EP1639164A1 - Procede pour la structuration de surface d'une fibre synthetique, dispositif pour l'execution de ce procede, ainsi que fibre profilee sur toute sa surface - Google Patents

Procede pour la structuration de surface d'une fibre synthetique, dispositif pour l'execution de ce procede, ainsi que fibre profilee sur toute sa surface

Info

Publication number
EP1639164A1
EP1639164A1 EP04736904A EP04736904A EP1639164A1 EP 1639164 A1 EP1639164 A1 EP 1639164A1 EP 04736904 A EP04736904 A EP 04736904A EP 04736904 A EP04736904 A EP 04736904A EP 1639164 A1 EP1639164 A1 EP 1639164A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
embossing
fiber
roller
pressure roller
rollers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04736904A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Marcel Halbeisen
Helmut Schift
Urs Schutz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Empa St Gallen
Original Assignee
Empa St Gallen
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Empa St Gallen filed Critical Empa St Gallen
Publication of EP1639164A1 publication Critical patent/EP1639164A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
    • D02J3/00—Modifying the surface
    • D02J3/10—Modifying the surface by indenting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the surface structuring of a synthetic fiber according to the preamble of claim 1, a device for carrying out the method and an all-round profiled fiber.
  • the fibers are produced by spinnerets with a suitably shaped opening profile.
  • spinnerets with a star-like opening profile can be used to form a fiber with a corresponding cross-sectional profile.
  • the fiber is split lengthways to thereby produce so-called microfibers.
  • a disadvantage of this method is that the profiling only in the spinning or Splitting direction, ie takes place essentially in the longitudinal direction of the fiber, which is hereinafter referred to as “longitudinal profiling" of the fiber surface.
  • longitudinal profiling On the other hand, it is not feasible to process the fiber surface hereinafter referred to as “flat profiling", in which the profiling runs both in the longitudinal and in the transverse direction of the fiber surface.
  • Another disadvantage of the known methods is that the fineness of the profile is given by the production of the spinnerets and the viscosity of the spinning mass. Accordingly, the profiling is rather coarse and has structures with a size of far more than 1 ⁇ m. Ultimately, these processes do an enlargement of the fiber surface, but the structure of the surface cannot be changed.
  • a method for providing a fiber with a surface profile of any desired length or area is described in US Pat. No. 6,117,383.
  • the method aims at producing improved strings for tennis, badminton and squash rackets.
  • an essentially cylindrical, unheated synthetic string is plastically deformed by the action of embossing rollers interacting in pairs, and is thus provided with a predetermined surface structure.
  • the string material and embossing pressure are to be selected in such a way that an essentially irreversible plastic deformation is brought about, which means that post-treatment of the embossed string can be dispensed with.
  • the profile depth is defined by the distance between the opposing embossing rollers, which are shaped like a toothed or cutting wheel.
  • the roller distance must be smaller by an amount corresponding to the desired profile depth, based on the outside diameter of the string to be processed.
  • strings with an outer diameter of 1.0 to 1.8 mm can be provided with a surface structure which, for example, consists of a plurality of notches with a depth of approximately 2 to 20% of the outer diameter.
  • a disadvantage of the known method and the associated device is that the method is not suitable for processing fibers with a substantially smaller outside diameter of, for example, 0.1 mm or less.
  • the distance between the embossing rollers would have to be set with an accuracy of significantly better than 0.01 mm, which would however not be feasible with the device described.
  • embossing rollers with an extremely fine embossing profile of significantly less than 0.01 mm would have to be used in order to produce a practically usable surface on such a fine fiber. manufacture structuring.
  • the embossing rollers shaped in the manner of a toothed or cutting wheel cannot be produced with such a finely structured surface.
  • a further disadvantage of the known method is that the fiber is not provided with the desired surface structure on its entire circumference when it passes between a pair of embossing rollers, but only in two longitudinal strip-shaped zones.
  • No reference can be found in US Pat. No. 6,117,383 in order to use the teaching described there for the embossing of thin fibers such as, for example, synthetic textile fibers.
  • US Pat. No. 4,109,356 relates to a method and an apparatus for texturing synthetic textile material from a staple fiber tape or from continuous filaments by means of mechanically applied deformation of the material.
  • the embossing station used here includes a driven, inelastic, heated first roller and an elastic second roller which interacts with it.
  • the inelastic roller made of steel or another hard material has a raised pattern of closely adjacent pyramids, which were formed, for example, by engraving.
  • the elastic roller is equipped with corresponding pyramid-shaped depressions.
  • the embossing patterns used have up to 300 pyramids over a distance of 25.4 mm, i.e. the distance between the individual structural elements is around 85 ⁇ m.
  • an essentially cylindrical fiber is provided with a predetermined surface structure by plastic deformation.
