EP1590140B1 - Dispositif pour mouler des melanges - Google Patents

Dispositif pour mouler des melanges Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1590140B1
EP1590140B1 EP04706668A EP04706668A EP1590140B1 EP 1590140 B1 EP1590140 B1 EP 1590140B1 EP 04706668 A EP04706668 A EP 04706668A EP 04706668 A EP04706668 A EP 04706668A EP 1590140 B1 EP1590140 B1 EP 1590140B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
unbalanced shafts
mold
unbalanced
aforementioned
spring elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP04706668A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1590140A1 (fr
Inventor
Günter Becker
Helmut Kuch
Jürgen MARTIN
Jörg-Henry Schwabe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Institut fuer Fertigteiltechnik und Fertigbau Weimar eV
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Institut fuer Fertigteiltechnik und Fertigbau Weimar eV
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/08—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by vibrating or jolting
    • B28B1/087—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by vibrating or jolting by means acting on the mould ; Fixation thereof to the mould
    • B28B1/0873—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by vibrating or jolting by means acting on the mould ; Fixation thereof to the mould the mould being placed on vibrating or jolting supports, e.g. moulding tables
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/10—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of mechanical energy
    • B06B1/16—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of mechanical energy operating with systems involving rotary unbalanced masses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/0002—Auxiliary parts or elements of the mould
    • B28B7/0014—Fastening means for mould parts, e.g. for attaching mould walls on mould tables; Mould clamps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/02—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space
    • B30B11/022—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space whereby the material is subjected to vibrations

