EP1649534A2 - Procede pour produire un empilement de piles a combustible - Google Patents

Procede pour produire un empilement de piles a combustible

Info

Publication number
EP1649534A2
EP1649534A2 EP04785973A EP04785973A EP1649534A2 EP 1649534 A2 EP1649534 A2 EP 1649534A2 EP 04785973 A EP04785973 A EP 04785973A EP 04785973 A EP04785973 A EP 04785973A EP 1649534 A2 EP1649534 A2 EP 1649534A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
recess
template
sealing
repeating unit
fuel cell
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04785973A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michael Stelter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Staxera GmbH
Original Assignee
Webasto SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Webasto SE filed Critical Webasto SE
Publication of EP1649534A2 publication Critical patent/EP1649534A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
    • H01M8/0273—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes with sealing or supporting means in the form of a frame
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
    • H01M8/242—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes comprising framed electrodes or intermediary frame-like gaskets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
    • H01M8/2425—High-temperature cells with solid electrolytes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49108—Electric battery cell making
    • Y10T29/4911—Electric battery cell making including sealing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a fuel cell or a fuel cell stack, comprising the following steps: a) providing a first repeating unit with a first sealing surface and at least one second repeating unit with a second sealing surface; and b) forming at least one sealing section between the first sealing surface and the second sealing surface.
  • a problem in the production of fuel cells or fuel cell stacks is that the individual seals are extremely complex to produce, with in many cases, for example, a lot of waste being produced during punching. Furthermore, only a very time-consuming serial production is currently possible. For this purpose, it is known, for example, a
  • n is the number of seals and p is the probability of failure of a single seal.
  • the object of the invention is to develop the generic methods in such a way that the susceptibility to errors is reduced and parallel production is possible.
  • step b) comprises: b1) arranging a template between the first sealing surface and the second sealing surface, the template having at least one edge region which is arranged adjacent to the sealing section to be formed becomes; and b2) introducing a sealing compound into a region which is delimited by the first sealing surface, the second sealing surface and the edge region of the template.
  • the template is at least partially formed from an organic fiber material, a carbon fiber material or a corresponding composite material.
  • the respective material can be felt, fleece, knitted fabric or woven fabric, for example.
  • the template is completely or partially removed and / or completely or partially changed in its material properties during and / or after the formation of the at least one sealing section.
  • the template can be made of a non-temperature-resistant, flammable, flat material (for example for temperatures above 800 ° C).
  • the template can be completely or completely removed by burning after the at least one sealing section has been formed.
  • the template can be made of a material which, instead of having the property of flammability, has the property of losing its mechanical stability under the influence of temperature, that is to say collapsing under the action of force.
  • the material (or its degradation products) can be electrically insulating.
  • the material can be formed, for example, by an organic or ceramic fiber composite or foam material, in which at least one structure-forming component evaporates, burns or melts under the influence of temperature.
  • a composite material is also possible, which represents a combination of the materials mentioned.
  • the sealing compound contains dispersed constituents for a glass solder.
  • the sealing compound is at least partially subjected to a curing and / or gelling process to form the at least one sealing section.
  • the sealant preferably contains a hardener component for hardening or gelling.
  • the hardener component of the sealing compound can advantageously be mixed in shortly before the injection or introduction into the corresponding area.
  • the hardener or gel former can be activated, for example, by air, temperature or a chemical activator that has been applied to the template and / or at least one sealing surface.
  • the at least one sealing section is formed adjacent to a first recess in the first repeating unit.
  • the recess can in particular be provided to form a gas channel that extends through the fuel cell stack.
  • the at least one sealing section is formed adjacent to a first recess in the second repeating unit.
  • the method according to the invention can be used particularly advantageously if a first recess in the first repeating unit is aligned with the second recess in the second repeating unit in the stacking direction.
  • Template has a first recess, the dimensions of which are larger than the dimensions of the first recess in the first repeating unit and / or larger than the dimensions of the first recess in the second Repeat unit.
