EP1582821B1 - Air transfer system - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an air ducting system for buildings, in particular for the supply and / or removal of air from a building, with a connected to a fan or the like. Ventilation manifold, which is in communication with the environment and in which at least one air channel opens, the is in flow communication with a space of the building and with at least one valve associated with the air duct for controlling the flow rate through the air duct.

Residential and commercial buildings are currently being created in ever more airtight construction, so that the replacement of used air with fresh air decreases. Therefore, increasingly air conditioning systems must be used to ensure the required, for example, for hygienic reasons, air exchange or to avoid mold fungus, which can be caused by high, not dissipated humidity. In addition, comfort and safety standards, such as the avoidance of noise pollution and the risk of break-ins with open windows, are maintained by such air-conditioning systems.

In order to achieve sufficient ventilation, ie the fulfillment of the required overall air exchange rate, as uniform and low-side flow, including the avoidance of insufficient or insufficiently ventilated areas and high air velocities and flow noises to achieve buildings, are appropriate supply and Provide exhaust devices or systems. These are usually a room-specific supply air supply with a central exhaust duct (suction) from the so-called wet rooms, such as kitchen, Bath, toilet or the like., And the so-called overflow areas or central areas, such as corridors, corridors, staircases, combined.

In this case, the central exhaust air duct takes place in such a way that a plurality of air ducts are each guided to the individual exhaust air valves, which are mounted in the ceilings or walls of the rooms to be ventilated, by a central exhaust air collection pipe connected to an exhaust air outlet connected to a building exterior. The determination of the total amount of exhaust air is usually carried out via appropriate power or air volume regulation on a fan associated with the air duct system or the like. Ventilation device. The distribution of the exhaust air volumes to the various exhaust air spaces and exhaust air valves can be controlled by the exhaust air valve. In such exhaust valves usually poppet valves are used, in which the air flow resistance and thus the amount of exhaust air per unit time can be adjusted by opening or closing the valve disk.

However, this embodiment of air ducting systems with a central exhaust air duct has several sometimes serious disadvantages. Thus, the Einregelbarkeit or distribution of the required amount of exhaust air per unit time for each exhaust valve individually, with a constant discharged through the exhaust manifold air volume, the change to an exhaust valve forcibly also has a change in the extracted air through the other exhaust valves result. The iterative adjustment of the exhaust air amount is therefore associated with high costs. At the same time there is the danger of mold or odor due to an inaccurate regulation of the amounts of exhaust air, especially if only an insufficient amount of exhaust air is extracted from the affected exhaust air or wet rooms.

In addition, visible soiling on the exhaust valves, so that the air distribution systems must be cleaned at regular intervals to to minimize the known hygienic problems. However, it is easily possible that the poppet valve is adjusted to the air flow control, so that a new air flow control must be performed. Since in the known air duct systems no filtering of the exhaust air is integrated at the exhaust valve, rigid exhaust air ducts with smooth inner surface are often used, which allow at least approximately a subsequent cleaning of heavy soiling, for example by greasy and / or sticky substances. In the usual use of round tubes with a large diameter in relation to the channel cross section, however, this often leads to difficult installation of the air duct system in walls and false ceilings. Next, the subsequent veneering of the exhaust valves without serious change in the air flow control is possibly limited possible.

From the US 5,275,333 an air ducting system for buildings of the type mentioned with the features of the preamble of claim 1 is known. This has a manifold and air ducts with branch pipe. At a remote from the manifold pipe point of the respective branch pipe a valve is provided. This is therefore difficult to access. The same applies to the FR 2 237 133 showing a ventilation system in which a valve is disposed within a manifold.

Next discloses the EP 0 977 925 A An air duct system with a manifold and air ducts with branch pipe. At an unspecified point of the branch pipe a valve is provided.

Object of the present invention is in contrast to provide an air ducting system for buildings, in which the regulation of the flow rate in the individual air ducts simplified and hygienic problems are largely avoided.