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for shaping mixtures, preferably of concrete quantities for stone production, comprising a mold for receiving the concrete amount, a table with which the mold is coupled via bracing elements, a vibration generating system attached to the table for generating harmonic oscillations and their transmission to the Table, a load in the form of a punch for applying the concrete amount with a force, first spring elements for elastic storage of the table, second spring elements for elastic storage of the ballast, and refers to the problem of concrete block production by means of harmonic vibration.
  • the recording form is usually made of a so-called range - for example, a board, a plastic plate or a steel sheet - and a molding box, which defines the side walls of the concrete products and rests on the pallet. This has mainly production reasons, since the removal of the finished concrete goods takes place on these pallets, but also significantly influences the behavior of the shock vibration.
  • harmonic vibration If you do not want to miss the shock vibration, the absence of the acceleration peaks generated by the bounce impacts must be replaced by correspondingly higher forces in the harmonic vibration. However, these high forces can not be generated with the known motor-driven unbalance exciters. If, however, instead of motor-driven unbalance exciter one or more hydraulically actuated servo cylinder, so can the required generate high forces and exploit the principle of harmonic vibration. Devices based on hydraulic drive for the production of concrete blocks are also described in the above-mentioned articles by Schlecht and Neubauer as well as in the document WO 01/47698 A1 described. One of the benefits of harmonic vibration is that wear is significantly reduced, noise emissions - the pallet, mold box and table are firmly clamped together - can be reduced, cement consumption reduced and production times reduced.
  • Servohydraulik requires an extreme purity of the oil, which can be maintained in the environment of a concrete plant only with great effort.
  • the energy requirement of a hydraulic-based device is significantly higher than in conventional electric motor-operated shock vibration devices.
  • the cost of such a servo-hydraulic system are significantly higher than for an electric motor drive.
  • Fig. 2 shown a vibrating device with eight unbalanced shafts. Each two unbalanced shafts are coupled together, each of the unbalanced shaft pairs has its own drive.
  • the vibrating device consists of two vibrating tables.
  • Fig. 3 The above-mentioned script also describes a two-part vibrating table, but here the eight unbalanced shafts are not coupled, each of the unbalanced shafts has its own drive.
  • a device for the production of concrete parts is described, according to the preamble of Ansprüchs 1.
  • This device has a device for locking a mold with a vibrating table. On each of two opposite sides of the mold frame one of these devices is provided.
  • In the device is a symmetrically formed, driven by a hydraulic multi-link transmission with seven links, which operates on the toggle lever principle. The upward force generated by the hydraulics is transmitted through the joints directed to plungers that press on the mold and press it to the table.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to develop a device for compressing mixture, in particular of concrete quantity for concrete block production, based on harmonic vibration, which manages without the disadvantages of shock vibration and the hydraulic drive and yet provides sufficiently high accelerations or forces available.
  • the object is achieved in that at least eight rotating unbalanced shafts are provided with mutually parallel axes of rotation in the vibration generating system.
  • the unbalanced shafts are coupled in pairs in their rotational movement and each pair of unbalanced shafts has a common axis of rotation and is driven independently of the other pairs.
  • an imbalance shaft is replaced by a coupled pair of unbalanced shafts. This inevitably requires that the unbalanced shafts must be constructed squat and shorter.
  • tension members are attached with their one end to the table and with its other end in the clamped state positively connected to the mold.
  • the tension members may also be attached with one end to the mold and be frictionally connected with its other end in the clamped state with the table.
  • the pivot point of the tension on the table can be lowered in the height level.
  • the usage of tension members over the conventionally used Verspannhebeln in the amount of the form connections has the advantage that on far projecting parts, as they were previously necessary for the tensioning mechanism, and at high vibration accelerations, as they arise when using harmonic vibrations and resonances, especially against breakage are at risk, can be dispensed with.
  • the tension members are attached with their one end at an angle of more than 0 ° with respect to the perpendicular to the table, preferably at an angle between 10 ° and 30 °.
  • bracing elements at the table wedges and on the form tie rods with matching for the wedges openings, wherein in the clamped state, the wedges are driven into the openings of the tie rods.
  • a hydraulic or pneumatic forward and reverse drive is expediently provided for the wedges.
  • the unbalanced shafts In order to reduce wear, it is advantageous to provide for the unbalanced shafts a bending stiffness of EI ⁇ 2 * 10 5 Nm 2 , where E denotes the modulus of elasticity of the material used for the unbalanced shafts and I the area moment of inertia of the imbalance shaft.
  • E denotes the modulus of elasticity of the material used for the unbalanced shafts
  • I the area moment of inertia of the imbalance shaft.
  • the unbalanced steel shaft with a diameter of at least 80 mm is expediently made for this purpose.