  • the excess of the first recess in the template defines the width of the sealing section to be formed, while the height of the template determines the height of the sealing section to be formed.
  • a feed device which can comprise, for example, a hose or a tube, is preferably used to introduce the sealing compound.
  • a flange or another coupling device is preferably provided, with which the feed device can be connected to one of the first recesses while being sealed.
  • a mandrel is at least partially through the first recess in the first repeating unit and / or the first recess in the second repeating unit and / or the first recess extends in the template.
  • the mandrel preferably has only slightly smaller outer dimensions than the inner dimensions of the first openings.
  • the viscosity of the sealing compound is preferably chosen so that little or no sealing compound runs into the opening which is then released when the dome is removed.
  • the first repeating unit has a second recess and / or the second repeating unit has a second recess and / or the template has a second recess. It is preferred that the existing second recesses are aligned with one another in the stacking direction.
  • the first recess of the template is connected to the second recess of the template via a first channel.
  • the mutually aligned second recesses can form a filling channel for the sealing compound, the sealing compound passing through the first channel from the filling opening to the first recesses, in which the mandrel mentioned is preferably arranged.
  • the filler channel has a cross-sectional area that is relatively large compared to the cross-sectional area of the sealing section to be formed. As a result, the hydrodynamic pressure loss in the filler channel is much smaller than in the sealing channel when a fluid (or the sealing compound) flows through the two channels.
  • sealing compound is at least partially removed again, especially with the help of a second cathedral.
  • the sealing compound can remain in the channel formed by the second recesses and harden there in order to increase the stability of the overall structure.
  • the first repetition unit and the second repetition unit are compressed at least temporarily during the implementation of step b), preferably by at least one regulated force component.
  • sealing sections which are at least substantially aligned with one another in the stacking direction of the fuel cell stack are connected by sealing compound. Sealing sections arranged one above the other between a plurality of repeating units and connected by sealing compound represent a clear indication that the method according to the invention has been used.
  • FIG. 1 top views and cross-sectional views along the section line II of a first and a second repeating unit and of a template;
  • FIG. 2 shows the template from FIG. 1 arranged on the first repeating unit from FIG. 1, in a top view and a cross-sectional view along the section line I-1;
  • Figure 3 shows the second repeating unit of Figure 1 arranged on the arrangement of Figure 2, in a plan view and a cross-sectional view along the section line I-1;
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view along section line I-1 of Figure 3, illustrating the introduction of the sealant
  • Figure 5 is a plan view of the arrangement of Figure 4 along the section line 11-11;
  • Figure 6 is a plan view corresponding to the representation of Figure 5 of a completed sealing portion.
  • FIG. 1 shows top views and cross-sectional views along the section line II of a first 10 and a second repetition unit 16 and of a template 22.
  • the first repetition unit 10 has a first sealing surface 10a and a first opening 12 and a second Breakthrough 14 on.
  • the second repeating unit 16 has a second sealing surface 16a and a first recess 18 and a second recess 20.
  • the structure of the first repetition unit 10 and the structure of the second repetition unit 16 are identical, although the invention is not based on Such embodiments are limited, since applications are also possible in which differently arranged seals are formed between different repeating units.
  • a template 22 is shown between the first repeating unit 10 and the second repeating unit 16.
  • the template 22 has a first recess 24 and a second recess 26.
  • the circumference of the first recess 24 in the template 22 defines an edge area 32 which is intended to be arranged adjacent to the sealing section to be formed.
  • the first recess 24 and the second recess 26 of the template 22 are connected to one another by a first channel 28.
  • the outer circumference of the template 22 is connected to the first recess 24 via a second channel 30.
  • FIG. 2 shows the template 22 from FIG. 1 arranged on the first repeating unit 10 from FIG. 1, in a top view and a cross-sectional view along the section line I-1. It can be seen from the illustration in FIG. 2 that the dimensions of the first recess 24 in the template 22 are selected to be somewhat larger than the dimensions of the first recess 12 in the first repeating unit 10. The excess of the first recess 24 in the template 22 defines the width of the sealing section to be formed, which in the present case is to be formed essentially in a circular shape around the first recess 12 of the first repeating unit 10.
  • Figure 3 shows the second repeating unit 16 of Figure 1 arranged on the arrangement of Figure 2, in a plan view and a cross-sectional view along the section line II.
