EP1655540A1 - Régulation limitant le flux de déchets - Google Patents

Régulation limitant le flux de déchets Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1655540A1
EP1655540A1 EP04025933A EP04025933A EP1655540A1 EP 1655540 A1 EP1655540 A1 EP 1655540A1 EP 04025933 A EP04025933 A EP 04025933A EP 04025933 A EP04025933 A EP 04025933A EP 1655540 A1 EP1655540 A1 EP 1655540A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
waste
throughput
garbage
steam power
mdmax
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP04025933A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1655540B1 (fr
Inventor
Josef Mercx
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hitachi Zosen Innova AG
Original Assignee
Von Roll Umwelttechnik AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Von Roll Umwelttechnik AG filed Critical Von Roll Umwelttechnik AG
Priority to AT04025933T priority Critical patent/ATE504784T1/de
Priority to DE502004012378T priority patent/DE502004012378D1/de
Priority to EP04025933A priority patent/EP1655540B1/fr
Priority to US11/258,094 priority patent/US7343866B2/en
Priority to NO20055108A priority patent/NO331234B1/no
Priority to JP2005319616A priority patent/JP4247499B2/ja
Publication of EP1655540A1 publication Critical patent/EP1655540A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1655540B1 publication Critical patent/EP1655540B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/002—Regulating fuel supply using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/24—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements
    • F23N5/242—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
    • F23G2900/55—Controlling; Monitoring or measuring
    • F23G2900/55007—Sensors arranged in waste loading zone, e.g. feed hopper level
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
    • F23G2900/55—Controlling; Monitoring or measuring
    • F23G2900/55008—Measuring produced steam flow rate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2223/00—Signal processing; Details thereof
    • F23N2223/12—Integration

