EP1568845B1 - Opening and closing device for an opening element having a couple limiting function - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a device for closing and opening an opening, such as in particular a shutter, blind or the like, comprising actuating means, transmission means and mechanical end-of-travel means.

We know in particular of the document FR-2729771 such closing and opening devices. It has a clutch device provided with a pin radially traversing a shaft integral with the drum coming into contact, pressed by a spring, at conformal impressions made at the bottom of a bore of a sleeve surrounding said shaft.

The limiting torque from which the pin will emerge from the impressions is determined by the elastic means and in particular the stiffness of the spring used and the geometry of the contact zone between the pin and the impression.

However, in this known device, the contact zone is generally semi-cylindrical and identical in both directions of rotation. This does not allow in particular to easily define the limit torque by playing on said contact geometry. In addition, such a geometry does not allow to obtain a different limit torque according to the two directions of rotation.

We still know the document FR2463846 a folding blind comprising maneuvering means, in this case a crank rod, a movable member, in this case the hollow support of the deck, and an intermediate winch linking the rotation of the crank and that of the hollow support. A torque limiting device, marked 17, is interposed between the deck support and its drive shaft.

This torque limiting device comprises two gear elements, pressed against each other by a spring, which deviate from one another when the torque becomes too large. The inclinations of the teeth of the two elements are different so that the limit torque in a first drive direction differs from that in the other drive direction.

The object of the present invention is to provide a device for closing and opening an opening, comprising transmission means, operating means and end-of-stroke means. torque limiting function in both directions of rotation, which overcomes the aforementioned drawbacks, and in particular allows to have a contact zone whose geometry allows, in the design, to define the limit pairs easily and standardized in said two directions of rotation.

Another object of the invention is to provide a device for adjusting jointly and easily, during the installation of said opening and / or closing device, or the limit couples in both directions of rotation.

Another object of the invention is to provide a closing and opening device provided with a brake system which retains the roller shutter even when the clutch device decouples the means of maneuvering the transmission means or during a failure of said clutch device.

Other goals and advantages will become apparent from the following description which is given for information only and which is not intended to limit it.

• un premier élément d'entraînement, assujetti aux moyens de manoeuvre, présentant une denture radiale à double pente, une première pente pour engrener dans un premier sens de rotation, une deuxième pente pour engrener dans un deuxième sens de rotation,
• un deuxième élément entraîné, assujetti aux moyens de transmission, présentant une denture radiale à double pente coïncidant à la denture radiale dudit premier élément d'entraînement,
• des moyens élastiques pour presser le premier élément et le deuxième élément l'un contre l'autre au niveau de leur denture,
  de telle façon que lorsque le couple transmis par le premier élément d'entraînement audit deuxième élément entraîné devient supérieur à une valeur prédéterminée au moins un des deux éléments s'écarte pour que ledit premier élément d'entraînement n'engrène plus ledit deuxième élément entraîné et en ce que l'angle constitué entre la ligne d'action induite par le couple suivant ledit premier sens de rotation et ladite première pente est inférieur à l'angle constitué entre la ligne d'action induite par le couple suivant ledit deuxième sens de rotation et ladite deuxième pente, de telle façon que le couple limite C₁ nécessaire pour que ledit premier élément d'entraînement n'engrène plus ledit deuxième élément entraîné dans ledit premier sens de rotation est inférieur au couple limite C2 nécessaire pour que ledit premier élément d'entraînement n'engrène plus ledit deuxième élément entraîné dans ledit deuxième sens de rotation.

