EP1578672A2

EP1578672A2 - Container

Info

Publication number: EP1578672A2
Application number: EP03775590A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Roger Joseph Wonnacott
Original assignee: DS Smith UK Ltd
Current assignee: DS Smith UK Ltd
Priority date: 2002-11-20
Filing date: 2003-11-19
Publication date: 2005-09-28
Anticipated expiration: 2023-11-19
Also published as: AU2003283611A8; ATE391082T1; WO2004045971A2; ES2303908T3; DE60320140T2; CA2506861A1; WO2004045971A3; DE60320140D1; AU2003283611A1; US20060151584A1; EP1578672B1

Abstract

A blank ( 1 ) of stiff yet foldable sheet material erectable into a container base ( 3 ), comprising a rectangular bottom panel ( 10 ), a pair of side wall panel means foldably connected to sides of the bottom panel and provided with end flaps ( 19,20; 21,22 ), a pair of end wall panel means each comprising a first end wall panel ( 27,28 ) foldably connected to an associated end of the bottom wall panel ( 1 ) so as to be foldable upwardly therefrom and a second end wall panel ( 31,32 ) foldably connected to the first end wall panel, and foldable gusset means ( 43-46 ) at each corner of the bottom panel connecting opposite ends of each side wall panel means to opposite ones of said end wall panel means. In the erected container base the two end flaps ( 19,20; 21,22 ) are folded against the associated first end wall panel ( 27,28 ) and the second end wall panel ( 31,32 ) of each end wall panel means is folded over the underlying end flaps.

Description

Container

Background to the Invention

This invention relates to a container comprising a base and lid, each made of stiff yet foldable sheet material, e.g. corrugated material. The container is particularly, but not exclusively, suitable for containing food produce such as, for example, fresh fish. The invention also relates to a blank of stiff yet foldable sheet material, e.g. corrugated material, which is erectable into a base of a container and to a packaging method.

Conventionally fish boxes, i.e. boxes used for the packing, storage and dispatch of fish, have been made from wood or plastics material. Such boxes are often filled on board deep-sea trawlers and take up valuable deck and storage space when not in use. These known fish boxes are relatively expensive and, as such, are re-used after being cleaned. However, it is difficult effectively to clean such fish boxes to the required hygienic standards.

It is desirable for fish boxes to have good thermally insulating properties so that fresh fish stored within the boxes do not become too hot It is difficult to provide relatively cheap, . thermally insulating fish boxes made of wood or plastics material.

It has been proposed in US-A-3,937,390 to manufacture a fish box from corrugated board provided with a water-repellent impregnation. ■ In particular, blanks of such impregnated corrugated board can be stored on board a trawler and erected when required into fish boxes having single thickness walls of the corrugated board. However although such a known fish box overcomes many of the disadvantages of fish boxes made of wood or plastics material, the thermally insulating properties of a fish box having walls of single thickness corrugated board could be improved. Summary of the Invention

It is an aim of the present invention to provide an easily erectable container comprising a base and a top or Ud having walls made of stiff yet foldable sheet material and possessing improved thermally insulating properties. It is also an aim of the invention to provide a container base erectable from a blank of stiff yet foldable sheet material.

According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided a blank made of stiff yet foldable sheet material erectable into a container base, comprising: a rectangular bottom panel; a pair of side wall panel means each comprising a first side wall panel foldably connected to an associated side of the bottom wall panel so as to be foldable upwardly therefrom to provide one layer of a side wall, a second side wall panel foldably connected to the first side wall panel so as to be foldable over against the latter to provide a second layer of the side wall, and end flaps foldably connected' to opposite ends of the second side wall panel; a pair of end wall panel means each comprising a first end wall panel foldably connected to an associated end of the bottom wall panel so as to be foldable upwardly therefrom to provide one layer of an end wall, and a second end wall panel foldably connected to the first end wall panel; and foldable gusset means at each corner of the bottom panel connecting opposite ends of each side wall panel means to opposite ones of said end wall panel means; whereby in the erected container base the two end flaps associated with each end of the blank are folded against the associated first end wall panel to provide a second layer of the end wall and the second end wall panel of each end wall panel means is folded over; for connection to, the underlying end flaps. A blank according to the invention enables a container base to be erected having double thickness side and end walls thereby enhancing the thermally insulating properties of the container base.