  • the template 22 is arranged between the first repeating unit 10 and the second repeating unit 16 such that the first recesses 12, 18, 24 and the second recesses 14, 20, 26 are each aligned with one another in the stacking direction, at least essentially.
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view corresponding to the section line II of FIG. 3, which illustrates the introduction of the sealing compound 40
  • FIG. 5 shows a plan view of the arrangement of FIG. 4, along the section line 11-11.
  • Recesses that are aligned with one another in the individual repeating units can form one or more channels, in particular gas supply channels, that run through the fuel cell stack essentially parallel to the stack axis.
  • the sealing gaps that arise between the individual repeating units must be sealed so that no gas escapes when the fuel cell is in operation.
  • the seals between the repeating units designed according to the invention are generally to be designed to be electrically insulating, so that the repeating units are not electrically short-circuited.
  • the fuel cell stack generally also has an upper end plate (not shown).
  • the end plate 34 has no opening aligned with the first openings 12, 18, 24 and therefore serves as a permanent locking element which remains part of the arrangement even after the sealing compound 40 has been introduced.
  • the use of at least one temporary locking element is conceivable, which is removed after the sealing compound has been introduced.
  • both permanent and temporary tensioning devices for mechanical tensioning of the fuel cell stack are possible.
  • the method according to the invention preferably produces a multiplicity of sealing sections at the same time, the production of only one sealing section 42 which seals the first recesses 12, 18 in the repeating units 10, 16 is explained below by way of example.
  • the first repeating unit 10, the template 22 and the second repeating unit 16 are stacked on an end plate 34 such that the respective recesses 12, 18, 24, or 14, 20, 26 are aligned with one another.
  • the second recesses 14, 20, 26 form a feed or fill opening for the sealing compound 40.
  • a feed device 38 is connected to this fill opening with a seal, so that sealing compound introduced into the second recesses 14, 20, 26 40 reaches the first recesses 12, 18 and 24 via the channel 28 of the template 22.
  • the sealant is preferably introduced under high pressure.
  • the filling channel formed by the second recesses 14, 20, 26 is generally completely filled first. Then the sealant 40 is distributed in the sealing channels. The displaced air can leave the channels, for example, through the second channel 30 of the template 22 or through the template 22 if it has a porous structure.
  • the entire arrangement is compressed by an externally applied, preferably controlled force F.
  • a mandrel 36 is arranged in the mutually aligned first recesses 12, 18 and 24, the outer dimensions of which are somewhat smaller than the inner dimensions of the first recesses 12, 18.
  • the mandrel 36 serves in particular to suitably determine the cross-sectional ratio of the filling opening formed by the second recesses and the seal to be formed, in order to achieve hydrodynamically favorable properties.
  • sealing compound 40 At the end of the filling process, all sealing channels are filled with sealing compound 40. A further pressing in of sealing compound 40 leads to sealing compound 40 penetrating into the second channel 30 or into the pore structure of the template 22. As a result, the pressure in the sealing channel and thus in the filling channel increases rapidly. This increase in pressure can advantageously be detected in order to end the filling process.
  • the introduction of the sealing compound 40 can be supported by a negative pressure (vacuum), which is applied to the outside of the template 22 relative to the inside. Since a constant pressure equalization occurs through the second channel 30 or the porous configuration of the template 22, the negative pressure may have to be maintained in a device by constant pumping. The negative pressure ensures that the sealing compound is sucked into the recess in the template 22 more quickly and that the formation of air pockets / air bubbles is avoided.
  • a negative pressure vacuum
  • the mandrel 36 can be removed without the substantial quantities of the sealing compound 40 getting into the first recesses 12, 18.
  • the mandrel 36 is formed, for example, by a tie rod which is left in the fuel cell stack in order to maintain the tension of the finished product.
  • the entire arrangement can, for example, be placed in an oven are, possibly while maintaining the compression by the force F to cure the sealant 40.
  • the sealing compound 40 first releases its solvents or diluents and, if appropriate, binders as a result of the temperature increase.
  • the vapors can escape through the second channel 30 of the template 22 or through the template 22 if the latter is porous.
  • the sealing compound is present, for example, as a dry raw substance of the glass solder, that is to say as a porous body with the shape of the sealing section to be formed.
  • a porous green body represents a mechanical resistance when the fuel cell stack is compressed (that is to say when the sealing surfaces 10a, 16a are pressed together).
  • the pore body will therefore collapse in a controlled manner when the compression is increased and its height will decrease (reduction in pore volume).
