engraving the data into the colored ink printed on the discrete window areas. In this instance, the colored ink is removed (ablated) to generate the image and non-image areas are left unchanged on the window areas.
• variable data 24 printing unit in a stand-alone configuration or as part of the application process will be used at the article manufacturer's facility.
• the variable data printing unit (such as the printing apparatus 34 of FIG. 3) prints the labels 10 at a location remote to the application station and labels 10 are delivered to an application machine station in either roll form or as discrete, single piece labels.
• This process allows the article manufacturer to have a different number of variable data printers (generally fewer) as compared to the number of application machines.
• variable data printer to be located in a central location within the facility to enhance security and provide better control of label inventory, both pre-printed and printed.
• variable data printing unit can be associated with the application machine.
• a roll of pre-printed labels is mounted on the printer-application machine, the labels are transported through the variable data printing unit where the variable data is printed, and then the labels are advanced into the application section of the machine for application to the article.
• the label could be applied to the article first and then the article with the applied label is advanced into the variable data printing unit where the variable data is printed on to the already applied label.
• FIGS. 5A-5D illustrate various embodiments of labels 10, 110, 210, 310 as applied to objects 20.
• the label 10 is applied to the object 20 at an exposed surface 46 of the label 10, such that the variable graphics 24 are in contact with the object 20 and are covered by the window 26 material. That is, the variable graphics 24 are sandwiched between the window 26 and the object 20.
• the window 26 is formed from a composite or combination of the adhesive layer 56, the cross-linked clear layer 54, the split release coat 50, and optionally (as illustrated) the top clear layer 52.
• the fixed graphics 22 are applied to the optional cross-linked top coat 52 or the release coat 50, as desired and appropriate. It will be appreciated from the drawings that the label 10 of FIG. 4, which is shown on the carrier web 12 in that figure is the label 10 which is shown in FIG. 5A as applied to an object 20.
• variable graphics 124 are in contact with the object 20, and are covered by the entirely of the window 126 material which includes the adhesive layer 156, the cross-linked clear coat layer 154 and the split release coat 150.
• the fixed graphics 122 are in contact with and between the adhesive layer 156 and the split release coat 150.
• the variable graphics 124 and adhesive 156 are in direct contact with the object 20.
• the label 210 does not contain fixed data and, consequently, only variable graphics 224 and the window 226 material are in contact with the object 20, with the window 226 overlying and protecting the variable data 224.
• the window area is formed from the adhesive layer 256, the cross-linked clear coat layer 254 and the split release coat 250.
• the fixed graphics 322 are disposed within the window area 326, which is formed from the adhesive layer 356, the cross-linked clear coat layer 354, an optional cross-linked clear layer 352 and the split release coat 350.
• the fixed graphics 322 are disposed between the cross-linked clear coat layer 354 and the optional cross-linked clear layer 352, and the variable graphics are disposed on the split release coat 350.
• the transparent window area 26 is not a single contiguous block area, but is formed from a group of islands or panes, hat can be discrete and "free standing" or can be connected through a series of contact points to create a chain of connected islands or panes.
• the exact form of the heat transfer label 10 will depend on the graphic content of the label and the desired use. It will be appreciated that the labels of FIGS. 5B-5D are formed, on a carrier web, in a manner similar to the label 10 illustrated in FIG. 4, that is, is in a reversed order from that in which the respective labels 110, 210, 310 are shown applied to their respective objects 20.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Decoration By Transfer Pictures (AREA)
• Labeling Devices (AREA)
• Making Paper Articles (AREA)

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• 2004
  • 2004-11-02 BR BRPI0417683-9A patent/BRPI0417683A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2004-11-02 KR KR1020067011850A patent/KR20060113945A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2004-11-02 MX MXPA06006815A patent/MXPA06006815A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2004-11-02 EP EP04810229A patent/EP1694496A1/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 2004-11-02 WO PCT/US2004/036521 patent/WO2005068174A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2004-11-02 JP JP2006545633A patent/JP2007514981A/ja not_active Withdrawn

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