This object is achieved with a ventilation system according to claim 1. According to the invention, the collecting pipe has one or more branch nozzles, which are each assigned to an air duct, and in which the valve for regulating the flow rate through the air duct is arranged in each case. The regulation of the amount of exhaust air from each exhaust air space or exhaust valve or exhaust air duct is carried out according to the invention centrally on the manifold, which is provided with appropriate regulating devices. Since, as described above, the exhaust air flow regulation of the individual exhaust air strands is interdependent to the manifold, ie, the change in the air flow resistance in an air duct to the air flowing through the other air channels at constant discharge pressure in each case balancing the air volumes per air channel is an iterative process. The implementation of this iterative Einregulierprozesses is greatly facilitated by the provision of a central Einregulierstelle in comparison to the previously known adjustment in many decentralized places. The balancing is thus carried out centrally on the manifold to which the air flow resistance of each air channel can be regulated by the associated valve.

In order to achieve the lowest possible flow resistance noise development at the valves, they are formed by a valve disposed in the branch pipe control valve. In this case, the control flap at the base of the branch pipe is arranged on the manifold. As a result, a significant reduction in noise due to the flow resistance is achieved both in the "up" position compared to Kanalabzweigstutzen without control device and in the "closed" position and in all intermediate positions compared to Kanalabzweigstutzen with control device.

If the control flap in the branch pipe serves as a guide blade for limiting the secondary flow from the at least one air duct into the collecting pipe, the control characteristic of the valve can be further improved. This minimizes unwanted pressure losses in the manifold and optimizes the desired pressure losses in each air duct. In this way, the risk of different and thus above all inadequate amounts of exhaust air from the affected exhaust air or wet rooms can be largely avoided, so that corresponding adverse adverse and adverse effects, such. As the formation of mold, a disturbing odor and spread as well as the emergence of insufficiently ventilated room units with the risk of excessive CO ₂ concentration, at best occur in rare cases.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one air duct, in particular each of the air ducts, is connected to an angle stub which can be arranged in a wall or ceiling of a room. This elbow can have an air filter contained in a filter port and / or a filter screen. In this way, the visible contamination of conventional air valves can be avoided by deposits on the valves located in the air flow. The use of easy to change or clean exhaust air filter cartridges on the one hand, a neat and clean functionality of Abluftansaugstellen and improved hygienic conditions possible. In addition, when using an angle stub with attachable air filter cleaning and cleaning of the air duct at best in large time intervals required, so that the risk of unintentional change in the air flow control is minimized. The elbow is used according to the invention as a base on which a filter holder, i. a Filteranschluss- and / or a filter panel can be plugged or secured in any other suitable manner. The filter holder is therefore easily interchangeable to allow a space- and application-adapted design of the elbow at low cost and easy replacement of the air filter.

Also, the manifold may have at its end leading out of the building a filter device, whereby the ingress of dirt or the like. Can be prevented from the outside in the air duct system.

It is preferred if at least one of the air ducts is at least partially formed by a flexible hose. Alternatively or additionally, in a plurality of the air ducts, an area with a flat, in particular oval or rectangular cross-section may be formed. By filtering the exhaust air, as described above, a cleaning possibly required at longer intervals, so that flexible and / or shallow channels for the Exhaust air duct can be used, even if they have a non-continuous smooth surface. The usual channels with some large cross section, which allow easier cleaning, are no longer necessary in the inventive design of the air duct system. The possibility of using flexible and / or shallow channels in the air guidance system according to the invention has the advantage that a flush mounting of the air ducts at approximately constant air flow capacity is considerably easier and less expensive. This is particularly advantageous if the air ducts in space structures with limited dimensions, such as in interior walls, must be laid. Furthermore, this also the spatial arrangement of the exhaust air duct, ie the placement of the ends of the exhaust ducts, under Raumlufttechnischen aspects optimizable and does not subordinate laying technology aspects. The assembly of the air duct system according to the invention is thus compared with conventional components construction and installation technology considerably simplified.

