EP1577525A2 - Verfahren zur Kontrolle der Behandlung der Abgase eines Verbrennungsmotors und Fahrzeug, das dieses Verfahren benützt - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Kontrolle der Behandlung der Abgase eines Verbrennungsmotors und Fahrzeug, das dieses Verfahren benützt Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1577525A2
EP1577525A2 EP05300128A EP05300128A EP1577525A2 EP 1577525 A2 EP1577525 A2 EP 1577525A2 EP 05300128 A EP05300128 A EP 05300128A EP 05300128 A EP05300128 A EP 05300128A EP 1577525 A2 EP1577525 A2 EP 1577525A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
trap
nitrogen oxides
nox
stored
probe
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05300128A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1577525A3 (de
Inventor
Arnaud Audoin
Alain Sassi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PSA Automobiles SA
Original Assignee
Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA filed Critical Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA
Publication of EP1577525A2 publication Critical patent/EP1577525A2/de
Publication of EP1577525A3 publication Critical patent/EP1577525A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
    • F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/027—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/0275—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus the exhaust gas treating apparatus being a NOx trap or adsorbent
    • F02D41/028—Desulfurisation of NOx traps or adsorbent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
    • F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/0295—Control according to the amount of oxygen that is stored on the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/08—Exhaust gas treatment apparatus parameters
    • F02D2200/0806—NOx storage amount, i.e. amount of NOx stored on NOx trap
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
    • F02D41/146—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an NOx content or concentration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
    • F02D41/2406—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using essentially read only memories
    • F02D41/2425—Particular ways of programming the data
    • F02D41/2429—Methods of calibrating or learning
    • F02D41/2451—Methods of calibrating or learning characterised by what is learned or calibrated
    • F02D41/2454—Learning of the air-fuel ratio control
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
    • Y10T436/17—Nitrogen containing
    • Y10T436/177692—Oxides of nitrogen

