Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
  • D21H17/71—Mixtures of material ; Pulp or paper comprising several different materials not incorporated by special processes
  • D21H17/74—Mixtures of material ; Pulp or paper comprising several different materials not incorporated by special processes of organic and inorganic material
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
  • D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
  • D21H21/16—Sizing or water-repelling agents
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
  • D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
  • D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
  • D21H17/14—Carboxylic acids; Derivatives thereof
  • D21H17/15—Polycarboxylic acids, e.g. maleic acid
  • D21H17/16—Addition products thereof with hydrocarbons
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
  • D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
  • D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
  • D21H17/17—Ketenes, e.g. ketene dimers
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
  • D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
  • D21H17/21—Macromolecular organic compounds of natural origin; Derivatives thereof
  • D21H17/23—Lignins
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
  • D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
  • D21H17/21—Macromolecular organic compounds of natural origin; Derivatives thereof
  • D21H17/24—Polysaccharides
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
  • D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
  • D21H17/21—Macromolecular organic compounds of natural origin; Derivatives thereof
  • D21H17/24—Polysaccharides
  • D21H17/28—Starch
  • D21H17/29—Starch cationic
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
  • D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
  • D21H17/66—Salts, e.g. alums

Definitions

• the composition comprises a ketene dimer or ketene multimer of Formula I: where n is an integer of from 0 to about 20, R and R 2 are the same or different and are saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbyl groups having from about 6 to about 24 carbon atoms, and R 1 is a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbyl group having from about 2 to about 40 carbon atoms.
• n has a value of from 0 to about 6; more preferably, n is from 0 to about 3; and most preferably, wherein n is 0.
• R may be a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbyl group having from about 10 to 20 carbon atoms; preferably, R is a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbyl group having from about 14 to 16 carbon atoms.
• R 2 is preferably a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbyl group having from about 10 to 20 carbon atoms; more preferably, R 2 is a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbyl group having from about 14 to 16 carbon atoms.
• R 1 is a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbyl group having from about 4 to 20 carbon atoms.
• the anionic dispersant may comprise polymeric dispersant containing sulfate or sulfonate.
• anionic dispersants include formaldehyde condensate of sodium naphthalene sulfonate, formaldehyde condensate of sodium alkylnaphthalene sulfonate, formaldehyde condensate of sodium phenol sulfonate, formaldehyde condensate of sodium phenol sulfate, and lignosulfonate, which preferably comprises sodium lignosulfonate.
• an aqueous composition comprising at least one of ketene dimer and ketene multimer, dispersant system comprising modified sodium lignosulfonate and cationically modified starch, and aluminum sulfate.
• the third criterion is separation, which is measured as the total bottom solid of the aqueous composition.
• the bottom total solid (BTS%) should not change more than 20% within two weeks at 25°C aging. More preferably, the bottom total solid does not change more than 15%, more preferably not more than 10%, and most preferably not more than 5%.
• Preferable cellulose-reactive sizes include, but are not limited to, ketene dimers and multimers such as alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) and alkenyl ketene dimer; alkenyl succinic anhydride (ASA); stearic anhydride; organic epoxides containing from about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms; acyl halides containing from about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms; fatty acid anhydrides from fatty acids containing from about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms; and organic isocyanates containing from about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms.
• ketene dimers and multimers such as alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) and alkenyl ketene dimer; alkenyl succinic anhydride (ASA); stearic anhydride; organic epoxides containing from about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms; acyl halides containing from about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms;
