EP1670294B1 - Betriebsgerät und Verfahren zum Betreiben von Gasentladungslampen - Google Patents

Betriebsgerät und Verfahren zum Betreiben von Gasentladungslampen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1670294B1
EP1670294B1 EP05025754A EP05025754A EP1670294B1 EP 1670294 B1 EP1670294 B1 EP 1670294B1 EP 05025754 A EP05025754 A EP 05025754A EP 05025754 A EP05025754 A EP 05025754A EP 1670294 B1 EP1670294 B1 EP 1670294B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lamp
value
gas discharge
pressure gas
state variable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP05025754A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1670294A2 (de
EP1670294A3 (de
Inventor
Christian Breuer
Ralf Dr. Weidemann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Osram GmbH
Original Assignee
Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1670294A2 publication Critical patent/EP1670294A2/de
Publication of EP1670294A3 publication Critical patent/EP1670294A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1670294B1 publication Critical patent/EP1670294B1/de
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/36—Controlling
    • H05B41/38—Controlling the intensity of light
    • H05B41/382—Controlling the intensity of light during the transitional start-up phase
    • H05B41/386—Controlling the intensity of light during the transitional start-up phase for speeding-up the lighting-up
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an operating device and a method for operating high-pressure gas discharge lamps.
  • the invention solves problems that occur during the startup of high-pressure gas discharge lamps.
  • high-pressure gas discharge lamps are also called lamp for short.
  • High-pressure gas discharge lamps must be ignited by a high voltage, which is provided by an ignition device. After ignition, the lamp heats up during a start-up phase from a starting temperature to an operating temperature.
  • the voltage applied to a lamp after ignition is called burning voltage and is not significantly dependent on the lamp current within wide limits.
  • the burning voltage increases during the start-up phase of a starting voltage to a service operating voltage.
  • the start-up phase is followed by an operating phase when the gas discharge lamps function as intended.
  • high and low pressure gas discharge lamps In the field of lamp technology, a distinction is made between high and low pressure gas discharge lamps. In the case of high-pressure gas discharge lamps, it is essential for the mode of operation to increase the pressure in the lamp vessel from an initial pressure to an operating pressure during the start-up phase. This is one reason why the invention described below can be used particularly advantageously in high-pressure gas discharge lamps. However, use in low-pressure gas discharge lamps is also possible.
  • the operating device During the operating phase, it is customary for the operating device to regulate the power of the lamp to a desired power. Since during the start-up phase, the burning voltage is low, with pure power control during the start-up phase, a high lamp current would be needed to set the target power. This current can be many times higher than the lamp current during the operating phase. This would lead to destruction of the electrodes of the lamp. Therefore, in the prior art, the current supplied by the operating device to the lamp during the start-up phase is limited to a constant starting current. Thus, the lamp is supplied with the constant starting current at least during a first portion of the start-up phase. During the start-up phase, the burning voltage increases.
  • the power control begins to operate. As the operating voltage increases, the power control reduces the lamp current to such an extent that the setpoint power is reached.
  • the start-up phase is completed when the burning voltage has reached the value of the operating voltage.
  • the operating voltage of the burner is subject to specimen scatters and also changes during the life of a lamp.
  • the operating burning voltage is therefore defined by the burning voltage which remains substantially constant at setpoint power. To mask out fluctuations, the burning voltage is usually measured as a time average. Correlated with the operating firing voltage is an operating lamp current which, together with the operating firing voltage, results in the desired power.
  • a starting current is selected in the prior art, which is well above the operating lamp current. This is in the Scriptures US 5,083,065 (Sakata ). In this document, an operating device is described that has no power control, but only the lamp current is set via the operating frequency. A control unit records throughout Start-up phase, the increase of the burning voltage and increases the operating frequency, if the increase of the burning voltage is too strong. Indirectly the value of the lamp current is limited.
  • One aspect in the selection of the starting current is also the desire for the shortest possible start-up phase in order to achieve a target luminous flux in the shortest possible time. This is achieved by a high starting current.
  • a high starting current represents a heavy load on the electrodes, which leads to damage to the electrodes and thus reduces the life of a lamp.
  • the electrodes are damaged either by overheating, which leads to melting and burning, or by so-called sputtering, which is caused by ions striking an electrode at high speed.
  • the solution according to the invention formulated above uses the following facts:
  • the lamp current during the start-up phase is therefore in an operating device according to the invention not the same every time a lamp is put into operation. Rather, an operating device according to the invention has a lamp state detector which determines a state variable during a time window at the beginning of the start-up phase which is decisive for the starting current.
  • the state variable allows the operating device to distinguish between a cold and a hot lamp.