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of controlling the treatment exhaust from an engine and to a motor vehicle using this method, in particular with the aid of a trap. oxides of nitrogen to reduce the level of nitrogen oxides present in exhaust gas.
  • this trap 104 is formed of materials having an affinity with respect to the nitrogen oxides in order to initially retain the latter when the gases 106 pass through the trap 104 and then, in a second step, to allow their reduction in nitrogen (N 2 ).
  • N 2 nitrogen
  • such a trap 104 alternates two operating modes, characteristic of the nitrogen oxide trap, described in detail below:
  • a first mode of operation corresponds to a storage of oxides of nitrogen during which trap 104 captures these in the 106 exhaust gas.
  • This mode corresponds to a so-called “poor” operation of the engine such as the oxygen is in excess of the fuel.
  • wealth r of the mixture equal to the ratio of the quantity of fuel to the quantity of oxygen, is less than 1.
  • the storage of nitrogen oxides is limited by the storage capacity of the trap 104, which can be defined as the maximum M ax mass of nitrogen oxides that trap 104 can capture.
  • the storage efficiency E (t) of this trap 104 can be defined as the difference between the incoming mass M ent (t) and the outgoing mass M fate (t) of nitrogen oxides reported on the incoming mass M ent (t) of nitrogen oxides.
  • This formula (1) reflects the decrease in efficiency E (t) of a nitrogen oxide trap as the mass of nitrogen oxides stored tends to the maximum mass M ax (T) of nitrogen oxides that can be stored because, in this case, the mass of nitrogen oxides M exits (t) tends towards the mass of nitrogen oxides M ent (t) incoming.
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b represent the efficiency E (t) (ordinate axis 200, percentage) of nitrogen oxide trap 104 as a function of mass (abscissa axis 202, in grams) of nitrogen oxides stored in this trap 104.
  • FIG. 2a also shows that the efficiency E (t) of the trap oxides of nitrogen also decreases when the amount of sulfur (S) captured by the trap increases in the latter, this decrease being due to a lowering the storage capacity of the trap.
  • a second mode of operation of the trap 104 corresponds to the reduction in nitrogen (N 2 ) of the nitrogen oxides captured by this trap, the latter reacting with the reducing agents (HC: hydrocarbons, CO: carbon monoxide and H 2 : hydrogen ), supplied by the engine 102 via the exhaust gases 106.
  • the reducing agents HC: hydrocarbons, CO: carbon monoxide and H 2 : hydrogen
  • the quantity of hydrocarbons supplied to the trap 104 is increased to using a so-called "rich" operation of the 102 engine, the amount of fuel introduced into the engine being in excess of the amount of oxygen relative to the stoichiometric conditions, the richness r of the mixture being greater than 1.
  • This destocking mode requires a good determination of the quantity of nitrogen oxides present in the trap 104 to control the engine so that it provides the ratio, called ⁇ , optimal between the amount of oxygen (oxidant) and amount of reducing agents (HC, CO and H2) in the exhaust.
  • This determination is currently carried out using a model of operation of the trap 104 which aims to predetermine the ability of storage of the latter depending on, for example, the number of destocking of nitrogen oxides or sulfur, in order to control optimal new destocking operations.
  • the present invention results from the observation that, during its operation, the variation of the storage capacity of an oxide trap nitrogen, previously described with the aid of FIGS. 2a and 2b, may be such that the operation of the trap differs significantly from its modeling, as described later using Figures 3a, 3b, 3c and 3d.
  • the present invention also results from the observation that such a drift is unpredictable given that the sulfur content of the fuel used by a vehicle is variable, for example from one country to another.
  • the present invention aims to provide a control method the operation of a catalyst provided with a nitrogen oxide trap.
  • the invention relates to a process for controlling the treatment exhaust gases from a combustion engine, including nitrogen oxides in these gases being stored and then reduced in a modeled trap of such so that the reduction of these oxides of nitrogen is controlled when the Trap storage capacity, determined according to the model, reaches a threshold, characterized in that the modeling of the trap in measuring the amount of nitrogen oxides stored in this trap, by means of NOx probe downstream of the trap, and comparing this measurement to the quantity of nitrogen oxides stored, determined according to the model, in order to correct the latter if the amount of nitrogen oxides measured is substantially different from the predetermined amount depending on the model.
  • Such a process, in which the quantity of oxides is directly measured nitrogen stored in the trap has the advantage of allowing the correction of the nitrogen oxide storage model of the trap considered as the wear of this trap, so that his command corresponds to its actual storage capacity.
  • destocking of oxides of nitrogen or sulfur can be optimally controlled, minimizing the amount and duration of these destocking, the wear of the trap and the quantity of hydrocarbons, in particular carbon monoxide, emitted the outside of the vehicle.
  • the measurement of the quantity of oxides is determined of nitrogen stored in the trap by averaging different measurements carried out on different cycles of storage and reductions in nitrogen oxides.
  • the quantity of nitrogen oxides stored in the trap using a nitrogen oxide probe providing a signal whose level is proportional to the amount of nitrogen oxides exiting the trap.
  • the quantities of nitrogen oxides, measured or modeled, such as nitrogen oxide masses, by example in gram are measured or modeled.
  • the model is modified by determining a new storage capacity of the trap as the product of the previous ability storage by the ratio of the amount of nitrogen oxides stored according to the measure the amount of nitrogen oxides stored according to the model.
  • a sulfur destocking is ordered when the ratio of the amount of nitrogen oxides measured to the amount of oxides modeled nitrogen exceeds a predetermined threshold.
  • a probe determining the oxygen content of exhaust gas after their treatment with the trap, the level the signal emitted by this probe to determine an oxidation capacity of the trap.
  • the signal level is a function of the quantity of hydrocarbons present in the exhaust gas.
  • the probe is a NOx nitrogen oxide probe also delivering information of the ⁇ probe type.
