EP1679279B1 - Elevator with control system - Google Patents
Elevator with control system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1679279B1 EP1679279B1 EP05000289A EP05000289A EP1679279B1 EP 1679279 B1 EP1679279 B1 EP 1679279B1 EP 05000289 A EP05000289 A EP 05000289A EP 05000289 A EP05000289 A EP 05000289A EP 1679279 B1 EP1679279 B1 EP 1679279B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- elevator
- speed
- elevator car
- evaluation circuit
- sensor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
- B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
- B66B5/04—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions for detecting excessive speed
- B66B5/06—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions for detecting excessive speed electrical
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
- B66B1/24—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration
- B66B1/28—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration electrical
- B66B1/32—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration electrical effective on braking devices, e.g. acting on electrically controlled brakes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
- B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
- B66B5/16—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an elevator system, a control device for an elevator system and a method for controlling the same elevator system.
- Lift systems comprise an elevator car which can be moved in an elevator shaft.
- Buffers are usually installed as safety devices in a shaft pit of the hoistway in order to decelerate the elevator car when the drive is malfunctioning when it passes the lowest station (or the counterweight when the uppermost station is passed over).
- Elevators with high rated speeds require very large buffers, which in turn requires a deep (and costly) pit. This complies with safety regulations which stipulate that the lift installation must be designed and constructed in such a way as to avoid a collision of the car in the shaft pit (see, for example, the European safety standard EN81).
- the EP 1 431 229 A1 discloses an elevator system with an overspeed control.
- the control system comprises a detector for the continuous determination of the position of the elevator car and a detector for the intermittent determination of the actual position of the elevator car, a detector for determining the car speed and a speed controller which determines on the basis of the obtained signals whether a first speed level has been exceeded and / or exceeding a second speed level, and accordingly the brake 50 or the safety brake 60 is actuated.
- An overspeed detector with a plurality of light barriers arranged on the elevator car is known.
- the photoelectric sensors generate by means of a mounted on one side of the elevator shaft measuring bar Measured values by means of which the speed or deceleration of the elevator car can be determined.
- the measuring strip is redundant and consists of a marking track and a control track.
- the present invention seeks to provide an elevator system in which the buffer device and thus the pit can be further reduced or in which can be completely dispensed with a buffer device.
- the elevator system according to the invention or the control device according to the invention open as a secure two-stage electronic system, the possibility to waive a safety buffer completely or partially (with a partial waiver of the buffer, the provision of a smaller buffer, eg. A cheap disposable buffer made of polyurethane, only for conceivable extreme cases).
- a smaller buffer eg. A cheap disposable buffer made of polyurethane, only for conceivable extreme cases.
- the invention essentially comprises three components, namely a detection system for determining the absolute position of the elevator car, a delay control circuit for detecting signals for determining the speed or the delay of the elevator car as well as a third component an evaluation circuit for processing the signals supplied by the other two components.
- a detection system for determining the absolute position of the elevator car
- a delay control circuit for detecting signals for determining the speed or the delay of the elevator car
- an evaluation circuit for processing the signals supplied by the other two components.
- the invention can be used whenever the distance of an elevator car to an object below or above it has to be maintained. This will be in the most common application, the pit or the shaft ceiling of the elevator shaft, but it may also be a driving in the same elevator shaft under the elevator car second elevator car (so-called TWIN ® system of the Applicant).
- the system according to the invention essentially comprises three components.
- the first of these components is a detection system for detecting signals for determining an absolute position of the elevator car.
- a detection system may, for example, operate on the basis of a magnetic tape having a plurality of pole pitches arranged in a non-repeating pattern.
- Such magnetic tapes are known per se and, for example, in the DE 197 32 713 A1 and the DE 102 34 744 A1 described.
- Applicant of the present application also describes in German Patent Application Serial No. 10 2004 037 486.4 (incorporated herein by reference) a double signal band for determining a state of motion of a moving body.
- FIGS. 1a and 1b Such a magnetic tape 90 suitable for carrying out the invention is shown in FIGS. 1a and 1b.
- the magnetic tape 90 comprises a plurality of pole pitches 92, 94 arranged in a non-repeating and thus unique pattern.
- a magnetic sensor 9, for example, a Hall sensor is arranged on the elevator car 6, not shown, and "reads" without contact that Pattern of the magnetic tape 90, which is fixed in the elevator shaft, for example. In a throat of the (not shown) elevator rails attached. From the signals supplied by the magnetic sensor 9, in addition to the absolute position, the speed of the elevator car 6 can be additionally derived.
- there are other methods known to those skilled in the art to determine the absolute position of an elevator car that may be used in this invention such as a laser measuring system operating on the principle of a bar code acquisition system.
- FIGS. 2 a and 2 b show an arrangement which is used for detecting signals for determining the speed or the deceleration of an elevator car for the control circuit.
- This arrangement comprises a band 70 on which a sensor-detectable pattern 72, 74 is applied.
- the belt is stationary in the elevator shaft in the region of the delay line of the elevator car 6 above the shaft pit (or below the shaft ceiling, since the invention is equally applicable to the security area at the upper shaft end).
- the pattern of the alternating sensor-sensitive measuring sections 72, 74 on the belt 70 is chosen such that a constant time value results from the detected signals, i. the individual measuring section sections 72, 74 become steadily shorter towards the lower end of the elevator shaft. An improper deceleration of the elevator car can thus be detected by means of an evaluation simply by a deviation from the constant desired time value.