Conveniently, the second side wall panels are folded downwardly outside the first side wall panels in the erected container in which case the second end wall panels are also folded outside the first end wall panels. However it is also possible for the second side wall panels to be folded downwardly inside the first side wall panels and in this case the second end wall panels would be folded downwardly inside the corresponding first end wall panels.

In an embodiment of the invention more suitable for erection by a machine, each end flap is shaped so as to overlap the other end flap of the pair when the blank is erected into as container base.

Suitably the blank has means, such as adhesive means, for connecting the second end wall panels to the underlying end flaps. Typically the adhesive means comprises double-sided adhesive strip or tape one side of which is adhered to the blank and the other side of which has a removable non-adhesive covering thereon. Suitably the adhesive strip or tape is provided on the second end wall panels although; alternatively, it could be provided on the end flaps. In an alternative embodiment the means for connecting the second end wall panels to the end flaps comprise a tab on the second end wall panel arranged to be tucked between the end flaps and the first end wall panel after the second side wall panels are folded downwardly. Conveniently there is provided a further blank of stiff yet foldable sheet material for a top of the container, the further blank having a rectangular top panel and, foldable downwardly therefrom, side wall panels and end wall panels foldably connected to sides and ends, respectively, of the top wall panel, the side wall panels and end wall panels of the further blank being connectible, e.g. adhesively, to walls of the erected container base. By suitable dimensioning of the side wall panels and the end wall panels of the further blank, the folded down panels provide an additional layer of thickness for the side and end walls of the container erected from the two blanks. Rectangular blanks of any suitable material, e.g. the same material as the blanks or a material having good thermally insulating properties, may be positioned on the bottom panel of the erected container base and/ or beneath the top panel when the erected container is being closed by the container top.

Suitably the sheet material of the or each blank comprises corrugated material, e.g. corrugated fibreboard or cardboard. Corrugated material, with its cavities, has good thermally insulating properties and these thermally insulating properties are considerably enhanced in an erected container having walls of more than a single thickness: In the case of a fish box the provision of good thermal insulation is important since any' ice added to the contents in use, e.g. whilst fish is being packed on a trawler, will thaw less quickly the better the thermally insulating properties of the walls of the fish box. Typically, the sheet material will be provided on both sides with a water resistant coating, such as a plastics material and/ or wax, or a laminated finish or may be impregnated with water-repellent material. By way of example only, water- repellent corrugated sheet material is described in US-A-5,626,945. The sheet material, at least for the blank of the container top, may have, on its side destined to form the outside of the container, a reflective foil covering for reflecting external heat and tight radiation. ^{■ >} . By using strips of adhesive material on the blanks to retain the erected containers in their erected condition, the containers can be erected on- site without the use of container erecting machinery.

At least one hole may be arranged in the blank to provide drainage in the erected base. For example, a hole in the stiff yet foldable sheet material may have at least one fluid resistant film applied over its periphery such as to allow fluid to flow through the hole without exposing the periphery to the fluid. In particular, a first layer of fluid resistant film may be applied to a first side of the blank and a second layer of fluid resistant film may be applied to a second side of the blank, the first and second layers of film having mutually coincident apertures which allow fluid to flow through the hole.

According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a container base erected from a blank according to said one aspect of the present invention.

A set of blanks' according to a further aspect of the invention comprises a base blank as described above and a lid blank erectable to into a lid sized to fit the container base, the second end wall panel of each end wall panel means being arranged to be spaced from the first end wall panel in the erected base so as to engage an end panel of the lid when the latter is fitted to the erected base to keep the Ud so fitted.

The second end waU panel of the base blank, and said end panel of the Ud blank, may in particular be sized to pass fully past one another on fitting the erected Ud to the erected base; said end panel of the Ud blank then engaging below a bottom edge of said second end wall panel. The container may be provided with an absorbent pad or member positioned inside the base on top of the bottom panel. The purpose of such an absorbent pad is to absorb Uquid material, such as melted ice and blood from the stored contents, e.g. fish, inside the container base when the latter is in use. This is intended to prevent the stored contents from "floating" in the Uquid material. IdeaUy, the absorbent member is intended to fit closely inside the container base, i.e. it will have substantiaUy the same dimensions as the bottom panel so that there are gap or only smaU gaps between the positioned absorbent pad and the side walls of the container base. Typically, the absorbent pad comprises a Uquid-impervious top layer and an absorbent bottom layer, which may itself be several layers thick. In particular the absorbent bottom layer may comprise corrugated cardboard material, layers, e.g. from 3 to 5, of paper. The pad may incorporate a bactericide or other substance for controlling' possibly harmful bacteria, such as salmoneUa, Usteria and leioneUa.