  • the invention also relates to a vehicle provided with means for controlling the treatment of the exhaust gases of a heat engine, the oxides of nitrogen in these gases being stored and then reduced to a trap modeled so that the reduction of these oxides of nitrogen is controlled when the storage capacity of the trap, determined according to the model, reaches a threshold, characterized in that it comprises means for control the modeling of the trap according to a process in accordance with one of the previous achievements.
  • the drift of a trap oxides of nitrogen can reach high values as shown below with reference to FIGS. 3a and 3b, relating to an oxide trap Nitrogen, and 3c and 3d, relating to this same trap after use of the latter, for example, after 10 to 20 sequences of storage / destocking of sulfur.
  • FIG. 3a shows instantaneous measurements relating to masses (axis 300 ordinates, in gram per second) of oxides nitrogen captured by the trap considered while in Figure 3b is represented the evolution of the total mass of nitrogen oxides stored in this trap (axis 302 of ordinates, in grams) according to the same chronology (axis 304, in seconds).
  • the periods 308, destocking nitrogen oxides, triggered when the mass of nitrogen oxides stored exceeds a threshold value M are also represented.
  • the masses measured correspond to the masses predetermined by a model (NOx curve model ) of operation of the trap.
  • the masses measured (NOx curve measured ) differ greatly - up to 50% difference - from the predetermined masses ( model NOx curve) by the trap operating model, as shown using figures 3c and 3d which are respectively steps (NO measurement curve) relative to ground (axis 300 'of the ordinates, in grams per second) captured by nitrogen oxide trap this worn and the mass of stored oxides of nitrogen (axis 302 'ordinates, in grams) in this spent trap, according to the same chronology (axis 306, in seconds), as well as the predetermined measurements ( model NOx curve).
  • the model of operation of the trap to, in particular, determine the frequency of offsets of NOx and sulfur optimally.
  • a vehicle 400 (FIG. 4) according to the invention is provided with a trap 404 treating exhaust gases 406 emitted by its engine 402 and a processor 405 provided with means 405 'for modifying the model predetermined operation of the trap 404 according to variations measured the storage capacity of this trap 404.
  • a 408 nitrogen oxide probe provides a measure of nitrogen oxides in trap 404 using the gas partial pressure difference between a reference cell and the exhaust gas.
  • the processor 405 can therefore determine, as a first step, the amount of nitrogen oxides stored in the trap 404 then, in a second step, the difference between the measured quantity and the predetermined amount of nitrogen oxide stored in the trap.
  • the processor 405 performs a such determination by averaging the measured quantities when operating the trap according to the storage mode and according to the destocking mode of the trap for example, considering 50 to 100 measures so as to establish a relationship between the measured means and the predetermined means corresponding to the model.
  • this report maintains virtually equal to 1 while, if the storage capacity of the trap varies significantly from model, this ratio differs from 1. In this example, the admitted ratio goes up to 2 before the trap model is amended.
  • the processor 405 can then control a removal of sulfur, if the drift of trap 404 is attributable to a poisoning the trap with sulfur, or modifying the model of storage used to adapt it to a new storage capacity if this drift is attributable to the wear of the trap.
  • a second aspect of the invention which can be used independently, results from the observation that the oxidation capacity of a catalyst varies strongly during the operation of the nitrogen oxide trap, as shown below using Figures 5a and 5b.
  • Figures 5a shows the ratios in which the monoxide carbon (CO) emitted by a heat engine treated and converted by a trap with new nitrogen oxides.
  • the use of the same oxide trap spent nitrogen, with exhaust gases having the same ratio ⁇ of oxygen causes 13% of the carbon monoxide to react with oxides of nitrogen, 10% of this carbon monoxide reacts with oxygen while more than 75% of the carbon monoxide produced is emitted into the environment, which represents an operation of the trap insufficient with respect to certain exhaust standards.
  • the oxidation capacity of a trap decreases with the increase of its wear so that, for optimal operation of this trap, it It is advisable to increase the ratio ⁇ of oxygen in the exhaust gas in parallel with the increase of its wear.
  • the capacity is evaluated. oxidation of a nitrogen oxide trap on a regular basis to adapt the ⁇ ratio of oxygen in the exhaust gas.
  • the processor 405 uses the variation of the maximum value of the electrical signal " ⁇ ON / OFF" provided by the probe 408 since, as described below with the aid of FIGS. 6a, 6b and 6c, the value of this signal is dependent on the amount of hydrocarbons present in these gases for a ratio ⁇ given exhaust gases in oxygen.
  • This signal is generated upstream (curve C upstream ), and downstream (curve C downstream ) of the trap by a probe not shown, which allows to note that the value of this upstream voltage is independent of the amount of hydrocarbons present in the exhaust gas.
  • the signal voltage supplied by the probe 408 downstream of the trap decreases as a function of the quantity of hydrocarbons present in the gases 406, this quantity being all the more important as the rate Q HC (ordinate axis 600, as a percentage of oxidized hydrocarbons) conversion of hydrocarbons decreases.
  • This variation of the signal emitted by the probe 408 can be explained by recalling that measurement of the oxygen level by a probe ⁇ downstream of Nitrogen oxide trap is carried out, theoretically, after oxidation of all the drivers included in these exhaust gases.
  • the rate of diffusion of hydrocarbons within trap 404 is lower than that of other components, including oxygen so that when the ratio ⁇ is mesun downstream of the trap 404, this ratio ⁇ is even lower than the quantity hydrocarbons is high.
  • a processor 405 can control a increase of the ⁇ ratio in the exhaust gases in order to maintain the trap operation under optimal conditions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
EP05300128A 2004-02-27 2005-02-17 Verfahren zur Kontrolle der Behandlung der Abgase eines Verbrennungsmotors und Fahrzeug, das dieses Verfahren benützt Withdrawn EP1577525A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0450385A FR2866925B1 (fr) 2004-02-27 2004-02-27 Procede de controle du traitement des gaz d'echappement d'un moteur thermique et vehicule a moteur thermique mettant en oeuvre ce procede
FR0450385 2004-02-27

