EP1593437A1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Kaltgasspritzen - Google Patents
Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Kaltgasspritzen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1593437A1 EP1593437A1 EP05009467A EP05009467A EP1593437A1 EP 1593437 A1 EP1593437 A1 EP 1593437A1 EP 05009467 A EP05009467 A EP 05009467A EP 05009467 A EP05009467 A EP 05009467A EP 1593437 A1 EP1593437 A1 EP 1593437A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- particles
- nozzle
- energy
- microwave waveguide
- substrate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
- B05B7/16—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
- B05B7/14—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas designed for spraying particulate materials
- B05B7/1404—Arrangements for supplying particulate material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
- B05B7/14—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas designed for spraying particulate materials
- B05B7/1481—Spray pistols or apparatus for discharging particulate material
- B05B7/1486—Spray pistols or apparatus for discharging particulate material for spraying particulate material in dry state
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/02—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of pressure only
- C23C24/04—Impact or kinetic deposition of particles
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for cold gas spraying, wherein particles in a Gas jet are accelerated and the particles at high speed on a Impact the workpiece, and the gas jet by relaxation in a nozzle is accelerated and cools down. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for cold gas spraying comprising a nozzle which converges in a convergent Nozzle section and a nozzle outlet divided.
- a gas in a de Laval nozzle becomes supersonic accelerated.
- the coating material is used as a powder before or after Nozzle neck injected into the gas jet and accelerated towards the substrate.
- the on High speed particles form a dense and firm on impact adhesive layer. For this, the particles must deform.
- a heating up of the Gas jet increases the flow velocity of the gas and thus also the Particle velocity.
- the associated associated heating of the particles favors deformation on impact.
- the gas temperature is clearly below the melting temperature of the coating material, so that a Melting of the particles in the gas jet can not take place.
- Melt-related disadvantages such as oxidation and other phase transformations avoid.
- the method of cold gas spraying includes, for example, EP 484 533.
- a method with acceleration close to speeds Speed of sound includes, for example, DE 101 19 288.
- a Laval nozzle is divided into a convergent section that ends in the nozzle throat, and in an am Nozzle throat beginning divergent section.
- a nozzle in which gas is almost on Speed of sound is divided into a convergent section, which ends in the nozzle throat and a subsequent to the nozzle throat section, the conical or cylindrical is designed.
- the invention has for its object to provide a method and a device, the comparatively high temperature of the particles upon impact with the Substrate enable.
- the particles Energy is supplied via microwave technology.
- microwave technology supplied energy the particles are heated. Deform warmer particles when hitting the workpiece better than colder particles, because next to the kinetic energy and the thermal energy of the particles for layer formation is available. This improves the quality of the coating in relation on layer properties and adhesion to the substrate.
- the increase in the Available energy leads to an improvement in the adhesion of the particles the background and the particles with each other.
- Process is the loss of heat that the particles due to at the Experience acceleration of the gas jet sinking of the gas temperature, compensated, at least in part.
- the heat loss through the Energy input via the microwave technology not only caught, but the particles are heated above the outlet temperature in front of the nozzle throat. Since the heat favors the plastic deformability, the stronger the particles heated, the easier it is to deform the particles on impact. As long as the temperature of the heated particles is below the melting point of the particles is formed, forms a coating or a molding, which in their properties for the cold gas spraying is typical. Are used in heating temperatures above the Melting point of the particles reached, the particles are melted or melted. One Melting of the particles changes the properties of the coating, especially in Relation to the stress conditions in the coating. However, in In various cases, coatings made from or remelted Be formed particles, be beneficial.
- the particles are supplied with the energy in the nozzle.
- Loss of heat which the particles in the nozzle by the cooling of the gas jet is partially compensated, fully compensated or overcompensates, where the cooling of the particles takes place on the acceleration the gas in the nozzle and the associated cooling is due.
- the Temperature of the particles therefore drops only slightly and extreme fluctuations are avoided.
- the particles are supplied with the energy after they have reached the nozzle have left.
