EP1580510A1 - Echangeur de chaleur - Google Patents

Echangeur de chaleur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1580510A1
EP1580510A1 EP04006845A EP04006845A EP1580510A1 EP 1580510 A1 EP1580510 A1 EP 1580510A1 EP 04006845 A EP04006845 A EP 04006845A EP 04006845 A EP04006845 A EP 04006845A EP 1580510 A1 EP1580510 A1 EP 1580510A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tubes
heat exchanger
heat
groups
exchanger according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP04006845A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jürgen Lessing
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Juergen Lessing Planungsbuero fur Kaltetechnik
Original Assignee
Juergen Lessing Planungsbuero fur Kaltetechnik
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Juergen Lessing Planungsbuero fur Kaltetechnik filed Critical Juergen Lessing Planungsbuero fur Kaltetechnik
Priority to EP04006845A priority Critical patent/EP1580510A1/fr
Publication of EP1580510A1 publication Critical patent/EP1580510A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/047—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • F28D1/0477—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag the conduits being bent in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/0008—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one medium being in heat conductive contact with the conduits for the other medium
    • F28D7/0016—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one medium being in heat conductive contact with the conduits for the other medium the conduits for one medium or the conduits for both media being bent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
    • F28F1/32—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2265/00—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
    • F28F2265/16—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction for preventing leakage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger for heat exchange between different media, with the heat exchanger more Has pipes for guiding the various media, and wherein the pipes divided into several groups for each one of the different media are.
  • Such heat exchangers serve, for example, as coolers, Heaters or desuperheaters, and they will be in particular for a change Of the state of matter used, for example as a condenser or as Evaporator.
  • Heat exchangers with tubes are, for example, as a bundle tube heat exchanger or tube bundles known. These have a jacket tube, in the interior of which a first medium is transported and In addition, a plurality of tubes are arranged, which from a second medium be flowed through. The heat transfer between the first and The second medium is thus carried over the respective pipe wall of the Interior of the jacket tube arranged pipes.
  • This type of heat exchanger is versatile in wide temperature and pressure ranges usable.
  • hairpin heat exchangers are known, which are also a jacket tube in which a first medium is guided. In the interior However, this jacket tube are arranged U-shaped bent tubes, the be traversed by a second medium. Such hairpin heat exchanger can be decomposed in a particularly simple way, for example, to clean the jacket space and the pipe space.
  • the known heat exchangers have the disadvantage that it in case of a leak easily to an undesirable mixing of guided media comes. Such mixing can lead to solidifications lead, in particular by the formation of solids such as Hirschhornsalz. Such solidifications can be a contaminant the entire heat exchanger system and thus a performance degradation or even a rapid complete system failure cause. This problem exists especially in systems which work with comparatively high pressures, as for example in the case of the ammonia-carbon dioxide cascade.
  • This task is performed by a heat exchanger with the features of claim 1, and in particular in that the tubes of the different groups run separately from each other next to each other and are thermally conductively connected to each other on their outer sides.
  • the tubes are the assigned to different groups and thus to the different media are, so formed separately from each other and run side by side.
  • the tubes are adjacent to each other on the outside arranged, each medium of its own separate tube of the surrounded by a group. So the tubes of each group stand only with the associated, guided in the interior medium - and not in addition with another medium - in direct contact. Thereby is guaranteed that in case of a leak at one Tube not necessarily to mix with each other Medium is coming. In case of such a leak occurs so at best the guided in the tube in question without this Medium with another medium, which in the separate tubes of the the other group concerned. Consequently the leaking heat exchanger can be replaced or repaired, before the entire heat exchanger system by mixing the used media is contaminated.
  • the heat exchanger according to the invention is thus characterized by a especially high safety against unwanted mixing the media used. This is especially true for cascade heat exchangers important with high pressures and high temperature differences work and therefore most susceptible to eventuality Leaks are. Particularly advantageous is the explained security towards a mixing of the media also in the heat transfer between drinking water and impure heating water.
  • Another advantage of the heat exchanger according to the invention is in that this can be manufactured inexpensively, as a production based on a conventional finned heat exchanger is possible with the already existing production facilities, such as will be explained below. Contributes to a cost-effective production Also at that, due to the construction with separate pipes for the different ones Media different materials used or mixed can be.
  • An advantage of the heat exchanger according to the invention is also in it see that the heat exchanger through different interconnection the tubes easily for a heat transfer between a different Number of media, for example between two, three or four Media, can be configured.
  • the heat transfer for example, between a liquid and another liquid Medium, between a gaseous and a liquid medium or between a gaseous and another gaseous medium respectively.