- the belt 70 for detecting signals for determining the speed or the deceleration of an elevator car can be based on different, known in the art Realize types, for example. By means of a punched holes provided with metal strip whose pattern is picked up by a fork light barrier, or by magnetic pole pitches or optical reflection sections.
- the two measuring bands 70, 90 for the two described components can be applied to the front and rear sides of a carrier 1, for example the throat of an elevator rail, and the respective sensors 7, 9 for the two bands 70, 90 may be arranged on the legs 40, 42 of a U-shaped element on the elevator car, wherein the legs 40, 42 embrace the carrier 1 of the bands 70, 90 and so a simultaneous reading of the bands 70, 90 allow by the respective associated sensors 7, 9.
- the third component is an evaluation circuit 30, as shown by way of example in FIG.
- the evaluation circuit 30 can be realized by means of a micro-controller 10 which is electrically connected to the braking device and the catching device.
- the evaluation circuit 30 represents the core of a control device according to the invention.
- a safety relay device in the form of a first safety relay 11 and a second safety relay 12, a brake device (not shown) and an actuator 13 connected to the first safety relay 11, which actuates a catching device 14.
- double signal band 1 the two measuring bands, which for the sake of simplicity are referred to below as double signal band 1, are shown in highly schematic form together with the sensor units 7 to 9, wherein the sensor units 7 to 9 are attached to the outside of the elevator car as already mentioned are and are moved past the double signal band 1 in the driving operation of the elevator car.
- a third sensor 8 for detecting the speed and the position of the car can be provided according to the invention.
- a "2 of 3 selection" is possible and it is avoided that possibly briefly occurring interference signals, for example.
- electromagnetic interference not immediately lead to a standstill of the system.
- the electrical output signals S 1 to S 3 of the sensors 7, 8, 9 are fed into the microcontroller 10.
- the microcontroller 10 has a first channel A and a second channel B.
- an elevator controller 31 can be provided (shown on the right in FIG. 3), which is separately connected to the microcontroller 10 and the first and second safety relays 11, 12.
- the first safety relay 11 and the second safety relay 12 are respectively connected to the first channel A and to the second channel B of the micro-controller 10.
- the first safety relay 11 is coupled to the actuator 13, which actuates the catching device 14 and can trigger it.
- the second safety relay 12 acts on the (not shown) braking device and can trigger the brake device at a corresponding control signal.
- Each of the channels A and B respectively comprises three input modules 15 to 17, to which the electrical signals S1 to S3 of the respective sensor devices 7 to 9 are applied.
- these two channels are designed with a different hardware, eg. By means of two different processors.
- Each channel of the microcontroller 10 may comprise a RAM 21, a flash memory 22, an EEPROM 23, an OSC watchdog 24, a CAN module and individual separate input modules 15 to 17.
- the hardware structure of the microcontroller 10 corresponds to a commercially available electronic component, as it is industrially available, so that its structure and the internal calculation process is not further explained in the further.
- the electrical signals of the two sensor devices 7 and 8 for detecting the speed are respectively applied to the modules 15 and 16 of a respective channel A, B. Subsequently, a corresponding billing of the signals applied to the modules is carried out, from which the actual speed of the car 6 can be determined.
- the determination of the actual speed is limited to a simple measurement of the time required to travel through a measuring section. If this time remains above a fixed reference time stored in channels A and B, then the speed is in the safe range. Due to the different length of the measuring sections, which are becoming shorter towards the end of the shaft, a direct assignment to the position of the car is also inevitably ensured.
- Each of the channels A and B further includes an interface 17, which may be formed as a parallel or serial input.
- the sensor 9 connected to these inputs supplies absolute position information as well as further speed information of the elevator car in the elevator shaft.
- a reference speed is stored for each position in the region of the delay paths, which was stored during commissioning of the elevator system by a teach-in procedure. These reference speed values are thus dependent on the set delay and the jerk of the respective elevator installation. In the case of a simple standard system, these values can also be permanently programmed on delivery.
- This stored reference speed is compared in the deceleration area at each new position of the car supplied by the sensors 7 to 9 with the actual speed traveled, measured by the sensors 7 to 9. If a fixed or adjustable tolerance threshold of the actually driven speed is exceeded, then first the second safety relay 12 is actuated, which leads in consequence to the engagement of the service brake.
- the first safety relay 11 When a second tolerance threshold is exceeded, for example when the brake device would fail, the first safety relay 11 is actuated beyond that actuates the safety gear of the elevator system in succession by triggering the actuator.
- All reference values are stored in a secure memory area and are continuously monitored for validity according to known memory test methods.
- To further increase the reliability of the first channel A and the second channel B can be continuously compared with each other, so that due to a comparison of the computational variables of the first channel A and the second channel B differences in the electrical signals of the sensor devices 7 to 9, the example. based on mistakes, be recognized as soon as possible.
- the first safety relay 11 and the second safety relay 12 are operated for safety reasons, each with separate circuits.
- a plurality of safety relays can be connected, which are operated analogously with each separate circuits.
- the respective safety relays 11, 12 are electrically connected to the individual channels A, B of the microcontroller 10, so that control signals as will be explained below can be applied by the channels A, B to the corresponding safety relays 11, 12, and that in In return, a feedback information from the safety relay 11, 12 can be sent to the micro-controller 10.
- the first safety relay 11 is, as explained above, coupled to the actuator 13, which actuates the catching device 14.
- the catching device 14 may be a known wedge device that is driven to shut down the car in an emergency between a guide rail of the elevator system and an edge region of the elevator car.