- the time available for heating is particularly long. This is advantageous if the particles are to be heated very strongly or can be heated very badly or if the microwave technology only one low power delivers.
- the particles only after the energy leaving the nozzle is supplied.
- the advantage here is that the Microwave waveguide does not need to surround the nozzle and also not in his Properties influenced by the nozzle.
- metallic particles or non-metallic Particles that absorb microwaves used. Absorb the particles Microwave radiation, the particles are through a direct interaction with the Heated microwaves. Metallic particles absorb microwaves and are suitable as Coating material. Of the non-metallic, microwave absorbing Particles are in particular silicon carbides and zirconium oxides as Coating material.
- the particles meet at a temperature of 10 to 800 ° C, preferably from 20 to 500 ° C, more preferably from 100 to 400 ° C on the Substrate. If the temperature of the spray particles is between about room temperature and the given values in the range of a few hundred degrees Celsius are the Particles are well heated so that they deform slightly on impact, but usually not yet melted, so that for the cold gas spraying typical coatings arise.
- Microwave radiation of these ISM frequencies are particularly easy to handle and are suitable for heating the particles.
- the nozzle is at least partially surrounded by a microwave waveguide (6) and / or one / Microwave waveguide (6) at least partially the spray free jet between Nozzle outlet (3) and substrate encloses.
- the nozzle is thus at least partially surrounded by a microwave waveguide and / or to the Nozzle outlet closes either directly or at a distance Microwave waveguide on.
- At least a portion of the nozzle outlet from a Ceramics, preferably made of alumina.
- the microwave waveguide advantageously surrounds at least the ceramic section of the nozzle outlet.
- the microwaves penetrate the ceramic section is particularly low-loss and are made of particles in the Düseninnem absorbed, whereby the particles heat up.
- the nozzle outlet is divergent or cylindrical or tapered designed. Such nozzle geometries are particularly suitable Way to cold gas spraying.
- Figures 1 and 2 include a nozzle 1 with a convergent nozzle portion 2 and a nozzle outlet 3 and a ceramic section 4 and a substrate 5 and a microwave waveguide 6 with a connection 7 to a microwave source.
- the nozzle 1 is divided into the convergent nozzle section 2, which merges into the nozzle outlet 3 at the nozzle neck.
- the nozzle is inserted into the microwave waveguide 6.
- the microwave waveguide 6 is connected via a connection 7 to the microwave source.
- the metallic material from which nozzles normally made be replaced by a ceramic In part of the Nozzle, which includes the majority of the nozzle outlet 3 and to the nozzle end ranges, is the metallic material from which nozzles normally made be replaced by a ceramic.
- the metallic material of the nozzle outlet 4 now penetrate the microwaves of the microwave waveguide 6 in the nozzle, while the metallic material of the nozzle shields the microwaves.
- the microwaves are absorbed by the particles and the particles heat up yourself. The heated particles hit the substrate 5 and form there Coating off.
- the metallic material is only in a small area at the end of the nozzle outlet 3 replaced by a ceramic.
- This ceramic section 4 roughly and almost the entire path that the particles between nozzle exit and substrate 5 as spray free jet cover, is of the Microwave waveguide 6 surrounded. The particles are thus on the last piece in the nozzle and after the nozzle exit to just before the substrate 5 is heated.
- a microwave waveguide used which is designed as a rectangular microwave waveguide.
- Microwave waveguide are used to transmit microwaves over short distances. Particles that move in the microwave waveguide absorb the microwaves and heat up.
- the rectangular microwave waveguide forms a standing wave which is particularly suitable for energy transfer.
- this operated with ISM frequencies.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Figur 1
- eine beispielhafte Ausgestaltung, in welcher die Düse zu einem großen Teil von einem Mikrowellenhohlleiter umgeben ist, und
- Figur 2
- eine beispielhafte Ausgestaltung, in welcher ein Teil des Düseauslaufs und der Weg der Partikel von der Düse bis in die Nähe des Substrats von einem Mikrowellenhohlleiter umgeben ist.
