EP1570710B1 - Industriemikrowellenofen zur wärmebehandlung von producten und dabei angewendetes verfahren, insbesondere zur tötung von insekten in holz - Google Patents

Industriemikrowellenofen zur wärmebehandlung von producten und dabei angewendetes verfahren, insbesondere zur tötung von insekten in holz Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1570710B1
EP1570710B1 EP03782012A EP03782012A EP1570710B1 EP 1570710 B1 EP1570710 B1 EP 1570710B1 EP 03782012 A EP03782012 A EP 03782012A EP 03782012 A EP03782012 A EP 03782012A EP 1570710 B1 EP1570710 B1 EP 1570710B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
microwave oven
magnetrons
oven
wood
space
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03782012A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1570710A1 (de
Inventor
Wilfried Lodewijk Alice Pas
Carlo Bernardus Ghislain Groffils
Rudolf Pieter Maria Jan Hoebeek
Pieter Joseph Urbain C. Luypaert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hoebeek Naamlooze Vennootschap
Microwave Energy Applications Co "MEAC" NV
Original Assignee
Hoebeek Naamlooze Vennootschap
Microwave Energy Applications Co "MEAC" NV
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Publication date
Application filed by Hoebeek Naamlooze Vennootschap, Microwave Energy Applications Co "MEAC" NV filed Critical Hoebeek Naamlooze Vennootschap
Publication of EP1570710A1 publication Critical patent/EP1570710A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1570710B1 publication Critical patent/EP1570710B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/32—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action
    • F26B3/34—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action by using electrical effects
    • F26B3/343—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action by using electrical effects in combination with convection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/78—Arrangements for continuous movement of material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2210/00—Drying processes and machines for solid objects characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
    • F26B2210/16—Wood, e.g. lumber, timber
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2206/00—Aspects relating to heating by electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields covered by group H05B6/00
    • H05B2206/04—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B2206/045—Microwave disinfection, sterilization, destruction of waste...