- the actuator can also be activated and deactivated for test purposes by an electrical signal. After completion of the test operation, the normal driving operation of the elevator system can be resumed.
- the above-described device ensures by means of the double signal band 1 and the cooperating magnetic (alternatively optical) and electrical components effective speed limit or speed control of the elevator car.
- the apparatus may thus include conventional mechanical safety systems for speed limiting, i. Safety buffer, replace a lift.
- conventional electrical delay control circuits which are typically used in combination with oil buffers in higher speed elevator installations, can be replaced with the safe detection of deceleration according to the present invention.
- the device fulfills the provisions of the elevator directive on the basis of the safety concept explained above.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Indicating And Signalling Devices For Elevators (AREA)
- Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
- Elevator Control (AREA)
- Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Aufzuganlage, eine Steuervorrichtung für eine Aufzuganlage und ein Verfahren zum Steuern derselben Aufzugsanlage.The present invention relates to an elevator system, a control device for an elevator system and a method for controlling the same elevator system.
Aufzuganlagen umfassen eine in einem Aufzugschacht verfahrbare Aufzugkabine. Als Sicherheitseinrichtungen werden üblicherweise Puffer in eine Schachtgrube des Aufzugschachts eingebaut, um bei Fehlfunktionen des Antriebs die Aufzugkabine bei Überfahren der untersten Haltestelle (oder das Gegengewicht bei Überfahren der obersten Haltestelle) definiert abzubremsen. Bei Aufzügen mit hohen Nenngeschwindigkeiten werden dafür sehr große Puffer benötigt, was wiederum eine tiefe (und in der Bauausführung teure) Schachtgrube erforderlich macht. Damit werden Sicherheitsvorschriften erfüllt, die vorschreiben, dass die Aufzuganlage derart gestaltet und ausgeführt sein muss, dass ein Aufprall der Kabine in der Schachtgrube vermieden wird (vgl. bspw. die europäische Sicherheitsvorschrift EN81).Lift systems comprise an elevator car which can be moved in an elevator shaft. Buffers are usually installed as safety devices in a shaft pit of the hoistway in order to decelerate the elevator car when the drive is malfunctioning when it passes the lowest station (or the counterweight when the uppermost station is passed over). Elevators with high rated speeds require very large buffers, which in turn requires a deep (and costly) pit. This complies with safety regulations which stipulate that the lift installation must be designed and constructed in such a way as to avoid a collision of the car in the shaft pit (see, for example, the European safety standard EN81).
Um die Puffer und somit die Schachtgrube kleiner gestalten zu können, wurden bereits Verzögerungskontrollschaltungen vorgeschlagen, die einen Einsatz von kleineren Einwegpuffereinrichtungen, wie sie bspw. in der
Die
Aus der
Des weiteren ist es üblich und bekannt, für Notfälle zusätzlich zu der vorhandenen Bremseinrichtung der Aufzugkabine eine Fangeinrichtung vorzusehen, die insbesondere Fangkeile umfasst (vgl.
Ausgehend hiervon liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Aufzuganlage zu schaffen, bei der die Puffereinrichtung und somit die Schachtgrube weiter verkleinert werden können bzw. bei der auf eine Puffereinrichtung vollständig verzichtet werden kann.Proceeding from this, the present invention seeks to provide an elevator system in which the buffer device and thus the pit can be further reduced or in which can be completely dispensed with a buffer device.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird eine Aufzuganlage mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1, eine Steuervorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 7 sowie ein Verfahrens anspruch mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 8 vorgeschlagen.To solve this problem, an elevator system with the features of claim 1, a control device with the features of
Die erfindungsgemäße Aufzuganlage bzw. die erfindungsgemäße Steuervorrichtung eröffnen als sicheres zweistufiges elektronisches System die Möglichkeit, auf einen Sicherheitspuffer vollständig oder teilweise zu verzichten (wobei unter einem teilweisen Verzicht auf den Puffer das Vorsehen eines kleineren Puffers, bspw. eines billigen Einwegpuffers aus Polyurethan, lediglich für denkbare Extremfälle zu verstehen ist). Somit kann mit dem erfindungsgemäßen System eine konsequente Weiterverkleinerung existierender Puffersysteme betrieben werden.The elevator system according to the invention or the control device according to the invention open as a secure two-stage electronic system, the possibility to waive a safety buffer completely or partially (with a partial waiver of the buffer, the provision of a smaller buffer, eg. A cheap disposable buffer made of polyurethane, only for conceivable extreme cases). Thus, with the system according to the invention a consequent further reduction of existing buffer systems can be operated.
Die Erfindung umfasst im wesentlichen drei Komponenten, nämlich ein Erfassungssystem zum Bestimmen der absoluten Position der Aufzugkabine, eine Verzögerungskontrollschaltung zum Erfassen von Signalen zum Bestimmen der Geschwindigkeit bzw. der Verzögerung der Aufzugkabine sowie als dritte Komponente eine Auswerteschaltung zur Verarbeitung der von den beiden anderen Komponenten gelieferten Signale. Dabei handelt es sich um ein sogenanntes redundantdiversitäres System.The invention essentially comprises three components, namely a detection system for determining the absolute position of the elevator car, a delay control circuit for detecting signals for determining the speed or the delay of the elevator car as well as a third component an evaluation circuit for processing the signals supplied by the other two components. This is a so-called redundant-diversity system.