- 1
- Düse
- 2
- konvergenter Düsenabschnitt
- 3
- Düsenauslauf
- 4
- keramischer Abschnitt des Düsenauslaufs
- 5
- Substrat
- 6
- Mikrowellenhohlleiter
- 7
- Anschluss des Mikrowellenhohlleiter an die Mikrowellenquelle
Claims (10)
- Verfahren zum Kaltgasspritzen, wobei Partikel in einem Gasstrahl beschleunigt werden und die Partikel mit hoher Geschwindigkeit auf ein Substrat (5) auftreffen, und wobei der Gasstrahl durch Entspannung in einer Düse (1) beschleunigt wird und sich dabei abkühlt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass den Partikeln über Mikrowellentechnik (6, 7) Energie zugeführt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass den Partikeln die Energie in der Düse zugeführt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass den Partikeln die Energie zugeführt wird, nachdem sie die Düse verlassen haben.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass metallische Partikel oder nichtmetallische Partikel, die Mikrowellen absorbieren, verwendet werden.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Partikel mit einer Temperatur von 10 bis 800 °C, vorzugsweise von 20 bis 500 °C, besonders bevorzugt von 100 bis 400 °C auf das Substrat auftreffen.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Energie mit einer Frequenz von 915 MHz, 2,45 GHz oder/und 5,8 GHz zugeführt wird.
- Vorrichtung zum Kaltgasspritzen umfassend eine Düse (1), die sich in einen konvergent zulaufenden Düsenabschnitt (2) und einen Düsenauslauf (3) gliedert, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Düse zumindest teilweise von einem Mikrowellenhohlleiter (6) umgeben ist oder/und ein/der Mikrowellenhohlleiter (6) zumindest teilweise den Spritzfreistrahl zwischen Düsenaustritt (3) und Substrat (5) umschließt.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zumindest ein Abschnitt des Düsenauslaufs aus einer Keramik (4), vorzugsweise aus Aluminiumoxid, gefertigt ist.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Mikrowellenhohlleiter (6) zumindest den keramischen Abschnitt (4) des Düsenauslaufs (3) umgibt.
- Vorrichtung nach einem Ansprüche 7 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Düsenauslauf (3) divergierend oder zylindrisch oder konisch zulaufend gestaltet ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102004021846 | 2004-05-04 | ||
DE102004021846 | 2004-05-04 | ||
DE102004029354A DE102004029354A1 (de) | 2004-05-04 | 2004-06-17 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Kaltgasspritzen |
DE102004029354 | 2004-06-17 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1593437A1 true EP1593437A1 (de) | 2005-11-09 |
EP1593437B1 EP1593437B1 (de) | 2006-10-25 |
Family
ID=34935968
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP05009467A Active EP1593437B1 (de) | 2004-05-04 | 2005-04-29 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Kaltgasspritzen |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20060027687A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1593437B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE343431T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE102004029354A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102007009600A1 (de) | 2007-02-26 | 2008-08-28 | Linde Ag | Verfahren zum Substratbeschichten durch thermisches oder kinetisches Spritzen |
Families Citing this family (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU2434073C9 (ru) * | 2005-05-05 | 2012-12-27 | Х.К. Штарк Гмбх | Способ покрытия поверхности субстрата и продукт с нанесенным покрытием |
WO2008037237A1 (de) * | 2006-09-29 | 2008-04-03 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur abscheidung einer nichtmetallischen beschichtung mittels kaltgas-spritzen |
US20080078268A1 (en) | 2006-10-03 | 2008-04-03 | H.C. Starck Inc. | Process for preparing metal powders having low oxygen content, powders so-produced and uses thereof |
CN101730757B (zh) * | 2006-11-07 | 2015-09-30 | H.C.施塔克有限公司 | 涂覆基材表面的方法和经过涂覆的产品 |