According to a still further aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of packaging products, such as food produce, comprising erecting a container base from a blank according to said one aspect of the present invention, loading the container base with the products to be packaged, and closing the container base with a top formed from the said further blank. An absorbent member may be positioned in the container base after erection of the base and before loading the container base with products.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Embodiments of the invention wiU now be described, by way of example only, with particular reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a plan of a first blank of stiff yet foldable sheet material which can be erected to form a base of a container according to the present invention;

Figure 2 is a plan of a second blank of stiff yet foldable sheet material for a top of a container according to the present invention;

Figures 3 to 7 are schematic views not drawn to scale showing various stages in the erection of the blanks shown in Figures 1 and 2 into a container;

Figure 8 is a plan of an alternative first blank of stiff yet foldable sheet material which can be erected to form a base of a container according to the present invention;

Figure 9 is a plan of an alternative second blank of stiff yet foldable sheet material for a top of a container according to the present invention;

Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the use of an absorbent member in the container base;

Figure 11 is a plan of a further alternative first blank;

Figure 12 is a plan of a further alternative second blank for use with the blank of Figure 11;

Figure 13 is a plan of yet a further alternative first blank; Figure 14 is a plan of yet a further alternative second blank for use with the blank of Figure 13;

Figure 15 is a partiaUy cut-away view of a container according to the invention having drainage holes; and

Figure 16 is a schematic sectional view of a drainage hole.

Detailed Description of Particular Embodiments Figures 1 and 2 show container blanks, generaUy designated by the reference numerals 1 and 2, made of stiff yet foldable sheet material. Blank 1 is intended to be erected into a container base 3 and blank 2 is intended to form a container top 4 of a container 5; for example a fish box, shown in Figures 6 and 7.

A particularly suitable material for the blanks 1 and 2 which has good thermally insulating' properties is corrugated material, e.g. corrugated fibreboard or corrugated cardboard, having a pair of spaced apart flat paraUel outer liner sheets and one or more fluted or corrugated sheets between these outer Uner sheets. If more than one, e.g. two, fluted/ corrugated sheets are provided they are separated by one or more intermediate flat sheets. In Figures 1 and 2 the blank is made from corrugated fibreboard comprising spaced apart outer Uner sheets which are 'provided with a water-resistant or water-repeUent coating or lamination sandwiching a single corrugated sheet, the flutes or corrugations of the corrugated sheets extending in the directions of double- headed arrow A. The blank 2 may be provided with a tight and heat reflective layer on its lower face, i.e. the face destined to form the outside of the erected container. In the blanks 1 and 2 fold Unes are represented by dashed and chain Unes, the dashed Unes representing folds upwardly out of the plane of the paper and the chain Unes representing fold Unes downwardly out of the plane of the paper. The fold lines are typicaUy crease lines but may, for example, be fuU or partiaUy perforated Unes. Dotted portions of the blanks represent parts of the blank which are provided with adhesive means.

The blank 1 comprises a rectangular bottom panel 10 with a pair of side waU panel means and a pair of end waU panel means joined thereto. Each side waU panel means comprises a first side wall panel 11 (12) foldably connected to a side 13 (14) of the bottom panel 10 and a second side waU panel 15 (16) foldably connected to its associated first side waU panel 11 (12) along fold Une 17 (18). Each second side waU panel 15 (16) has end flaps or panels 19 and 20 (21 and 22) foldably connected thereto about fold Unes 23 and 24 (25 and 26), respectively.

Each end waU panel means comprises a first end waU panel 27 (28) foldably connected to an end 29 (30) of the bottom panel, and a second end waU panel 31 (32) foldably connected to the first end waU panel 27 (28) about a pair of closely spaced apart fold Unes 33,34 (35,36). As can be seen in Figure 1, the second end waU panels 31 and 32 are divided along fold lines 39 and 40, respectively, into inner and outer portions 37a, 37b and 38a, 38b. The upper face (as viewed in Figure 1) of the blank 1 has double-sided self-adhesive strips 41 and 42 provided on the portions 37b and 38b, respectively. These self- adhesive strips 41 and 42 are covered by removable non-adhesive release covering strips. Alternatively (not shown) it is possible not to divide the second panels 31 and 32 by the fold Unes 39 and 40 but instead to provide the self-adhesive strips 41 and 42 on the underside of the blank 1 (as viewed in Figure 1).