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a waste-throughput limiting control for a fire power control of a waste incineration plant according to claim 1 and a method for operating a waste-throughput limiting control according to claim 11.
  • Waste incineration plants can use a heat output from waste incineration to convert it into electrical energy.
  • the heat of combustion is coupled via heat exchangers with steam generators in steam boilers.
  • the generated steam is directed via a steam distributor to a steam turbine where it serves its drive.
  • As a measure of the steam power produced is generally a steam mass flow in [kg / s] indicated.
  • a method for operating a waste incineration plant is known, for example, from EP-B-0499976.
  • the garbage supply and the primary air supply by means of a uniform generation of heat quantity influenced in the same direction cascade control.
  • the generated amount of steam is detected and serves as the main controlled variable. Strong changes in the quality of the waste and thus the calorific value, which require a change in the operating parameters in the opposite sense, are adequately compensated by this fire performance control accordingly.
  • WO-A-01/25691 a method for waste incineration is described in which this circumstance is taken into account.
  • the manipulated variables waste throughput and air supply to the combustion chamber are influenced.
  • the regulation is carried out in such a way that the waste throughput or the air supply is reduced by a protective element when a predetermined maximum value is exceeded by at least one of the controlled variables.
  • the indirectly recorded waste throughput is a quasi-current instantaneous value.
  • the quasi-current instantaneous value In terms of the whole Dwell time of the waste in the supply and transport through the combustion chamber, which is in the order of 2 h, requires the indirect detection of the quasi-current instantaneous value a strong time-delayed reaction possibility with respect to the loading of the feed system.
  • Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a control unit for a fire power control of a waste incineration plant, which detects the actual waste throughput and thus the feed state and an ongoing, not operationally undesirable overload operation of the waste incineration plant is avoided.
  • the object is achieved by a waste throughput limiting control for a downstream combustion control of a waste incineration plant according to claim 1 and a method for operating a waste flow limiting control according to claim 11.
  • the inventive waste throughput limiting control has an averaging unit, a waste throughput limiting controller and a minimum unit. Starting from at least two input signals, a waste weight applied to a feed system of the waste incineration plant and a predetermined maximum waste throughput, the waste flow limiting control generates an output signal for a steam output setpoint for further processing in a downstream firing power control.
  • the steam power setpoint is adjusted in such a way that at a determined depending on the weight of the garbage averaged waste throughput, which is greater than one of Maximum waste throughput dependent limit value, the Dartpf sossollwert is substantially reduced. As a result, the downstream combustion control will reduce waste throughput.
  • a firing diagram 10, as shown in Fig. 1, forms the basis for the design of a waste incineration plant.
  • the heat output PW generated in the combustion process is represented in the firing diagram 10 as a function of the waste throughput MD.
  • straight lines of calorific values H0, H1, H2 of different waste qualities continue to be entered therein.
  • a hexagonal area surrounds a work area 12 specified for the waste incineration plant, which includes all steady state conditions guaranteed by the manufacturer.
  • the working area 12 is limited by straight lines of a low calorific value H0 and a high calorific value H2, a minimum heat output 14 and maximum heat output 16 and a minimum waste throughput 18 and a maximum waste throughput 20.
  • the heat output PW and the waste throughput MD of a desired operating point in the work area 12 fluctuate due to an inhomogeneous waste quality and due to a discontinuous loading of a feed system.
  • these fluctuations can lead to overload conditions.
  • Short-term overload conditions in the range of minutes usually do not lead to damage for the waste incineration plant.
  • prolonged overload conditions are to be avoided in order to avoid after-effects, such as to avoid material fatigue, damming in the feeding system, unstable fire situation or exceeding of legal regulations.
  • the waste throughput limiting control MBR occurs in the sense of a cascade control as a master controller for the reference variable steam setpoint DS of a downstream fire power control FLR, for example, according to EP-B-0499976 on.
  • FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of a waste throughput limiting control MBR.
  • the material entry that is the loading of waste, takes place with the aid of a gripper 24 of a crane system.
  • the waste is discharged into a hopper, not shown, a hopper and loaded in this way, also not shown dispensing system.
  • a pick-up weight MG picked up by the gripper 24 is determined and transmitted via an electrical signal line to the waste-throughput limiting control MBR.
  • the detection of the garbage weights MG allows a detailed knowledge and analysis of the momentary state of the loading system (loading condition) and allows a targeted intervention to adapt the loading condition with changing garbage composition.
  • this Knowledge of the feed state and including a current steam power value extrapolation of future positions of the operating point and thus future operating conditions possible.
  • the waste throughput limiting control MBR is delimited by a dashed line in FIG. 2 and, in this preferred embodiment, comprises the following units: an averaging unit ME, a waste flow rate limiter MBr and a minimum unit MIN.
  • the units ME, MBr, MIN are hardware and / or software implemented in this embodiment by means of electronic components. Alternatively, however, the units ME, MBr, MIN can also be realized by means of pneumatic components.
  • the averaging unit ME receives as input signal the garbage weights MG of each filled into the hopper garbage.
  • the averaging unit ME determines therefrom over averaging period of 1 h to 5 h, preferably 3.5 h, a moving average of the garbage weights MG, divides this moving average by the averaging period and thereby generates an average garbage throughput gMD.