US20080145688A1 (en) | 2006-12-13 | 2008-06-19 | H.C. Starck Inc. | Method of joining tantalum clade steel structures |
US8197894B2 (en) | 2007-05-04 | 2012-06-12 | H.C. Starck Gmbh | Methods of forming sputtering targets |
DE102007023444B4 (de) * | 2007-05-16 | 2009-04-09 | Xtreme Technologies Gmbh | Einrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Gasvorhangs für plasmabasierte EUV-Strahlungsquellen |
JP5171125B2 (ja) * | 2007-06-25 | 2013-03-27 | プラズマ技研工業株式会社 | コールドスプレー用のノズル及びそのコールドスプレー用のノズルを用いたコールドスプレー装置 |
US8246903B2 (en) * | 2008-09-09 | 2012-08-21 | H.C. Starck Inc. | Dynamic dehydriding of refractory metal powders |
US8192799B2 (en) * | 2008-12-03 | 2012-06-05 | Asb Industries, Inc. | Spray nozzle assembly for gas dynamic cold spray and method of coating a substrate with a high temperature coating |
US20120010645A1 (en) * | 2009-03-20 | 2012-01-12 | Proarc Medical Ltd. | Methods and devices for urethral treatment |
WO2013049274A2 (en) | 2011-09-29 | 2013-04-04 | H.C. Starck, Inc. | Large-area sputtering targets and methods of manufacturing large-area sputtering targets |
DE102012000816A1 (de) | 2012-01-17 | 2013-07-18 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum thermischen Spritzen |
US9335296B2 (en) | 2012-10-10 | 2016-05-10 | Westinghouse Electric Company Llc | Systems and methods for steam generator tube analysis for detection of tube degradation |
DE102016217367A1 (de) | 2016-09-13 | 2018-03-15 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Aktivmaterials für eine Elektrode einer Batteriezelle, Anordnung zur Herstellung eines Aktivmaterials für eine Elektrode einer Batteriezelle und Batteriezelle |
DE102018209937A1 (de) | 2018-06-20 | 2019-12-24 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Polymerverbundwerkstoffs für eine elektrochemische Zelle mittels eines gequollenen Polymers |
US11935662B2 (en) | 2019-07-02 | 2024-03-19 | Westinghouse Electric Company Llc | Elongate SiC fuel elements |
JP7440621B2 (ja) | 2019-09-19 | 2024-02-28 | ウェスティングハウス エレクトリック カンパニー エルエルシー | コールドスプレー堆積物のその場付着試験を行うための装置及びその使用方法 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0484533A1 (de) * | 1990-05-19 | 1992-05-13 | Anatoly Nikiforovich Papyrin | Beschichtungsverfahren und -vorrichtung |
DE10119288A1 (de) * | 2001-04-20 | 2002-10-24 | Georg Koppenwallner | Verfahren und Einrichtung zur gasdynamischen Beschichtung von Oberflächen mit Schalldüsen |
DE10207525A1 (de) * | 2002-02-22 | 2003-09-04 | Linde Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Kaltgasspritzen |
-
2004
- 2004-06-17 DE DE102004029354A patent/DE102004029354A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2005
- 2005-04-29 AT AT05009467T patent/ATE343431T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-04-29 EP EP05009467A patent/EP1593437B1/de active Active
- 2005-04-29 DE DE502005000149T patent/DE502005000149D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-05-03 US US11/119,724 patent/US20060027687A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0484533A1 (de) * | 1990-05-19 | 1992-05-13 | Anatoly Nikiforovich Papyrin | Beschichtungsverfahren und -vorrichtung |
DE10119288A1 (de) * | 2001-04-20 | 2002-10-24 | Georg Koppenwallner | Verfahren und Einrichtung zur gasdynamischen Beschichtung von Oberflächen mit Schalldüsen |
DE10207525A1 (de) * | 2002-02-22 | 2003-09-04 | Linde Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Kaltgasspritzen |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102007009600A1 (de) | 2007-02-26 | 2008-08-28 | Linde Ag | Verfahren zum Substratbeschichten durch thermisches oder kinetisches Spritzen |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20060027687A1 (en) | 2006-02-09 |
ATE343431T1 (de) | 2006-11-15 |
EP1593437B1 (de) | 2006-10-25 |
DE502005000149D1 (de) | 2006-12-07 |
DE102004029354A1 (de) | 2005-12-01 |
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