EP1644637A1 - Plasmastrahl-zündkerze - Google Patents
Plasmastrahl-zündkerzeInfo
- Publication number
- EP1644637A1 EP1644637A1 EP04733327A EP04733327A EP1644637A1 EP 1644637 A1 EP1644637 A1 EP 1644637A1 EP 04733327 A EP04733327 A EP 04733327A EP 04733327 A EP04733327 A EP 04733327A EP 1644637 A1 EP1644637 A1 EP 1644637A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- spark plug
- ground electrode
- electrode
- plasma
- plug according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
- H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P9/00—Electric spark ignition control, not otherwise provided for
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
- H01T13/50—Sparking plugs having means for ionisation of gap
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/52—Generating plasma using exploding wires or spark gaps
Definitions
- the invention relates to a plasma jet spark plug for internal combustion engines with a center electrode, a shot channel formed from insulator material and a ground electrode concentric with the shot channel and forming an outlet opening.
- lean fuel-air mixtures fuel-air mixtures with air ratios greater than one
- This also requires the generation of highly effective spark plasmas that effectively initiate the combustion process of lean mixtures.
- a spark plug of the type mentioned at the outset is available from the RWTH Aachen publication, which is accessible via the Internet http://www.vka.rwth-aachen.de/sfb_224/Kapitel/pdf/kap3_2.pdf S. Fig. 3.2-8, S. 114 known.
- This spark plug is able to generate a plasma outside the »spark plug.
- a large part of the spark energy is not transferred to the gas.
- the penetration depth of the spark plasma into the gas is small. This means that this spark plug is only able to ignite lean fuel-air mixtures to a limited extent.
- the object of the invention is to provide a spark plug of the type mentioned, which is able to transmit a large part of the spark energy to the fuel-air mixture. According to the invention, this object is achieved by the features of patent claim 1.
- the conical shape of the center electrode promotes plasma formation.
- the formation of a firing channel and the acceleration section effective in its course towards the ground electrode ensure that the plasma penetrates deeply into the mixture and, as a result, ensures an optimal ignition effect even in the case of extremely lean mixtures.
- Fig. 1 shows schematically a longitudinal section of a spark plug according to the invention
- FIG. 2 shows a detail from FIG. 1.
- the spark plug 1 shown in detail in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a center electrode 2, a ground electrode 3 and a ceramic body 4.
- the center electrode 2 is conically shaped.
- the ground electrode 3 forms an outlet opening 5 which is widened in the shape of a funnel.
- a firing channel 6 is formed in the ceramic body 4 between the center electrode 2 and the ground electrode 3. In its course towards the ground electrode, the channel 6 has a taper 7, which acts as an acceleration section for a plasma. As will be explained in more detail below, the plasma is formed in the region of the tip 2 ′ of the center electrode 2.
- the ceramic body is in direct contact with the ground electrode 3 in the region of the outlet opening, ie without any air gap.
- the ground electrode 3 is retracted over the center electrode and has on its outer surface a thread 8 with which the spark plug is screwed into a cylinder head, not shown. 1 ends approximately flush in a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
- the plasma is generated in a hollow chamber 10 inside the spark plug. This hollow chamber is shown enlarged in FIG. 2.
- the hollow chamber 10 corresponds to a hollow cathode arrangement.
- An electrical field is built up between the conically tapering center electrode 2 and the ground electrode 3, which closes the spark plug to the outside, through which the gas in the hollow chamber is ionized and an electrical breakdown is generated.
- the hollow chamber 10 has a special geometric configuration. It consists of a cylindrical region "A”, which is followed by a conically tapering section “B” which opens into a cylindrical shape "C". The ground electrode 3 following the region “C” opens the cross section designated "D" conical and represents the end of the firing channel 6 that is being formed.
- This shape has electrotechnical and fluid dynamic reasons.
- the constriction existing in area "C” is intended to generate a supersonic flow corresponding to a "Laval nozzle", which leads to a higher exit pulse of the plasma.
- a rapid rise in the plasma temperature to, for example, approximately 6000 K, which results from a suitable wiring of the center electrode, simultaneously generates a pressure wave which leads to a supercritical pressure ratio between the static pressure in the hollow chamber 10 and the pressure in the combustion chamber of an engine at the moment of ignition , As a result, the flow in the cylindrical part, which is the narrowest cross section, is accelerated to Mach 1 and in the diverging part to Mach> 1.
- the hot plasma is not weakened by heat loss from the thermally highly conductive ceramic insulation, it makes sense to concentrate the electric field on the upper region of the conically tapering center electrode 2.
- the above-mentioned field line concentration has a decisive focusing effect through the configuration of the shape of the ceramic insulating body 4.
- the lobe-like shape conducts the electrical field lines to the electrode tip 2 'on account of its dielectric properties.