At each of the four corners of the bottom panel there is a gusset means generaUy designated 43-46, respectively, only one (gusset means 43) of which wiU be described in detail hereinafter. The gusset means 43 comprises a pair of gusset panels 43a and 43b separated by a diagonal fold Une 43c. Gusset panel 43a is foldably joined to the first end waU panel 27 about fold line 43d and gusset panel 43b is foldably connected to the first side waU panel 11 and the end panel 19 along fold Unes 43e and 43f, respectively.

Figures 3 to 6 show various stages in the erection of an open-topped container from the blank 1. Figure 3 shows initial stages of the folding of one of the side waU panel means and one of the end waU panel means relative to the bottom panel 10. m Figure 4 it can be seen how the second side waU panels 15 and 16 are folded outwardly back against first side waU panels 11 and 12, respectively to form double thickness side walls. From Figures 4 to 6 it can be seen how the end flaps or panels 19-22 and gusset means 43-46 are folded flat against the outside of the respective first end waU panels 27 and 28 to form at least double thickness end waUs for the open-topped container. In the final stage of the erection of the open-topped container; the release covering strips are removed from the self-adhesive strips 41 and 42, the outer portions 37b and 38b of the end waU panels 31 and 32 are folded back against the inner portions 37a and 38a, respectively, of the end waU panels 31 and 32 and the folded over panels 31, 37 and 32/38 are pressed against the underlying end panels 19, 21 and 20, 22 to be adhered thereto by the setf-adhesive strips 41 and 42 (see Figure 6).

The blank 2 comprises a rectangular top panel 50 having side panels 51 and 52 foldably joined to the top panel along sides 53 and 54, respectively, and end panels 55 and 56 foldably joined to the top panel along ends 57 and 58, respectively. End flaps 59, 60 and 61, 62 are foldably joined to opposite ends of the end panels 55 and 56, respectively. Double-sided adhesive tape is adhered to opposite side regions of the blank 2 to provide paraUel adhesive strips 63 and 64 on side panels 51 and 52, respectively, and paraUel adhesive strips 65-68 on end flaps 59-62, respectively. As with blank 1, the outer adhesive layer is covered by a suitable removable covering strip.

In order to close the open-topped container 3, the top 4 is erected from the blank 2. Suitably the top is not pre-erected but instead is positioned with the top panel 50 over the top of the open topped container. The end panels are then folded downwardly against the end waUs of Hie container, the covering strip is removed from the adhesive strips 65-67 and the flaps 59-62 are folded against, and adhered to, the side waUs of the container. FinaUy, the removable covering strips are removed from the adhesive strips 63 and 64 and the side panels 51 and 52 are folded downwardly against, and adhered to, the side waUs of the container (see Figure 7).

Figures 8 and 9 show alternative first and second blanks respectively. Reference numerals in Figures 8 and 9 correspond to those in Figures 1 to 7 but with the addition of 100.

Figure 8 shows an alternative first blank 101, which is largely similar to the first blank 1 of Figure 1. The main difference is that the end flaps 119 to 122 of the alternative first blank 101 are elongated in the longitudinal direction of the blank. This means that when the blank is erected into a container, end flaps 119 and 121 overlap and end flaps 120 and 122 overlap. This provides additional strength to the ends of the container and helps in preventing budding of the ends when the fuU container is pulled in a longitudinal direction.

Figure 9 shows an alternative second blank 102 which comprises a rectangular top panel 150 having side panels 151 and 152 foldably joined to the top panel along sides 153 and 154, respectively, and end panels 155 and 156 foldably joined to the top panel along ends 157 and 158, respectively. End flaps 159, 160 and 161, 162 are foldably joined to opposite ends of the side panels 151 and 152 respectively. Double-sided adhesive tape is adhered to opposite side regions of the blank 102 to provide an adhesive strip 163 running along side panel 151 and end flaps 159, 161, and a paraUel adhesive strip 164 running along side panel 152 and end flaps 160, 162. As with blank 101, the outer adhesive layer is covered by a suitable removable covering strip.