  • the method comprises the following steps: providing the fiber in a plastically deformable state; plastically deforming the fiber by embossing using at least one microlithographically structured embossing roller, which interacts with at least one pressure roller, each embossing roller and each pressure roller defining an intermediate embossing zone for the fiber, and each embossing roller having a structural fineness of at most 10 ⁇ m; and converting the fiber into a solidified state while maintaining the surface structure formed.
  • the embossed structure is formed from a large number of structural elements in the form of elevations and depressions in the roller surface, the width or depth of the smallest structural elements is defined under "structural fineness”.
  • Various microlithographic methods are known for providing a surface with an embossed structure with a fineness of 10 ⁇ m or even significantly less.
  • the fiber can be provided in a plastically deformable state in various ways.
  • the fiber can be produced in a wet, melt or dry spinning process and the fiber, which is still soft due to the spinning process, can be fed directly to the deformation step.
  • an already solidified fiber can be assumed in a melt-spinning process and this can be thermally softened immediately before the shaping step.
  • Other possibilities are based on fibers made from thermally or UV-crosslinkable materials, which are converted from an initially present plastically deformable state by heat treatment or by irradiation with UV light to a solidified state due to the crosslinking that takes place in the process.
  • embossing of the fiber takes place in a plastically deformable state and the fiber is subsequently brought into a solidified, ie non-deformable, state, it is possible to work with only slight embossing pressures.
  • this allows the use of a microlithographically structured embossing roller, by means of which the fiber can be provided with a very fine surface structure.
  • the device according to the invention has propulsion means for at least one fiber as well as the following components arranged one after the other in the advancing direction: device for providing the fiber in a plastically deformable state; Embossing station; and aftertreatment device for converting the fiber into a solidified state.
  • the embossing station has at least one embossing roller provided with a microlithographically formed embossing structure and at least one pressure roller interacting with it, each embossing roller having a structural fineness of at most 10 ⁇ m, and each embossing roller and each pressure roller defining an intermediate embossing zone for the fiber.
  • Each embossing roller and each associated pressure roller are arranged with mutually opposite jacket surfaces, the embossing zone being in the region of the shortest distance between each pair of interacting rollers. This distance is slightly smaller than the outside diameter of the fiber passed through.
  • a fiber can be produced which has an all-round surface-profiled surface structure.
  • the fiber is guided through a plurality of embossing zones, a previously unembossed part of the fiber surface being embossed in each embossing zone.
  • This can be achieved, for example, by an arrangement with a plurality of pressure rollers, with each pressure roller defining an individual embossing zone together with the embossing roller.
  • the number of stamping zones is given by the number of interacting roller pairs.
  • a single pair of co-operating rollers can define several embossing zones, for example by guiding the fiber helically around the embossing roller with a plurality of turns.
  • Claim 4 defines a particularly preferred embodiment in which the embossing roller and each pressure roller interacting with it are operated with mutually interlocking axes of rotation. This results in torsion of the fiber passing through, so that when passing through a first embossing zone, the fiber is twisted by a certain angle of rotation about its longitudinal axis. In particular, this means that when entering the downstream embossing zone, a previously unembossed part of the fiber surface comes into contact with the embossing roller.
  • the torsion is set in such a way that the fiber is embossed on the entire circumference after it has passed through all the embossing zones.
  • the embossing station contains an individual embossing roller and a plurality of pressure rollers which are arranged in such a way that the individual embossing zones are essentially distributed regularly over the circumference of the embossing roller.
  • the embossing station according to claim 8 a single pressure roller and a plurality of embossing rollers, which are arranged so that the individual embossing zones are substantially regularly distributed over the circumference of the pressure roller.
  • each pair consisting of the pressure roller and the co-operating embossing roller is arranged interlaced with one another, the associated embossing zone being located in the vicinity of the distance between the embossing roller and the pressure roller.
  • Figure 1 shows a device for the surface structuring of a synthetic fiber, in a perspective view.
  • FIG. 2 shows a detail of the device from FIG. 1 in an end view
  • FIG. 3 shows an enlarged detail of the device from FIG. 1, in an end view
  • FIG. 4 shows a detail of a further device for surface structuring, in a side view
  • Fig. 5 shows the detail of Figure 4, in plan view.
  • FIG. 6 shows a section of yet another device for surface structuring
  • the device for surface structuring of a synthetic fiber 2 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 has a deflection roller 4 provided with a guide groove 3 and an embossing station 6 with a centrally arranged embossing roller 8 and three pressure rollers 10, 10a and 10b cooperating therewith.
  • the pressure rollers are arranged essentially in a star shape around the embossing roller, the longitudinal axes 12, 12a, 12b of the pressure rollers 10, 10a, 10b being aligned essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis 14 of the embossing roller 8.
  • the fiber 2 is propelled in the advancing direction V by the embossing station 6 by means of propulsion means (not shown in more detail), for example by means of a device for driving one or more rollers.