  • cylindrical roller bearings In a further embodiment of the invention for mounting the unbalanced shafts mounted on the table mounts are provided with cylindrical roller bearings.
  • two cylindrical roller bearings are provided with a bearing distance of about 150 mm for the storage of each unbalanced shaft.
  • Cylindrical roller bearings have the advantage of a higher load capacity compared to the commonly used spherical roller bearings. Due to the smaller distance between the roller bearings in conjunction with the higher bending stiffness of the imbalance shafts, the angular deviations in the bearings are minimized, so that the edge load is lower at the camps. The life of the bearings is increased in this way over conventional devices.
  • the coupling in the rotational movement of two combined unbalanced shafts in a pair can be configured as an electronic clutch, wherein the imbalance shafts are driven synchronized and the synchronization takes place via an electronic control.
  • Easier and cheaper, and therefore preferable is the pairwise coupling of two unbalanced shafts by means of an elastic coupling. This must be as stiff as possible against rotation, with respect to misalignment, which may occur due to deviations of the current local position of the axes of rotation of both unbalanced shafts to each other in the clutch, but be formed as tolerant.
  • the elastic coupling has a torsional stiffness of at least 10 4 Nm / rad and a radial spring stiffness of at most 2 * 10 7 N / m.
  • the table with shape and amount of concrete can be harmonically vibrated particularly effectively if the vibrations generated by the unbalance exciters with the natural frequency of the vibrating bandage on the first spring elements, which are used for elastic storage of the table, agree:
  • their resonance can be used
  • the first spring elements must be carried out in the rule very stiff. This has the disadvantage that in the case of resonance, a significant vibration transfer to the environment takes place.
  • the ballast and the second spring elements for elastic mounting of the ballast also applies to the ballast and the second spring elements for elastic mounting of the ballast.
  • a good vibration isolation from the environment can be achieved only with soft first and second spring elements.
  • the only usable resonant vibrations would be in this case the mediated by the concrete amount relative movement between the table and ballast.
  • the concrete spring acting in this way is heavily dependent on the mixture and the progress of the compression, making it difficult to exploit the resonance.
  • table and ballast are coupled via third spring elements.
  • third spring elements Preferably, mechanical or hydraulic springs, each with variable spring forces, are provided as third spring elements. These third spring elements can then be tuned to a predetermined operating frequency, so that changes in the spring force of the concrete spring in the sum of all springs significantly lower impact and even, with variable spring forces of the third spring elements, can be compensated.
  • the mold consists of a magnetizable material. This is usually the case since the molds are usually made of steel. If a two-part mold is used, not only the molding box but also the pallet between the molding box and the table must be made of magnetizable material, for example steel sheet. When the magnets are switched on when the mold is lying on, they attract the mold by means of electromagnetic force and clamp it in this way.
  • Fig.1 is the basic structure of a device according to the invention for shaping mixtures, in particular for the production of concrete blocks shown.
  • a mold 2 containing concrete amount 3.
  • the mold 2 can be made in one piece, but usually bottom and side surfaces of the concrete blocks are defined by different, separable parts of the mold 2, which is made clear in the drawing by a broken line in the mold 2.
  • the side surfaces are defined by a molding box made of steel, to define the bottom surfaces may serve a so-called range, such as a board or a steel sheet, on which the finished concrete blocks can also be removed.
  • a load 4 is arranged above the mold 2 .
  • first spring elements 5 are arranged, which serve the elastic storage of the table 1 from the environment.
  • Table 1 and load 4 are coupled via third spring elements 7.
  • eight rotating unbalanced shafts 8 are arranged, wherein the unbalanced shafts 8 are coupled in pairs in their rotational movement and each pair of unbalanced shafts 8 has a common axis of rotation.
  • the axes of rotation of the unbalanced shafts 8 extend in Fig.1 perpendicular to the viewing plane.
  • the table 1 is set with the mold 2 and the concrete amount contained therein 3 in harmonic oscillations. He swings against the ballast 4, which is coupled to the table on the concrete amount 3 and the third spring elements 7 and in turn is also vibrated.
  • the third spring elements 7 are designed as a function of the concrete quantity so that the resonance of the mutually oscillating system from table 1 and 4 load can be exploited as efficiently as possible over the entire compression process, ie the dependence of the resonant frequency of the compression state of the concrete amount, without the use of third spring elements 7 would be very strong, as far as possible is reduced.
  • the third spring elements 7 must also be designed so that they allow the relative movements that occur between table 1 and 4 Auflast during compression and demoulding. This can be z. B. be realized by means of hydraulic cylinders. Another possibility is, the third spring elements 7 only temporarily, when table 1 and 4 load on each other, is coupled. Here are steel, rubber or air springs.
  • the mold 2 is held by bracing on the table.
  • the bracing elements are designed as hydraulically operated tie rods 9, which are pivotally mounted with its one end to the table about an axis perpendicular to the plane of the drawing.