In order to close an open-topped container erected from the blank 102, a top is erected from the blank 102. Either the top may be pre-erected or the blank 102 may be positioned with the top panel 150 over the top of the open topped container. The end panels 155, 156 are then folded downwardly against the end waUs of the container. The covering strip is removed from the adhesive strips 163, 164 and the side panels 151, 152 are folded downwardly against, and adhered to, the side waUs of the container. The end flaps 159-162 are then folded against, and adhered to, the end panels 155, 156.

m the closed container according to the invention the side and end waUs provided by the open-topped container and the Ud or top each have at least three thicknesses of blank material to provide good thermal insulation to any contents of the container. TypicaUy, in use, the open topped container would be packed with suitable products, such as fresh fish and optionaUy also ice, and would be closed by the 'top erected from the blank 2 or 102. If used on- site on a trawler or the tike_/ the blanks 1 and 2 or 101 and 102 can be kept in their unerected flat storage condition until a container is required to be used. Storage space is therefore not taken up by erected, non-fiUed containers.

One particular advantage of the erected open-topped container is that the construction is intended to protect any open ended flutes of the corrugated sheet material from contact/ exposure to ice or water when it is being packed. NormaUy during packing ice is thrown in on top of the packed contents in a haphazard manner. However, as can be seen in the drawings, there is a minimum of exposure of the edge fluting with inner and outer protective layers throughout the design. In particular, none of the upper edges of the upstanding waUs has exposed edge fluting.

Conveniently, an absorbent member 70 (see Figure 10) may be positioned in the bottom of the erected open-topped container before the container is fined with products. The absorbent member 70 has a Uquid- impervious, e.g. plastics, top layer 71 and an absorbent bottom layer 72 typicaUy comprising a number, e.g. from 3 to 5, layers of paper, one or more layers of corrugated cardboard or other absorbent material. The purpose of the absorbent member 70 is to provide an absorbent pad at the bottom of the container for absorbing Uquids> e.g. melted ice and blood from stored produce such as fish, to prevent the stored product from "swimming" in fluid. IdeaUy, the absorbent member 70 is sized to be similar to the bottom of the container so that there are no gaps, or only smaU gaps, between the edge of the absorbent pad and the waUs of the container. The liquid-impervious top layer 71 provides a virtuaUy dry surface or barrier on which the product to be packaged is supported. The absorbent member or "pad" may incorporate a bactericide for confronting possible harmful bacteria, such as sahnoneUa, Usteria and leioneUa. The bactericide or other substance may be impregnated in the paper or incorporated in glue or other material of the absorbent pad.

Figure 11 shows a further alternative first blank 201, which is largely similar to the blank 101 of Figure 8. However second end waU panels 231, 232 of the blank of Figure 11 are wider than the corresponding second end waU panels of Figure 8. AdditionaUy tabs 280, 281 are provided at the centre of the free edges of the second end waU panels 231, 232 respectively. When the container base is erected tab 280 is tucked underneath the overlapping bottom edges of end flaps 220 and 222 and tab 281 is tucked underneath the overlapping bottom edges of end flaps 219 and 221 to secure the second end waU panels in place.

Figure 12 shows a further alternative Ud blank 202. This has panels which correspond to those of the Ud blank 102 of Figure 9 (and designated by reference numerals with the addition of 100). However in the Ud blank of Figure 12, triangular corner pieces 285 connect end panels 255, 256 to end flaps 259-262. Also, the end flaps 259-262 are elongated. End tabs 290, 291 are provided on second end waU panels 292, 293 of the Ud blank which are connected by crease Unes to the first end waU panels 255, 256 respectively.

In erecting a Ud from the Ud blank 202, the side waU panels 251, 252 and the end waU panels 255, 256 are folded downwardly from the top panel 250. The end flaps 259-262 and triangular pieces 285 are folded to create gusseted comers thus preventing leakage even when the closed container is inverted. In contrast to the end flaps 219-222 of the base which are folded outside the first end waU panels thereof, the end flaps 259-262 of the Ud blank are folded inside the first end waU panels 255, 256: Second end waU panels 292, 293 are then folded inwardly and upwardly over the end flaps 259-262 and tabs 290, 291 are tucked over and behind the end flaps.

On fitting a Ud erected from the blank 202 to a base erected from the blank, the second end waU panels 231, 232 of the base press against the second end waU panels 292, 293 of the Ud and provide a tight fit

Figures 13 and 14 show base and Ud blanks respectively having an enhanced engagement between the ^: Ud and base when erected. In this embodiment of the invention the second end waU panels 331, 332 of the base and the second end waU panels 392, 393 of the Ud are narrower than the corresponding panels shown in Figures 11 and 12. Also the base end flaps 319- 322, and the outermost parts of the Ud end flaps 359-362 are narrower so that tabs 380, 381, 390, 391, can still be tucked therebehind respectively.