Die Erfindung kann immer dann eingesetzt werden, wenn der Abstand einer Aufzugkabine zu einem sich darunter oder darüber befindlichen Objekt einzuhalten ist. Dies wird in der häufigsten Anwendung die Schachtgrube bzw. die Schachtdecke des Aufzugschachtes sein, es kann sich dabei aber auch um eine in demselben Aufzugschacht unter der Aufzugkabine fahrende zweite Aufzugkabine handeln (sogenanntes TWIN®-System der Anmelderin).The invention can be used whenever the distance of an elevator car to an object below or above it has to be maintained. This will be in the most common application, the pit or the shaft ceiling of the elevator shaft, but it may also be a driving in the same elevator shaft under the elevator car second elevator car (so-called TWIN ® system of the Applicant).
Weitere Vorteile und Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der Beschreibung und der beiliegenden Zeichnung.Further advantages and embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the description and the accompanying drawings.
Es versteht sich, dass die vorstehend genannten und die nachstehend noch zu erläuternden Merkmale nicht nur in der jeweils angegebenen Kombination, sondern auch in anderen Kombinationen oder in Alleinstellung verwendbar sind, ohne den Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung zu verlassen.It is understood that the features mentioned above and those yet to be explained below can be used not only in the particular combination given, but also in other combinations or in isolation, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Die Erfindung ist anhand eines Ausführungsbeispieles in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellt und wird im folgenden unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung ausführlich beschrieben.
- Figur 1a
- zeigt in Draufsicht eine Anordnung zum Erfassen von Signalen zum Bestimmen einer absoluten Position einer Aufzugkabine.
- Figur 1b
- zeigt die Anordnung der Figur 1b in perspektivischer Ansicht.
- Figur 2a
- zeigt in Draufsicht eine Anordnung zum Erfassen von Signalen zum Bestimmen der Geschwindigkeit bzw. der Verzögerung einer Aufzugkabine für eine Verzögerungskontrollschaltung.
- Figur 2b
- zeigt die Anordnung der Figur 2b in perspektivischer Ansicht.
- Figur 3
- zeigt ein Strukturdiagramm einer Auswerteschaltung.
- FIG. 1a
- shows in plan view an arrangement for detecting signals for determining an absolute position of an elevator car.
- FIG. 1b
- shows the arrangement of Figure 1b in perspective view.
- FIG. 2a
- shows in plan view an arrangement for detecting signals for determining the speed or the delay of an elevator car for a delay control circuit.
- FIG. 2b
- shows the arrangement of Figure 2b in a perspective view.
- FIG. 3
- shows a structure diagram of an evaluation circuit.
Wie bereits voranstehend erwähnt, umfasst das erfindungsgemäße System im wesentlichen drei Komponenten.As already mentioned above, the system according to the invention essentially comprises three components.
Die erste dieser Komponenten ist ein Erfassungssystem zum Erfassen von Signalen zum Bestimmen einer absoluten Position der Aufzugkabine. Ein derartiges Erfassungssystem kann bspw. auf der Grundlage eines Magnetbandes mit einer Vielzahl von nach einem sich nicht wiederholenden Muster angeordneten Polteilungen funktionieren. Derartige Magnetbänder sind an sich bekannt und bspw. in der
Ein derartiges zur Ausführung der Erfindung geeignetes Magnetband 90 ist in den Figuren 1a und 1b dargestellt. Das Magnetband 90 umfasst eine Vielzahl von Polteilungen 92, 94, die nach einem sich nicht wiederholenden und somit eindeutigen Muster angeordnet sind. Ein magnetischer Sensor 9, bspw. ein Hall-Sensor ist an der nicht näher dargestellten Aufzugkabine 6 angeordnet und "liest" berührungslos das Muster des Magnetbandes 90, das ortsfest im Aufzugschacht, bspw. in einer Kehle der (nicht dargestellten) Aufzugschienen, angebracht ist. Aus den von dem magnetischen Sensor 9 gelieferten Signalen kann neben der absoluten Position ergänzend auch die Geschwindigkeit der Aufzugkabine 6 abgeleitet werden. Selbstverständlich gibt es noch andere dem Fachmann geläufige Methoden, die absolute Position einer Aufzugkabine zu bestimmen, die im Rahmen dieser Erfindung verwendet werden können, wie bspw. ein Laser-Messsystem das nach dem Prinzip eines Barcode-Erfassungssystems arbeitet.Such a magnetic tape 90 suitable for carrying out the invention is shown in FIGS. 1a and 1b. The magnetic tape 90 comprises a plurality of