  • a pull of the form 2 is applied downward by the hydraulic tie rods 9, for loosening the upper ends of the tie rods 9 are pushed by the hydraulic up and folded out laterally, so that the shape can be easily changed can.
  • the hydraulically operated tie rods can also be arranged at the same time with a small angle of about 10 ° to 30 ° to the vertical. You then do not have to be folded out laterally, because by the oblique arrangement, the tension contours when relaxing due to the design of the Collision space of the Formhub Gay be extended and the shape so easier to take out and be changed.
  • Fig. 2 another alternative tensioning mechanism is shown.
  • a pull rod 10 is attached on the mold 2, here designed in one piece.
  • the lower end of the pull rod 10 projects into a recessed area of the table 1 provided for this purpose.
  • the hatched areas of tie rod 10 and table 1 in Fig.2 indicate a cross section through both elements.
  • At the lower end of the tie rod 10 is an opening into which a wedge 11 attached to the table is hydraulically driven. The wedge 11 can be withdrawn by means of hydraulics from the opening of the pull rod 10 and the mold 2 are removed from the table 1.
  • FIG. 3 shows an imbalance shaft 12 of conventional design, as it is not suitable for concrete block production by means of harmonic vibration.
  • the imbalance shaft 12 is driven by a drive 13 which is decoupled from vibrational reasons stored by the table 1.
  • the unbalanced mass and the imbalance forces generated therewith are set narrow limits of up to 50 kN per unbalanced shaft, otherwise the bearings would be exposed to unacceptably high loads, along with very short bearing life.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
  • Machine Tool Units (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Tubular Articles Or Embedded Moulded Articles (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
  • Vending Machines For Individual Products (AREA)
  • Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Dispositif de moulage de mélanges, de préférence des mélanges de béton (3) pour la fabrication de briques, comportant
    - un moule (2) destiné à recevoir le mélange de béton (3),
    - une table (1), à laquelle le moule (2) est assemblé au moyen d'éléments de serrage,
    - un système générateur de vibrations, monté sur la table (1) pour générer des vibrations harmoniques et les transmettre à la table (1),
    - une charge (4) sous la forme d'un poinçon, destinée à appliquer une force sur le mélange de béton (3),
    - des premiers éléments de ressort (5) pour le montage élastique de la table (1), et
    - des deuxièmes éléments de ressort (6) pour le montage élastique de la charge (4),
    caractérisé en ce que
    - au moins huit arbres à balourd (8) rotatifs avec des axes de rotation parallèles entre eux sont prévus dans le système générateur de vibrations, et
    - les arbres à balourd (8) sont couplés par paires dans leur mouvement de rotation, chaque paire d'arbres à balourd (8) ayant un axe de rotation commun et étant actionnée indépendamment des autres paires,
    - et des éléments de traction à action hydraulique ou pneumatique sont prévus sous forme d'éléments de serrage, qui sont montés avec l'une de leurs extrémités à la table (1) et, dans la position de serrage, sont assemblés par force avec leur autre extrémité avec le moule (2).
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de traction sont montés à la table (1) selon un angle supérieur à 0° par rapport à la verticale, de préférence selon un angle entre 10° et 30°.
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, comme éléments de serrage, il est prévu sur la table (1) des cales (11) et sur le moule (2) des tiges de traction (10) avec des ouvertures adaptées aux cales (11), sachant que, dans la position de serrage, les cales (11) sont enfoncées dans les ouvertures des tiges de traction (10).
  4. Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que pour la réalisation et la désolidarisation du serrage, il est prévu une propulsion et une rétropulsion hydraulique ou pneumatique pour les cales (11).
  5. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les arbres à balourd (8) ont une rigidité à la flexion d'au moins 2 ·105 Nm2.
  6. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les arbres à balourd (8) sont prévus en acier avec un diamètre d'au moins 80 mm.
  7. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que pour le montage des arbres à balourd (8), il est prévu des fixations (14), fixées à la table (1), avec des paliers de roulement cylindriques (17).
  8. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que pour le montage de chacun des arbres à balourd (8), il est prévu deux paliers de roulement cylindriques (17) écartés l'un de l'autre d'une distance de 150 mm environ.
  9. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que chaque paire d'arbres à balourd (8) est actionnée de manière synchronisée au moyen d'un couplage électronique.
  10. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que pour le couplage par paire de deux arbres à balourd (8), il est prévu un couplage élastique (16).
  11. Dispositif selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu un couplage élastique (16) avec une rigidité de ressort à la torsion d'au moins 104 Nm/rad et une rigidité de ressort radiale de 2 ·107 N/m au maximum.
  12. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la table (1) et la charge (4) sont couplées au moyen de troisièmes éléments de ressort (7).
  13. Dispositif selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que des ressorts mécaniques ou hydrauliques avec des forces de ressort variables sont prévus comme troisièmes éléments de ressort (7).
EP04706668A 2003-02-05 2004-01-30 Dispositif pour mouler des melanges Expired - Lifetime EP1590140B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE20301954U 2003-02-05
DE20301954U DE20301954U1 (de) 2003-02-05 2003-02-05 Vorrichtung zur Formgebung von Gemengen
PCT/EP2004/000850 WO2004069504A1 (fr) 2003-02-05 2004-01-30 Dispositif pour mouler des melanges