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns an industrial microwave oven for the thermal treatment of products as well as a method applied thereby, in particular for killing insects in wood.
  • the invention can be applied for the thermal treatment of all sorts of products, the invention is specifically meant for drying wood, in particular for killing insects and larvae, such as 'lictus brunneus', which may be present in the wood.
  • Such microwave ovens for the thermal treatment of products on an industrial scale are already known from Dutch patent No. 8103118, whereby the products to be treated are guided through the oven space of the microwave oven on a conveyor belt and whereby these products are heated by microwaves coming from a number of smaller magnetrons situated on the outside of the oven space on the one hand, and by hot-air currents coming from the cooling of the magnetrons on the other hand.
  • the microwaves are guided from the magnetrons to the oven space via wave guides which flow into openings in the upper wall of the oven space, which microwaves are further radiated in the aforesaid openings in the oven space by means of antenna radiators, whereas the above-mentioned air currents are blown in the oven space via separate openings in the side walls.
  • microwave ovens Another disadvantage of such known microwave ovens is that, in order to fight insects in wood, whereby it is important for the wood to be exposed to sufficiently high temperatures for a sufficient length of time, relatively much energy is consumed.
  • the present invention aims to remedy the above-mentioned and other disadvantages by providing an industrial microwave oven which makes it possible to thermally treat products in an efficient, economical and uniform manner in order to dry them and/or to fight insects and larvae which might be present in it.
  • the invention concerns an industrial microwave oven for the thermal treatment of products, which mainly consists of an oven space which is limited by a metal case; one or several magnetrons onto which are connected one or several wave guides which open into the oven space with one outlet via openings in the upper wall of the above-mentioned case; one or several antenna radiators provided in the above-mentioned outlets, means in the shape of fans for cooling the magnetrons by means of gas flows, whereby a part of the above-mentioned gas flows are blown into the oven space via the aforesaid wave guides and circulators or insulators comprising ferrites are located in the waveguides in such a manner that the at least a part of said gas flows are blown into the oven space via the circulators or insulators.
  • the gas flows and the microwaves are guided to the oven space via the same wave guides, they have the same direction when they leave said wave guides, as a result of which the gas flows end up on the products to be treated in places opposite to the antenna radiators which are heated most of all by the microwave oven, so that the gas flows will have a cooling effect in these places, whereas in other places, where the microwaves are less concentrated, they will rather have a heating effect.
  • the invention also concerns a method for treating products, in particular for killing insects and larvae in wood, whereby the method mainly consists in briefly heating the wood in a microwave oven according to the invention up to a temperature which, when leaving the microwave oven, is considerably higher than the minimal killing temperature of the insects and larvae, and of subsequently letting the wood cool off outside the microwave oven, whereby the above-mentioned temperature when leaving the microwave oven is such that, after the wood has cooled to the minimal killing temperature, all insects and larvae will have been killed.
  • An advantage of this method is that less energy is required for killing insects and larvae in this manner than with the known methods whereby the wood is heated less fiercely, but for longer periods in order to make sure that all insects and larvae have been killed, and whereby the cooling period outside the oven is not taken into account.
  • Figures 1 and 2 represent an industrial microwave oven 1 according to the invention for the thermal treatment of products 2, in this case for the treatment of wooden boards.
  • the microwave oven 1 is provided with a conveyor belt 3 for the products 2 to be treated, which conveyor belt 3 consists of an endless belt 4 which is preferably provided with perforations 5 and which is guided over two or several rollers, 6 and 7 respectively, which are bearing-mounted in a frame which is not represented in the figures, whereby one roller 6 is provided with a drive 8 in the - shape of a motor or the like.
  • a metal case which is composed of a central case 9 without a bottom on the one hand, extending over the width of the conveyor belt 3, and of two or several higher cases which are mainly closed, 10 and 11 respectively, provided on either side of the conveyor belt 3 against the side walls of the central case 9, whereby an opening 12 is provided in these cases 10-11, for example in the bottom, covered by a filter 13.
  • central case 9 whose bottom is open is described as an example here, it is not excluded that, according to a variant which is not represented, the central case (9) is provided with a sealed bottom, whereby the top part of the endless belt 4 is in this case guided through the central case 9 via openings in the front and back wall of the central case 9.