  • the media may in particular be liquid or gaseous refrigerant or act brine.
  • the heat transfer between the guided in the separate tubes different media is done only indirectly, namely by Tubes on their outer sides thermally conductive connected to each other are.
  • the tubes of different groups can their outsides on planteleitabitese of metal with each other be connected. The heat transfer takes place in this case of the one medium to the tube surrounding this medium, and of this tube via the associated planteleitabites and about a connected pipe of another group on the inside further medium.
  • the heat-conducting sections between The pipes of different groups are not massively along the extend the entire longitudinal extent of the tubes, but if the mentioned sauceleitabroughe only at some longitudinal sections of Tubes are provided while at the intermediate longitudinal sections a space between adjacent pipes of different Groups is provided.
  • a substantially massive block with corresponding holes Feed in core tubes it is also possible in a substantially massive block with corresponding holes Feed in core tubes.
  • the heat-conducting sections mentioned can be used as conventional heat-conducting lamellae be formed with a profiled surface (embossing), such as they are used in known plate heat exchangers. In favor of However, as simple as possible production, it is preferred if the cherriesleitabitese have a smooth surface. To one as possible Incidentally, it is preferable to achieve efficient heat transfer. when the cherriesleitabitese have a greater thickness than conventional Heat conducting strips.
  • Thedaleleitabroughe for connecting the tubes of the various Groups can be attached to the pipes, pressed on, soldered and / or welded.
  • the tubes of a group i. the one for one particular medium provided pipes, to a respective pipe circuit connected to each other, allowing for the tubes of a group only a single inlet and a single outlet are required.
  • the tube the various groups in a regular arrangement interconnected are. Under the interconnection of the pipes, the assignment of the pipes is too Understand the different groups, with the tubes of a group in particular - as already mentioned - serially as a respective pipe circuit can be connected to each other or the same direction parallel to each other can be flowed through.
  • An interconnection of the tubes in one regular arrangement is when, apart from the edge areas of the heat exchanger - each tube of a group of essentially the same number of tubes of the other group or Surrounded by groups.
  • each group is associated with a plurality of tubes, i. if each of the different media is conducted in multiple tubes. It is also possible that only one of the media through several pipes and another medium can only be passed through a single tube.
  • the heat exchanger with an envelope - for example, a sheet metal - and a Pressure monitoring device provided, which constantly monitors whether the pressure in the interior of the enclosure changes. When crossing or Fall below a predetermined limit, the pressure monitoring device on a leak and thus on the exit close one of the different media and a corresponding warning signal produce. Additionally or alternatively to the mentioned enclosure Can the heat exchanger with a drip tray to catch the be provided in case of leakage leaking medium.
  • the invention also relates to the use of a heat exchanger of the type explained for heat transfer between at least two different media.
  • the invention relates to the use of a heat exchanger, which has several pipes for guiding of at least two different media, for heat transfer between the at least two different media, the Tubes run side by side separately from each other and on their outsides are connected to each other via hillsleitabitese, wherein the Tubes are further divided into several groups, and wherein the various Media led in each case an assigned group of pipes become.
  • the invention also relates to the use of a conventional lamella heat exchanger, which has several tubes for guiding a medium, the tubes being separate from each other run next to each other and on their outer sides over several clutchleitlamellen interconnected, for heat transfer between at least two different media, with the tubes in several Groups are divided and the different media in each one associated group of pipes are guided.
  • Figs. 1 and 2 show a heat exchanger 11 for heat exchange between two different media.
  • the heat exchanger 11 has frontally two plane-parallel tube plates 13, between which a plurality arranged by septum 15 at regular intervals is.
  • the sauceleitbleche 15 are flat and extend parallel to each other and parallel to the tube plates 13th
  • the heat exchanger 11 further has sixteen tubes 17, 19, as straight pipe sections are formed and parallel to each other as well run perpendicular to the bathleitblechen 15.
  • the tubes 17, 19 penetrate the slaughterleitbleche 15 through corresponding openings, as can be seen in particular from FIG. 2.
  • the tubes 17, 19 open frontally to the two tube plates 13, where also corresponding Openings are provided.
  • the sixteen tubes 17, 19 are in one orthogonal grid of 4 x 4 tubes arranged.
  • the tubes 17, 19, although in a minor Distance apart are arranged side by side, and that too between the politiciansleitblechen 15 and between the outer réelleleitblechen 15 on the one hand and the adjacent tube plates 13 on the other a respective gap is provided.
  • the tubes 17, 19 have a diameter of 10 mm, with a pitch of 25 mm in vertical and horizontal direction is provided.
  • a much larger Number of tubes 17, 19 may be provided as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the tubes 17, 19, the denominationleitbleche 15 and the tube plates 13 are made Metal, in particular made of copper or a copper alloy, wherein for the parts mentioned also uses different materials can be.
  • the tubes are in a regular arrangement to two groups of Tubes 17 and 19 interconnected, wherein the tubes 17 and 19 of a group connected to a respective pipe circuit.