A Ud erected from the blank of Figure 14 has its second end wall panels 392, 393 extending upwardly inside the first end panels 355, 356 over only a part, for example about haU, of the height thereof. Similarly a base erected from the blank of Figure 13 has its second end waU panels 331, 332 extending upwardly inside the first end panels 355, 356 over only a part, of the height thereof, preferably about the same extent as the part of Ud first end panels 355, 356 which are not covered by Ud second end waU panels 331, 332. Thus, when the Ud is fitted to the blank, there is a positive latching between the second end waU panels 331, 332 of the base, and the second end waU panels 392, 393 of the Ud as the former move into the space above the latter and vice versa.

In machine-erectable versions (nbt shown) of the blanks 201, 202, 301 and 302 the end tabs 280, 281, 290, 291, 380, 381, 390, 391 are omitted and securing of the second end waU panels could be achieved solely by adhesive means.

It is often desirable to aUow drainage of fluid, such as melt-water resulting from ice packed around produce in the container. To this end drainage holes may be provided. For example, as shown in Figure 15, drainage holes 95 can be provided at the crease between the bottom panel and the waUs (here the end waUs) of the container base. Simply providing a hole in the corrugated sheet material may be unacceptable because of the possible ingress of fluid into the flutes of the material. Thus, water resistant films, preferably in the form of adhesive patches 96 having drainage apertures 97, are appUed to the holes. As shown in Figure 16, the patches 96 are apptied to both sides of the blank and prevent fluid reaching the edges of the holes 95 that would otherwise be exposed.

If desired additional flat, rectangular thermaUy insulating blanks (not shown) may be positioned in the bottom of the erected open-topped container before the latter is filled with products and on top of the fiUed container just before the lid is fitted over the container. In this way, additional thermaUy insulating layers can be provided on the bottom and top of the container.

The provision of a Ught and heat reflective layer, at least on the surface of the blank 2, 102, 202 or 302 destined to form the outside of the Ud or top, improves the thermal insulating properties of the top.

Although corrugated fibreboard/ cardboard is the presently preferred material for the enclosure it may be made, for example, of double skinned fluted polypropylene copolymer or of other stiff yet foldable sheet material which may or may not be corrugated or fluted and which may comprise plastics materials, e.g. EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate), EPS (polyform) or PVC.

According to a further aspect of the invention there is provided an absorbent pad for inclusion in a fish box or other food product box and incorporating a bactericide.

Claims

1. A blank made of stiff yet foldable sheet material erectable into a container base, comprising: a rectangular bottom panel; a pair of side waU panel means each comprising a first side waU panel foldably connected to an associated side of the bottom waU panel so as to be foldable upwardly therefrom to provide one layer of a side waU, a second side waU panel foldably connected to the first side waU panel so as to be foldable over against the latter to provide a second layer of the side waU, and end flaps foldably connected to opposite ends of the second side wall panel; a pair of end waU panel means each comprising a first end waU panel foldably connected to an associated end of the bottom waU panel so as to be foldable upwardly therefrom to provide one layer of an end waU, and a second end waU panel foldably connected to the first end waU panel; and foldable gusset means at each corner of the bottom panel connecting opposite ends of each side waU panel means to opposite ones of said end waU panel means; whereby in the erected container base the two end flaps associated with each end of the blank are folded against the associated first end waU panel to provide a second layer of the end waU and the second end waU panel of each end waU panel means is folded over; for connection to, the underlying end flaps.

2. A blank according to claim 1, wherein each end flap is shaped so as to overlap the other end flap of the pair when the blank is erected into a container base.

3. A blank according to claim 1 or 2, provided with adhesive means for adhering the second end waU panels to the underlying end flaps.

4. A blank according to claim 3, wherein the adhesive means comprises a double-sided adhesive strip one side of which is adhered to the blank and the other side of which has a removable non-adhesive covering thereon.

5. A blank according to claim 3 or 4, in which the adhesive means is provided on the said second end waU panels.

6. A blank according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the sheet material comprises corrugated material.