  • the device of FIGS. 1 to 3 in particular also includes a device upstream of the embossing station in order to provide the fiber in a plastically deformable state, and an aftertreatment device downstream of the embossing station, by means of which the fiber is brought into a solidified state.
  • a heating device for a cold-fed fiber can be used as the provision device.
  • the heating device can be integrated directly into the embossing roller 8, so that the fiber 2 is brought into a plastically deformable state when it comes into contact with the embossing roller 8, while the opposite parts of the fiber 2 interacting with the pressure rollers are cooler and are therefore not deformable.
  • This has the advantage that the embossed structure formed on the fiber surface by the Pressure rollers is not destroyed.
  • the fiber can be drawn off directly from a spinneret and brought into the embossing station while still soft.
  • a cooling device known per se is used as the aftertreatment device.
  • a fiber is to be embossed from a thermally or UV-crosslinkable material
  • a heating station or a UV irradiation station must be provided as the aftertreatment device.
  • the irradiation expediently takes place immediately after the embossing step, for which purpose a transparent embossing roller can be used, for example.
  • a polymer fiber provided with a thin metal layer can also be embossed, the latter being structured together with the metal layer and the metal taking on the shape of the embossed polymer fiber.
  • the embossing roller 8 has a microlithographically formed embossing structure on its outer surface 16.
  • the embossed structure consists of a large number of structural elements in the form of elevations and depressions, the height and side dimensions of the smallest structural elements, i.e. the so-called structural fineness of the roller surface is 10 ⁇ m or significantly less, down to 100 nm or even smaller.
  • the terms "nanolithography” or “nanolithographic” would actually be more appropriate instead of "microlithography” or “microlithographic”, but such a distinction is not made here for reasons of uniform choice of terms.
  • Metal structures are advantageously used as embossing rollers (nickel,
  • metal rollers are very temperature stable and compatible with most existing impression tools.
  • silicon, glass, quartz or ceramic, polymer rollers and all types of composite stamps can also be used.
  • metal inserts in which the surface relief was formed by a thin, temperature-stable polymer layer have proven successful.
  • stamps For the production of embossing rollers, methods are preferred with which copies of stamps can be produced. This allows another copy to be used quickly in the event of wear or soiling. Suitable copying processes are electroplating and plastic molding
  • the desired relief structures are produced by means of lithography (in particular electron beam, laser and interference lithography).
  • lithography in particular electron beam, laser and interference lithography.
  • the advantage of CAD-controlled lithographs is that a pattern defined on the computer can be transferred to a surface and then converted into a mechanically stressable material by etching, electroplating or metallization processes.
  • An embossing zone 18, 18a, 18b for the fiber 2 is defined between the embossing roller 8 and each pressing roller 10, 10a, 10b.
  • each pair of co-operating rollers is arranged in such a way that the distance between the jacket surfaces is slightly smaller than the outside diameter of the fiber being passed through. This can be seen in particular from FIG. 3, in which, however the fiber diameter D is shown exaggerated.
  • the embossed structure of the outer surface 16 is pressed into the fiber 2 and leads to its plastic deformation. Accordingly, the fiber 2 is provided with a surface structure 20 which essentially represents the negative of the embossed structure.
  • An elevation of the embossed structure thus leads to a depression in the surface structure 20 of the fiber 2, while conversely a depression of the embossed structure leads to an elevation in the surface structure 20 of the fiber 2.
  • the surface structure 20 formed in this way hereinafter also referred to as "microstructure", is retained due to the subsequent conversion into a solidified state of the fiber material.
  • the advance speed for the fiber 2 is, for example, approximately 0.1 to 1 m / s. However, higher speeds of advance of up to approximately 10 m / s or even more are also possible.
  • a strip-like zone of the fiber surface can be provided with the microstructure 20.
  • a structuring extending over the entire circumference of the fiber surface can be achieved by an embossing station with a plurality of embossing zones connected in series, each individual embossing zone acting on a previously unembossed part of the fiber surface.
  • an embossing station with several embossing rollers could be used, each of which acts on a different sector of the fiber surface.
  • the device shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 is advantageously used with a single embossing roller.
  • the device has an embossing roller 22 and a pressure roller 24 arranged underneath, between which an embossing zone 26 for the fiber 2 is defined.
  • the two rollers are aligned with each other by an angle ⁇ , ie the longitudinal axis 28 of the embossing roller 22 and the longitudinal axis 30 of the pressure roller 24 are skewed to one another. at the. It can be seen from FIG. 5 that the two longitudinal axes 28 and 30 deviate in the opposite direction from the normal N to the longitudinal axis A of the fiber 2.
  • the fiber 2 on the upper side 32 experiences a propulsion defined by the rotation of the embossing roller 22, whereas the underside 34 experiences a propulsion determined by the pressure roller 24.
