EP1655622B1 - Capteur - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP1655622B1
EP1655622B1 EP05023185A EP05023185A EP1655622B1 EP 1655622 B1 EP1655622 B1 EP 1655622B1 EP 05023185 A EP05023185 A EP 05023185A EP 05023185 A EP05023185 A EP 05023185A EP 1655622 B1 EP1655622 B1 EP 1655622B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sensor
delay
contrast
stage
accordance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP05023185A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1655622A1 (fr
Inventor
Bahram Dr. Torabi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sick AG
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Sick AG
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Publication of EP1655622A1 publication Critical patent/EP1655622A1/fr
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Publication of EP1655622B1 publication Critical patent/EP1655622B1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D5/00—Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D5/20—Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting with interrelated action between the cutting member and work feed
    • B26D5/30—Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting with interrelated action between the cutting member and work feed having the cutting member controlled by scanning a record carrier
    • B26D5/34—Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting with interrelated action between the cutting member and work feed having the cutting member controlled by scanning a record carrier scanning being effected by a photosensitive device

Definitions

  • a high spatial resolution is desired, which means in concrete terms that should be recognized as accurately as possible, at which time a mark to be detected is located at a defined position in the field of view of the sensor.
  • sensors are operated with the highest possible switching or sampling frequency, so that it is possible to check as often as possible per unit of time whether the marking to be detected is located at the named position.
  • Said high switching or sampling frequency is limited by the respective available technology, so that in a corresponding manner, the achievable spatial resolution is limited.
  • N consecutive comparison results are used to decide whether an indication signal is to be output, a signal delivery can only take place after the N comparisons have been carried out, which means that the marking then no longer exists locally X M0 , but already located at location X MN .
  • X MN X NOT A WORD + N ⁇ T ⁇ s + T dead ⁇ V M
  • the time T tot represents thereby the sum of the times, which are needed for the processing of the detection signal and for the triggering of an indication signal.
  • X MN X NOT A WORD + N + 1 ⁇ T ⁇ s + T dead ⁇ V M
  • the markers do not always move at a constant speed V M.
  • the error in the position determination is therefore V Mmax ((N + 1) Ts + Ttot).
  • N 3
  • the mentioned error is then approximately 0.23 mm.
  • the local jitter would be in this case according to the above explanations 0.05 mm, so that a total error of 0.28 mm could result, which is quite disturbing for certain applications.
  • DE 33 31 982 A1 discloses a sensor having sensor elements for outputting a detection signal, comparison means for comparing the detection signal with a threshold value and an indicator stage supplied by the comparison stage for outputting an indication or control signal, the indicator signal being opposite to the threshold value being exceeded by the detection signal is generated delayed by a defined period of time.
  • An object of the invention is to design a sensor of the type mentioned above such that errors in the determination of the location of a marking, for example caused by a non-constant speed of the transport device, are minimized or even completely avoided, in particular without the requirement of Reduction of cycle time Ts.
  • na a delay stage is provided for over the exceeding of the threshold value by the detection signal by a defined period of time T delay delayed application of the indicator level.
  • the basis of the invention is therefore the surprisingly simple realization that in many cases it is in no way necessary to initiate a switching process or to issue an indication signal when a marker reaches the location X M0 in the field of vision of the sensor. Rather, it is often sufficient if a switching or indication signal is issued only when the marker reaches a defined location X Mdelay behind the sensor, wherein it is of course desirable to deliver the switching or indication signal exactly when the called place X Mdelay is achieved.
  • a typical application example, to which the above statement applies is the cutting of paper webs in single sheets, in which a sensor is mounted in the region of a conveyor line in front of the cutting device, which is to recognize, for example, a periodically repeating mark on the paper web, then respectively to do a cut.
  • the detection signal to be evaluated according to the invention can be of different nature. Preferred is the use of a contrast signal, but alternatively, e.g. also get a distance signal used. It would also be possible, for example, to use capacitive or inductive sensors, which ultimately supply capacitance or induction signals as detection signals.
  • the invention provides a unit for determining the contrast change rate.
  • This unit can be designed such that the calculation of the contrast rate of change takes place on the basis of a plurality of contrast values occurring at specific times, the respective times being within a defined relative time reference to one another stand. In this way, it can be determined how much the contrast changes, for example, within a defined period lying between two times, which ultimately corresponds to the contrast change rate.
  • This contrast rate of change is usually directly proportional to the speed at which a marker moves forward, so that the speed of the marker or the speed of conveyance can be deduced from the contrast rate of change.
  • this time interval T delay is preferably calculated inter alia from the previously determined contrast change rate.
  • an extrapolation unit is provided for calculating the contrast profile from the contrast change rate and absolute contrast values.
  • an extrapolation unit is provided for calculating the contrast profile from the contrast change rate and absolute contrast values.
  • the time interval T delay can be calculated with a temporal resolution which corresponds to the clock frequency of a microprocessor performing the calculation.
  • these clock frequencies usually are very high, so a very accurate calculation of the time T delay and, accordingly, the location X Mdelay is possible.
  • the comparison stage provided according to the invention, the indicator stage and the delay stage can be implemented by at least one microprocessor.
  • This microprocessor can also take over the tasks of the unit for determining the contrast change rate, the unit for calculating the period T delay and / or the extrapolation unit for calculating the contrast profile, as required. This ultimately means that all stages and units mentioned above can basically be implemented with a single microprocessor if necessary.
  • the optoelectronic sensor can be designed as a contrast scanner, which can illuminate the markings to be recognized with different transmission colors.
  • the transmission color can then be changed or adjusted in such a way that a maximum contrast value results in each case.
  • a specific, typical for a mark contrast profile for the successive transmission colors are determined, after which it can be checked in real operation, if the respective detected marker has a corresponding profile. In this way, it can be determined whether the detected mark is actually a mark which is of the same type as the mark taught during the teaching phase.
  • the uniqueness of the marker recognition can be increased.
  • the optoelectronic sensor can be designed to detect such properties of a conveyed in the conveying direction A web, especially paper web, which are not provided on the track specifically for their detection by the sensor and on the other hand repeated at successive units.
  • a web especially paper web
