EP1593923B1 - Wärmetauscher - Google Patents

Wärmetauscher Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1593923B1
EP1593923B1 EP04425322A EP04425322A EP1593923B1 EP 1593923 B1 EP1593923 B1 EP 1593923B1 EP 04425322 A EP04425322 A EP 04425322A EP 04425322 A EP04425322 A EP 04425322A EP 1593923 B1 EP1593923 B1 EP 1593923B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
exchanger according
radial spokes
spacer
casings
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP04425322A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1593923A1 (de
Inventor
Christian Orlandi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Movi Alluminium Srl
Original Assignee
Movi Alluminium Srl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to ES04425322T priority Critical patent/ES2282835T3/es
Application filed by Movi Alluminium Srl filed Critical Movi Alluminium Srl
Priority to AT04425322T priority patent/ATE350636T1/de
Priority to EP04425322A priority patent/EP1593923B1/de
Priority to DE602004004083T priority patent/DE602004004083T2/de
Priority to PL04425322T priority patent/PL1593923T3/pl
Priority to DK04425322T priority patent/DK1593923T3/da
Priority to CNB2005800144717A priority patent/CN100516748C/zh
Priority to RU2006142764/06A priority patent/RU2374586C2/ru
Priority to US11/579,571 priority patent/US20080029255A1/en
Priority to BRPI0510673-7A priority patent/BRPI0510673A/pt
Priority to KR1020067025735A priority patent/KR20070035001A/ko
Priority to CA002565586A priority patent/CA2565586A1/en
Priority to PCT/EP2005/004574 priority patent/WO2005108895A1/en
Priority to JP2007511970A priority patent/JP2007536493A/ja
Publication of EP1593923A1 publication Critical patent/EP1593923A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1593923B1 publication Critical patent/EP1593923B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/03—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/03—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits
    • F28D1/0308—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits the conduits being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D1/0325—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits the conduits being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having lateral openings therein for circulation of the heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2240/00—Spacing means

