EP1658962B1 - Presse à postes multiples - Google Patents
Presse à postes multiples Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1658962B1 EP1658962B1 EP20040027235 EP04027235A EP1658962B1 EP 1658962 B1 EP1658962 B1 EP 1658962B1 EP 20040027235 EP20040027235 EP 20040027235 EP 04027235 A EP04027235 A EP 04027235A EP 1658962 B1 EP1658962 B1 EP 1658962B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- insert
- press according
- movement
- multistage press
- press
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D43/00—Feeding, positioning or storing devices combined with, or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, apparatus for working or processing sheet metal, metal tubes or metal profiles; Associations therewith of cutting devices
- B21D43/02—Advancing work in relation to the stroke of the die or tool
- B21D43/04—Advancing work in relation to the stroke of the die or tool by means in mechanical engagement with the work
- B21D43/05—Advancing work in relation to the stroke of the die or tool by means in mechanical engagement with the work specially adapted for multi-stage presses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T83/00—Cutting
- Y10T83/869—Means to drive or to guide tool
- Y10T83/8821—With simple rectilinear reciprocating motion only
- Y10T83/8824—With provision for dynamic balance
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T83/00—Cutting
- Y10T83/869—Means to drive or to guide tool
- Y10T83/8821—With simple rectilinear reciprocating motion only
- Y10T83/8841—Tool driver movable relative to tool support
- Y10T83/8843—Cam or eccentric revolving about fixed axis
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a multi-stage press according to the preamble of independent claim 1 and the use of this press for the production of lids for beverage cans.
- a first aspect of the invention relates to a multi-stage press with a machine-fixed platen and a platen opposite and operating against the platen.
- an insert is arranged, which serves to receive a tool and is connected to such drive means, for example with a servomotor or driven by the press drive cardan shaft, that in response to a movement of the press ram alternately in the direction of the press ram is movable to and from this.
- the insert and the drive means in both directions of movement are positively connected with each other, which is done with arranged therebetween coupling means which convert the rotating rotational drive movement of the drive means in the up and down movement of the insert by at least one circumferential rotating on a rotating component of the coupling means Guide surface is tapped with picking means.
- separate Abgreifsch are available for both directions of movement, ie both for the Aufals and for the Abonia. This makes it possible to provide multi-stage presses which can be operated at high stroke rates while providing excellent precision of motion.
- the picking means for both Bewegüngscardien are biased against each other, so that they tap under pretension the at least one guide surface. This makes it possible to perform the conversion of the rotary drive movement in the up and down movement without play, which can be further increased precision.
- the at least one guide surface formed by a cam or a cam wherein it is also preferred if the picking means are designed as tapping rollers.
- tapping rollers are mounted for both directions of movement in a common component, as this additional games are avoided and it is also possible in a simple manner to bias the tapping rollers of the two directions of movement against each other, for. by their bearings are coupled via clamping screws with each other.
- tapping rollers stored in a common lever, preferably in the region of one end of the lever, wherein the lever is mounted in the press frame and operatively connected to the insert that provided by the tapping force with a gear ratio greater than one on the mission is transmitted, so very large lifting forces can be provided on the insert.
- the position of the storage of the common lever can be adjusted in the press frame, so that a compensation of manufacturing tolerances is possible.
- the insert has a longitudinal extent in the direction of passage of the press, which is at least half, preferably at least two-thirds of the longitudinal extent of the clamping plate. This results in the possibility of arranging a plurality of identical tools on the insert and thus produce a corresponding number of products per press stroke.
- the insert is plate-shaped, preferably substantially rectangular, so that it is as universal as possible with tools can be equipped and at the same time forms a stable structure.
- the axis of rotation of the component of the coupling means which provides the at least one circumferential guide surface, and thus also the axis of rotation of this guide surface, arranged parallel to the direction of travel of the press, whereby it is possible, in the direction of passage a plurality of coupling arrangements with guide surfaces and Abgreifschn along a single shaft strand to arrange and thereby coupling with each other without play.
- the insert is guided linearly by means of guide means, which is accomplished in embodiments with tapping rollers mounted in a common lever with advantage in that the guide means comprise at least one guide column guided in an upper and in a lower linear bearing and the lever in the Area between the two linear bearings on the guide column attacks. This results in a particularly robust construction.