  • the tubes 19 of the other group on frontal connectors 27th on the outsides of the tube plates 13 to a second tube circuit with an inlet 29 and an outlet 31 connected to each other.
  • the arrangement of the connecting pieces 21, 27, the interconnection the otherwise parallel extending tubes 17, 19 set.
  • the tubes 17, 19 in two circuits for each medium divided.
  • a heat exchange between the guided in the tubes 17 Medium and the guided in the tubes 19 medium via the shallleitbleche 15, connected to the tubes 17, 19 thermally conductive are.
  • a particular advantage of the heat exchanger 11 is that it in case of a leak - for example, if due to a high Internal pressure of one of the pipes 17 or 19 bursts - not easy to a mixture between the two media comes. This will an unwanted chemical reaction between the media or a Contamination of the pipes 17, 19 or the connected system avoided.
  • the reason for this is that the tubes 17 and 19, respectively the two groups are formed separately from each other and the outside run adjacent to each other, so that in case of leakage a medium from one of the tubes 17 and 19 this is not automatic comes in contact with the other medium. In other words For each medium is a separate closed loop of tubes 17 or 19 provided.
  • the illustrated heat exchanger 11 is thus in terms of possible leaks and the resulting Problems especially safe.
  • Another advantage of the illustrated heat exchanger 11 is that this can be manufactured relatively inexpensively, since existing Production plants for the production of conventional lamella heat exchangers can be used. Compared to a conventional one Laminated heat exchangers, it is in principle only necessary to provide an additional inlet 29 and outlet 31 and the Interconnection of the tubes 17, 19 by means of the connecting pieces 21, 27th to modify such that the tubes 17, 19 in two groups - in particular in two pipe circuits - are divided. That way you can So a known finned heat exchanger for heat transfer between two different media or reconfigure.
  • Fig. 3 shows in a detailed cross-sectional view of the compound of Tubes 17 and 19 of two different groups by means of bossleitbleche 15.
  • the cutting plane extends through the respective longitudinal axis of the two tubes 17, 19 shown.
  • the two tubes 17, 19 extend on the outside spaced from each other and parallel to each other.
  • the heat conducting plates 15 form in the vicinity of the tubes 17, 19 a respective sleeve 33, which surrounds the relevant tube 17, 19 and thus a flat Contact ensured.
  • a clamping fit between the sleeves 33 and the tubes 17, 19 may be provided, and / or the réelleleitbleche 15 may be soldered or welded to the tubes 17, 19.
  • FIGS. 4 to 7 show possible regular interconnections of several Groups of parallel tubes, in particular realized by appropriate arrangement of connecting pieces 21, 27 can be, as in connection with Figs. 1 and 2 already was explained.
  • Figs. 4 to 7 is shown in Figs. 4 to 7, as which are intended for a different number of different media Tubes can be arranged relative to each other to a efficient heat exchange between these media.
  • the tubes are each of a group - i. the one particular medium surrounding pipes - marked by a respective symbol, where the labels "X" (cross), “O” (circle), " ⁇ " (square) and “ ⁇ ” (triangle) be used.
  • FIG. 4 shows an interconnection of two groups of tubes "X" (cross) and "O" (circle), i. it is a heat exchange between two different ones Media provided.
  • This interconnection corresponds to that in FIG. 1
  • Fig. 4 an arrangement of 6 x 6 tubes is shown.
  • the tubes are the both groups in a column-alternating and in addition interconnected line-by-line arrangement.
  • Fig. 5 shows a particularly simple example of a heat exchange between two different media, whereby one group only has one single pipe "0" (circle) is assigned, that of four pipes "X" (cross) the other group is surrounded.
  • Fig. 6 shows a possible interconnection of adjacent parallel to each other extending tubes for a heat exchange between three different Media.
  • the tubes of a group may be connected serially a respective pipe circuit can be connected to each other, such as explained in connection with FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • a respective pipe circuit can be connected to each other, such as explained in connection with FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the tubes of a group of transverse manifolds be provided, in which open the respective pipe ends.
  • FIG. 8 shows an embodiment of a heat exchanger 41, which substantially corresponds to the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • 41 are inlets also in the heat exchanger 23, 29 and outlets 25, 31 are provided for two different media, between which a heat transfer should take place.
  • a sheath 43 the formed by the tubes, réelleleitbleche and frontal tube plates Block surrounds gas-tight.
  • a vacuum pump 45 which within the enclosure 43 a predetermined Negative pressure generated.
  • the enclosure 43 is provided with a pressure monitoring device 47 connected. This generates when exceeding the predetermined negative pressure within the enclosure 43 a warning signal.
  • the easy-to-implement sheath 43 with vacuum pump 45 and pressure monitoring device 47 shown in FIG. 8 permits a fast and reliable detection of a possible leak one of the used pipe circuits. This can cause a leak be quickly recognized and eliminated.
  • the envelope 43 serves as a catch basin for a possibly leaking medium.
  • the enclosure 43 may be provided with an overpressure safety device, such as For example, a safety valve or a predetermined breaking point, provided be in the event of a leak and one caused thereby Overpressure allows a controlled pressure reduction.
  • an overpressure safety device such as for example, a safety valve or a predetermined breaking point, provided be in the event of a leak and one caused thereby Overpressure allows a controlled pressure reduction.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
EP04006845A 2004-03-22 2004-03-22 Echangeur de chaleur Ceased EP1580510A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04006845A EP1580510A1 (fr) 2004-03-22 2004-03-22 Echangeur de chaleur

