EP1576697B1 - Antennenvorrichtung - Google Patents

Antennenvorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1576697B1
EP1576697B1 EP04729855A EP04729855A EP1576697B1 EP 1576697 B1 EP1576697 B1 EP 1576697B1 EP 04729855 A EP04729855 A EP 04729855A EP 04729855 A EP04729855 A EP 04729855A EP 1576697 B1 EP1576697 B1 EP 1576697B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
radiation electrode
antenna
short
antenna device
coupling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP04729855A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1576697A1 (de
Inventor
Harald Humpfer
Rainer Wansch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Original Assignee
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
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Publication of EP1576697A1 publication Critical patent/EP1576697A1/de
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Publication of EP1576697B1 publication Critical patent/EP1576697B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/30—Combinations of separate antenna units operating in different wavebands and connected to a common feeder system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/02—Details
    • H01Q19/021—Means for reducing undesirable effects
    • H01Q19/023—Means for reducing undesirable effects for reducing the scattering of mounting structures, e.g. of the struts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/378—Combination of fed elements with parasitic elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/42—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an antenna device, and more particularly to an antenna device suitable for multi-band operation.
  • the present invention relates to an antenna for wireless data transmission, which may optionally include voice transmission.
  • WLANs wireless local area networks
  • compact small antennas which often have to be dual or multi-band capable.
  • separate antennas may be used in practice for each frequency range.
  • These separate antennas are connected to a diplexer, for example in the form of a diverter (Directional Filter) or a multiplexer, by which the signals to be transmitted are distributed according to the frequency ranges used on the competent individual antennas.
  • a diplexer for example in the form of a diverter (Directional Filter) or a multiplexer, by which the signals to be transmitted are distributed according to the frequency ranges used on the competent individual antennas.
  • the disadvantage of using separate antennas for each frequency range is the size of the individual antennas, with the required area for the antennas increasing with the number of antennas required.
  • the required distribution circuit in the form of a diplexer or multiplexer also takes up considerable space.
  • Dual-band PIFAs described in the above-referenced book comprise on a major surface of a substrate various antenna arrays realized by slots in an electrode formed on the surface, the antenna arrays being fed via a common feed point and grounded through a common short-circuit point.
  • Such antennas are also described in Zi Dong Liu et al., "Dual-Frequency Planar Inverted-F Antenna", IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 45, No. 10, October 1997, pages 1451-1458.
  • a non-planar, broadband antenna using a radiation coupling technique is described in Louis F. Fei et al., "Method Boosts Bandwidths of IFAs for 5-GHz WLAN NICs, Microwaves and RF", September 2002, pages 66-70.
  • Method Boosts Bandwidths of IFAs for 5-GHz WLAN NICs, Microwaves and RF September 2002, pages 66-70.
  • the radiation-coupled resonance of another IFA antenna expands the bandwidth of the antenna.
  • IFA antennas usually have a higher bandwidth than PIFA antennas, with most integrable dual band concepts having disadvantages due to their low bandwidth or their high space requirements.
  • US 2002/024466 A1 discloses antenna devices in which an antenna pattern of an inverted F-shape or an inverted L-shape is formed on a first surface of a substrate while an antenna pattern of an inverted L-shape is formed on an opposite second surface of the substrate is formed.
  • the antenna pattern arranged on the first surface is fed via a feed line, while the antenna pattern arranged on the second surface is driven by the antenna pattern on the first surface.
  • Comparable structures are known from US 2001/0043159 A1, in which fed antennas are implemented in an inverted F-shape, while coupled antennas are formed in an inverted L-shape.
  • JP 2002223108 A discloses an antenna attachment in which a microstrip line radiation electrode is mounted on a dielectric substrate is arranged. A first end of the radiation electrode is connected to ground. A second end is idle and faces a ground electrode across a gap. Near the second end, the radiation electrode is fed.
  • WO 01/33665 A1 discloses an antenna arrangement comprising a powered element having a feed point, a first leg and a second leg. Furthermore, a parasitic element is provided which has a first leg and a second leg. The powered element and the parasitic element are connected to a ground plane by their respective legs or capacitively coupled and arranged in spaced relation to the ground plane.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an antenna device with a simple construction and dual-bandity or a high bandwidth.
  • the two radiation electrodes of the antenna device according to the invention preferably have different lengths and thus different resonance frequencies, so that the antenna device according to the invention can be used as a dual-band antenna.