The invention relates to a device for closing and opening an opening, in particular a shutter, blind or the like, comprising a movable member such as a shutter drum, operating means such as in particular a crank, transmission means such as in particular a winch, and mechanical end-of-travel means, with torque limiter function, in both directions of rotation. The mechanical end-of-travel means consist of a dog clutch device presenting at least:

• a first driving element, subject to the operating means, having a double slope radial toothing, a first slope for meshing in a first direction of rotation, a second slope for meshing in a second direction of rotation,
• a second driven element, secured to the transmission means, having a double slope radial toothing coinciding with the radial toothing of said first driving element;
• elastic means for pressing the first element and the second element against each other at their teeth,
  such that when the torque transmitted by the first driving member to said second driven member becomes greater than a predetermined value, at least one of the two members moves apart so that said first driving member no longer meshes said second driven member. and in that the angle formed between the line of action induced by the torque along said first direction of rotation and said first slope is less than the angle formed between the line of action induced by the torque following said second direction of rotation and said second slope, so that the limiting torque C ₁ necessary for said first drive element to no longer mesh with said second driven element in said first direction of rotation is less than the limiting torque C2 necessary for said first element The drive unit no longer engages said second driven member in said second direction of rotation.

• les moyens de transmission sont constitués par un couple roue dentée / vis sans fin disposé dans un carter,
• ledit premier élément d'entraînement est assujetti aux moyens de manoeuvre et ledit deuxième élément est assujetti aux moyens de transmission,
• ledit deuxième élément entraîné étant constitué par la vis sans fin avec la présence d'une denture radiale à l'une de ses extrémités, ledit premier élément d'entraînement se présente sous la forme d'un cliquet situé sur le même axe de rotation de la vis sans fin.

According to the invention:

• the transmission means consist of a gear / worm gear pair disposed in a housing,
• said first drive member is secured to the operating means and said second member is secured to the transmission means,
• said second driven member being constituted by the worm with the presence of a radial toothing at one of its ends, said first driving element is in the form of a pawl located on the same axis of rotation of the worm.

• la figure 1 est une vue de coupe du dispositif à crabot conforme à l'invention selon le cadre I-I tel qu'illustré à la figure 6,
• la figure 2 est une vue schématique des efforts mis en jeu au niveau de la denture du dispositif à crabot conforme à l'invention à l'équilibre et pour un couple limite C₁ suivant un premier sens de rotation,
• la figure 3 est une vue schématique des efforts mis en jeu au niveau de la denture du dispositif à crabot conforme à l'invention, à l'équilibre et pour un couple limite C₂ suivant un second sens de rotation,

• la figure 4 est une vue en perspective du dispositif de fermeture et d'ouverture d'un ouvrant conforme à l'invention suivant un premier mode de réalisation,
• la figure 5 est une vue de profil du dispositif de fermeture et d'ouverture d'un ouvrant conforme à l'invention tel qu'illustré à la figure 4,
• la figure 6 est une vue selon la coupe VI-VI telle qu'illustrée à la figure 5,
• la figure 7 est une vue en perspective éclatée du dispositif selon un second mode de réalisation de l'invention,
• la figure 8 est une vue de face partielle du dispositif selon un second mode de réalisation,
• la figure 9 est une vue de profil de l'invention telle qu'illustrée à la figure 8,
• la figure 10 est une vue selon la coupe X-X telle qu'illustrée à la figure 9,
• la figure 11 est une vue selon la coupe X-X telle qu'illustrée à la figure 9 le crabot débrayé, et une vue selon le cache XI-XI,
• la figure 12 est une vue de coupe du dispositif à crabot selon un troisième mode de réalisation qui n'est pas couvert par les revendications.

The invention will be better understood on reading the following description which forms an integral part thereof and among which:

• the figure 1 is a sectional view of the clutch device according to the invention according to the frame II as illustrated in FIG. figure 6 ,
• the figure 2 is a schematic view of the forces involved at the level of the toothing of the clutch device according to the invention at equilibrium and for a limit torque C ₁ according to a first direction of rotation,
• the figure 3 is a schematic view of the forces involved at the level of the toothing of the clutch device according to the invention, at equilibrium and for a limit torque C ₂ according to a second direction of rotation,

• the figure 4 is a perspective view of the closing device and opening of an opening according to the invention according to a first embodiment,
• the figure 5 is a profile view of the closing and opening device of an opening leaf according to the invention as illustrated in FIG. figure 4 ,
• the figure 6 is a view according to section VI-VI as illustrated in figure 5 ,
• the figure 7 is an exploded perspective view of the device according to a second embodiment of the invention,
• the figure 8 is a partial front view of the device according to a second embodiment,
• the figure 9 is a side view of the invention as illustrated in FIG. figure 8 ,
• the figure 10 is a view according to section XX as illustrated in figure 9 ,
• the figure 11 is a view according to section XX as illustrated in figure 9 the clutch disengaged, and a view according to the cache XI-XI,
• the figure 12 is a sectional view of the clutch device according to a third embodiment which is not covered by the claims.