  • the garbage weights MG are weighted with the folding function 26 shown in dashed lines in FIG.
  • exemplary waste weights MG are shown as a function of time t in the form of bars applied with discrete time intervals.
  • the averaging period ranges from -3.5 h to 0 h, which is 3.5 h.
  • the plotted in Fig. 3 convolution function 26 has a steadily rising from the time 0 h, leading edge in time 28 and a steady from the time - 3 h falling, trailing edge 30 on. Between the leading and trailing edge 28, 30, the folding function 26 is at least almost constant.
  • the averaging period can, of course, be adjusted to specific requirements. Thus, in practice, for example, it proves useful to form a further moving average value over 8 hours, which can be included in the control or is made available to a user as additional information.
  • the convolution function 26 can also be adapted to specific circumstances.
  • the averaging unit ME described above is equivalent to a low-pass filter and can be physically replaced by such a low-pass filter.
  • various parameters can also be adapted to the specific circumstances in the case of a low-pass filter.
  • the average garbage throughput gMD represents a smoothing of the garbage weights MG discretely filled into the hopper.
  • a so-called deadband TB is supplied in addition to the averaged waste throughput gMD.
  • the waste-throughput limiting controller MBr determines a regulated steam power setpoint value DSr. A detailed description of the structure and function of the waste throughput limiting controller MBr is provided in connection with FIG. 4.
  • the minimum unit MIN following the signal flow to the waste-throughput limiting controller MBr receives, in addition to the regulated steam power setpoint value DSr, a steam power setpoint DSh determined manually by the operator and a calculated steam power setpoint DSb.
  • the calculated steam power setpoint value DSb is determined in a steam power calculation unit DLB from at least one calorific value HWh to be entered by the operator on the basis of model calculations.
  • the minimum unit MIN determines the smallest of the three input signals DSr, DSh, DSb and forwards this output signal of the waste-throughput limiting control MBR as a steam power setpoint DS to the downstream fire power control FLR.
  • the fire power control FLR then generates corresponding control values, which influences the loading of the charging system via the gripper 24.
  • FIG. 4 shows a detailed block diagram of the waste throughput limiting controller MBr.
  • the garbage throughput limiting controller MBr has three further input signals not shown in the overview representation: a maximum garbage throughput MDmax, a scaling factor SF and an on / Off switch signal I / O.
  • a differential waste throughput DMD is first determined from the difference between the averaged waste throughput gMD and the maximum waste throughput MDmax in a differential element DG.
  • the differential waste throughput DMD is used together with the deadband TB, as an input signal Deadband adapter TBA supplied.
  • the output signal tDMD DMD-TB is lowered by the amount of the deadband TB.
  • a dash-dotted line 32 in the diagram in Fig. 5 along the Function tDMD DMD entered.
  • the output signal tDMD passes through the stepped and in Fig. 5 consistently thick registered line of the transfer function 34 of the deadband adapter TBA in the reverse direction.
  • the output value tDMD is fed to the PI controller PI-R of known structure and function.
  • a proportional coefficient and a reset time can be set as parameters of the PI controller PI-R but are not separately listed in FIG. 4 as input signals.
  • the input signal tDMD is treated by the PI controller PI-R as a control deviation that is minimized according to the selected parameters.
  • the PI controller increases an output signal ds at a negative control deviation, that is, as long as the average waste throughput gMD is less than the maximum waste throughput MDmax, and reduces the output signal as soon as the control deviation has a positive sign, so the average waste throughput gMD minus the deadband TB exceeds the maximum waste throughput MDmax.
  • the output signal ds of the PI controller PI-R is through Multiplication with the scaling factor SF at a multiplier P in the regulated steam setpoint DSr converted and fed to the subsequent minimum unit MIN.
  • the further input signal I / O makes it possible to switch on or off the automatic operation of the waste-throughput limiting control MBR with the waste-throughput limiting controller MBr.
  • the method for operating the waste throughput limiting control MBR described above comprises at least the step that, starting from at least two input signals, namely the refuse weight MG and the predetermined maximum refuse throughput MDmax, an output signal Dampf amongssollwert DS for further processing in the Feuer insregelung FLR is generated such that at depending on Mine weight MG determined average garbage throughput gMD, which is greater than a maximum dependent on the maximum waste throughput MDmax limit, the steam power setpoint DS is reduced in order to prevent a continuous overload operation of the incinerator.
  • the method preferably includes a further input signal, namely a deadband TB, such that it is greater than the maximum waste throughput MDmax and less than or equal to the limit value resulting from the sum of the maximum values at an average waste throughput gMD Garbage throughput MDmax and the deadband TB results, the steam power setpoint DS (with unchanged manually set and calculated steam power setpoint DSh, DSb) remains constant.
  • the averaged garbage throughput gMD is determined in a previous process step as a moving time average from the garbage weights MG in the averaging unit ME.
EP04025933A 2004-11-02 2004-11-02 Régulation limitant le flux de déchets Not-in-force EP1655540B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT04025933T ATE504784T1 (de) 2004-11-02 2004-11-02 Mülldurchsatz-begrenzungsregelung
DE502004012378T DE502004012378D1 (de) 2004-11-02 2004-11-02 Mülldurchsatz-Begrenzungsregelung
EP04025933A EP1655540B1 (fr) 2004-11-02 2004-11-02 Régulation limitant le flux de déchets
US11/258,094 US7343866B2 (en) 2004-11-02 2005-10-26 Waste-throughput limiting control
NO20055108A NO331234B1 (no) 2004-11-02 2005-11-01 Begrensningskontroll for avfallsgjennomstromning
JP2005319616A JP4247499B2 (ja) 2004-11-02 2005-11-02 ごみの処理量の制限用の制御装置