  • the radiation electrodes can also have such resonance frequencies that an antenna is obtained with an increased bandwidth compared to an antenna with only one radiation electrode becomes.
  • the antenna device according to the invention may further comprise more than two radiation electrodes and thus be used as a multi-band antenna.
  • the antenna or antenna device according to the invention is planar integrated, which offers itself due to the small size, especially at transmission frequencies in the centimeter and millimeter wave range.
  • Preferred fields of application of the antenna according to the invention are in mobile transmitters and receivers, which use two or more frequency bands or require a high bandwidth. Therefore, the present invention is excellent, for example, for the wireless LAN connection of mobile data processing equipment, since, for example, frequency ranges from 2400 to 2483.5 MHz and 5150 to 5350 MHz are used (Europe).
  • the frequency ranges from 5470 to 5725 MHz and the ISM band from 5725 to 5825 MHz (USA) may also be used.
  • the antenna according to the invention is also suitable for use in dual-band or multi-band mobile telephones (900 MHz / 1800 MHz, etc.). Due to the small size and the integrability on planar circuits, the antenna according to the invention u.a. well suited to be integrated with PCMCIA WLAN adapter cards for laptops.
  • the antenna for a wireless data transmission according to the invention is a dual-band integrated antenna, which is provided, for example, for use in the WLAN area 2.45 GHz and 5.2 GHz.
  • the principle according to the invention can also be extended to more than two bands and other frequencies.
  • the antenna device according to the invention is preferably implemented as an integrated IFA antenna in which, in contrast to conventional integrated IFAs, only a single element, namely the first radiation electrode, is galvanically fed.
  • the other element or elements (the second and further radiation electrodes) are inductively coupled. This results in a reduction in manufacturing overhead and space requirements, especially if the antenna is implemented using a multilayer concept.
  • the area requirement of the entire antenna is determined only by the size of the antenna element for the lowest frequency.
  • the antenna according to the invention is distinguished by an above-average bandwidth for planar antennas.
  • the inductive coupling and the characteristic impedance of the antenna elements can be optimally adapted by substrate thickness, substrate material (its permittivity), the shape of the feed line and a displacement of the feed point.
  • the antenna according to the invention is distinguished by optimal adaptability, minimal space requirement, high bandwidth and low production costs of previously known multiband concepts.
  • the antenna can be integrated completely planar on a substrate (dual band) or on a multilayer substrate (multiband). In preferred embodiments of the present invention, only one mass is required by contacting at the short-circuit side of the radiation electrodes.
  • FIG. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of an antenna device according to the invention, which is implemented on a double-sided substrate 10. It should be noted that for purposes of illustration in Fig. 1, the substrate is shown transparent.
  • the antenna device according to the invention shown in Fig. 1 consists in principle of two integrated IFAs ("inverted-F antennas"), wherein one of the antennas is formed on an upper side 10a of the substrate 10, while the other is formed on a lower side 10b.
  • a first radiation electrode 12 is formed having an open end 12a and a shorted end 12b. Further, on the main surface 10a, a lead 14 for galvanically feeding the first radiation electrode 12 is provided. The supply line 14 is connected to the first radiation electrode 12 at a feed point 16.
  • FIG. 2a shows a top view of the top side 10a of the relevant part of the substrate 10.
  • the short-circuited end 12b of the first radiation electrode 12 is connected via a via 20 to a ground electrode 22 (shown hatched in FIG. 1) formed on the main surface 10b of the substrate 10 opposite to the main surface 10a.
  • This opposite main surface 10b (the back side in FIG. 1) is shown in FIG. 2b as a "translucent" image from above, wherein the metallizations provided on the front side 10a have been omitted for illustration purposes and the substrate is transparent.
  • a second radiation electrode 24 is formed on the major surface 10b and has an open end 24a and a shorted end 24b.
  • the short-circuited end 24b is connected to the ground electrode 22.
  • a coupling conductor 26 having a first end connected to the ground electrode 22 and having a second end connected to the second radiation electrode 24 at a coupling point 28.
  • the ground electrode is provided as a backside metallization on the underside of the substrate and also serves as a ground plane for the microstrip line 14 and the antennas.
  • the galvanically driven, longer, first radiation electrode 12 is provided for the lower frequency band, while the inductively fed, shorter antenna 24 is provided for the upper frequency band.
  • the antenna shown in Fig. 1 consists in principle of two integrated IFAs, wherein the first of the two antennas for the first frequency band is fed by the feed line 14 in the form of a microstrip line.