- the multi-stage press has a plurality of identical coupling means or arrangements with guide surfaces and gripping means, such as e.g. a plurality of cam sections, which are seen over the extension of the insert at several locations, preferably at exactly two locations, and advantageously in the direction of travel of the press are arranged one behind the other and are connected to the insert, so relatively long operations can be realized without the risk a tilt exists.
- guide surfaces and gripping means such as e.g. a plurality of cam sections
- the former variant has the advantage of a mechanically synchronized coupling and the latter the advantage of a simple adaptation to existing plants.
- the propeller shaft or the servomotor is coupled via a reduction gear to the component providing the at least one guide surface, the torque applied to the propeller shaft or servomotor is reduced, as a result of which the torsional load of the components involved can be reduced.
- a second aspect of the invention relates to the use of the multi-stage press according to the first aspect of the invention set out above for the production of lids for beverage cans. In such use, the advantages of the invention become particularly apparent.
- FIGS. 1a to 1d show a front view of the press as well as various sections through the machine bed 11 of the press.
- the press has a press ram 2 which can be moved intermittently up and down with the press drive (not shown) for performing punching and / or forming work with a tool (not shown) attached thereto.
- the plunger 2 is arranged opposite a machine-fixed clamping plate 1, within which an insert plate 3 is arranged.
- the insert plate 3 is guided vertically displaceably in the machine bed 11 with two guided in each case in upper and lower linear bearings 12 guide columns 13 and can be moved in response to movement of the plunger 3 on this and away from this, for generating a plunger movement superimposed movement of on the insert plate 3 attached tool elements (not shown).
- the driving of the insert plate 3 takes place in that drive energy is provided by the main press motor via a propeller shaft 4, which is then fed via an angle reduction gear 14 and a torsionally rigid metal disc clutch 18 of a parallel to the direction of passage D of the press camshaft 15, the cam 5 then move the lever 3 connected to the insert 3 back and forth and thereby raise the insert 3 and lower.
- the camshaft 15 is mounted in several, each designed as exchangeable units bearings 18 in the machine bed 11 and each has two cam sections, each consisting of two wider lift cam 5 and a narrower Absenknocke 5 arranged therebetween.
- the cam track 8a each Hubnocke 5 is of two Lifting rollers 6 tapped while the cam track 8b of the Absenknocke 5 is tapped by a single Absenkrolle 7.
- the lifting and lowering rollers 6, 7 of each cam section are mounted on one end of a lever 9 and biased against each other so that they tap the cam tracks 8a, 8b under bias.
- lever 9 At the other end of the lever 9 is articulated via a tab 16 on a machine-fixed hinge 10, which is used as a removable insert in the machine bed 11 and whose position is adjustable by means of an eccentric. Between its two ends of the lever 9 is coupled via pins 17 with the associated guide column 13, so that the tapping movement when tapping the guideways 8a, 8b performed by the lever 9 in a purely translational up and down movement of the guide column 13 and carried by this insert plate 3 is implemented.
- Fig. 2 shows a vertical section in the direction of passage D through the machine bed 11 of a second inventive multi-stage press, which differs from that shown in Fig. 1 essentially differs in that only one centrally located in the machine bed 11 cam section is present, which here, however, three lift cams 5 and two Absenknocken 5 has, whereby here too the cam track 8a each lifting cam 5 is tapped by two lifting rollers 6 and the cam track 8b each Absenknocke 5 of a single Absenkrolle. 7
- Fig. 3 shows a vertical section transverse to the direction of passage D through the machine bed 11 of a third inventive multi-stage press, which differs from the two types shown above substantially in that the lifting and lowering rollers 6, 7 are mounted directly in the guide column 13 and so can be dispensed with a lever. Also, only one cam 5 is present here per cam section, whose cam track 8 is tapped off both by the lifting roller 6 and by the lowering roller 7.