If the at least one air duct and optionally further components of the air guidance system have a smooth and in particular easily cleanable inner surface, the deposition of dirt in the air duct system is further impeded and the cleaning required at most in large time intervals is significantly facilitated.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the at least one air duct and / or the collecting tube is formed in a modular manner from a plurality of duct or pipe sections. In particular, the manifold may be formed by a plurality of plug-in and / or by means of clamping rings or the like. Connectable branch pipe. This continuous and preferably completely tool-free pluggable design of the system components of the ventilation system according to the invention allow extremely time-saving installation, which also has a favorable effect on the construction costs. In addition, it is possible through the modular design of the air duct system to realize individual air ducting systems with only a few components in different applications.

The components of the air duct system preferably consist for the most part of dimensionally stable, robust, preferably emission-neutral, flame-retardant and / or antistatic coated plastics, such as ABS, polypropylene or polyethylene blends.

Other objects, advantages and applications of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments and the drawings.

Fig. 1

Komponenten eines erfindungsgemäßen Luftkanals

Fig. 2

Komponenten eines erfindungsgemäßen Sammelrohres

Fig. 3a

einen Abzweigstutzen mit geöffneter Regelklappe und

Fig. 3b

den Abzweigstutzen nach Fig. 3a mit geschlossener Regelklappe.

Show it:

Fig. 1

Components of an air duct according to the invention

Fig. 2

Components of a manifold according to the invention

Fig. 3a

a branch pipe with open damper and

Fig. 3b

the branch pipe after Fig. 3a with closed damper.

An air guidance system consists in a conventional manner of one or more air ducts 1, which open into a central manifold 2. Each air duct 1 in this case has an exhaust valve 3, which in the Wall or ceiling of a room of a building can be arranged, and opens into a branch pipe 4 of the manifold 2.

The exhaust valve 3 is in the in Fig. 1 illustrated embodiment formed as an elbow 5, which has a pipe section with approximately circular cross-section and a branching off line with a flat, oval in the illustrated embodiment. The elbow 5 can be closed by a plaster protection 6 to prevent the ingress of dirt in the elbow during assembly. In operation, instead of the plaster protection 6, a filter connection 7 with an exhaust filter 8 and a filter panel 9 are attached to the elbow 5, so that although exhaust air can be sucked through the elbow, a contamination of the filter nozzle and the associated air duct 1, however, by the filtering is prevented. The filter port 7, the exhaust filter 8 and the filter panel 9 are designed such that an exchange of the exhaust filter 8 is fast and easy. The exhaust air filter 8 may, for example, from Bulpren or other suitable filter material, such as a plastic fiber composite exist.

In the in Fig. 1 embodiment shown, the branched off from the elbow 5 oval pipe is connected to a flat and, for example. Flexible channel 10 with an oval cross-section. Alternatively, with appropriate design of the elbow or when using an adapter, the flat and flexible channel 10 may also be formed with a rectangular or any other cross-section. The flat and flexible channel 10 opens into a curved piece 11, which is connected by a channel connection 12 with a flexible hose 13. The duct connection 12 serves as an adapter between the elbow 11 with an oval cross section and the flexible hose 13, which in the embodiment shown has an approximately circular cross section. The flexible hose 13 can via a Clamping ring 14 or the like. Are connected to the branch pipe 4 of the manifold 2.

The referring to Fig. 1 described construction of the air duct 1 represents a possible embodiment. Of course, the structure of the air duct 1 can be varied depending on the conditions of use. Thus, it is possible, for example, to dispense with the flat and flexible channel 10, the bow piece 11, the channel connection 12 and / or the flexible tube 13. Further, it is also possible to use a plurality of flat and flexible channels 10, elbows 11 and / or flexible tubes 13 to connect the elbow 5 with the branch piece 4.

As in Fig. 2 shown, the manifold 2 is constructed in a modular manner from a plurality of interconnected branch pipe 4. The branch pipe 4 consist of a pipe section 15 with a substantially circular cross-section, from which a line 16 branches off with an oval cross-section. At the base of the branch pipe 4, a control flap 17 is arranged, which is actuated by a lever 18. The control flap 17 acts as an optimized guide blade with the effect of a pure Nebenstrombegrenzers, so that undesirable pressure losses in the manifold 2 are minimized, while the desired pressure losses in the branching line 16 are optimally adjustable.