The invention relates to a device for closing and opening 15 an opening, in particular a shutter (not shown), blind or the like, comprising a movable member such as in particular a drum (not shown), maneuvering means such as that including a crank (not shown), transmission means 16, 17, such as including a winch, and mechanical end-of-travel means 2, 3, torque limiting function in both directions of rotation.

The invention will find a particular application for shutter aprons rigidly attached to the drum by means of a lock. A lock allows the jamming of the apron at the end of the low stroke and prevents any fraudulent lifting of said roller shutter. Generally, the roller shutter aprons additionally have stop-action projections which come into contact at the end of the high run with the crossbar, the trunk or the lintel.

In the case of a high and / or low stop, too much stress on the actuating means such as the crank may cause the destruction of the deck or the transmission mechanism. The end-of-stroke means according to the invention make it possible to protect the closing device and the opening, and in particular the rolling shutter apron and its transmission means in the case of a high abutment and in the case of an abutment. low.

• un premier élément 2 d'entraînement, assujetti aux moyens de manoeuvre, présentant une denture radiale à double pente, une première pente 4 pour engrener dans un premier sens de rotation, une deuxième pente pour engrener dans un deuxième sens de rotation,
• un deuxième élément 3 entraîné, assujetti aux moyens de transmission, présentant une denture radiale à double pente coïncidant à la denture radiale dudit premier élément 2 d'entraînement,
• des moyens élastiques 6 pour presser le premier élément 2 et le deuxième élément 3 l'un contre au niveau de leur denture,

coopérant de telle façon que lorsque le couple transmis par le premier élément 2 d'entraînement audit deuxième élément 3 entraîné devient supérieur à une valeur prédéterminée, au moins un des deux éléments s'écarte pour que ledit premier élément 2 d'entraînement n'engrène plus ledit deuxième élément 3 entraîné.According to the device according to the invention, the mechanical end-of-travel means are constituted by a clutch device 1 having at least:

• a first driving element 2, secured to the operating means, having a double slope radial toothing, a first slope 4 for meshing in a first direction of rotation, a second slope for meshing in a second direction of rotation,
• a second driven element 3, secured to the transmission means, having a double slope radial toothing coinciding with the radial toothing of said first drive element 2,
• elastic means 6 for pressing the first element 2 and the second element 3 against each other at their teeth,

cooperating in such a way that when the torque transmitted by the first driving element 2 to said driven second element 3 becomes greater than a predetermined value, at least one of the two elements moves apart so that said first drive element 2 engages plus said second element 3 driven.

Thus, the end-of-travel means constituted by a clutch device are arranged between the actuating means and the transmission means. They thus make it possible to protect the entire kinematic and mechanical chain; and according to the embodiment, crank, rod, hinge, tip, axis of the flap, fastener and blades will be protected. The transmission means such as in particular gear and worm can then be made of plastic.

According to one variant, the first driving element may take the form of a plate 2 having a double slope radial toothing pressed by resilient means 6 against a second driven element in the form of a plate 3 provided with a toothing radial with double slope.

According to another variant, for example, the first driving element may take the form of a tubular element in which is inserted coaxially a flexible tubular element of smaller diameter constituting the second driven element, as disclosed in document CH-666.560 . In this embodiment, the first tubular element may have a radial internal toothing in double-slope crown adapted to mesh with an external radial toothing of the second tubular driven element. The second tubular driven element may then have internal elastic means, as illustrated in document CH-666.560 and in particular at least one longitudinal groove, allowing deformation of the external radial toothing of said second tubular element and allowing said external radial toothing. to deviate when the transmitted torque becomes too important.