Definitions

  • the present invention in its most general aspect, refers to a heat exchanger for the heat exchange between a first and a second fluid.
  • the invention concerns a heat exchanger for the heat exchange between pressurized fluids, of the type comprising a plurality of casings, of substantially flattened shape and of predetermined width, arranged in a pile, with an air space defined between adjacent casings in the pile, and each formed from two half-shells welded along a peripheral strip, which are in fluid communication with each other through respective holes opening into said air space.
  • Heat exchanger for the heat exchange between two fluids of the type comprising a plurality of casings or flattened tubes are known.
  • Each casing is formed from two half-shells on which respective holes are open, in corresponding positions, at which adjacent casings are joined through collectors.
  • each pair of adjacent casings defines an air space through which a first flow of fluid is conveyed, whereas a second flow of fluid at a different temperature crosses the plurality of casings.
  • the aforementioned joining collectors between adjacent casings are, according to the prior art, pieces of tubes interfacing with the half-shells and forced, through plastic deformation, around respective conical edges foreseen at the holes open on the casings.
  • Heat exchangers thus realized, although advantageous, are not free from drawbacks, including the main one represented by the low mechanical resistance that they possess and that impairs its use, in particular in the case of heat exchange between flows of fluids at high pressure values.
  • heat exchangers thus realized cannot be used, or in any case are of little industrial interest, in the case of heat exchange between flows of fluids of which at least one is at a high pressure value; where by high pressure value we mean a value greater than 10-13 bar.
  • US-A-4, 379, 486 discloses a heat-exchanger consisting of a plurality of casings with spacer elements between them.
  • the technical problem forming the basis of the present invention is that of devising a heat exchanger for the heat exchange between a first fluid and a second fluid, of the type comprising a plurality of casings, of substantially flattened shape and of predetermined width, arranged in a pile, with an air space defined between adjacent casings in the pile, and each formed from two half-shells welded along a peripheral strip, in which the aforementioned casings are in fluid communication with each other through respective holes opening into the aforementioned air space, having structural and functional characteristics such as to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks, in other words such as to ensure an unusual strength and mechanical resistance.
  • a heat exchanger of the type considered above comprising, in the aforementioned air space, at least one spacer, substantially of the sleeve type, abutting on at the top end and made integral with said adjacent casings around the respective holes opening into said air space.
  • the heat exchanger comprises irregularities associated with the aforementioned at least one spacer, which extend in the air space to rigidify the half-shells.
  • the aforementioned irregularities are radial spokes extending radially from said at least one spacer.
  • the aforementioned radial spokes are practically equally angularly spaced.
  • the aforementioned radial spokes are formed integrally with the spacer, and more preferably radial spokes and spacer are a piece of an extruded profile.
  • the aforementioned extruded profile is made from metallic material selected from the group comprising aluminium, aluminium alloys, copper, copper alloys and similar metallic materials.
  • a heat exchanger for the heat exchange between a first fluid, for example oil, and a second fluid, for example air, realized according to the present invention is globally and schematically represented with 1.
  • the heat exchanger 1 essentially comprises a plurality of casings 2, of substantially flattened shape, associated together in a predetermined distanced relationship in a pile 2a, with respective cavities 3 defined between casings.
  • the casings 2, of predetermined width L, are clamped, in a known way, between a first plate 4 and a second plate 5, the latter provided with joints 5a for the passage, for example, of the first of the aforementioned fluids.
  • the described exchanger has joints 5a of 2,54 cm (one inch).
  • Each of the casings 2 is formed from two half-shells 6 welded along a peripheral strip 6a each of which is equipped, in corresponding positions, with respective holes 7.
  • peripheral strip 6a has an outer edge 6b comprising a trim 6c bent square, and that the half-shells 6 are realized in aluminium sheet of small thickness of between 0.1 and 0.4 mm, preferably 0.3 mm.
  • the heat exchanger 1 comprises, in each of said cavities 3, a spacer 8, substantially of the sleeve type, abutting on at the top end and made integral with the aforementioned adjacent casings around each of the respective holes 7 of the half-shells 6, realizing an inviolable mechanical connection between adjacent casings.
  • the heat exchanger 1 comprises irregularities 9 associated with each spacer 8, which extend in each air space 3, constituting rigidifying elements of the half-shells 6.
  • such a predetermined number of radial spokes 9a extends up to, and abuts upon, the aforementioned trim 6c bent square.
  • the remaining radial spokes 9 of the same spacer 8, in the example three spokes indicated with 9b, are sheared according to a transversal plane, indicated with T, which constitutes the plane of reference and support for a corrugated plate, globally indicated with 11, arranged in each of the cavities 3 and called “turbulator" by the man skilled in the art.
  • a second corrugated plate or turbulator 11a is arranged inside each casing 2.
  • corrugated plates 11, 11a have the purpose of increasing the efficiency of the heat exchange of the heat exchanger 1, increasing the turbulence, by means of their corrugated surfaces, of the flows of fluids intended for the heat exchange.
  • the aforementioned radial spokes 9 are formed integrally with the spacer 8 from which they project, and more preferably radial spokes and spacer are a piece of an extruded profile made from a metallic material selected from the group comprising aluminium, copper, aluminium alloys, copper alloys and similar metallic materials.
  • the thickness s of the spacer 8 and the thicknesses of the radial spokes 9 have values of between 2 and 4 mm, preferably 3.5 mm.
  • each of the aforementioned respective holes 7 of each half-shell 6 is foreseen equipped with a centring edge 12, projecting from the half-shell 6 in the direction of the air space 3, for the alignment of the spacer 8.
  • the main advantage of the heat exchanger according to the present invention lies in its unusual strength.
  • the heat exchanger according to the invention in this way, is particularly suitable for the heat exchange between pressurized flows of fluids, also for pressures of up to 35 bar and more.
  • the mechanical resistance of the exchanger is improved by the radial spokes of the spacers, which constitute support elements for each corrugated plate arranged in the cavities.
  • the corrugated plates are stably locked by the radial spokes in an optimal position that allows an excellent increase in turbulence of the flow of fluid that crosses the cavities, and an optimal heat exchange in particular at high pressure values of such a flow.
  • the heat exchanger according to the present invention allows a heat exchange to be carried out between a first fluid conveyed inside the casings, and a second fluid conveyed into the cavities between adjacent casings, in particular and at most when both of the respective flows of such fluids are at high pressure values, thanks to the special structure described above.
  • Such an unusual strength of the heat exchanger according to the invention is achieved, advantageously, simultaneously maintaining a compact structure of the exchanger, through half-shells realized with a low thickness as required for an effective heat exchange.
  • a further advantage achieved by the heat exchanger according to the invention lies in the minimal or negligible pressure drop that the fluids undergo during the heat exchange, thanks to the aforementioned mechanical connection that ensures a better seal than that which has been provided up to now by the prior art.
  • the heat exchanger comprises spacers 8, substantially shaped like a sleeve, made integral at the top end on adjacent casings 2 and comprising radial spokes 90 projecting towards the inside of the spacer 8.
  • the aforementioned radial spokes 90 projecting towards the inside of the spacer are sheared, at their free ends, so as to surround the centring edge 12 of the respective holes 7.
  • the spacer 8 comprises a first portion 80a with a curved profile, and a second portion 80b with a squared profile constituting the reference plane for the turbulator 11.
  • the heat exchanger comprises spacers 8, substantially shaped like a sleeve, each equipped with radial spokes projecting towards the inside of the spacer, indicated with 90a, and radial spokes projecting towards the outside of the spacer and indicated with 90b.
  • the holes 7 open on the half-shells 6 of the casings 2 are oblong.
  • Holes extending transversally are particularly advantageous in the case of large widths of the exchanger, foreseen to withstand high flow rates of the fluid circulating in the half-shells of the exchanger itself.