- the proportion of the electric field strength attributable to the ceramic is small in comparison to the electric field strength that has to be used to overcome the distance in the air space 9.
- the ceramic insulation is tapered 11 here, that is to say the applied voltage is advantageously divided up in such a way that the electric field strength in this area of the center electrode 2 is reduced and ionization is thus hindered.
- the guidance of the electric field shown results in an optimal directivity towards the exit opening 5.
- the generated electrical charge carriers experience a corresponding acceleration, whereby additional atoms or molecules are ionized and an avalanche effect arises.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Spark Plugs (AREA)
- Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10331418A DE10331418A1 (de) | 2003-07-10 | 2003-07-10 | Plasmastrahl-Zündkerze |
PCT/EP2004/005286 WO2005005819A1 (de) | 2003-07-10 | 2004-05-17 | Plasmastrahl-zündkerze |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1644637A1 true EP1644637A1 (de) | 2006-04-12 |
Family
ID=33546985
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04733327A Withdrawn EP1644637A1 (de) | 2003-07-10 | 2004-05-17 | Plasmastrahl-zündkerze |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7477008B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1644637A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2007507060A (de) |
KR (1) | KR20060032626A (de) |
CN (1) | CN1820141A (de) |
DE (1) | DE10331418A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2005005819A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4778301B2 (ja) | 2005-11-22 | 2011-09-21 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | プラズマジェット点火プラグおよびその点火装置 |
FR2913299B1 (fr) * | 2007-03-01 | 2009-04-17 | Renault Sas | Pilotage d'une pluralite de bobines bougies via un unique etage de puissance. |
FR2913298B1 (fr) * | 2007-03-01 | 2009-04-17 | Renault Sas | Pilotage d'une pluralite de bobines bougies via un unique etage de puissance |
JP4482589B2 (ja) * | 2007-03-29 | 2010-06-16 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | プラズマジェット点火プラグ |
US7772752B2 (en) * | 2007-03-29 | 2010-08-10 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Plasma-jet spark plug |
US7839065B2 (en) * | 2007-03-30 | 2010-11-23 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Plasma jet spark plug and manufacturing method therefor |
JP4413973B2 (ja) * | 2007-03-30 | 2010-02-10 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | プラズマジェット点火プラグおよびその製造方法 |
JP4760780B2 (ja) | 2007-06-13 | 2011-08-31 | 株式会社デンソー | プラズマ式点火装置 |
JPWO2008156035A1 (ja) | 2007-06-19 | 2010-08-26 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | プラズマジェット点火プラグおよびその点火装置 |
JP5045286B2 (ja) * | 2007-07-24 | 2012-10-10 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の点火装置 |
CN102460868B (zh) * | 2009-05-04 | 2013-09-25 | 费德罗-莫格尔点火公司 | 电晕尖端绝缘体 |
FR2955628B1 (fr) * | 2010-01-27 | 2013-10-04 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | Procede et dispositif de modulation du debit massique d'un ecoulement de gaz |
JP5033203B2 (ja) * | 2010-03-05 | 2012-09-26 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | プラズマジェット点火プラグ |
JP4966420B2 (ja) * | 2010-03-09 | 2012-07-04 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | プラズマジェット点火プラグ及び点火システム |
KR101348019B1 (ko) * | 2010-06-18 | 2014-01-07 | 니혼도꾸슈도교 가부시키가이샤 | 플라즈마 젯 점화 플러그 |
JP5715705B2 (ja) | 2010-10-28 | 2015-05-13 | フェデラル−モーグル・イグニション・カンパニーFederal−Mogul Ignition Company | 非熱プラズマ点火アークの抑制 |
JP5227466B2 (ja) * | 2011-02-25 | 2013-07-03 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | プラズマジェット点火プラグ |
AT511615B1 (de) * | 2011-08-30 | 2013-01-15 | Freller Walter | Motor |
DE102014117799A1 (de) | 2014-12-03 | 2016-06-09 | Epcos Ag | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur verbesserten Verbrennung |
US12021352B2 (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2024-06-25 | EcoPower Spark, LLC | Spark plug with mechanically and thermally coupled center electrode |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5635793U (de) | 1979-08-27 | 1981-04-07 | ||
JPS5669789A (en) | 1979-11-09 | 1981-06-11 | Nissan Motor | Plasma ingitor |
US4354136A (en) | 1979-03-08 | 1982-10-12 | Nissan Motor Company, Limited | Ignition plug for internal combustion engine |
US4514657A (en) | 1980-04-28 | 1985-04-30 | Nippon Soken, Inc. | Spark plug having dual gaps for internal combustion engines |