A radial toothing provided with a first and a second slope for meshing in the two directions of rotation allows during the design a better determination of the limit couples. Indeed, the limit torque depends on several parameters and more particularly on the angle of each slope, the average radius of the toothing, the force induced by the elastic means and the coefficients of friction of the materials used in the teeth. . The importance of these parameters on the limit torque will become clearer when describing the Figures 2 and 3 .

During the design, correspondence tables may allow, depending on the slopes used, the average radius of the toothing, the materials used and the elastic force to determine a limit torque.

According to the invention, the device is able to present in limiting torque C ₁ in a first direction of rotation, distinct from a limiting torque C ₂ in a second direction of rotation.

According to the device according to the invention, the angle 7 formed between the action line 8 induced by the torque along said first direction of rotation and said first slope 4 is less than the angle 13 formed between the line of action 12 induced by the torque along said second direction of rotation and said second slope 5, so that the limiting torque C ₁ necessary for said first drive element 2 to no longer mesh with said second element 3 entrained in said first direction of rotation is less than the limit torque C ₂ required for said first drive element 2 no longer causes said second element 3 driven in said second direction of rotation.

By action line 8, 12 is meant torque-induced, the line at the level of the toothing contained in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of said clutch device 1 and perpendicular to a radius of the circle following the radial toothing.

As illustrated in figure 2 or 3 such a line of action would be parallel to vector 8 or vector 9 illustrating the component of the forces induced by the torque.

The figure 2 illustrates the forces involved at the level of the teeth of the clutch device 1 according to the invention, in equilibrium, and for a limit torque C ₁ according to a first direction of rotation. In order to simplify the reasoning, we will not take into account the forces due to the friction between the materials.

As illustrated in figure 1 the first driving element 2 meshes with the second driven element 3 in a first direction of rotation in the same direction as the vector 8.

At equilibrium and for a limiting torque C ₁ , only the slope 4 is subject to transmission forces. As illustrated in figure 2 the force F ₂₃ 14 represents the resultant of the forces of the first driving element 2 on the second driven element 3.

The force F ₂₃ can decompose as the sum of the force F _e 9 induced by the elastic means and the force F _C1 8 due to the limiting torque C ₁ induced by the operating means and the opposing resistance of the means of transmission. The force F _R 10 then represents the resultant of the forces opposed to the force F ₂₃ . At equilibrium, for a limit torque, the force F ₂₃ 14 is perpendicular to the first slope 4. It can be deduced by simply projecting forces F _e 9 and FC ₁ 8 on an axis parallel to said first slope 4 that: F _C1 cosθ ₁ = F _e Sin θ ₁ , the angle θ ₁ representing the angle 7 formed between the action line 8 and the first slope 4 or the angle formed between the force FC ₁ 8 and the first slope 4.

Considering that the toothing is at an average distance of radius R ₁ from the axis of rotation, the approximation is reached that the limit torque C ₁ can be expressed as follows: $${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="VS"\; filenames="imgf0001.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">VS</figure-callout>}}_{\mathrm{1}}={\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="R"\; filenames="imgf0001.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">R</figure-callout>}}_{\mathrm{1}}\times \frac{\mathit{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="Sin\; \theta "\; filenames="imgf0001.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Sin\; </figure-callout>}{\theta }_{}{}_1}{\cos {\theta }_1}{\mathrm{F}}_{\mathrm{e}}$$

It is then understood that the limit torque depends on the angle θ ₁ and the average radius R ₁ of the toothing as well as the forces F _e induced by the elastic means.

In the case of a zero slope (θ ₁ = 0 °), the limit torque C ₁ is zero and in the case of a right angle slope (θ ₁ + 90 °), this torque is theoretically infinite.

In theory, the forces due to the friction between the materials should also be taken into account, and the limit pairs would then be slightly higher.