  • the optoelectronic sensor can be designed to detect such properties of a conveyed in the conveying direction A web, especially paper web, which are not provided on the track specifically for their detection by the sensor and on the other hand repeated at successive units.
  • Fig. 1 shows a portion of an elongate web 2, which consists of paper and is transported in the conveying direction A.
  • the paper web 2 consists of mutually adjacent, mutually identical units 4.
  • the transition between two adjoining units 4 is each marked with a mark 6, which may for example be designed in the form of a different from the background of the paper web 2 imprint.
  • an optoelectronic sensor 8 is arranged, which is designed as a contrast sensor and which can illuminate the paper web 2 with different colors.
  • a cutting device 10 is provided, by means of which the paper web 2 can be cut perpendicular to the conveying direction A along the markers 6 in separate units 4 or in single sheets.
  • the optoelectronic sensor 8 and the cutting device 10 are coupled via data and control lines to an evaluation unit 12, which may be embodied, for example, as a microprocessor which receives and processes data from the optoelectronic sensor 8 and is furthermore capable of controlling the optoelectronic sensor 8 and the cutting device 10.
  • an evaluation unit 12 which may be embodied, for example, as a microprocessor which receives and processes data from the optoelectronic sensor 8 and is furthermore capable of controlling the optoelectronic sensor 8 and the cutting device 10.
  • the optoelectronic sensor 8 can detect a mark 6 when it is at location XX M0 .
  • the cutting blade of the cutting device 10 performs its cut at the location X Mdelay , wherein X Mdelay is arranged in the conveying direction A behind X M0 . Since the paper web 2 can be transported only with a limited speed V M , it is clear that a certain time elapses until a mark 6 located below the optoelectronic sensor 8 has been transported from the location X M0 so far away from it until the next mark 6 arrives at location X M0 .
  • This time is available to the evaluation unit 12 to calculate when a mark 6 recognized at the location X M0 will be located exactly at the location X Mdelay so that a cutting operation can then be carried out at the latter location exactly when the previously optoelectronic Sensor 8 detected mark 6 located at location X Mdelay .
  • FIG Fig. 2 is based on the assumption that the paper web 2 according to Fig. 1 at constant speed V M moves in the conveying direction A.
  • the optoelectronic sensor 8 provides a contrast signal S, the time course in Fig. 2 is shown as a solid line. When a marker 6 enters the field of view of the optoelectronic sensor 8, this contrast signal increases.
  • the evaluation unit 12 is checked periodically with a cycle time Ts, whether the currently present Contrast value is below or above a predetermined threshold S th1 .
  • the threshold value S th1 is not yet reached at time T 0 .
  • the threshold value S th1 has already been exceeded. Specifically, there is a contrast value S 1 at this time T 1 .
  • T delay S th ⁇ 2 - S 3 / V M
  • the threshold value S th2 was previously determined in the context of a teach process so that it would be reached by the extrapolated waveform at constant Konstra personal ceremoniess- or conveying speed V M , if the first detected at time T 1 marker 6 exactly at location X. Mdelay is located. Consequently, it can be assumed according to the invention that at time T 3 + T delay a marking 6 detected for the first time by the optoelectronic sensor 8 at time T 1 is located exactly below cutting device 10 at location X Mdelay , so that a cut is made at that time can, which runs exactly along the mark 6.
  • the location X Mdelay could also be constantly located anywhere between the location X M0 and the cutter 10. In this case, a delay time would then have to be set for the cutting process, which corresponds to the time required for the marking 6 to be transported from the location X Mdelay to the cutting device 10.
  • the sensor could simply be displaced along the conveying path as long as the conveying direction is constant at a constant conveying speed until the cuts are carried out exactly at the markings 6.
  • a significant advantage of the method described is that in the calculation of the time at which a mark 6 reaches the location X Mdelay , ultimately independent of the concrete present conveyor speed V M.
  • conveying speed V M is namely the difference between S th2 and S 3 correspondingly smaller because at time T 3 the contrast signal has already risen to a higher value. Accordingly, the value for T delay becomes larger.
  • the conveying speed V M is low, the difference between S th2 and S 3 becomes greater, so that T delay ultimately becomes smaller.
  • time delay T delay can be calculated virtually arbitrarily with the described method, since in this calculation it is not bound to the cycle time Ts with respect to the maximum achievable accuracy and since the total time span between T 0 and T 3 + T delay is available. As a result, the Ortjitter the overall arrangement is substantially reduced.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
  • Controlling Sheets Or Webs (AREA)
  • Gyroscopes (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Capteur (8, 12), en particulier capteur optoélectronique pour la reconnaissance de marquages (6) en mouvement, comportant
    - au moins un élément de capteur qui est conçu pour fournir un signal de reconnaissance (S),
    - un étage de comparaison (12) pour comparer le signal de reconnaissance avec une valeur seuil (Sth1, Sth2) et
    - un étage d'indicateur (12) sollicité par l'étage de comparaison (12) pour fournir un signal d'indication,
    dans lequel il est prévu un étage de retard (12) pour solliciter l'étage d'indicateur (12) avec retard à raison d'un intervalle de temps Tdelay défini par rapport au dépassement de la valeur seuil (Sth1, Sth2), par le signal de reconnaissance (S),
    caractérisé en ce que
    le signal de reconnaissance (S) est réalisé en tant que signal représentant une propriété des marquages (6), en particulier en tant que signal de contraste,
    en ce qu'une unité (12) est prévue pour déterminer la vitesse de modification de propriété,
    en ce qu'une unité d'extrapolation (12) est prévue pour calculer le déroulement temporel des valeurs de propriété ou de contraste à partir de la vitesse de modification de propriété et de valeurs de propriété ou de contraste (S1, S3) absolues, et
    en ce que l'étage de comparaison (12) est conçu pour comparer le déroulement extrapolé des valeurs de propriété ou de contraste avec une autre valeur seuil (Sth2).
  2. Capteur selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'unité (12) pour déterminer la vitesse de modification de propriété est conçue de telle sorte que le calcul a lieu sur la base de plusieurs valeurs de propriété ou de contraste se produisant à des instants (T1, T3) déterminés, les instants (T1, T3) respectifs étant en rapport défini les uns par rapport aux autres.
  3. Capteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    une unité (12) est prévue pour calculer l'intervalle de temps Tdelay en fonction de la vitesse de modification de propriété déterminée.
  4. Capteur selon la revendication 3,
    caractérisé en ce que l'intervalle de temps Tdelay peut être calculé avec une résolution temporelle qui correspond à la cadence d'horloge (I/Ts) d'un microprocesseur (12) exécutant le calcul.
  5. Capteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'étage de comparaison, l'étage d'indicateur et l'étage de retard sont mis en oeuvre par au moins un microprocesseur (12) qui comprend en particulier aussi l'unité de détermination de la vitesse de modification de propriété selon la revendication 3, l'unité de calcul de l'intervalle de temps Tdelay selon la revendication 4 et/ou l'unité d'extrapolation selon la revendication 5.
EP05023185A 2004-10-28 2005-10-24 Capteur Active EP1655622B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004052450A DE102004052450A1 (de) 2004-10-28 2004-10-28 Sensor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1655622A1 EP1655622A1 (fr) 2006-05-10
EP1655622B1 true EP1655622B1 (fr) 2008-08-13