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1590140A1 EP1590140A1 (fr) 2005-11-02
EP1590140B1 true EP1590140B1 (fr) 2008-05-21

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ID=7979824

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04706668A Expired - Lifetime EP1590140B1 (fr) 2003-02-05 2004-01-30 Dispositif pour mouler des melanges

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US7527487B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1590140B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE396022T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2514956C (fr)
DE (2) DE20301954U1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004069504A1 (fr)

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CN103786238B (zh) * 2014-01-27 2016-08-17 湖北熙玛建材实业有限公司 人造石英石板材压实成型装置
CN104175386B (zh) * 2014-08-18 2016-03-30 济南建源机械制造有限公司 自动化组合式振动台
CN107009485A (zh) * 2017-06-01 2017-08-04 中国五冶集团有限公司 附着式振动器排布结构、方法及一种预制混凝土浇筑结构
CN107498691A (zh) * 2017-10-11 2017-12-22 长沙远大住宅工业集团股份有限公司 分体式振动台机构
CN108015879B (zh) * 2017-12-08 2024-04-05 武汉市华力机械铸造有限公司 一种物联网智能配重块振动平台及其控制方法
CN107756596B (zh) * 2017-12-08 2023-11-03 武汉市华力机械铸造有限公司 具备二级缓冲的水泥配重块振动平台
CN108015878B (zh) * 2017-12-08 2024-04-05 武汉市华力机械铸造有限公司 一种物联网智能配重块振动平台及其控制系统
CN108972837B (zh) * 2018-08-06 2020-12-11 东营千木信息科技有限公司 一种自动扫料的水泥u形槽压制机
CN112297179A (zh) * 2020-09-29 2021-02-02 熊贤义 一种基于全方位振动的水泥构件振动设备
CN113771192B (zh) * 2021-09-29 2022-10-11 龙泉市郑峰青瓷工坊 一种天铁釉瓷器成型设备及其工艺
CN114393669B (zh) * 2021-12-28 2023-09-12 泉州市三联机械制造有限公司 一种应用在砌块成型机的振动系统
CN115122462B (zh) * 2022-06-23 2023-09-05 重庆臻宝科技股份有限公司 一种陶瓷振动注浆成型装置及方法

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DD277427A1 (de) 1988-11-28 1990-04-04 Inst Stahlbeton Vorrichtung zum gleichzeitigen verdichten mehrerer formkoerper aus frischbeton
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DE9406873U1 (de) 1994-04-25 1994-06-30 Ebawe Maschinenbau Gmbh, 04838 Eilenburg Hydraulische Klemmeinrichtung für Rütteltische
FR2722444B1 (fr) * 1994-07-13 1996-08-23 Ancrenaz Daniel Dispositif de vibration pour table de presse utilisee pour la fabrication de produits en beton
DE10039028A1 (de) * 2000-08-10 2002-02-21 Gedib Ingbuero Innovation Verfahren und Vorrichtung für ein Verdichtungssystem

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ATE396022T1 (de) 2008-06-15
US7527487B2 (en) 2009-05-05
CA2514956C (fr) 2012-03-20
WO2004069504A1 (fr) 2004-08-19
DE20301954U1 (de) 2003-04-24
CA2514956A1 (fr) 2004-08-19
EP1590140A1 (fr) 2005-11-02
DE502004007223D1 (de) 2008-07-03
US20090087511A1 (en) 2009-04-02

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