In the same way, figure 3 illustrates the forces involved at the level of the toothing of the clutch device according to the invention at equilibrium and for a limit torque C ₂ in a second direction of rotation. In this case, only the slope 5 is subject to the transmission forces. We find the force F ₂₃ 24 which can be decomposed as the sum of the force F _C2 12 due to the limit torque C ₂ and the force F _e 9 due to the elastic means. One finds likewise the force F _R 26 opposed to the force F ₂₃ 24.

The scheme of the figure 3 is made on the same scale as the diagram of the figure 2 and for a force F _e 9 identical, that is to say, the same force induced by the elastic means. By simple construction, it can be seen that the force F _C2 12 is greater than the force F _C1 8. This characteristic is confirmed by the limit torque formula which is a function increasing in θ over the useful interval. Thus, by choosing an angle θ ₂ 13 greater than the angle θ ₁ 7, a higher limit torque C ₂ is obtained in a second direction of rotation at the limit torque C ₁ in a first direction of rotation.

According to one embodiment, the first direction of rotation is the direction of downward actuation of the closing and opening device and in particular of said shutter, said second direction of rotation being the direction of actuation uphill. Indeed, in order to take into account the own weight of the closing and opening device, the limiting torque C ₂ of rise must be greater than the limiting torque C ₁ of descent.

According to one embodiment, the elastic means consist of Belleville washers 6 connected in series. Advantageously, the addition or withdrawal of a said washer makes it possible to increase or decrease the forces of the elastic means and makes it possible to jointly adjust the limit torque C ₁ and the limit torque C ₂ .

According to another embodiment, the elastic means consist of a spring 6 '.

According to the invention, the transmission means of the closing and opening device are constituted by a pair of toothed wheels 16 and endless screws 17 arranged in a housing 25.

Said toothed wheel 16 is secured in particular to the roller shutter drum, meshing with the worm 17. The worm 17 is actuated by the operating means by means of the clutch device.

According to the invention, said second driven element 3 is constituted by the worm 17 with the presence of a radial toothing at one of its ends, said first drive element being in the form of a ratchet 2 located on the same axis of rotation of the worm 17. This pawl is free to move in a housing relative to the screw and deviates in the case of excessive torque.

According to one embodiment, the pawl 2 is pressed elastically against the worm 17 by means of Belleville washers mounted in series, one against the other, in a housing of the common housing to that of the pawl, the addition or removal of a said Belleville washer to jointly adjust the limit torque or pairs in both directions of rotation.

Belleville washers also make it possible not to damage the casing on which they rest, the latter being able to slide on one another in rotation.

According to one embodiment ( figure 6 ), said pawl 2 and the worm 17 are traversed by a same polygonal shaft, or splined (not shown), said pawl 2 having an opening of complementary polygonal section 19, or splined to said polygonal shaft, or fluted, in such a way said pawl 2 is free in translation but locked in rotation relative to said polygonal shaft, said shaft constituting an axis of rotation for the worm 17.

According to another advantageous embodiment, illustrated in Figures 7 to 11 , the pawl is made using two parts, a sleeve 2 'and a ring 2 "having a radial toothing.

The sleeve 2 'is traversed by a polygonal or fluted control shaft and has for this purpose a polygonal section hole 19 or corrugated conformal such that said sleeve 2' is rotated by said polygonal shaft or fluted.

The sleeve 2 'further has on its outer circumference longitudinal grooves 30 cooperating with conformal grooves on the inner circumference of said ring 2 "so as to cause said ring to rotate. In this embodiment, said sleeve 2' is preferably fixed in translation, against said crown 2 "is able to move along the longitudinal grooves of said sleeve 2 '. Said sleeve 2 'has a shoulder 31 on which the elastic means 6' bear to press said ring 2 "against the radial toothing of said worm 17. This advantageous embodiment avoids that the elastic means 6 ', generally made of metal, do not rub against a wall of the casing 25, generally made of plastic, and do not deteriorate the latter.