In the Fig. 2 shown branch 4 can be plugged together with little installation effort to form the manifold 2. To mount the manifold 2 while holder 19 may be provided. Furthermore, the collecting pipe 2 may comprise an exhaust end cover 20 as well as further pipe connecting pieces 21.

In the Fig. 3a and 3b the branch pipe 4 is shown together with the control flap 17 schematically in its open or closed position. The control flap 17 consists of two flap areas 17a, 17b, which are angled to each other. The two flap areas are pivotable together about an axis 22, along which the flap areas 17 a and 17 b are rigidly interconnected. As shown, the two flap areas may have different lengths.

In the open position, the first, longer flap portion 17a projects into the conduit 16 such that the flap portion 17a is oriented approximately parallel to the axis of the conduit 16. The flap area 17a thus causes in the conduit 16 only a minimal flow resistance.

In this open position, the second, shorter flap area 17b projects into the pipe section 15. The angled arrangement of the second flap region 17b, which is angled toward the first flap region 17a, improves the deflection of the air flow between the tube piece 15 and the line 16. In this way, turbulences in the pipe section 15 at a flow from the conduit 16 or turbulence in the conduit 16 at a flow from the pipe section 15 can be largely prevented, which can lead to the impairments described above.

To close the control flap 17, the two flap areas 17a and 17b in a clockwise direction in their in Fig. 3b pivoted position shown so that the first flap portion 17a sealingly abuts the inner wall of the conduit 16 and the second flap portion 17b approximately flush with the wall of the pipe section 15, a second portion of the conduit 16 closes.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

air duct

2

manifold

3

exhaust valve

4

branch connection

5

Elbow connector

6

Putz protection

7

filter connection

8th

exhaust filter

9

filter panel

10

flat and flexible channel

11

elbow

12

sewer connection

13

flexible hose

14

clamping ring

15

pipe section

16

management

17

control flap

17a, b

flap portions

18

lever

19

holder

20

End covers

21

connector

22

axis

Claims (9)

1. A ventilation system for buildings, in particular for the supply and removal of air to or from a building, having a manifold (2) that can be connected to a ventilator or like ventilation unit, which is suitable for connecting to the environment and into which at least one air duct (1) discharges, the air duct being suitable for placement in flow connection with a room of the building, and with at least one valve (17) associated with the air duct (1) for regulating the throughput through the air duct (1), wherein the manifold (2) is provided with one or more branch connectors (4) respectively associated with an air duct (1) wherein, in order to regulate the throughput through the air duct (1), each respective valve (17) is formed by a butterfly valve (17) disposed in the branch connector (4) and disposed at the foot of the branch connector (4) on the manifold (2), characterized in that the butterfly valve (17) acts as a guide vane to limit the side stream from the at least one air duct (1) into the manifold (2), wherein the butterfly valve (17) consists of two valve regions (17a, 17b) which are disposed at an angle with respect to each other and which are pivotable together about an axis (22), wherein the two valve regions (17a, 17b) are connected together rigidly along the axis.
2. The ventilation system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the at least one air duct (1) is connected to an elbow connector (5) which can be disposed in a wall or ceiling of a room.
3. The ventilation system as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the elbow connector (5) is provided with an air filter (8) accommodated in a filter connector (7) and/or a filter screen (9).
4. The ventilation system as claimed in one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the end of the manifold (2) leading out of the building is provided with a filter unit.
5. The ventilation system as claimed in one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that at least regions of the at least one air duct (1) are formed by a flexible pipe (13).
6. The ventilation system as claimed in one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least regions of the at least one air duct (1) have a flattened, in particular oval or rectangular, cross section.
7. The ventilation system as claimed in one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the at least one air duct (1) is provided with a smooth and in particular easy-to-clean interior surface.
8. The ventilation system as claimed in one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the at least one air duct (1) and/or the manifold (2) is formed in a modular manner from a plurality of duct or pipe sections.
9. The ventilation system as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that the manifold (2) is formed by a plurality of branch connectors (4) which can be fitted one into the other and/or connected by means of clamping rings (14) or the like.

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