  • a control device provides the operating device in a cold lamp low starting current, which has a value that does not significantly damage the cold electrodes.
  • the operating device provides by means of the adjusting device a high starting current, which would significantly damage the cold electrodes, but does not cause significant damage to the hot electrodes. In this way, the start-up phase can be significantly shortened with hot lamps.
  • the state variable determines the lamp state detector according to the invention from the burning voltage.
  • the lamp status detector evaluates the burning voltage in a time window following the ignition.
  • the lamp condition detector can first evaluate two characteristics of the burning voltage: the absolute value of the burning voltage and the temporal change of the burning voltage.
  • the state variable results from the evaluation of the one and the other parameter. To get a more reliable information about the temperature of the lamp, both characteristics are combined. An easily realizable combination consists in the weighted addition of both parameters. The result of this addition is again a state variable which gives information about the temperature of the lamp by comparison with a predetermined comparison value.
  • FIG. 1 a block diagram of an embodiment of an inventive operating device is shown, which is suitable for the operation of high-pressure gas discharge lamps.
  • the basic structure and the basic operation of such a control gear is in the Scriptures WO 95/35645 (Derra ). The individual blocks will be briefly described below.
  • Block 1 contains a DC power supply which generally draws its power from a mains voltage supply.
  • the value of the DC voltage supplied is above the burning voltage of a connected lamp 6.
  • the DC voltage supply feeds a buck converter 2, which subtracts the voltage value supplied by the DC voltage supply to a value which corresponds to the burning voltage of a connected lamp 6.
  • the buck converter 2 contains an adjusting device with which the lamp current can be adjusted. This is done by choosing the voltage that will be set at the output of the buck.
  • An adjustment option usually consists of a so-called pulse width modulation (PWM). This determines the ratio of turn-on and turn-off durations of electronic switches included in buck converter 2.
  • PWM pulse width modulation
  • the embodiment of the buck converter 2 can be found in the general literature on power electronics.
  • WO 95/35645 (Derra ) is a topology with a switch selected. However, it is also a version with multiple switches possible, as z. B. represents a half bridge.
  • the buck converter 2 contains a throttle, which serves as a current limit. This gives the buck 2 a characteristic that corresponds to an adjustable current source for the lamp current.
  • the step-down converter 2 supplies a direct current or an alternating current.
  • the output of the buck converter 2 is fed to a rectifier 3, which supplies a direct current at its output.
  • the rectifier 3 can deploy if the buck converter 2 supplies a direct current.
  • the direct current from the rectifier 3 or the buck converter 2 is fed into a full bridge 4, which converts the direct current into a rectangular alternating current.
  • the frequency of the rectangular alternating current is low compared to conventional frequencies at which the buck converter 2 operates, and is at values between 50 Hz and 1 kHz.
  • the conversion to rectangular alternating current is necessary in applications that operate AC lamps and require a uniform luminous flux. Examples of such applications are so-called projectors and rear projection televisions.
  • the lamp start-up control according to the present invention may be applied to DC lamps or AC lamps operated with non-square-wave AC. Depending on the application can therefore block 3 or 4 or both omitted.
  • an ignition unit 5 is connected between the full bridge 4 and the lamp 6. It supplies the voltage required to ignite the lamp. After the ignition of the lamp, the ignition unit 5 usually takes over No more function. The ignition can be accomplished without a separately constructed ignition unit 5 by a known resonance ignition.
  • a control unit 7 is connected to the buck converter 2, the rectifier 3, the full bridge 4 and the ignition unit 5.
  • the control unit 7 includes the controller, a controller, the lamp condition detector and measuring means for detecting operating parameters (e.g., burning voltage, lamp current) and means for storing lamp type data such as standard values and comparison values for distinguishing cold and hot lamps.
  • operating parameters e.g., burning voltage, lamp current
  • lamp type data e.g., standard values and comparison values for distinguishing cold and hot lamps.
  • the individual devices are combined in the control unit 7, since the control unit 7 usually contains a microcontroller which combines the function of several or all devices in itself. In many cases, the realization of a device either by hardware or by software is possible. Increasingly, control and regulation tasks are taken over by software, since this solution is cost-effective and flexible.
  • control unit 7 All connections leading to control unit 7 can be both inputs and outputs. Switched as inputs, the compounds can supply information about the burning voltage and the lamp current arbitrarily from one of the blocks 2-5 of the control unit 7.
  • Switched as outputs control the connections coordinated by the control unit 7 ignition, start-up, operation and shutdown of the operating device.
  • the control device which is contained in the control unit 7, calculated from the lamp current and the burning voltage, the lamp power and compares them with a stored target power for the lamp to be operated. If the lamp power is lower than the target power, the control device increases the lamp current via the adjusting device as long as the lamp power and the target power coincide.
  • the lamp state detector as described above, provides the state quantity that allows discrimination between a cold and a hot lamp.