Die zweite der erwähnten Komponenten ist eine Kontrollschaltung. In den Figuren 2a und 2b ist eine Anordnung dargestellt, die zum Erfassen von Signalen zum Bestimmen der Geschwindigkeit bzw. der Verzögerung einer Aufzugkabine für die Kontrollschaltung dient. Diese Anordnung umfasst ein Band 70, auf dem ein von einem Sensor erfassbares Muster 72, 74 aufgebracht ist. Das Band ist ortsfest im Aufzugschacht im Bereich der Verzögerungsstrecke der Aufzugkabine 6 oberhalb der Schachtgrube (bzw. unterhalb der Schachtdecke, da die Erfindung in gleichem Maße für den Sicherheitsbereich am oberen Schachtende einsetzbar ist) angeordnet. Das Muster der sich abwechselnden sensorrelevanten Messstreckenabschnitte 72, 74 auf dem Band 70 ist derart gewählt, dass sich aus den erfassten Signalen ein konstanter Zeitwert ergibt, d.h. die einzelnen Messstreckenabschnitte 72, 74 werden zum unteren Ende des Aufzugschachtes hin stetig kürzer. Eine nicht ordnungsgemäße Verzögerung der Aufzugkabine lässt sich somit mittels einer Auswertung einfach durch eine Abweichung von dem konstanten Soll-Zeitwert erkennen.The second of the mentioned components is a control circuit. FIGS. 2 a and 2 b show an arrangement which is used for detecting signals for determining the speed or the deceleration of an elevator car for the control circuit. This arrangement comprises a
Das Band 70 zum Erfassen von Signalen zum Bestimmen der Geschwindigkeit bzw. der Verzögerung einer Aufzugkabine lässt sich auf unterschiedliche, dem Fachmann an sich bekannte Arten realisieren, bspw. mittels eines mit Stanzlöchern versehenen Metallbandes, dessen Muster durch eine Gabellichtschranke aufgenommen wird, oder durch magnetische Polteilungen oder optische Reflexionsabschnitte.The
Wie aus den perspektivischen Darstellungen der Figuren 1b und 2b erkennbar ist, können die beiden Messbänder 70, 90 für die beiden beschriebenen Komponenten auf Vorder- und Rückseite eines Trägers 1, bspw. der Kehle einer Aufzugschiene, aufgebracht sein, und die jeweiligen Sensoren 7, 9 für die beiden Bänder 70, 90 können an den Schenkeln 40, 42 eines U-förmigen Elements an der Aufzugkabine angeordnet sein, wobei die Schenkel 40, 42 den Träger 1 der Bänder 70, 90 umgreifen und so ein zeitgleiches Ablesen der Bänder 70, 90 durch die jeweils zugeordneten Sensoren 7, 9 gestatten.As can be seen from the perspective views of FIGS. 1 b and 2 b, the two measuring
Die dritte Komponente ist eine Auswerteschaltung 30, wie sie beispielhaft in Figur 3 dargestellt ist. Die Auswerteschaltung 30 kann dabei mittels eines Mikro-Controllers 10 realisiert sein, der mit der Bremseinrichtung und der Fangeinrichtung elektrisch verbunden ist. Die Auswerteschaltung 30 stellt das Kernstück einer erfindungsgemäßen Steuervorrichtung dar.The third component is an
An dem Mikro-Controller 10 angeschlossen sind eine Sicherheitsrelaiseinrichtung in Form eines ersten Sicherheitsrelais 11 und eines zweiten Sicherheitsrelais 12, eine (nicht dargestellte) Bremseinrichtung und ein an dem ersten Sicherheitsrelais 11 angeschlossener Aktuator 13, der eine Fangeinrichtung 14 betätigt. Im linken Bereich der Figur 3 sind die beiden Messbänder, die im folgenden der Einfachheit halber kurz als Doppelsignalband 1 bezeichnet werden, stark schematisiert zusammen mit den Sensoreinrichtungen 7 bis 9 dargestellt, wobei die Sensoreinrichtungen 7 bis 9 wie bereits erwähnt außen an der Aufzugkabine angebracht sind und im Fahrtbetrieb der Aufzugkabine an dem Doppelsignalband 1 vorbeibewegt werden.Connected to the
Zur sicheren Erfassung der Geschwindigkeit sind an sich zwei redundant/diversitäre Sensoren 7 und 9 mit entsprechend zweikanaliger Auswertung ausreichend. Aus Gründen eines möglichst störungsfreien Betriebes der Aufzuganlage ist erfindungsgemäß ein dritter Sensor 8 zur Erfassung der Geschwindigkeit und der Position des Fahrkorbes vorgesehen sein. Somit ist eine "2 aus 3 Auswahl" möglich und es wird vermieden, dass eventuell kurzzeitig auftretende Störsignale, bspw. durch elektromagnetische Beeinflussungen, nicht sofort zum Stillstand der Anlage führen.For reliable detection of the speed, two redundant /
Die elektrischen Ausgangssignale S1 bis S3 der Sensoren 7, 8, 9 werden in den Mikro-Controller 10 eingespeist. Der Mikro-Controller 10 weist einen ersten Kanal A und einen zweiten Kanal B auf. Des weiteren kann (in Figur 3 rechts gezeigt) eine Aufzugsteuerung 31 vorgesehen sein, die jeweils mit dem Mikro-Controller 10 und dem ersten und zweiten Sicherheitsrelais 11, 12 separat verbunden ist.The electrical output signals S 1 to S 3 of the
Das erste Sicherheitsrelais 11 und das zweite Sicherheitsrelais 12 sind jeweils an den ersten Kanal A und an den zweiten Kanal B des Mikro-Controllers 10 angeschlossen. Das erste Sicherheitsrelais 11 ist mit dem Aktuator 13 gekoppelt, der die Fangeinrichtung 14 betätigt und diese auslösen kann. Das zweite Sicherheitsrelais 12 wirkt auf die (nicht gezeigte) Bremseinrichtung ein und kann bei einem entsprechenden Steuersignal die Bremseinrichtung auslösen.The
Jeder der Kanäle A und B umfasst jeweils drei Eingangsmodule 15 bis 17, an die die elektrischen Signale S1 bis S3 der jeweiligen Sensoreinrichtungen 7 bis 9 angelegt werden. Zur Erhöhung der Betriebssicherheit der Vorrichtung sind diese beiden Kanäle mit einer unterschiedlichen Hardware ausgestaltet, bspw. mittels zweier verschiedener Prozessoren. Jeweils jeder Kanal des Mikro-Controllers 10 kann einen RAM 21, ein Flash-Memory 22, einen EEPROM 23, einen OSC-Watchdog 24, ein CAN-Modul und einzelne separate Eingangsmodule 15 bis 17 umfassen. Der Hardware-Aufbau des Mikro-Controllers 10 entspricht einem handelsüblichen elektronischen Bauelement, wie es industriell verfügbar ist, so dass dessen Aufbau und der interne Rechenablauf im weiteren nicht näher erläutert ist.Each of the channels A and B respectively comprises three