• ketene dimer comprises (a) octyl, decyl, dodecyl, tetradecyl, hexadecyl, octadecyl, eicosyl, docosyl, tetracosyl, phenyl, benzyl, ⁇ -naphthyl, and cyclohexyl ketene dimers, and/or (b) ketene dimers prepared from organic acids such as one or more of montanic acid, naphthenic acid, 9, 10-decylenic acid, 9, 10-dodecylenic acid, palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, ricinoleic acid, linoleic acid, eleostearic acid, naturally occurring mixtures of fatty acids found in coconut oil, babassu oil, palm kemel oil, palm oil, olive oil, peanut oil, rape oil, beef tallow, lard, whale blubber
• ketene dimer is selected from the group consisting of octyl, decyl, dodecyl, tetradecyl, hexadecyl, octadecyl, eicosyl, docosyl, tetracosyl, phenyl, benzyl, ⁇ -naphthyl, and cyclohexyl ketene dimers.
• Non-ionic dispersants include, but are not limited to, any water soluble non-ionic polymers such as starches and polyethylene oxides.
• the secondary dispersant preferably comprises cationically modified starch.
• compositions of the present invention comprise a salt, which is preferably an inorganic salt.
• the salt is a compound that improves dewatering.
• Preferred inorganic salts perform this function, although the inorganic salt may perform other functions in the composition as well.
• the inorganic salt(s) may also act to improve retention of the sizing agents.
• the amount of aluminum element, when present, may be expressed as a percentage of the weight of cellulose-reactive size used.
• the aluminum element is present in an amount greater than about 0.2 wt%, more preferably greater than about 0.4 wt%, more preferably greater than about 1.5 wt%, more preferably greater than about 3 wt%, more preferably greater than about 4.4 wt%, more preferably greater than about 5.5 wt%, and most preferably greater than about 6 wt% of the weight of the cellulose-reactive size.
• an amount of an element which is "greater than,” or “less than,” an amount of aluminum is that amount which is greater than, or less than, using the foregoing conversions.
• an amount of calcium, magnesium, or barium, which is greater than X wt% aluminum is determined using the foregoing conversions. Briefly, this would entail determining the number of grams of aluminum in X wt% aluminum. From the number of grams of aluminum, a simple conversion is performed to determine an amount of calcium, magnesium, or barium greater than X wt% aluminum.
• An AKD sizing dispersion was prepared as follows. 5.6 g of an unmodified sodium lignosulfonate containing about 6% sulfonate sulfur (Norlig 12F® Lignotech, USA Inc., WI), and 1269.2 g water were added to a jet cooker. Stirring was performed until the Norlig 12F® was completely dissolved. 55.8 g of a cationic starch (Sta Lok 169®, A. E. Staley Mfg. Co., IL), was added to the cooker. The cooker was steam-heated to 95°C for 60 minutes and stirring was applied inside the cooker during the cooking. The mixture formed is a mixed dispersant system.
• AKD sizing dispersions made with sodium lignosulfonate exhibiting a relatively high hydrophobicity were prepared as follows. 5.6 g of a sodium lignosulfonate containing about 3.6 wt% sulfonate sulfur (Dynasperse LCD®, Lignotech USA, Incorporated, in Wisconsin), and 1269.2 g water were added to a jet cooker. Stirring was performed until the Dynasperse LCD® was completely dissolved. 55.8 g of cationic starch (Sta Lok 169®, A.E. Staley Mfg. Co., Illinois), was added to the cooker.
• AKD sizing dispersion (II) was prepared by adding 445.6 g of a 48.5 % alum solution sold by General Chemical Corp. (NJ) while stirring.
• AKD sizing dispersion (III) was prepared by adding 222.8 g of the alum solution and dispersion (IV) was prepared by adding 89.1 g of the alum solution.
• Sizing dispersion (V) was made similarly to the dispersion (II) except that no Dynasperse LCD® was added.
• Sizing dispersion (VI) was made similar to the dispersion (II) except that no cationic starches were added.

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• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Paper (AREA)
• Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

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• 2000
  • 2000-04-12 BR BRPI0017209-0A patent/BR0017209B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2000-04-12 KR KR1020027013666A patent/KR100648124B1/ko active IP Right Grant
  • 2000-04-12 AT AT00923270T patent/ATE339550T1/de active
  • 2000-04-12 CA CA002405765A patent/CA2405765C/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-04-12 JP JP2002536138A patent/JP4748922B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2000-04-12 MX MXPA02009957A patent/MXPA02009957A/es active IP Right Grant
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  • 2000-04-12 WO PCT/US2000/009762 patent/WO2002033172A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 2000-04-12 PT PT00923270T patent/PT1272708E/pt unknown
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