  • the state variable is determined by the lamp state detector from the burning voltage. There are several possibilities for that. A simple possibility is that the lamp state detector measures the burning voltage at a time in the time window and subtracts a standard value from this measured value. This results in a difference that forms the state variable.
  • the burning voltage can also be averaged over the period of the time window and the state variable can be formed from the mean value.
  • the temporal change of the burning voltage is well suited to derive a state variable from it.
  • the burning voltage With cold lamps, the burning voltage remains constant or even drops in the first few seconds after ignition, while with hot lamps, the burning voltage immediately increases after ignition.
  • the lamp state detector measures an instantaneous value of the burning voltage at the beginning and at the end of the time window. The difference between these two values is a measure of the temporal change of the burning voltage and can serve as a state variable
  • a very reliable state variable is required, and both an instantaneous or average value of the burning voltage and the temporal change of the burning voltage are used to determine the state variable.
  • a simple combination of these two parameters consists in a weighted addition. Suitable weighting factors depend essentially on the lamp to be operated and can be determined by test series.
  • the control device evaluates the state variable.
  • the result of this evaluation is decisive for the specification of a current limit value for the actuating device.
  • the simplest possibility of the evaluation consists in comparing the state variable with a comparison value. If the value of the state variable is above the comparison value, a hot lamp is assumed, for example, and the control device gives the actuating device a current limit that is suitable for a hot lamp is. If the value of the state variable is below the comparison value, a cold lamp is assumed, for example, and the control device gives the adjusting device a current limit which is suitable for a cold lamp. Suitable values for the current limit value depend on the lamp to be operated and must be determined by tests.
  • a more complex possibility of evaluating the state variable is that the control device of the adjusting device specifies a current limit, which depends linearly on the state variable. A nonlinear dependence in the form of a characteristic is also possible.
  • the elaborate evaluation allows the shortest possible start-up phase. Required proportionality factors or characteristic curves can be determined by tests.
  • FIG. 2 is an example of the timing of the lamp current and the burning voltage represents.
  • the abscissa forms the time axis on which time t is plotted in seconds.
  • the left ordinate applies to the burning voltage and gives values in volts (V).
  • the right ordinate applies to the lamp current and gives values in amps (A).
  • the curve 3 shows the time course of the lamp current and curve 2, the burning voltage.
  • This in FIG. 2 Example shown shows the start of a hot lamp.
  • the curve 1 shows the time course of the burning voltage of a cold lamp until the end of the time window.
  • the example shows curves of a high-pressure or high-pressure gas discharge lamp for projection applications with an electrical output of approx. 150W.
  • the adjusting device adjusts a lamp current which is suitable for cold lamps, in the example 2 A.
  • the lamp in the example was re-ignited after 35 seconds and has a burning voltage of 24 V at the time t1.
  • a cold lamp would have a burning voltage of 18V.
  • the standard value for the burning voltage is 20 V
  • the result is a difference of 4 volts.
  • a simple determination the state variable could already take place at the time t1 by using the difference as a state variable.
  • the lamp in the example would be rated as hot and the starting current could be increased immediately. However, it can happen that lamp specimens after aging have a burning voltage of more than 20 V even when cold. Therefore, the example shows a more complex determination of the state variable.
  • the time window extends until time t2.
  • a cold lamp would still have a burning voltage of 18 V at this time, as curve 1 shows.
  • Curve 2 shows, however, that at the time t2, the burning voltage of the hot lamp has already risen to 34 V. This results in a time increase of the burning voltage of 1.1 V / s.
  • the time increase of hot lamps is typically above 0.7 V / s.
  • state variable Change of the burning voltage * 70 + difference * 8th.
  • the control device evaluates the state variable at time t2.
  • lamps with a value of the state size over 50 were classified as hot.
  • the value 109 is well above 50.
  • the control device detects a hot lamp and gives the actuator a higher starting current of 2.4 A. This is achieved at the time t3, as can be seen from the curve 3.
  • Curve 2 shows the effect of the increased starting current on the burning voltage. From the time t3, the burning voltage increases faster than before.
  • the burning voltage reaches a value which, together with the starting current, gives the predetermined rated power of the lamp. From time t4, the power control takes over the regulation of the lamp current. A not shown further increase in the burning voltage leads to a falling lamp current, until an equilibrium state has set and the start-up phase has ended.
  • starting current Starting current for cold lamp + additional power * ( state variable - a ) / b
  • the starting phase is shortened by the inventive control of the starting current by about 15s.
  • the time window is 9 s long.
  • start-up phase can be shortened even further.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Multiple-Way Valves (AREA)
EP05025754A 2004-12-07 2005-11-25 Betriebsgerät und Verfahren zum Betreiben von Gasentladungslampen Not-in-force EP1670294B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004058921A DE102004058921A1 (de) 2004-12-07 2004-12-07 Betriebsgerät und Verfahren zum Betreiben von Gasentladungslampen