  • the microwave oven 1 On either side of the conveyor belt 3, the microwave oven 1 is provided with a number of tubular wave guides situated opposite to each other, 14 and 15 respectively, provided with a vertical part 16 against the inner side of the side walls 17-18 of the cases 9 and 10 turned towards each other, and provided with a horizontal part 19 through openings in the above-mentioned side walls 17-18 and fixed on the top wall 20 of the central case 9, whereby these horizontal parts 19 preferably extend crosswise to the direction of transport, and up to almost the middle of the top wall 20.
  • Both far ends of the wave guides 14-15 are sealed by means of end walls, 21 and 22 respectively.
  • each wave guide 14-15 On each wave guide 14-15, at the height of the top end of the vertical part 16, is provided a duct 23 whose outlet is connected to a lateral opening 24 in the wall of the wave guide 14-15 concerned and in which is provided a magnetron 25 which sticks with its antenna 26 in the wave guide 14-15 and which is fed by a transformer 27 provided in the case 9-10.
  • the microwave oven 1 is provided with means for cooling the magnetrons 25 in the shape of fans 28 erected at the entries of the above-mentioned ducts 23.
  • Each wave guide 14-15 is provided over practically the entire length of the horizontal part 17 with a downward directed outlet 29 which opens in the central case 9 via an opening in the above-mentioned upper wall 20.
  • outlets 29 of the wave guides 14-15 are provided a number of antenna radiators 30 at regular distances from each other which are represented here as dipoles by way of example, but which could just as well be realised in the shape of slotted lines, leaky waves or the like.
  • the working and use of the industrial microwave oven 1 according to the invention is very simple and as follows.
  • the products 2 to be treated are loaded on the conveyor belt 3 and are thus carried under the central case 9.
  • the magnetrons 25 are excited and the microwaves 31 developed by the magnetrons 25 are radiated into the central case 9 via the wave guides 14-15 and the antenna radiators 30 onto the products 2 to be treated, as a result of which these products 2 will be heated.
  • the fans 28 are excited, as a result of which air is drawn in via the openings 12 and filters 13 and blown into the ducts 23 in order to cool the magnetrons 25.
  • the heated cooling air is guided further to the oven space 31 via the wave guides 14-15, where the cooling air, as represented by the arrows P, flows over the products 2 to be treated and is guided outside via the perforations 5 in the conveyor belt.
  • microwave oven 1 whereby sixteen magnetrons of 2 kW each are provided in every case 10-11, operating at a frequency of 2450 Hz, situated at a distance of some 25 centimetres from each other, and whereby each time 16 antenna radiators 30 are provided in the outlets 29 of the wave guides 14-15.
  • Figure 3 represents the temperature curve of the product 2 during a treatment in the above-described practical embodiment.
  • the temperature T of the product 2 to be treated exceeds a minimal killing temperature TMIN of some 60°C during a length of time DS of some 280 seconds.
  • the curve of figure 3 shows that this is obtained by shortly heating the product 2 between the point of time A at which it enters the microwave oven 1 and the point of time B at which it leaves the microwave oven 1, such that, when it leaves the microwave oven 1, a temperature TB of at least 70°C is reached which is considerably higher than the above-mentioned killing temperature.
  • the product 2 gradually cools and reaches the above-mentioned killing temperature TMIN again at the point of time C.
  • the speed of the conveyor belt 3 is adjusted such that the temperature TB of the product 2, when it leaves the microwave oven 1, is sufficiently high for the length of time (C-D) during which the temperature T of the product is higher than TMIN, to be at least equal to the above-mentioned length of time DS which is required to efficiently kill the insects and the larvae.
  • the product 2 is heated during the entire length of time DS, which requires much more energy compared to the method according to the invention whereby the product 2 is only shortly heated.
  • an insecticidal gas can be used to kill the insects and larvae.
  • Another application is the use of nitrogen which can be used for example in case of emergency to extinguish a possible fire in the microwave oven 1.
  • the climate in the actual oven space 31 can be perfectly conditioned, depending on the required application.
  • Figure 4 represents a variant of a microwave oven 1 according to the invention whereby additional fans 28 are in this case placed at the openings 12 of the cases 10-11 which offer the advantage that larger cooling flow rates can be realised which can moreover be guided along the above-mentioned transformers 27 for a better cooling of the latter.
  • circulators 32 and/or insulators in the known manner in view of the security which, as is known, are provided with a core on the basis of ferrites.
  • the wave guides 14-15 are situated on the top wall 20 in each other's prolongation, it is not excluded for these wave guides 14 and 15 to be applied crosswise in relation to each other and to preferably extend over the entire or almost the entire width of the top wall 20 in this case.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Constitution Of High-Frequency Heating (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Industrieller Mikrowellenofen für die thermische Behandlung von Produkten, aufweisend:
    einen Ofenraum (32), der von einem ersten Metallgehäuse (9) umgeben ist;