  • components of the sealing section or the sealing element begin to sinter and melt according to the composition of the glass solder. A transition from a solid to a highly viscous liquid consistency of the sealing element takes place. If the temperature increases further, the glass solder melts completely and wets the surfaces of the successive repetition units 10, 16 to be sealed against one another. The highly non-Newtonian flow behavior of such a glass melt and the capillary action within the sealing gap prevent the glass solder from completely drying out within a defined period of time the sealing gap is pressed out, even with a further compression of the sealing surfaces.
  • the further compression and thus the reduction in the height of the sealing element is advantageous in order to compensate for the shrinkage of the sealing section, which can arise from the release of binders and solvents as well as enclosed air and gas bubbles.
  • the further compression of the fuel cell stack in the course of the joining process can take place, for example, in accordance with the two following variants.
  • a combustible stencil 22 burns preferably without residues when the temperature rises further. Due to the compression of the fuel cell stack, caused by a temporary or permanent tensioning of the fuel cell stack during the burning process, the template 22 collapses during the burning. Touching the successive repeating units is prevented by limiting and / or dosing the compression force F. Touching it would result in the sealing compound 40 possibly being completely pressed out of the sealing gap and the repeating units 10, 16 also experiencing an electrical short circuit. By limiting the force F, the sealing compound 40 remains essentially in its original shape, in the plane that was predetermined by the sealing gap, so that a surface seal (sealing section 42) is formed around the recesses 12 and 18 to be sealed. The height of the sealing section 42 or of the sealing element is (somewhat) less than the height of the original air gap (the negative form), since the sealing compound 40, as mentioned, binders and during the melting process
  • the template 22 is not burned (without residues), but instead, the bracing of the fuel cell stack causes the template 22 to collapse, supported by the loss (thermal degradation) of at least one structure-forming component.
  • the electrically insulating effect of the template 22 or the corresponding degradation products can advantageously be used to short-circuit between successive repeating units
  • FIG. 6 shows a top view of a finished sealing section corresponding to the illustration in FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 6 shows that the sealing section 42 produced according to the invention extends in a ring around the first recess 12 in the first repeating unit 10, so that a channel connecting the first recesses 12 and 18 is formed by the sealing section 42.
  • the sealing compound present in the second recess 14 was removed by means of a further dome (not shown) before the sealing compound 40 had hardened.
  • embodiments are also conceivable in which sealing compound 40 remains in the second recesses in order to increase the stability of the overall structure.
  • the sealing compound 40 is filtered through a porous configuration of the template 22.
  • the second channel 30 of the template 22 is preferably omitted. Due to the internal pressure, the sealing compound 40 is pressed from the sealing gap through the template 22. Solid particles (glass solder) are retained, while the diluent of the sealant 40 (water) is pressed out as filtrate and runs off. This can make it much thinner and therefore better flowable sealant 40 a very compact blank for the sealing section to be formed (filter cake).
  • the quick and reliable drainage of the diluent through the porous structure of the template can be improved by a surface modification of the fiber or pore structure by increasing the wetting of the fiber / pore structure by the solvent.
  • a hydrophilic surface layer or impregnation with a hydrophilic component can improve the removal of the water to the outside.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour produire une pile à combustible ou un empilement de piles à combustible, ledit procédé comprenant les étapes suivantes qui consistent à : a) mettre à disposition une première unité récurrente (10) comportant une première surface d'étanchéité (10a) et au moins une deuxième unité récurrente (16) comportant une deuxième surface d'étanchéité (16a); et b) former au moins une section d'étanchéité (42) entre la première surface d'étanchéité (10a) et la deuxième surface d'étanchéité (16a). Selon l'invention, l'étape b) consiste à: b1) placer un gabarit (22) entre la première surface d'étanchéité (10a) et la deuxième surface étanchéité (16a), le gabarit (22) présentant au moins une zone marginale (32) adjacente à la section d'étanchéité (42) à former; et b2) introduire une matière d'étanchéité (40) dans une zone qui est délimitée par la première surface d'étanchéité (10a), la deuxième surface d'étanchéité (16a) et la zone marginale (32) du gabarit (22).
EP04785973A 2003-07-25 2004-07-23 Procede pour produire un empilement de piles a combustible Withdrawn EP1649534A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10334131A DE10334131A1 (de) 2003-07-25 2003-07-25 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Brennstoffzellenstapels
PCT/DE2004/001639 WO2005011040A2 (fr) 2003-07-25 2004-07-23 Procede pour produire un empilement de piles a combustible