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1670294A2 EP1670294A2 (de) 2006-06-14
EP1670294A3 EP1670294A3 (de) 2006-11-02
EP1670294B1 true EP1670294B1 (de) 2008-03-19

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ID=36010986

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05025754A Not-in-force EP1670294B1 (de) 2004-12-07 2005-11-25 Betriebsgerät und Verfahren zum Betreiben von Gasentladungslampen

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US7248000B2 (ko)
EP (1) EP1670294B1 (ko)
JP (1) JP4915643B2 (ko)
KR (1) KR101234165B1 (ko)
CN (1) CN1802060B (ko)
AT (1) ATE390033T1 (ko)
CA (1) CA2529264C (ko)
DE (2) DE102004058921A1 (ko)
TW (1) TW200629981A (ko)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005058222A1 (de) * 2005-12-06 2007-06-14 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Verfahren zur Fehlerdetektion beim Betrieb von Hochdruckentladungslampen an EVGs
WO2020138067A1 (ja) * 2018-12-25 2020-07-02 富士フイルム富山化学株式会社 ピラジン誘導体と細胞内におけるピラジン誘導体リボース三リン酸体の量を増加させる化合物とを組み合わせてなるｒｎａウイルス感染症治療剤

Family Cites Families (18)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH03138894A (ja) 1989-10-23 1991-06-13 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 放電灯点灯装置
DE4015398A1 (de) * 1990-05-14 1991-11-21 Hella Kg Hueck & Co Verfahren und einrichtung zum starten einer hochdruckgasentladungslampe in kraftfahrzeugen
JP2842489B2 (ja) * 1992-01-27 1999-01-06 三菱電機株式会社 高圧放電灯点灯装置
DE69315625T2 (de) * 1992-06-30 1998-07-16 Toshiba Lighting & Technology Umrichterschaltung und Beleuchtungsgerät für eine elektrodenlose Entladungslampe mit solch einer Umrichterschaltung
JP3460268B2 (ja) * 1993-10-06 2003-10-27 Ｔｄｋ株式会社 放電ランプ点灯装置
JPH07235387A (ja) * 1994-02-24 1995-09-05 Hitachi Ltd 放電灯点灯装置
TW339496B (en) 1994-06-22 1998-09-01 Philips Electronics Nv Method and circuit arrangement for operating a high-pressure discharge lamp
JP3606909B2 (ja) * 1994-07-12 2005-01-05 三菱電機株式会社 交流放電灯点灯装置
IT1276474B1 (it) * 1995-07-06 1997-10-31 Magneti Marelli Climat Srl Dispositivo di controllo per una lampada a scarica di gas
DE19534864A1 (de) * 1995-09-20 1997-03-27 Bosch Gmbh Robert Steuergerät für den schnellen Lichtanlauf einer Hochdruck-Gasentladungslampe
US6094017A (en) * 1997-12-02 2000-07-25 Power Circuit Innovations, Inc. Dimming ballast and drive method for a metal halide lamp using a frequency controlled loosely coupled transformer
DE69902379T2 (de) * 1998-04-21 2003-03-20 Power Circuit Innovations Inc Vorschaltgerät mit helligkeitssteuerung und regelverfahren für lampen unter verwendung eines frequenzgeregelten streufeldtransformators
GB2360150B (en) * 2000-03-10 2002-02-20 Microlights Ltd Improvements in and relating to high intensity discharge lighting
JP2002175893A (ja) * 2000-12-07 2002-06-21 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 放電灯点灯装置
JP4050474B2 (ja) * 2001-02-26 2008-02-20 株式会社小糸製作所 放電灯点灯回路
JP3852299B2 (ja) * 2001-05-11 2006-11-29 ウシオ電機株式会社 光源装置
JP2003347078A (ja) * 2002-05-24 2003-12-05 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd 放電灯点灯装置
JP4186578B2 (ja) * 2002-10-09 2008-11-26 ウシオ電機株式会社 高圧放電ランプ点灯装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2006164986A (ja) 2006-06-22
CN1802060B (zh) 2010-09-29
EP1670294A2 (de) 2006-06-14
DE102004058921A1 (de) 2006-06-08
DE502005003295D1 (de) 2008-04-30
CA2529264C (en) 2015-08-11
KR20060063734A (ko) 2006-06-12
TW200629981A (en) 2006-08-16
ATE390033T1 (de) 2008-04-15
CN1802060A (zh) 2006-07-12
CA2529264A1 (en) 2006-06-07
US20060119284A1 (en) 2006-06-08
JP4915643B2 (ja) 2012-04-11
KR101234165B1 (ko) 2013-02-18
US7248000B2 (en) 2007-07-24
EP1670294A3 (de) 2006-11-02

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