    ein oder mehrere Magnetrons (25), mit denen ein oder mehrere Wellenleiter (14-15) verbunden sind, welche in den Ofenraum (32) mit einem Ausgang (29) über Öffnungen in einer oberen Wand (20) des ersten Metallgehäuses (9) geöffnet sind;
    ein oder mehrere Antennenstrahler (30), die in den Ausgängen (29) angeordnet sind;
    eine Einrichtung zum Kühlen der Magnetrons (25) mittels eines Gasflusses, wobei mindestens ein Teil des vorgenannten Gasflusses in den Ofenraum (32) mittels der Wellenleiter (14-15) geblasen wird;
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    Zirkulatoren oder Isolatoren, die Ferrite beinhalten, in den Wellenleitern derart angeordnet sind, dass mindestens ein Teil der Gasflüsse in den Ofenraum (32) über die Zirkulatoren oder Isolatoren geblasen wird.
  2. Industrieller Mikrowellenofen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jedes Magnetron (25) in einem Kanal (23) vorgesehen ist, der mit einer Öffnung (24) in der Wand des Wellenleiters (14-15) des betroffenen Magnetrons (25), verbunden ist.
  3. Industrieller Mikrowellenofen nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einrichtung zum Kühlen aus einem Lüfter (28) besteht, der an dem Eingang des vorgenannten Kanals (23) angeordnet ist.
  4. Industrieller Mikrowellenofen nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Magnetrons (25) in zwei zweiten Gehäusen (10-11) vorgesehen sind, die im Wesentlichen an jeder Seite des ersten Metallgehäuses (9) abgedichtet sind, wobei jedes zweite Gehäuse (10-11) mindestens mit einer Öffnung (12) versehen ist, und dass die Wellenleiter (14-15) der betroffenen Magnetrons (25) Öffnungen (24), aufweisen, die in dem Raum der zweiten Gehäuse (10-11) angeordnet sind.
  5. Industrieller Mikrowellenofen nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Öffnungen (12) in den zweiten Gehäusen (10-11) mit einer Gasversorgung verbunden sind.
  6. Industrieller Mikrowellenofen nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gasversorgung mindestens einen Lüfter (28) aufweist.
  7. Industrieller Mikrowellenofen nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Metallofen (9) an der Unterseite offen ist, wobei ein Förderband (3) unter diesem Metallgehäuse (9) vorgesehen ist.
  8. Industrieller Mikrowellenofen nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das erste Metallgehäuse (9) an der Unterseite abgedichtet ist, wobei das Endlosband (4) eines Förderbandes (3) durch dieses erste Metallgehäuse (9) geführt ist.
  9. Industrieller Mikrowellenofen nach einem der Ansprüche der 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gasflüsse Luft oder Stickstoff oder ein Insektizidgas enthalten.
  10. Industrieller Mikrowellenofen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das eine oder die mehreren Magnetrons (25) jeweils eine Antenne (26) aufweisen und dass die Antennen (26) in dem Wellenleiter angeordnet sind und nicht in dem Ofenraum (32).
  11. Industrieller Mirkowellenofen nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 10 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Magnetrons in den Kanälen so angeordnet sind, dass mindestens ein Teil der Gasflüsse durch die Kanäle (23) und die Wellenleiter (14-15) in den Ofenraum (32) geblasen wird, um dadurch die Magnetrons (25) zu kühlen.
  12. Verfahren zum Behandeln von Produkten, insbesondere zum Abtöten von Insekten und Larven in Holz, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es im Wesentlichen aus einem kurzen Aufheizen des Holzes in einem Mikrowellenofen (1) gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche bis zu einer Temperatur (TB) besteht, die beim Verlassen des Mikrowellenofens (1) wesentlich höher als die minimale Abtötungstemperatur (TMIN) von Insekten und Larven ist, und wobei man nachfolgend das Holz außerhalb des Mikrowellenofens (1) abkühlen lässt, wobei die vorgenannte Temperatur (TB) beim Verlassen des Mikrowellenofens (1) so ist, dass nachdem das Holz bis zu der minimalen Abtötungstemperatur (TMIN) abgekühlt ist, alle Insekten und Larven getötet sind.
  13. Verfahren nach Anspruch 12 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Temperatur (TB) des Holzes beim Verlassen des Mikrowellenofens (1) auf mindestens 70°C ansteigt.
  14. Verfahren nach Anspruch 13, wobei das Holz bei einer Temperatur von mindestens 60°C für mindestens 280 Sekunden gehalten wird.
  15. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 14, wobei der Mikrowellenofen (1) einen Ofenraum (32) aufweist, welcher von einem ersten Metallgehäuse (9) umgeben ist, einem oder mehreren Magnetrons (25), welche mit ein oder mehreren Wellenleitern (14-15) verbunden sind, welche in den Ofenraum (32) mit einem Ausgang (29) über Öffnungen in einer oberen Wand (20) des ersten Metallgehäuses (9) offen sind und Stickstoffgas in den Ofenraum (32) über die Wellenleiter (14-15) geblasen wird und ferner ein Löschen eines Feuers in dem Mikrowellenofen (1) beinhaltet.
EP03782012A 2002-12-11 2003-12-10 Industriemikrowellenofen zur wärmebehandlung von producten und dabei angewendetes verfahren, insbesondere zur tötung von insekten in holz Expired - Lifetime EP1570710B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE200000722 2002-12-11
BE2002/0722A BE1015246A6 (nl) 2002-12-11 2002-12-11 Industriele microgolfoven voor het thermisch behandelen van producten en werkwijze daarbij toegepast, meer speciaal voor het doden van insecten in hout.
PCT/BE2003/000214 WO2004054324A1 (en) 2002-12-11 2003-12-10 Industrial microwave oven for the thermal treatment of products and method applied thereby in particular for killing insects in wood