Claims (16)

  1. Wärmetauscher für den Wärmeaustausch zwischen einem ersten Fluid und einem zweiten Fluid in der Art, die umfassend eine Vielzahl von Gehäusen (2) von im wesentlichen abgeflachter Gestalt und mit einer vorherbestimmten Breite (L) umfasst, die in einem Stapel (2a) angeordnet sind, wobei ein Luftraum (3) zwischen benachbarten Gehäusen in dem Stapel definiert ist, und jeweils aus zwei Halbschalen (6) ausgebildet sind, die entlang eines Umfangsstreifens (6a) verschweißt sind, wobei die Gehäuse (2) miteinander über entsprechende Löcher (7) in fluider Verbindung stehen, die sich in den Luftraum (3) öffnen, und die auch mindestens einen im wesentlichen hülsenartigen Abstandshalter (8) in dem Luftraum (3), der integral am oberen Ende mit den benachbarten Gehäusen (2) um die entsprechenden Löcher (7) herum, die sich in den Luftraum (3) öffnen, ausgebildet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er Unregelmäßigkeiten (9) umfasst, die aus radialen Speichen (9a, 9b, 90, 90a, 90b) bestehen, die mit mindestens einem Abstandshalter (8) assoziiert sind und sich von diesem radial in den Luftraum (3) erstrecken, um die Halbschalen (6) zu versteifen.
  2. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die radialen Speichen (9a, 9b, 90b) sich nach außen erstrecken.
  3. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die radialen Speichen (90, 90a) sich nach innen erstrecken.
  4. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die radialen Speichen sich nach außen erstreckende (90b) und sich nach innen erstreckende (90a) radiale Speichen sind.
  5. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die sich nach außen erstreckenden radialen Speichen (90b) in Verlängerung der sich nach innen erstreckenden radialen Speichen (90a) angeordnet sind.
  6. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 2 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich eine vorbestimmte Zahl der radialen Speichen (9a), die sich in Richtung des Äußeren des mindestens einen Abstandshalters (8) erstrecken, mindestens bis zum peripheren Streifen (6a) erstrecken.
  7. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede Halbschale (6) am äußeren Rand (6b) des Umfangsstreifens (6a) eine rechtwinklige Abkantung (6c) umfasst und dass die vorbestimmte Zahl von radialen Speichen (9a), die sich auf der Außenseite erstrecken, sich bis zur Abkantung (6c) erstrecken.
  8. Wärmetauscher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die radialen Speichen (9a, 9b, 90, 90a, 90b) einstückig mit dem mindestens einen Abstandshalter (8) ausgebildet sind.
  9. Wärmetauscher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der mindestens eine Abstandshalter (8) und die radialen Speichen (9a, 9b, 90, 90a, 90b) ein Stück eines extrudierten Profils sind.
  10. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Stück extrudierten Profils aus einem metallischen Material ausgewählt aus der Gruppe umfassend Aluminium, Aluminiumlegierungen, Kupfer, Kupferlegierungen und ähnliche metallische Materialien hergestellt ist.
  11. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die radialen Speichen (9a, 9b, 90, 90a, 90b) im Wesentlichen winklig gleich beabstandet sind.
  12. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine vorherbestimmte Zahl der radialen Speichen (9b) bezüglich einer Ebene (T) abgeschert sind, die die Bezugs- und Stützebene für eine gewellte Platte (11) ausbildet, die in dem Luftraum (3) angeordnet ist.
  13. Wärmetauscher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens eines der sich in den Luftraum (3) öffnenden Löcher (7) mit einem Zentrierrand (12) für den mindestens einen Abstandshalter (8) versehen ist.
  14. Wärmetauscher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die entsprechenden Löcher (7) in einer vorherbestimmten Richtung länglich ausgebildet sind.
  15. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die entsprechenden Löcher (7) in Richtung der Breite (L) der Gehäuse (2) länglich sind.
  16. Wärmetauscher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der mindestens ein Abstandshalter (8) eine vorherbestimmte Dicke zwischen 2 und 4 mm, vorzugsweise 3,5 mm, aufweist.
EP04425322A 2004-05-06 2004-05-06 Wärmetauscher Active EP1593923B1 (de)