Die elektrischen Signale der zwei Sensoreinrichtungen 7 und 8 zur Erfassung der Geschwindigkeit werden jeweils an die Module 15 und 16 eines jeweiligen Kanals A, B angelegt. Anschließend wird eine entsprechende Verrechnung der an die Module angelegten Signale durchgeführt, woraus sich die Ist-Geschwindigkeit des Fahrkorbes 6 bestimmen lässt. Die Ermittlung der Ist-Geschwindigkeit beschränkt sich auf eine einfache Messung der Zeit die zum Durchfahren eines Messstreckenabschnittes benötigt wird. Bleibt diese Zeit über einer in den Kanälen A und B fest abgespeicherten Referenzzeit, so ist die Geschwindigkeit im sicheren Bereich. Durch die unterschiedliche Länge der Messstreckenabschnitte, die zum Schachtende hin immer kürzer werden, ist ebenfalls eine direkte Zuordnung zur Position des Fahrkorbes zwangsläufig gewährleistet.The electrical signals of the two
Jeder der Kanäle A und B umfasst darüber hinaus eine Schnittstelle 17, die als paralleler oder serieller Eingang ausgebildet sein kann. Der an diese Eingänge angeschlossene Sensor 9 liefert eine absolute Positionsinformation sowie eine weitere Geschwindigkeitsinformation des Fahrkorbes im Aufzugschacht.Each of the channels A and B further includes an
In den jeweiligen Speicherbereichen der Kanäle A und B ist für jede Position im Bereich der Verzögerungswege eine Referenzgeschwindigkeit hinterlegt, die bei der Inbetriebnahme der Aufzuganlage durch ein Teach-in-Verfahren abgespeichert wurde. Diese Referenz-Geschwindigkeitswerte sind somit abhängig von der eingestellten Verzögerung und dem Ruck der jeweiligen Aufzuganlage. Bei einer einfachen Standardanlage können diese Werte auch bereits bei der Auslieferung fest einprogrammiert sein. Diese abgespeicherte Referenzgeschwindigkeit wird im Verzögerungsbereich an jeder durch die Sensoren 7 bis 9 gelieferten neuen Position des Fahrkorbes mit der tatsächlich gefahrenen Geschwindigkeit, gemessen durch die Sensoren 7 bis 9, verglichen. Wird eine feste oder einstellbare Toleranzschwelle der tatsächlich gefahrenen Geschwindigkeit überschritten, so wird zunächst das zweite Sicherheitsrelais 12 betätigt, das in Folge zum Einfallen der Betriebsbremse führt.In the respective memory areas of the channels A and B, a reference speed is stored for each position in the region of the delay paths, which was stored during commissioning of the elevator system by a teach-in procedure. These reference speed values are thus dependent on the set delay and the jerk of the respective elevator installation. In the case of a simple standard system, these values can also be permanently programmed on delivery. This stored reference speed is compared in the deceleration area at each new position of the car supplied by the
Beim Überschreiten einer zweiten Toleranzschwelle, bspw. wenn die Bremseinrichtung versagen würde, wird darüber hinaus das erste Sicherheitsrelais 11 betätigt, das in Folge durch Auslösen des Aktuators die Fangvorrichtung der Aufzuganlage betätigt.When a second tolerance threshold is exceeded, for example when the brake device would fail, the
Alle Referenzwerte sind in einem sicheren Speicherbereich abgelegt und werden nach an sich bekannten Speicher-Testverfahren laufend auf ihre Gültigkeit hin überwacht. Zur weiteren Erhöhung der Betriebssicherheit können der erste Kanal A und der zweite Kanal B fortwährend miteinander verglichen werden, so dass aufgrund eines Vergleichs der Rechengrößen des ersten Kanals A bzw. des zweiten Kanals B Unterschiede der elektrischen Signale der Sensoreinrichtungen 7 bis 9, die bspw. auf Fehler beruhen, frühestmöglich erkannt werden.All reference values are stored in a secure memory area and are continuously monitored for validity according to known memory test methods. To further increase the reliability of the first channel A and the second channel B can be continuously compared with each other, so that due to a comparison of the computational variables of the first channel A and the second channel B differences in the electrical signals of the
Das erste Sicherheitsrelais 11 und das zweite Sicherheitsrelais 12 werden aus Sicherheitsaspekten mit jeweils getrennten Stromkreisen betrieben. An jeden Kanal des Mikro-Controllers 10 können auch eine Mehrzahl von Sicherheitsrelais angeschlossen sein, die analog mit jeweils getrennten Stromkreisen betrieben werden. Die jeweiligen Sicherheitsrelais 11, 12 sind mit den einzelnen Kanälen A, B des Mikro-Controllers 10 elektrisch verbunden, so dass Steuersignale wie nachstehend noch zu erläutern von den Kanälen A, B an die entsprechenden Sicherheitsrelais 11, 12 angelegt werden können, und dass im Gegenzug eine Rückmeldeinformation von den Sicherheitsrelais 11, 12 an den Mikro-Controller 10 gesendet werden kann.The