- rollers 6, 7 are used as the picking means according to the claims in the present examples, it is also contemplated that other picking means, e.g. Use levers with sliding surfaces.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
Claims (19)
- Presse à étages multiples comprenant une plaque de fixation (1) fixée à la machine et comprenant un piston de presse (2) opposé à la plaque de fixation (1) et fonctionnant contre celle-ci, un insert (3) étant disposé à l'intérieur de la plaque de fixation (1), lequel est en liaison fonctionnelle avec des moyens d'entraînement (4) de telle sorte qu'il peut être déplacé par les moyens d'entraînement (4) en fonction d'un déplacement du piston de presse (2) en alternance en direction du piston de presse (2) et en s'éloignant de celui-ci, un accouplement par coopération de formes aux moyens d'entraînement (4) étant présent dans les deux directions de déplacement, et des moyens de couplage (5, 6, 7) étant disposés entre les moyens d'entraînement (4) et l'insert (3), lesquels sont conçus pour convertir un déplacement d'entraînement rotatif circulaire des moyens d'entraînement (4) en déplacement de l'insert (3), en ce qu'au moins une surface de guidage circulaire (8, 8a, 8b) est prélevée par des moyens de prélèvement (6, 7) sur un composant (5) tournant de manière circulaire des moyens de couplage (4), caractérisée en ce que des moyens de prélèvement (6, 7) séparés sont présents pour chacune des deux directions de déplacement.
- Presse à étages multiples selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de prélèvement (6, 7) sont précontraints l'un par rapport à l'autre pour les deux directions de déplacement, de telle sorte qu'ils prélèvent la surface de guidage (8, 8a, 8b) sous l'action de la précontrainte.
- Presse à étages multiples selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que des surfaces de guidage séparées (8a, 8b) sont présentes pour chacune des deux directions de déplacement.
- Presse à étages multiples selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'on dispose d'un plus grand nombre de moyens de prélèvement (6) pour la direction de déplacement de l'insert (3) en allant vers le piston de presse (2) que pour la direction de déplacement de celui-ci s'éloignant du piston de presse (3).
- Presse à étages multiples selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la au moins une surface de guidage (8, 8a, 8b) est formée par une came (5) ou un disque à came.
- Presse à étages multiples selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de prélèvement (6, 7) sont conçus comme des rouleaux de prélèvement (6, 7).
- Presse à étages multiples selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que les rouleaux de prélèvement (6, 7) pour les deux directions de déplacement sont logés dans un composant (9) commun.
- Presse à étages multiples selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que les rouleaux de prélèvement (6, 7) sont logés dans un levier (9) commun, en particulier dans la zone d'une extrémité du levier (9), et en ce que le levier (9) est en liaison fonctionnelle avec un point (10) fixé sur la machine du bâti de machine (11) et avec l'insert (3) de telle sorte qu'une force mise à disposition par les rouleaux de prélèvement (6, 7) avec un rapport de transmission supérieur à un est transférée sur l'insert (3).
- Presse à étages multiples selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que le point (10) fixé à la machine est conçu de manière réglable.
- Presse à étages multiples selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'insert (3) comprend une extension longitudinale dans la direction de passage (D) de la presse, laquelle mesure au moins la moitié, en particulier au moins les deux tiers de l'extension de la plaque de fixation (1) dans cette direction (D).
- Presse à étages multiples selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'insert (3) est conçu en forme de plaque, et en particulier, en ce que celui-ci est sensiblement rectangulaire.
- Presse à étages multiples selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'axe de rotation du composant (5) des moyens de couplage, lequel met à disposition au moins une surface de guidage circulaire (8, 8a, 8b), est disposé parallèlement à la direction de passage (D) de la presse.
- Presse à étages multiples selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'insert (3) est guidé linéairement au moyen de moyens de guidage (12, 13).
- Presse à étages multiples selon la revendication 8 et selon la revendication 13, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de guidage (12, 13) comprennent au moins une colonne de guidage (13) guidée dans un palier linéaire supérieur et un palier linéaire inférieur (12) et le levier (9) est en liaison fonctionnelle avec la colonne de guidage (13) dans la zone située entre les deux paliers linéaires (12).
- Presse à étages multiples selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la presse dispose de plusieurs moyens de couplage (5, 6, 7) identiques, lesquels sont en liaison fonctionnelle avec l'insert (3) par l'intermédiaire de l'extension de l'insert (3), vue en plusieurs endroits, en particulier en précisément deux endroits.
- Presse à étages multiples selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que tous les éléments des moyens de couplage (5, 6, 7) nécessaires pour convertir le déplacement d'entraînement rotatif en déplacement de l'insert (3) sont intégrés dans le bâti de machine (11).
- Presse à étages multiples selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que pour mettre à disposition le déplacement d'entraînement rotatif pour les moyens de couplage (5, 6, 7), un arbre de transmission (4) relié à l'entraînement de presse ou un servomoteur est présent.