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1649534A2 true EP1649534A2 (fr) 2006-04-26

Family

ID=34071923

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04785973A Withdrawn EP1649534A2 (fr) 2003-07-25 2004-07-23 Procede pour produire un empilement de piles a combustible

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20080038620A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1649534A2 (fr)
DE (1) DE10334131A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005011040A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1936723B1 (fr) * 2005-09-20 2013-06-05 Kyocera Corporation Procede de fabrication d'une pile à combustible
DE102006015118B4 (de) * 2006-03-31 2008-09-11 Enerday Gmbh Hochtemperatur-Brennstoffzellenstapel, Verfahren zum temporären Verspannen eines HT-Brennstoffzellenstapels, Verfahren zum Entfernen einer temporären Verspannvorrichtung und Verwendung
DE102008009985B4 (de) 2008-02-19 2015-04-09 Sunfire Gmbh Elektrolyt für eine elektrolytgestützte Hochtemperatur-Brennstoffzelle, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung, dessen Verwendung für eine elektrolytgestützte Brennstoffzelle und Verwendung der Brennstoffzelle für einen Brennstoffzellen-Stapel
US8911918B2 (en) * 2010-02-08 2014-12-16 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Hybrid seal application process
DE102013206335A1 (de) * 2013-04-10 2014-10-16 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Brennstoffzellensystem

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DE19650903C2 (de) * 1996-12-07 1999-03-18 Forschungszentrum Juelich Gmbh Brennstoffzellenmodul mit einer Gasversorgungseinrichtung
DE69818874T2 (de) * 1997-07-16 2004-05-19 Ballard Power Systems Inc., Burnaby Verfahren zur Herstellung einer elastischen Dichtung für die Membranelektrodenanordnung (mea) in einer elektrochemischen Brennstoffzelle
US6337120B1 (en) * 1998-06-26 2002-01-08 Nok Corporation Gasket for layer-built fuel cells and method for making the same
JP3951484B2 (ja) * 1998-12-16 2007-08-01 トヨタ自動車株式会社 燃料電池
DE19908555A1 (de) * 1999-02-27 2000-09-28 Freudenberg Carl Fa Dichtungsanordnung für großflächige dünne Teile
US6231053B1 (en) * 1999-06-11 2001-05-15 Nok Corporation Gasket for fuel cell
JP4066117B2 (ja) * 1999-06-11 2008-03-26 Ｎｏｋ株式会社 燃料電池用ガスケット
DE19960674B8 (de) * 1999-12-15 2006-07-06 Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Substratgestützte Elektroden-Elektrolyt-Einheit
DE10135333A1 (de) * 2001-07-19 2003-02-06 Elringklinger Ag Brennstoffzelleneinheit

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Title
See references of WO2005011040A2 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE10334131A1 (de) 2005-02-17
WO2005011040A3 (fr) 2005-10-13
US20080038620A1 (en) 2008-02-14
WO2005011040A2 (fr) 2005-02-03

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