Das erste Sicherheitsrelais 11 ist wie voranstehend erläutert mit dem Aktuator 13 gekoppelt, der die Fangeinrichtung 14 betätigt. Bei der Fangeinrichtung 14 kann es sich um eine an sich bekannte Keilvorrichtung handeln, die zum Stillsetzen des Fahrkorbs im Notfall zwischen eine Führungsschiene der Aufzuganlage und einen Randbereich des Fahrkorbes getrieben wird. Bei einem Stillstand des Fahrkorbes 6 kann der Aktuator auch für Testzwecke durch ein elektrisches Signal aktiviert und deaktiviert werden. Nach Beenden des Testbetriebs kann der normale Fahrbetrieb der Aufzuganlage wieder aufgenommen werden.The
Nach einem Auslösen der Bremseinrichtung durch ein Steuersignal des zweiten Sicherheitsrelais 12 oder der Fangeinrichtung 14 durch Steuersignal des ersten Sicherheitsrelais 11 ist ein weiterer Betrieb der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung erst dann möglich, wenn eine Betriebsüberprüfung durch ein Fachpersonal stattgefunden hat. Nach erfolgter Überprüfung wird ein entsprechendes Freigabesignal von dem jeweiligen Sicherheitsrelais 11 bzw. 12 zurück an den entsprechenden Kanal A, B gesendet, woraufhin ein normaler Fahrtbetrieb der Aufzuganlage fortgesetzt werden kann.After triggering of the braking device by a control signal of the
Die voranstehend erläuterte Vorrichtung gewährleistet mittels des Doppelsignalbandes 1 und der damit zusammenwirkenden magnetischen (alternativ optischen) und elektrischen Bauelemente eine wirksame Geschwindigkeitsbegrenzung bzw. Geschwindigkeitskontrolle des Aufzug-Fahrkorbes. Die Vorrichtung kann somit herkömmliche mechanische Sicherheitssysteme für eine Geschwindigkeitsbegrenzung, d.h. Sicherheitspuffer, eines Aufzuges ersetzen. Ebenso können herkömmliche elektrische Verzögerungskontrollschaltungen, die in der Regel in Kombination mit Ölpuffern bei Aufzuganlagen mit höheren Geschwindigkeiten eingesetzt werden, mit der erfindungsgemäßen sicheren Erfassung der Verzögerung ersetzt werden.The above-described device ensures by means of the double signal band 1 and the cooperating magnetic (alternatively optical) and electrical components effective speed limit or speed control of the elevator car. The apparatus may thus include conventional mechanical safety systems for speed limiting, i. Safety buffer, replace a lift. Likewise, conventional electrical delay control circuits, which are typically used in combination with oil buffers in higher speed elevator installations, can be replaced with the safe detection of deceleration according to the present invention.
Die Vorrichtung erfüllt aufgrund des voranstehend erläuterten Sicherheitskonzeptes die Bestimmungen der Aufzugrichtlinie. The device fulfills the provisions of the elevator directive on the basis of the safety concept explained above.
Claims (8)
- Elevator system with an elevator car (6) movable in an elevator shaft, the elevator system comprising a braking device and a catching device (14) with catching elements, and further comprising a first sensor (7) for detecting signals for determining a speed of the elevator car (6) by means of a continuous measuring band (70), a second sensor (9) for detecting signals for determining a speed and an absolute position of the elevator car (6), and a third sensor for detecting signals for determining the speed and the absolute position of the elevator car (6), the elevator system further comprising a 2-channel evaluation circuit (30) for evaluating the signals of the sensors (7, 8, 9), with the first sensor (7) and the second sensor (9) being connected respectively to one of the two channels (A, B) of the evaluation circuit (30) in a redundant/diverse manner, and the third sensor (8) being connected to both channels (A, B) of the evaluation circuit (30) for a 2 out of 3 selection, wherein the evaluation circuit (30) evaluates on the basis of the input signals of the sensors (7, 8, 9) whether the speed of the elevator car (6) is at the determined position within a permissible interval and depending on the result of the evaluation firstly the braking device is activated via a first output of the evaluation circuit (3) and if a second tolerance threshold is exceeded the catching device is triggered via a second output of the evaluation circuit, wherein a continuous comparison is made of the two channels (A, B) of the evaluation circuit (30).
- Elevator system according to claim 1, wherein the detection of the second sensor (9) is performed by means of a continuous measuring tape (90) arranged in the elevator shaft.
- Elevator system according to claim 1, wherein the detection of the second sensor (9) is performed by means of a measuring tape (90) arranged in the elevator shaft with a defined, non-repeating pattern (92, 94).
- Elevator system according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the measuring tape (90) is a magnetic tape with a pole pitch pattern (92, 94).
- Elevator system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the detection of the first sensor (7) is performed by means of a measuring tape (70) arranged in the elevator shaft with a defined pattern (72, 74), wherein the measurement length sections (72, 74) forming the pattern become shorter towards the end of the measuring tape (70).
- Elevator system according to claim 2 or 3 and claim 5, wherein the tapes (70, 90) form the front and rear side of a double signal tape (1).