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1570710A1 EP1570710A1 (de) 2005-09-07
EP1570710B1 true EP1570710B1 (de) 2006-05-17

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EP03782012A Expired - Lifetime EP1570710B1 (de) 2002-12-11 2003-12-10 Industriemikrowellenofen zur wärmebehandlung von producten und dabei angewendetes verfahren, insbesondere zur tötung von insekten in holz

Country Status (10)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1570710B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE326825T1 (de)
AU (1) AU2003289765A1 (de)
BE (1) BE1015246A6 (de)
DE (1) DE60305346T2 (de)
DK (1) DK1570710T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2264777T3 (de)
PT (1) PT1570710E (de)
SI (1) SI1570710T1 (de)
WO (1) WO2004054324A1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9726429B1 (en) 2016-01-31 2017-08-08 EPCON Industrial Systems, LP Wood processing oven and method
US10487283B1 (en) 2018-03-20 2019-11-26 EPCON Industrial Systems, LP Regenerative thermal oxidizer with secondary and tertiary heat recovery

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2928245B1 (fr) 2008-03-10 2011-01-07 Air Liquide Procede de decongelation de produits alimentaires par micro-ondes
DE102008052289A1 (de) * 2008-10-18 2010-04-22 S- Tech Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Trocknen einer Vielzahl von Holzstücken
EP2186941B1 (de) * 2008-11-17 2011-10-12 Kabushiki-Kaisha Takumi Strukturerhitzungssystem mittels Mikrowelle, Mikrowellenoszillationswellenleitervorrichtung und Mikrowellenoszillatorkühlverfahren
CN103851880A (zh) * 2012-11-30 2014-06-11 北新集团建材股份有限公司 一种微波干燥方法
AU2016314784A1 (en) * 2015-09-03 2018-04-26 Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation Microwave heating apparatus and method of heating
EP3784004B1 (de) 2019-08-19 2023-06-07 Meam Cor Bv Mikrowellenapplikatorsteuerung

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB943500A (en) * 1961-01-30 1963-12-04 Nat Res Dev Improvements in dielectric heating apparatus
FR2147456A5 (de) * 1971-07-28 1973-03-09 Materiel Telephonique
DE4232069A1 (de) * 1992-09-24 1994-03-31 Reinhard Schulze Einrichtung zur Mikrowellenbeaufschlagung, insbesondere zum Trocknen, von Materialien
SE505678C2 (sv) * 1995-04-26 1997-09-29 Cirrus Ab Uppvärmnings- och torkningsanordning
SE517608C2 (sv) * 1999-03-22 2002-06-25 Leif Goesta Zettergren Förfarande för värmebehandling

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9726429B1 (en) 2016-01-31 2017-08-08 EPCON Industrial Systems, LP Wood processing oven and method
US10487283B1 (en) 2018-03-20 2019-11-26 EPCON Industrial Systems, LP Regenerative thermal oxidizer with secondary and tertiary heat recovery

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK1570710T3 (da) 2006-08-21
DE60305346T2 (de) 2007-04-19
WO2004054324A1 (en) 2004-06-24
DE60305346D1 (de) 2006-06-22
AU2003289765A1 (en) 2004-06-30
BE1015246A6 (nl) 2004-12-07
EP1570710A1 (de) 2005-09-07
AU2003289765A8 (en) 2004-06-30
SI1570710T1 (sl) 2006-10-31
ES2264777T3 (es) 2007-01-16
ATE326825T1 (de) 2006-06-15
PT1570710E (pt) 2006-09-29

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