  • the two propulsion vectors Due to the interlocked axes of rotation, the two propulsion vectors have opposite lateral components, ie an upper lateral component V 0 acts on the fiber upper side 32, while a lower one acts on the fiber lower side 34
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 can be implemented in such a way that the fiber always brings a previously unembossed part of the fiber surface into contact with the embossing roller when it passes through an embossing station with several embossing zones.
  • FIG. 6 which has an embossing station 36 with three consecutive embossing zones 26, 26a and 26b.
  • the embossing station 36 is shown here in a development view, i.e. there is a single embossing roller 22 with three associated pressure rollers 24, 24a and 24b arranged in a star shape around them.
  • the embossing station 36 is configured in the same way as that of FIG. 1.
  • the fiber 2 first enters the first embossing zone 26 and is provided there with a first microstructured strip 38. Due to the torsional movement, this first strip is shifted counterclockwise from the top edge of the fiber. During the subsequent passage through the second embossing zone 26a, a second microstructured strip 38a is formed, and at the same time a further torsion of the fiber and thus also of the first strip 38 is caused. Thus, the second strip 38a is formed next to the first strip 38. In the same way, a third microstructured is in the third embossing zone 26b Stripe 38b formed, which arises due to yet another torsion next to the second strip 38a.
  • this can be set in such a way that the individual microstructured strips are formed directly adjacent to one another, if desired also partially overlapping one another.
  • the entire structure of the fiber can be microstructured by running through a sufficient number of embossing zones. This is expediently not accomplished by a correspondingly high number of pressure rollers, but rather the fiber 2 is placed helically with several turns around the embossing roller, as is indicated in FIG. 1 for a single turn. For example, with three pressure rollers and three turns around the embossing roller, a number of nine embossing passes can be achieved.
  • all-round embossing of the fiber can also be achieved by twisting the fiber in the area between two embossing zones by means of a separate torsion device, for example a pair of rollers aligned parallel to the longitudinal axis of the fiber.
  • a separate torsion device for example a pair of rollers aligned parallel to the longitudinal axis of the fiber.
  • a central pressure roller instead of the central embossing roller 8 a central pressure roller and instead of the three pressure rollers 10, 10a and 10b, an arrangement of three embossing rollers interacting with the central pressure roller can be provided.
  • a non-profiled polypropylene fiber with a diameter of 100 ⁇ m was subjected to a single embossing pass with a microlithographically embossed cylindrical embossing roller with an outside diameter of 5 cm and a pressure roller interacting with it.
  • the product thus formed is shown in FIGS. 7 to 9.
  • the fiber with the longitudinal axis A has a spiral-shaped, microstructured strip 38 which has a multiplicity of depressions 40 with a fineness of approximately 1.5 ⁇ m.
  • Moisture absorption or moisture accumulation This allows textiles to be developed that accumulate a great deal of moisture on the surface but can nevertheless dry very quickly.
  • fibers can be used for active cooling (sports textiles). The higher the fiber surface, the higher the cooling effect.
  • Fiber fleece is very complex.
  • a sawtooth structure on the fiber means that nonwoven processes similar to those used for felting with wool can be used.
  • the fiber-fiber adhesion is an essential factor for the spinnability. Fibers that do not adhere to one another, or do not adhere to them badly, cannot be spun, or only with insufficient fineness. Firstly, flat microstructuring means that previously unspinnable fibers can be spun, and secondly, much finer spun yarns can be produced.
  • Fiber composite materials By increasing the fiber adhesion, much more stable fiber composite materials can be produced than before.
  • Light that strikes a fiber made of transparent material is usually almost completely transmitted. However, if the fiber is provided with a periodic embossing pattern, the light can be refracted or diffracted into the fiber. This can be used, for example, to collect
  • Light for photovoltaic applications or for generating fluorescence in the fiber, for example in clothing fashion, can be used.
  • Embossed patterns can be applied to fibers, for example to identify the manufacturer or for other identification functions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour la structuration de surface d'une fibre synthétique. Selon ce procédé, une fibre pratiquement cylindrique (2) est munie, par façonnage plastique, d'une structure de surface prédéfinie (38, 38a, 38b). A cet effet, une fibre (2) mise à disposition dans un état plastiquement façonnable est façonnée plastiquement par estampage au moyen d'un cylindre à estamper (28) à structure microlithographique, qui présente une finesse de structure d'au plus 10 ñm. Ensuite, on fait passer la fibre à l'état figé avec conservation de la structure de surface réalisée (38, 38a, 38b).
EP04736904A 2003-06-27 2004-06-16 Procede pour la structuration de surface d'une fibre synthetique, dispositif pour l'execution de ce procede, ainsi que fibre profilee sur toute sa surface Withdrawn EP1639164A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH01135/03A CH697694B1 (de) 2003-06-27 2003-06-27 Verfahren zur Oberflächenstrukturierung einer synthetischen Faser, Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens sowie rundum flächig profilierte Faser.
PCT/CH2004/000364 WO2005001178A1 (fr) 2003-06-27 2004-06-16 Procede pour la structuration de surface d'une fibre synthetique, dispositif pour l'execution de ce procede, ainsi que fibre profilee sur toute sa surface