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1577525A2 true EP1577525A2 (de) 2005-09-21
EP1577525A3 EP1577525A3 (de) 2005-10-19

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EP05300128A Withdrawn EP1577525A3 (de) 2004-02-27 2005-02-17 Verfahren zur Kontrolle der Behandlung der Abgase eines Verbrennungsmotors und Fahrzeug, das dieses Verfahren benützt

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US (1) US20050191754A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1577525A3 (de)
FR (1) FR2866925B1 (de)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2866926B1 (fr) * 2004-02-27 2008-02-22 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Procede de diagnostic pour un catalyseur de gaz d'echappement d'un moteur thermique et vehicule mettant en oeuvre ce procede
ES2616513T3 (es) * 2008-09-03 2017-06-13 Testo Ag Procedimiento y dispositivo para la captación de valores de medición e indicación de los valores de medición

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6418711B1 (en) * 2000-08-29 2002-07-16 Ford Global Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for estimating lean NOx trap capacity

Family Cites Families (14)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5408215A (en) * 1991-09-04 1995-04-18 Ford Motor Company Catalyst monitoring using a hydrocarbon sensor
JP3852788B2 (ja) * 1995-10-02 2006-12-06 株式会社小松製作所 ディーゼルエンジンのＮＯｘ 触媒の劣化検出装置およびその劣化検出方法
US5743084A (en) * 1996-10-16 1998-04-28 Ford Global Technologies, Inc. Method for monitoring the performance of a nox trap
JP3331161B2 (ja) * 1996-11-19 2002-10-07 本田技研工業株式会社 排気ガス浄化用触媒装置の劣化判別方法
IT1305375B1 (it) * 1998-08-25 2001-05-04 Magneti Marelli Spa Metodo di controllo del titolo della miscela aria / combustibilealimentata ad un motore endotermico
JP4158268B2 (ja) * 1999-03-17 2008-10-01 日産自動車株式会社 エンジンの排気浄化装置
JP2000265825A (ja) * 1999-03-18 2000-09-26 Nissan Motor Co Ltd エンジンの排気浄化装置
JP2000282848A (ja) * 1999-03-30 2000-10-10 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 内燃機関の排気浄化装置
JP3805562B2 (ja) * 1999-06-03 2006-08-02 三菱電機株式会社 内燃機関の排気浄化装置
JP3570297B2 (ja) * 1999-06-10 2004-09-29 株式会社日立製作所 エンジン排気浄化装置
JP2001003735A (ja) * 1999-06-18 2001-01-09 Hitachi Ltd エンジン排気浄化装置
IT1310465B1 (it) * 1999-09-07 2002-02-18 Magneti Marelli Spa Metodo autoadattativo di controllo di un sistema di scarico per motori a combustione interna ad accensione comandata.
JP3860981B2 (ja) * 2001-08-28 2006-12-20 本田技研工業株式会社 内燃機関の排気浄化装置
FR2866926B1 (fr) * 2004-02-27 2008-02-22 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Procede de diagnostic pour un catalyseur de gaz d'echappement d'un moteur thermique et vehicule mettant en oeuvre ce procede

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6418711B1 (en) * 2000-08-29 2002-07-16 Ford Global Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for estimating lean NOx trap capacity

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Publication number Publication date
FR2866925B1 (fr) 2006-10-13
EP1577525A3 (de) 2005-10-19
FR2866925A1 (fr) 2005-09-02
US20050191754A1 (en) 2005-09-01

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