- Presse à étages multiples selon la revendication 17, caractérisée en ce que l'arbre de transmission (4) ou le servomoteur est couplé par un démultiplicateur (14) au composant (5) mettant à disposition la au moins une surface de guidage (8, 8a, 8b) .
- Utilisation de la presse à étages multiples selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes pour la fabrication de couvercles de canettes.
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP20040027235 EP1658962B1 (fr) | 2004-11-17 | 2004-11-17 | Presse à postes multiples |
ES04027235T ES2293150T3 (es) | 2004-11-17 | 2004-11-17 | Prensa multietapa. |
AT04027235T ATE373561T1 (de) | 2004-11-17 | 2004-11-17 | Mehrstufenpresse |
DE200450005039 DE502004005039D1 (de) | 2004-11-17 | 2004-11-17 | Mehrstufenpresse |
US11/252,208 US7637138B2 (en) | 2004-11-17 | 2005-10-17 | Multistage press |
JP2005321294A JP5116964B2 (ja) | 2004-11-17 | 2005-11-04 | 多段プレス機 |
SG200508506A SG122970A1 (en) | 2004-11-17 | 2005-11-10 | Multistage press |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP20040027235 EP1658962B1 (fr) | 2004-11-17 | 2004-11-17 | Presse à postes multiples |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1658962A1 EP1658962A1 (fr) | 2006-05-24 |
EP1658962B1 true EP1658962B1 (fr) | 2007-09-19 |
Family
ID=34927416
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20040027235 Not-in-force EP1658962B1 (fr) | 2004-11-17 | 2004-11-17 | Presse à postes multiples |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7637138B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1658962B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP5116964B2 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE373561T1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE502004005039D1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2293150T3 (fr) |
SG (1) | SG122970A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102007015467B4 (de) * | 2007-03-30 | 2015-02-05 | Wilhelm Settele | Kurvengetriebe mit zwei Abnahmerollen, Verfahren zur Herstellung eines derartigen Kurvengetriebes, Programm zur Durchführung der Schritte des Verfahrens, sowie Stanz-Biege-Maschine mit einem solchen Kurvengetriebe |
DE202007015149U1 (de) * | 2007-10-30 | 2008-03-27 | Bögle, Michael | Stanzautomat |
CN113976755B (zh) * | 2021-11-01 | 2024-10-18 | 台州市华熠冲件有限公司 | 一种用于转子冲片的冲压生产装置及其生产工艺 |
Family Cites Families (34)
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US4238950A (en) | 1979-04-09 | 1980-12-16 | Gulf & Western Manufacturing Company | Bolster arrangement for opposed slide double acting press |
JPS5853395A (ja) * | 1981-09-27 | 1983-03-29 | Tazawa Makoto | 油空圧を併用したカムプレス |
US4587826A (en) | 1984-05-01 | 1986-05-13 | Redicon Corporation | Container end panel forming method and apparatus |
GB2176740B (en) * | 1985-06-14 | 1988-11-16 | Sankyo Mfg | Press machine |
DE3541387A1 (de) | 1985-11-22 | 1987-05-27 | Netzsch Maschinenfabrik | Presse zum herstellen von formlingen aus pulver- oder granulatfoermigen werkstoffen |
US4881397A (en) | 1987-02-09 | 1989-11-21 | Formatec Tooling Systems, Inc. | Air conveyor for removing parts from a high speed forming press |
US4741196A (en) | 1987-02-09 | 1988-05-03 | Formatec Tooling Systems, Inc. | Air conveyor and method for removing parts from a high speed forming press |
US4945742A (en) | 1987-08-27 | 1990-08-07 | The Minster Machine Company | Monitorable and compensatable feedback tool and control system for a press |
JPH0241800A (ja) | 1988-08-02 | 1990-02-09 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | 下部複動プレス |