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04025933A EP1655540B1 (fr) 2004-11-02 2004-11-02 Régulation limitant le flux de déchets

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1655540A1 true EP1655540A1 (fr) 2006-05-10
EP1655540B1 EP1655540B1 (fr) 2011-04-06

Family

ID=34927192

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04025933A Not-in-force EP1655540B1 (fr) 2004-11-02 2004-11-02 Régulation limitant le flux de déchets

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US7343866B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1655540B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4247499B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE504784T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE502004012378D1 (fr)
NO (1) NO331234B1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012095407A1 (fr) * 2011-01-11 2012-07-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et dispositif pour filtrer un signal et appareil de régulation pour un procédé
EP2474873A1 (fr) * 2011-01-11 2012-07-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et dispositif destinés à filtrer un signal et dispositif de réglage pour un processus

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0499976A1 (fr) * 1991-02-22 1992-08-26 Von Roll Umwelttechnik AG Procédé pour fonctionnement d'une installation d'incinération
EP0718553A1 (fr) * 1994-12-22 1996-06-26 ABB Management AG Méthode pour combustion d'ordures
EP0919770A1 (fr) * 1997-05-12 1999-06-02 Nkk Corporation Procede et appareil pour commander le volume d'alimentation en rebuts d'incinerateurs de dechets industriels
EP0943864A1 (fr) * 1997-10-02 1999-09-22 Nkk Corporation Procede de regulation de la combustion dans un incinerateur de dechets
WO2001025691A1 (fr) * 1999-10-04 2001-04-12 Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno Systeme assurant une combustion thermique continue de matieres, telles que des dechets

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4311102A (en) * 1979-11-28 1982-01-19 Kolze Melvin W Burning system
US5280756A (en) * 1992-02-04 1994-01-25 Stone & Webster Engineering Corp. NOx Emissions advisor and automation system
US5353719A (en) * 1992-12-09 1994-10-11 Eshleman Roger D Apparatus and method for controlled processing of materials
US5784974A (en) * 1997-04-22 1998-07-28 General Signal Corporation System for improving fuel feed control of volumetric coal feeders

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0499976A1 (fr) * 1991-02-22 1992-08-26 Von Roll Umwelttechnik AG Procédé pour fonctionnement d'une installation d'incinération
EP0718553A1 (fr) * 1994-12-22 1996-06-26 ABB Management AG Méthode pour combustion d'ordures
EP0919770A1 (fr) * 1997-05-12 1999-06-02 Nkk Corporation Procede et appareil pour commander le volume d'alimentation en rebuts d'incinerateurs de dechets industriels
EP0943864A1 (fr) * 1997-10-02 1999-09-22 Nkk Corporation Procede de regulation de la combustion dans un incinerateur de dechets
WO2001025691A1 (fr) * 1999-10-04 2001-04-12 Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno Systeme assurant une combustion thermique continue de matieres, telles que des dechets

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1655540B1 (fr) 2011-04-06
US20060090679A1 (en) 2006-05-04
NO20055108L (no) 2006-05-03
DE502004012378D1 (de) 2011-05-19
NO20055108D0 (no) 2005-11-01
JP4247499B2 (ja) 2009-04-02
JP2006132925A (ja) 2006-05-25
NO331234B1 (no) 2011-11-07
US7343866B2 (en) 2008-03-18
ATE504784T1 (de) 2011-04-15

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