  • the second antenna for the second frequency band which has the second radiation electrode 24, is inductively excited via a current loop. More specifically, in the illustrated embodiment, the lead 14 and the portion of the first radiation electrode 12 located between the shorted end 12b and the feed point 16 form a field current loop. which generates a magnetic flux.
  • the coupling line 26, the region of the second radiation electrode 24 lying between the short-circuited end 24b and the coupling point 28 and the earth electrode 22 form a circuit or a current loop. This current loop is arranged in the antenna device according to the invention such that it is penetrated by the magnetic flux generated by the excitation current loop, so that a current is induced in this current loop. By this induced current, the second radiation electrode 24 is fed.
  • the dimensions of the energized current loop formed on the back 10b approximately correspond to the dimensions of the exciter loop formed on the front side 10a.
  • the thickness of the substrate 10 may be, for example, 0.5 mm, so that the distance of the current loops on the top and bottom of the substrate is small (compared to the wavelength at the resonant frequency of the radiation electrode 24), so that a good magnetic coupling can be achieved ,
  • the radiation electrode 24 is inductively excited by magnetic coupling, the strength of the coupling depending on the mutual inductance between the excitation conductor and the energized conductor.
  • the size and shape of the excitation current loop and the energized current loop can be adjusted to achieve a desired coupling.
  • the coupling depends on the distance of the loops from each other.
  • the excitation current loop and the energized current loop need not constitute a closed current loop formed on the substrate, but may be formed as conductor regions which form an AC circuit or a current loop together with conductors not formed on the substrate.
  • the excitation current loop has only a course to generate a sufficient magnetic field or a sufficient magnetic flux, so that sufficient as a supply current current in the part of the circuit of the second antenna element that is arranged in the magnetic field or the magnetic flux, can be induced.
  • the respective current loops or circuits are designed to allow an alternating current flow, so that capacitive couplings can be provided within these current loops or circuits.
  • the feed point 16 is selected to achieve an impedance match between the microstrip line 14 and the radiation electrode 12.
  • the respective position for the feeding point 16 must be determined in the design of the antenna, by moving the feed point 16 to the left the antenna impedance can be reduced, while by moving the feed point 16 to the right the same can be increased, as indicated by an arrow 30 in FIG Fig. 2a is displayed.
  • the antenna impedance can thus be adapted to the impedance of the galvanic feed line.
  • an adjustment between antenna impedance of the second radiation electrode 24 and the coupling line 26 can be achieved by a suitable choice of the coupling point 28, as shown by an arrow 32 in Fig. 2b.
  • the induced current can be used optimally for feeding the second radiation electrode.
  • each of these lines could also with each perpendicular to the edge of the ground electrode 22 extending Part of the respective radiation electrode to be coupled, as required to achieve an impedance matching.
  • the overall geometry of the antenna device according to the invention can be reduced to, for example, to obtain a minimization of the space requirement, for example, by making the radiation electrodes or at least the longer of them meander-shaped.
  • the shape of the feed line 14a or the coupling line 26 and the choice of the feeding point or coupling point 26 may be different for achieving an impedance matching for the two radiation electrodes in order to allow an optimal adaptation for the two individual antenna elements.
  • the kink 14a provided in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 may be provided in the feed line 14 and the kink 26a in the coupling line 26 in order to achieve an impedance matching.
  • FIG. 3 A schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of a multi-band antenna according to the invention is shown in FIG. 3.
  • the multiband antenna is implemented in a multilayer substrate 50, which in turn is shown transparent for purposes of illustration and includes a first layer 52 and a second layer 54.
  • a first antenna element is formed, which substantially corresponds to the antenna element formed on the upper side 10 a of the substrate 10 with the first radiation electrode 12, wherein, in contrast to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, only the feed line 14 with the perpendicular to the edge of the ground surface 22 extending part of the radiation electrode 12 is connected and thus has a corresponding portion 14b.
  • the second radiation electrode 24 is formed in analogy to the embodiment described above.
  • a third radiation electrode 56 is formed with an open end 56a and a short end 56b. The short-circuited end is connected to the ground electrode 22 via a via 58 provided in the second layer 54.
  • a further through-connection 60 is provided in the second layer 54, via which a first end of a coupling line 62 is connected to the ground electrode 22. A second end of the coupling line 62 is connected to the third radiation electrode 56 at a crosspoint 64.
  • the third antenna element having the radiation electrode 56 has a structure that is comparable to the structure of the second antenna element having the radiation electrode 24.