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04006845A EP1580510A1 (fr) 2004-03-22 2004-03-22 Echangeur de chaleur

Publications (1)

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EP1580510A1 true EP1580510A1 (fr) 2005-09-28

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EP04006845A Ceased EP1580510A1 (fr) 2004-03-22 2004-03-22 Echangeur de chaleur

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008119528A1 (fr) * 2007-04-03 2008-10-09 Lessing Juergen Échangeur thermique de sécurité

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3253651A (en) * 1964-02-17 1966-05-31 Mcquay Inc Heat exchanger
GB1507968A (en) * 1975-11-08 1978-04-19 Interatom Heat exchanger
GB2001422A (en) * 1977-07-22 1979-01-31 Carrier Corp Heat exchangers
US4462463A (en) * 1982-04-21 1984-07-31 Gorham Jr Robert S Triple pass heat exchanger
DE3841180C1 (en) * 1988-12-07 1990-04-12 Komotzki, Michael, 5840 Schwerte, De Heat exchanger

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3253651A (en) * 1964-02-17 1966-05-31 Mcquay Inc Heat exchanger
GB1507968A (en) * 1975-11-08 1978-04-19 Interatom Heat exchanger
GB2001422A (en) * 1977-07-22 1979-01-31 Carrier Corp Heat exchangers
US4462463A (en) * 1982-04-21 1984-07-31 Gorham Jr Robert S Triple pass heat exchanger
DE3841180C1 (en) * 1988-12-07 1990-04-12 Komotzki, Michael, 5840 Schwerte, De Heat exchanger

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008119528A1 (fr) * 2007-04-03 2008-10-09 Lessing Juergen Échangeur thermique de sécurité

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