Priority Applications (14)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT04425322T ATE350636T1 (de) 2004-05-06 2004-05-06 Wärmetauscher
EP04425322A EP1593923B1 (de) 2004-05-06 2004-05-06 Wärmetauscher
DE602004004083T DE602004004083T2 (de) 2004-05-06 2004-05-06 Wärmetauscher
PL04425322T PL1593923T3 (pl) 2004-05-06 2004-05-06 Wymiennik ciepła
DK04425322T DK1593923T3 (da) 2004-05-06 2004-05-06 Varmeveksler
ES04425322T ES2282835T3 (es) 2004-05-06 2004-05-06 Intercambiador de calor.
RU2006142764/06A RU2374586C2 (ru) 2004-05-06 2005-04-28 Теплообменник
US11/579,571 US20080029255A1 (en) 2004-05-06 2005-04-28 Heat Exchanger
CNB2005800144717A CN100516748C (zh) 2004-05-06 2005-04-28 换热器
BRPI0510673-7A BRPI0510673A (pt) 2004-05-06 2005-04-28 trocador de calor
KR1020067025735A KR20070035001A (ko) 2004-05-06 2005-04-28 열교환기
CA002565586A CA2565586A1 (en) 2004-05-06 2005-04-28 Heat exchanger
PCT/EP2005/004574 WO2005108895A1 (en) 2004-05-06 2005-04-28 Heat exchanger
JP2007511970A JP2007536493A (ja) 2004-05-06 2005-04-28 熱交換器

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04425322A EP1593923B1 (de) 2004-05-06 2004-05-06 Wärmetauscher

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1593923A1 EP1593923A1 (de) 2005-11-09
EP1593923B1 true EP1593923B1 (de) 2007-01-03

Family

ID=34932482

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04425322A Active EP1593923B1 (de) 2004-05-06 2004-05-06 Wärmetauscher

Country Status (14)