Family

ID=35478881

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05023185A Active EP1655622B1 (fr) 2004-10-28 2005-10-24 Capteur

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1655622B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE404892T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE102004052450A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK1655622T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2311189T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009023948B4 (de) * 2009-06-04 2013-05-29 Baumer Innotec Ag Vorrichtung zum Erfassen einer Markierung auf einem flächigen Gegenstand und Verfahren dazu sowie Einrichtung zum Trennen von Abschnitten von einem flächigen Gegenstand
JP6247500B2 (ja) 2013-10-30 2017-12-13 グラフテック株式会社 線分検出装置およびその制御プログラム
EP2940488B1 (fr) * 2014-04-30 2016-05-18 Sick Ag Appareil et procédé pour la détection par moyen optique d'un objet

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3786265A (en) * 1973-02-02 1974-01-15 Lindly Company Inc Apparatus for detecting defects in continuous traveling material
CH656466A5 (de) * 1982-02-15 1986-06-30 Alusuisse Verfahren und vorrichtung zur oberflaechenkontrolle eines werkstoffes.
DE3331982C2 (de) * 1983-09-05 1986-08-14 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Vorrichtung für Druckeinrichtungen zum automatischen, listenweisen Trennen von Faltpapier
JPH08254504A (ja) * 1994-11-29 1996-10-01 Zellweger Luwa Ag 伸長された物体の特性を記録するための方法と装置
US5992973A (en) * 1998-10-20 1999-11-30 Eastman Kodak Company Ink jet printing registered color images

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE404892T1 (de) 2008-08-15
DE502005005005D1 (de) 2008-09-25
ES2311189T3 (es) 2009-02-01
DE102004052450A1 (de) 2006-05-04
DK1655622T3 (da) 2008-09-15
EP1655622A1 (fr) 2006-05-10

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