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1639164A1 true EP1639164A1 (fr) 2006-03-29

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04736904A Withdrawn EP1639164A1 (fr) 2003-06-27 2004-06-16 Procede pour la structuration de surface d'une fibre synthetique, dispositif pour l'execution de ce procede, ainsi que fibre profilee sur toute sa surface

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20060267245A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1639164A1 (fr)
CH (1) CH697694B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005001178A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005047786A1 (de) * 2005-10-05 2007-04-19 Urs Isler Verfahren zur Behandlung von Gamen zur Authentifizierung und Vorrichtung zum Nachweis der Authentizität
JP5619426B2 (ja) * 2007-12-26 2014-11-05 テルモ株式会社 医療用長尺体、その製造方法およびその製造装置
TW201024483A (en) * 2008-12-18 2010-07-01 Taiwan Textile Res Inst Synthetic fiber
US20210229345A1 (en) * 2018-07-25 2021-07-29 Suominen Corporation 3D printed sleeve
CN114182369B (zh) * 2022-01-11 2023-06-16 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 一种功能纤维的制备装置及方法
CN116043387A (zh) * 2022-11-28 2023-05-02 江苏诚业化纤科技有限公司 一种吸湿透气仿麻锦纶纤维及制备方法

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US3725985A (en) * 1971-05-27 1973-04-10 Stevens & Co Inc J P Apparatus for imparting crimp to textile materials of thermoplastic yarn
DE2460191A1 (de) * 1974-01-08 1975-07-10 Hepatex Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zur permanenten verformung von textilfaeden bzw. -fadenbuendeln
US4109356A (en) * 1976-12-30 1978-08-29 J. P. Stevens & Co., Inc. Process for texturing synthetic fibrous material
JPH0253911A (ja) * 1988-08-12 1990-02-22 Ube Nitto Kasei Co Ltd 高強度特殊モノフィラメント
DE19732377A1 (de) * 1997-07-25 1999-02-04 Kirschbaum Sportartikel Gmbh Saite für einen Ballspielschläger

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2005001178A1 (fr) 2005-01-06
CH697694B1 (de) 2009-01-15
US20060267245A1 (en) 2006-11-30

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