7. A blank according to claim 6, wherein said corrugated material comprises corrugated fibreboard or cardboard.

8. A blank according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the sheet material is provided on both sides with a water resistant coating or a laminated finish or is impregnated with water-repeUent material.

9. A blank according to any one of the preceding claims, including at least one hole arranged to provide drainage in the erected base.

10. A blank according to claim 9, wherein the at least one hole comprises a hole in the stiff yet foldable sheet material and at least one fluid resistant film appUed over a periphery of the hole in the stiff yet foldable sheet material such as to aUow fluid to flow through the hole without exposing said periphery to the fluid.

11. A blank according to claim 10, wherein the at least one hole has a first layer of fluid resistant film appUed to a first side of the blank and a second layer of fluid resistant film appUed to a second side of the blank, the first and second layers of film having mutuaUy coincident apertures which aUow fluid to flow through the hole.

12. A set of blanks made of stiff yet foldable sheet material comprising a blank according to any preceding claim, erectable into a container base, and a Ud blank erectable to into a Ud sized to fit the container base, the second end waU panel of each end waU panel means being arranged to be spaced from the first end waU panel in the erected base so as to engage an end panel of the Ud when the latter is fitted to the erected base to keep the Ud so fitted.

13. A set of blanks according to claim 12, wherein the second end waU panel of the blank erectable into the base, and said end panel of the Ud blank, are sized to pass fuUy past one another on fitting the erected lid to the erected base, said end panel of the Ud blank then engaging below a bottom edge of said second end waU panel.

14. An open-topped container erected from a blank according to any one of claims 1 to 11, comprising a rectangular bottom, double thickness side waUs extending upwardly from said bottom, double thickness end waUs extending upwardly from said bottom panel, a gusset at each corner of the container connecting opposite ends of each side waU to opposite ones of said end waUs, end flaps connected to opposite ends of each side waU and folded with the gusset means against the end waUs, and connection means, typicaUy adhesive means, connecting the end flaps to the end waUs.

15. A container according to claim 14 having a Ud.

16. A container according to claim 15, wherein said Ud comprises a rectangular top panel, Ud side waUs extending downwardly from said top panel, double thickness Ud end waUs extending downwardly from said top panel, a Ud gusset means at each corner of the Ud connecting opposite ends of each Ud side wall to opposite ones of said Ud end waUs, Ud end flaps connected to opposite ends of each Ud side waU and folded with the Ud gusset means against the Ud end waUs, and Ud connection means connecting the end flaps to the end waUs.

17. A container according to claim 16, wherein the second end waU panel of each end waU panel means of the base is spaced from the first end waU panel so as to engage a Ud end panel forming part of the Ud end wall when the latter is fitted to the base to keep the lid so fitted.

18. A container according to claim 17, wherein the second end waU panel of the base, and said Ud end panel are sized to pass fuUy past one another on fitting the Ud to the base, said end panel of the Ud blank then engaging below a bottom edge of said second end waU panel of the base.

19. A container according to claim 15, 16, 17 or 18, wherein said Ud is adhesively joined to said side waUs and/ or said end waUs.

20. A container according to any one of claims 15 to 19, wherein said Ud has a reflective foil covering for reflecting external heat and Ught radiation.

21. A container according to any one of claims 14 to 20, and an absorbent member for positioning inside the base on top of the bottom panel.

22. A container according to claim 21, in which the absorbent member has the same dimensions as the bottom panel of the container.

23. A container according to claim 21 or 22, in which the absorbent member has a Uquid-impervious top layer and an absorbent bottom layer.

24. A container according to any one of claims 21 to 23, in which the absorbent member includes a bactericide.

25. A method of packaging products, such as food produce, comprising erecting a container base from a blank according to any one of claims 1 to 11, loading the container base with the products to be packaged, and closing the container base with a top formed from a further blank.

26. An absorbent pad for inclusion in a fish box or other food product box and incorporating a bactericide.

27. A blank of stiff but foldable sheet material for forming a container, comprising a hole in the stiff yet foldable sheet material and at least one fluid resistant film appUed over a periphery of the hole in the stiff yet foldable sheet material such as to aUow fluid to flow through the hole without exposing said periphery to the fluid.

28. A blank according to claim 2 , wherein the at least one hole has a first layer of fluid resistant film appUed to a first side of the blank and a second layer of fluid resistant film appUed to a second side of the blank, the first and second layers of film having mutuaUy coincident apertures which aUow fluid to flow through the hole.