According to one embodiment, said device has braking means 20 cooperating with said worm screw 17. In order to prevent the descent, in particular from the rolling shutter or the like, from being driven by its own weight, it is useful to integrate in the closing and opening device means of braking. These means are particularly necessary in the case of a pair of toothed wheels 16 / worm 17 having a pitch between teeth and a large screw pitch and making the transmission system reversible when the weight of the rolling shutter deck is too high .

Advantageously, the braking means 20 act on the kinematic chain downstream of the interconnection means and more particularly at the level of the worm. This arrangement improves safety and allows in particular to retain the rolling shutter apron when the clutch device decouples the means of maneuvering the transmission means.

Thus, according to one embodiment, the braking means are constituted by resilient means 20 secured to said housing 25 and cooperating by friction at an extension 21 of said worm 17. They may in particular be in the form of a spring of conventional form 20 secured to the casing 25 by two lugs and clamped on an extension 21 of said worm 17.

According to one variant, the winch casing has symmetrical fastenings along the axis of rotation of said toothed wheel 16. This characteristic makes it possible to use the casing for attachment to the right or to the left of any trunk of shutter or with a winding the apron to the outside or inside the house.

Of course, other embodiments of the invention within the reach of ordinary skill in the art could have been envisaged without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the claims.

Claims (7)

1. Device for the opening and closing (15) of an opening element, comprising a mobile member, means for manoeuvring, means of transmission, and means of mechanical end of travel, with a torque limiting function, in both directions of rotation, with the means of mechanical end of travel being constituted by a clutch device (1), that has at least:

   - one first driving element (2) that has a radial serration with a double slope, a first slope (4) for meshing in a first direction of rotation, a second slope (5) for meshing in a second direction of rotation,

   - one second element (3), driven, that has a radial serration with a double slope coinciding with the radial serration of said first driving element (2),

   - elastic means for pressing the first element (2) and the second element (3) against one another on their serration,

   cooperating in such a way that when the torque transmitted by the first driving element (2) to said second driven element (3) becomes greater than a predetermined value at least one of the two elements moves away so that said first driving element (2) no longer meshes with said second driven element (3), and wherein the angle (7) constituted between the line of action (8) induced by the torque in said first direction of rotation and said first slope (4) is less than the angle (13) constituted between the line of action (12) induced by the torque in said second direction of rotation and said second slope (5), in such a way that the limit torque C₁ required so that said first driving element (2) no longer meshes with said second element (3) driven in said first direction of rotation is less than the limit torque C₂ required so that said first driving element (2) no longer meshes with said second element (3) driven in said second direction of rotation characterised in that the means of transmission are comprised by a toothed wheel (16) / endless screw (17) pair arranged in a casing (25) and in that said first driving element (2) is subjected to the means for manoeuvring and said second element (3) is subjected to the means of transmission, and in that said second driven element (3) is constituted by the endless screw (17) with the presence of a radial serration at one (18) of its ends, with said first driving element having the form of a ratchet (2) located on the same axis of rotation of the endless screw (17).
2. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that said first direction of rotation is the direction of actuation downwards of the device for closing and opening said second direction of rotation being the direction of actuation upwards.
3. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that the elastic means are constituted of Belleville washers (6) mounted in series.
4. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that said ratchet (2) and the endless screw (17) are passed through by the same polygonal shaft, said ratchet (2) having an opening with a polygonal section (19) that is complementary to said polygonal shaft, in such a way that said ratchet (2) is free in translation but blocked in rotation with respect to said polygonal shaft, said shaft constituting an axis of rotation for the endless screw (17).
5. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that said device has means of braking (20) cooperating with said endless screw (17).
6. Device according to claim 5, characterised in that the means of braking are constituted of elastic means (20) subjected to said casing and cooperating via friction on an extension (21) of said endless screw (17).
7. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that said ratchet (2) is comprised of a crown (2") subjected in rotation but free in translation with respect to a sleeve (2') driven in rotation by the means for manoeuvring, said crown (2") being pressed against the radial serration of the screw by the bias of elastic means (6) bearing against said sleeve (2').

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