JPH0259197A (ja) | 1988-08-25 | 1990-02-28 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | 複動プレス |
US4966028A (en) | 1988-11-14 | 1990-10-30 | Kabushiki Kaisha Sakamurakikai Seisakusho | Multi-stage cold forging machine |
US4955223A (en) | 1989-01-17 | 1990-09-11 | Formatec Tooling Systems, Inc. | Method and apparatus for forming a can shell |
CN1045933A (zh) | 1989-03-29 | 1990-10-10 | 悦顺工业有限公司 | 深冲(拉)用冲压机 |
DE4028920A1 (de) | 1989-09-12 | 1991-03-14 | Mueller Weingarten Maschf | Mechanische oder hydraulische presse mit zieheinrichtung oder ziehstufe einer stufenpresse |
JPH0832376B2 (ja) | 1990-08-29 | 1996-03-29 | 東洋製罐株式会社 | ダブルアクションプレス装置 |
DE4123512A1 (de) | 1991-07-16 | 1993-01-21 | Aatec Assembling Automations T | Werkzeugmaschine mit kurvengetriebe, insbesondere zum stanzen und formen der anschlussbeinchen von integrierten schaltkreisen |
CH684394A5 (de) | 1991-12-11 | 1994-09-15 | Bruderer Ag | Einwellen-Stanzpresse. |
GB9206526D0 (en) | 1992-03-25 | 1992-05-06 | Komage Gellner & Co | Press apparatus |
JPH06170590A (ja) | 1992-07-21 | 1994-06-21 | Iwai Tekkosho:Kk | 複動プレス装置 |
US5857374A (en) * | 1993-03-12 | 1999-01-12 | Stodd; Ralph P. | Method and apparatus for forming a can shell |
RU2043928C1 (ru) | 1993-03-22 | 1995-09-20 | Акционерное общество "Барнаульский завод механических прессов" | Пресс двойного действия |
US5605096A (en) * | 1993-08-25 | 1997-02-25 | Sankyo Seisakusho | Mechanical pressing machine with dynamic balancing device |
JPH07116897A (ja) * | 1993-10-26 | 1995-05-09 | Sankyo Seisakusho:Kk | 機械式プレス装置 |
JP3545853B2 (ja) * | 1995-06-19 | 2004-07-21 | 株式会社三共製作所 | 機械式プレス装置 |
DE19535949A1 (de) * | 1995-09-27 | 1997-04-03 | Krauss Maffei Ag | Maschine zum Stanzen, Biegen und Montieren von Blechteilen |
US5996392A (en) * | 1995-09-27 | 1999-12-07 | Krauss-Maffei Ag | Machine for stamping, bending and assembly of sheet metal parts |
US5852970A (en) | 1995-11-27 | 1998-12-29 | The Minster Machine Company | Underdrive opposing action press |
US6000322A (en) * | 1998-01-30 | 1999-12-14 | Verson | Transfer press die support |
JP2000140952A (ja) | 1998-11-04 | 2000-05-23 | Minster Mach Co:The | 複動式プレス |
DE19916369B4 (de) * | 1999-04-13 | 2005-06-09 | Harald Garth | Maschine zum Stanzen, Biegen und/oder Montieren von Blechteilen |
US6477945B1 (en) | 1999-09-07 | 2002-11-12 | Aida Engineering, Ltd. | Double-action mechanical press |
DE19963063B4 (de) * | 1999-12-22 | 2006-12-14 | Müller Weingarten AG | Transferpressenanlage |
JP4512236B2 (ja) | 2000-06-26 | 2010-07-28 | 株式会社三共製作所 | カム装置およびこれを用いたピックアンドプレース装置 |
JP4398177B2 (ja) * | 2003-05-23 | 2010-01-13 | 株式会社三共製作所 | 機械式プレス装置 |
-
2004
- 2004-11-17 DE DE200450005039 patent/DE502004005039D1/de active Active
- 2004-11-17 EP EP20040027235 patent/EP1658962B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
- 2004-11-17 AT AT04027235T patent/ATE373561T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-11-17 ES ES04027235T patent/ES2293150T3/es active Active
-
2005
- 2005-10-17 US US11/252,208 patent/US7637138B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-11-04 JP JP2005321294A patent/JP5116964B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-11-10 SG SG200508506A patent/SG122970A1/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7637138B2 (en) | 2009-12-29 |
JP2006142381A (ja) | 2006-06-08 |
EP1658962A1 (fr) | 2006-05-24 |
ATE373561T1 (de) | 2007-10-15 |
ES2293150T3 (es) | 2008-03-16 |
US20060101892A1 (en) | 2006-05-18 |
JP5116964B2 (ja) | 2013-01-09 |
DE502004005039D1 (de) | 2007-10-31 |
SG122970A1 (en) | 2006-06-29 |
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