Country Link
US (1) US20080029255A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1593923B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2007536493A (de)
KR (1) KR20070035001A (de)
CN (1) CN100516748C (de)
AT (1) ATE350636T1 (de)
BR (1) BRPI0510673A (de)
CA (1) CA2565586A1 (de)
DE (1) DE602004004083T2 (de)
DK (1) DK1593923T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2282835T3 (de)
PL (1) PL1593923T3 (de)
RU (1) RU2374586C2 (de)
WO (1) WO2005108895A1 (de)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009050889A1 (de) * 2009-10-27 2011-04-28 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Abgasverdampfer
US8522861B2 (en) * 2010-03-29 2013-09-03 Hamilton Sundstrand Space Systems International, Inc. Integral cold plate and structural member
WO2012027688A1 (en) * 2010-08-26 2012-03-01 Modine Manufacturing Company Waste heat recovery system and method of operating the same
JP2012096779A (ja) * 2010-10-07 2012-05-24 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 熱媒体加熱装置およびそれを備えた車両用空調装置
US20110223022A1 (en) * 2011-01-28 2011-09-15 General Electric Company Actuatable surface features for wind turbine rotor blades
KR101371641B1 (ko) * 2011-12-15 2014-03-10 주식회사 한국쿨러 보강 판넬 및 이를 채용하는 판형 열교환기
US9267491B2 (en) 2013-07-02 2016-02-23 General Electric Company Wind turbine rotor blade having a spoiler

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DE7115268U (de) * 1971-07-29 Steeb D Wärmetauscher mit parallel zueinander angeordneten Flachrohren
US3308879A (en) * 1964-06-10 1967-03-14 Maddocks Herbert Fernyhough Heat exchangers
US3444926A (en) * 1967-11-28 1969-05-20 Rosenblads Patenter Ab Arrangement in heat exchangers of the plate type
JPS5623700A (en) * 1979-08-03 1981-03-06 Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd Heat exchanger
JPS60238688A (ja) * 1984-05-11 1985-11-27 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 熱交換器
DE3521914A1 (de) * 1984-06-20 1986-01-02 Showa Aluminum Corp., Sakai, Osaka Waermetauscher in fluegelplattenbauweise
SE462763B (sv) * 1989-04-28 1990-08-27 Torell Ab Plattvaermevaexlare/kylare samt saett att tillverka denna
FR2657423B1 (fr) * 1990-01-25 1998-01-02 Valeo Thermique Moteur Sa Echangeur de chaleur a lames allongees, en particulier radiateur de refroidissement d'huile.
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JP2547545Y2 (ja) * 1991-05-01 1997-09-10 東洋ラジエーター株式会社 積層型熱交換器
DE4223321A1 (de) * 1992-07-16 1994-01-20 Tenez A S Geschweißter Plattenwärmetauscher
CA2153528C (en) * 1995-07-10 2006-12-05 Bruce Laurance Evans Plate heat exchanger with reinforced input/output manifolds
EP0943884B1 (de) * 1996-12-05 2003-04-02 Showa Denko Kabushiki Kaisha Wärmetauscher
JP2000329493A (ja) * 1999-05-20 2000-11-30 Toyo Radiator Co Ltd 積層型熱交換器
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2007536493A (ja) 2007-12-13
KR20070035001A (ko) 2007-03-29
ATE350636T1 (de) 2007-01-15
EP1593923A1 (de) 2005-11-09
ES2282835T3 (es) 2007-10-16
PL1593923T3 (pl) 2007-05-31
BRPI0510673A (pt) 2007-12-26
DE602004004083T2 (de) 2007-11-15
CN100516748C (zh) 2009-07-22
US20080029255A1 (en) 2008-02-07
DK1593923T3 (da) 2007-05-14
CN1977137A (zh) 2007-06-06
RU2006142764A (ru) 2008-06-20
WO2005108895A8 (en) 2006-03-02
RU2374586C2 (ru) 2009-11-27
CA2565586A1 (en) 2005-11-17
DE602004004083D1 (de) 2007-02-15
WO2005108895A1 (en) 2005-11-17

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