JPH0272577A (ja) | 1988-09-06 | 1990-03-12 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 内燃機関の点火プラグ |
Family Cites Families (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE115521C (de) | 1900-02-06 | |||
DE2012516A1 (de) * | 1970-03-17 | 1971-09-30 | Daimler Benz Ag | Zündkerze, insbesondere fur Rotations kolben Brennkraftmaschinen |
DD115521A1 (de) * | 1974-11-01 | 1975-10-05 | ||
JPS5343143A (en) * | 1976-09-30 | 1978-04-19 | Tokai Trw & Co | Ignition plug |
US4396855A (en) * | 1979-06-18 | 1983-08-02 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Plasma jet ignition plug with cavity in insulator discharge end |
US4388549A (en) * | 1980-11-03 | 1983-06-14 | Champion Spark Plug Company | Plasma plug |
US4644218A (en) * | 1981-06-16 | 1987-02-17 | Kirkhouse Jet Plug Pty. Ltd. | Spark plug with pre-combustion chamber and venturi passage |
US4766855A (en) * | 1983-07-20 | 1988-08-30 | Cummins Engine Co., Inc. | Plasma jet ignition apparatus |
DE3544176C1 (de) * | 1985-12-13 | 1987-05-21 | Beru Werk Ruprecht Gmbh Co A | Zuendkerze mit kombinierten Gleit- und Luftfunkenstrecken |
JPH01163986A (ja) * | 1987-12-18 | 1989-06-28 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | 低電圧沿面放電型イグナイタプラグ |
DE3816968A1 (de) * | 1988-05-18 | 1989-11-30 | Beru Werk Ruprecht Gmbh Co A | Zuendkerze |
US5051651A (en) * | 1988-11-24 | 1991-09-24 | Tadaharu Fujiwara | Ignition plug with a hollow cylindrical ground electrode and an ignition process by the use thereof |
DE3941649A1 (de) * | 1989-12-16 | 1991-06-20 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Verfahren zur herstellung von elektroden fuer zuendkerzen sowie zuendkerzen-elektroden |
DE4028869A1 (de) * | 1990-09-12 | 1992-03-19 | Fev Motorentech Gmbh & Co Kg | Plasmastrahl-zuendsystem |
US5257500A (en) * | 1992-07-27 | 1993-11-02 | General Electric Company | Aircraft engine ignition system |
US5421300A (en) * | 1994-02-28 | 1995-06-06 | General Motors Corporation | Torch jet spark plug |
US5734222A (en) * | 1994-07-01 | 1998-03-31 | Sixes And Sevens Pty Ltd | Spark plug system |
US6611083B2 (en) * | 2000-12-15 | 2003-08-26 | Savage Enterprises, Inc. | Torch jet spark plug electrode |
-
2003
- 2003-07-10 DE DE10331418A patent/DE10331418A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2004
- 2004-05-17 CN CNA2004800197118A patent/CN1820141A/zh active Pending
- 2004-05-17 WO PCT/EP2004/005286 patent/WO2005005819A1/de active Application Filing
- 2004-05-17 JP JP2006517984A patent/JP2007507060A/ja active Pending
- 2004-05-17 EP EP04733327A patent/EP1644637A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-05-17 KR KR1020067000201A patent/KR20060032626A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2006
- 2006-01-10 US US11/328,071 patent/US7477008B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4354136A (en) | 1979-03-08 | 1982-10-12 | Nissan Motor Company, Limited | Ignition plug for internal combustion engine |
JPS5635793U (de) | 1979-08-27 | 1981-04-07 | ||
JPS5669789A (en) | 1979-11-09 | 1981-06-11 | Nissan Motor | Plasma ingitor |
US4514657A (en) | 1980-04-28 | 1985-04-30 | Nippon Soken, Inc. | Spark plug having dual gaps for internal combustion engines |
JPH0272577A (ja) | 1988-09-06 | 1990-03-12 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 内燃機関の点火プラグ |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
"Final report of the Collaborative Research Centre", January 2001, article "Sonderforschungsbereich 224: "Motorische Verbrennung"", pages: 105 - 130, XP003028539 |
See also references of WO2005005819A1 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7477008B2 (en) | 2009-01-13 |
KR20060032626A (ko) | 2006-04-17 |
WO2005005819A1 (de) | 2005-01-20 |
JP2007507060A (ja) | 2007-03-22 |
DE10331418A1 (de) | 2005-01-27 |
US20060137642A1 (en) | 2006-06-29 |
CN1820141A (zh) | 2006-08-16 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20051213 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): DE ES FR GB IT SE |
|
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
RBV | Designated contracting states (corrected) |
Designated state(s): DE ES FR GB IT SE |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20090121 |
|
TPAC | Observations filed by third parties |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNTIPA |
|
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: BAYERISCHE MOTOREN WERKE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20161201 |