- Control device for limiting the speed of an elevator car (6) of an elevator system, the control device being designed to be coupled with a braking device and a catching device (14) with catching elements of the elevator system, wherein the control device determines from first input signals (S1) for determining the speed or deceleration of the elevator car (6) and from second and third input signals (S2, S3) for determining a speed and an absolute position of the elevator car (6) by means of a 2-channel evaluation circuit (30) for evaluating the signals (S1, S2, S3) the position and speed or deceleration of the elevator car (6), with the first signal (S1) and the second signal (S2) being fed respectively into one of the two channels (A, B) of the evaluation circuit (30) in a redundant/diverse manner, and the third signal (S3) for a 2 out of 3 selection being fed into both channels (A, B) of the evaluation circuit (30), and wherein the control device, in case of a deviation from a predefined interval for the position and speed parameter pair, firstly triggers the braking device, and if, despite triggering the braking device there is still a deviation from a second predefined interval for the position and speed parameter pair and the elevator car (6) is still in a critical position, the control device then triggers the catching device (14).
- Method for controlling an elevator system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the following steps:- detecting an absolute position of the elevator car (6),- detecting a speed or deceleration of the elevator car (6) at the detected absolute position,- comparing the detected position and speed/deceleration parameter pair with predefined values,
and in case of a deviation of the detected parameter pair from the predefined values of more than a permitted tolerance:- triggering a braking device of the elevator system,- repeating the steps of detecting and comparing,- triggering a catching device of the elevator system, if the result of the comparison still lies outside a second tolerance range of the predefined values,wherein the steps of detecting and comparing are performed by means of a 2-channel evaluation circuit (30) for evaluating the signals (S1, S2, S3), wherein first input signals (S1) for determining the speed or deceleration of the elevator car (6) and second input signals (S2) for determining the speed and absolute position of the elevator car (6) are fed respectively into one of the two channels (A, B) of the evaluation circuit (30) in a redundant/diverse manner, and third input signals (S3) for determining the speed and an absolute position of the elevator car (6) for a 2 out of 3 selection are fed into both channels (A, B) of the evaluation circuit (30).
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE502005001371T DE502005001371D1 (en) | 2005-01-07 | 2005-01-07 | Elevator installation with a control device |
ES05000289T ES2293392T5 (en) | 2005-01-07 | 2005-01-07 | ELEVATOR WITH CONTROL SYSTEM. |
AT05000289T ATE371624T1 (en) | 2005-01-07 | 2005-01-07 | ELEVATOR SYSTEM WITH A CONTROL DEVICE |
EP05000289A EP1679279B2 (en) | 2005-01-07 | 2005-01-07 | Elevator with control system |
JP2007549821A JP4827854B2 (en) | 2005-01-07 | 2005-12-27 | Elevator unit and control device for elevator unit |
PCT/EP2005/014043 WO2006072428A2 (en) | 2005-01-07 | 2005-12-27 | Elevator unit comprising a control device |
CN2005800458767A CN101094802B (en) | 2005-01-07 | 2005-12-27 | Elevator, control device of elevator and method for controlling elevator |
US11/813,504 US7946393B2 (en) | 2005-01-07 | 2005-12-27 | Safety evaluation and control system for elevator units |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP05000289A EP1679279B2 (en) | 2005-01-07 | 2005-01-07 | Elevator with control system |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1679279A1 EP1679279A1 (en) | 2006-07-12 |
EP1679279B1 true EP1679279B1 (en) | 2007-08-29 |
EP1679279B2 EP1679279B2 (en) | 2011-03-30 |
Family
ID=34933226
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP05000289A Not-in-force EP1679279B2 (en) | 2005-01-07 | 2005-01-07 | Elevator with control system |
Country Status (8)
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US (1) | US7946393B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1679279B2 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4827854B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101094802B (en) |
AT (1) | ATE371624T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE502005001371D1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2293392T5 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006072428A2 (en) |
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2005
- 2005-01-07 EP EP05000289A patent/EP1679279B2/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2005-01-07 AT AT05000289T patent/ATE371624T1/en active
- 2005-01-07 ES ES05000289T patent/ES2293392T5/en active Active
- 2005-01-07 DE DE502005001371T patent/DE502005001371D1/en active Active
- 2005-12-27 JP JP2007549821A patent/JP4827854B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-12-27 WO PCT/EP2005/014043 patent/WO2006072428A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-12-27 CN CN2005800458767A patent/CN101094802B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-12-27 US US11/813,504 patent/US7946393B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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CN101531307B (en) * | 2008-03-12 | 2011-12-14 | 东芝电梯株式会社 | Forced reduction gear for elevator terminal layer |
WO2014005833A1 (en) | 2012-07-05 | 2014-01-09 | Rg Mechatronics Gmbh | Adjustment device for adjusting the acceleration of a vertically moving transport apparatus |
DE102012106056A1 (en) | 2012-07-05 | 2014-01-09 | Rg Mechatronics Gmbh | Regulating device for controlling the acceleration of a transport device moved in the vertical direction |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1679279A1 (en) | 2006-07-12 |
EP1679279B2 (en) | 2011-03-30 |
ES2293392T5 (en) | 2011-07-20 |
WO2006072428A2 (en) | 2006-07-13 |
DE502005001371D1 (en) | 2007-10-11 |
CN101094802B (en) | 2011-07-20 |
JP4827854B2 (en) | 2011-11-30 |
ATE371624T1 (en) | 2007-09-15 |
WO2006072428A3 (en) | 2006-08-31 |
ES2293392T3 (en) | 2008-03-16 |
US7946393B2 (en) | 2011-05-24 |
JP2008526650A (en) | 2008-07-24 |
CN101094802A (en) | 2007-12-26 |
US20080135342A1 (en) | 2008-06-12 |
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