  • the third radiation electrode 56 is energized by first inducing a current into the circuit of the second antenna element and inducing a current in the circuit of the third antenna element through this current induced in the circuit of the second antenna element.
  • This circuit of the third antenna element is formed by a conductor loop having the via 60, the coupling line 62, the portion of the third radiation electrode 56 located between the coupling point 64 and the shorted end 56b, the via 58 and the ground electrode 22.
  • the respective feed points or crosspoints for the different antenna elements may be arranged at different positions in order to achieve an adaptation for the various elements.
  • the galvanically fed antenna element could be arranged between two inductively fed antenna elements, so that no two-fold magnetic coupling would be necessary for feeding the third antenna element.
  • the first end of the coupling line 64 could be connected to the shorted end of the third radiation electrode 56 via a conductive trace (not shown) provided on the underside of the second layer 54 to form the circuit of the third antenna element. In such a case, only one via would be required in both the first layer 52 and the second layer 54 of the multilayer board.
  • the plurality of antenna elements can be used to produce a dual-band or multi-band antenna.
  • respective additional antenna elements may also be used to spread the bandwidth of a single frequency band, for example by selecting the resonant frequencies of two antenna elements adjacent to each other.
  • a Ro4003 substrate is a radio frequency substrate manufactured by Rogers Corporation and consists of a glass reinforced cured hydrocarbon / ceramic laminate.
  • HFSS is Ansoft Corporation's EM field simulation software for calculating S-parameters and field gradients based on the finite element method.
  • Fig. 4 shows purely schematically photographs of two such prototypes, in which the respective microstrip feed line is fed by a coaxial cable. For size comparison, a 20 cent coin is shown in Fig. 4 further. As can be seen in Fig. 4, the left antenna has a slightly narrower radiation electrode, while the right antenna has a wider radiation electrode.
  • Fig. 5a shows the characteristics obtained in input reflection measurements of the left antenna in Fig. 4, while Fig. 5b shows the characteristics obtained in the right antenna shown in Fig. 4.
  • a variation of the bandwidth can be achieved by varying the geometry.
  • the principle of the invention can be extended to more than three radiation electrodes in order to achieve a corresponding multi-band or broadband.
  • a multilayer substrate having more than two layers may be suitably used.
  • the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments of antenna devices, but also includes single-sided printed antennas (in which two or more radiation electrodes are provided on a surface of a substrate) or wire antenna arrays.

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  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
EP04729855A 2003-04-28 2004-04-28 Antennenvorrichtung Expired - Lifetime EP1576697B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10319093 2003-04-28
DE10319093A DE10319093B3 (de) 2003-04-28 2003-04-28 Antennenvorrichtung
PCT/EP2004/004482 WO2004097981A1 (de) 2003-04-28 2004-04-28 Antennenvorrichtung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1576697A1 EP1576697A1 (de) 2005-09-21
EP1576697B1 true EP1576697B1 (de) 2006-05-31

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EP04729855A Expired - Lifetime EP1576697B1 (de) 2003-04-28 2004-04-28 Antennenvorrichtung

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US7218282B2 (no)
EP (1) EP1576697B1 (no)
JP (1) JP4074881B2 (no)
KR (1) KR100729269B1 (no)
AT (1) ATE328372T1 (no)
AU (1) AU2004234948B2 (no)
CA (1) CA2523070C (no)
DE (2) DE10319093B3 (no)
ES (1) ES2262118T3 (no)
HK (1) HK1080221B (no)
NO (1) NO20055600L (no)
WO (1) WO2004097981A1 (no)

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KR20050103972A (ko) 2005-11-01
CA2523070C (en) 2009-12-22
AU2004234948A1 (en) 2004-11-11
HK1080221B (zh) 2006-12-29
NO20055600D0 (no) 2005-11-25
JP4074881B2 (ja) 2008-04-16
KR100729269B1 (ko) 2007-06-15
AU2004234948B2 (en) 2007-02-01
ES2262118T3 (es) 2006-11-16
HK1080221A1 (en) 2006-04-21
NO20055600L (no) 2005-11-25
ATE328372T1 (de) 2006-06-15
EP1576697A1 (de) 2005-09-21
US20060109179A1 (en) 2006-05-25
US7218282B2 (en) 2007-05-15
DE502004000660D1 (de) 2006-07-06
JP2006524940A (ja) 2006-11-02
CA2523070A1 (en) 2004-11-11
DE10319093B3 (de) 2004-11-04
WO2004097981A1 (de) 2004-11-11

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