EP1568455B1 - Process and apparatus for producing concrete paving stones and paving stone - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for producing concrete paving stones and paving stone Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1568455B1
EP1568455B1 EP05001519A EP05001519A EP1568455B1 EP 1568455 B1 EP1568455 B1 EP 1568455B1 EP 05001519 A EP05001519 A EP 05001519A EP 05001519 A EP05001519 A EP 05001519A EP 1568455 B1 EP1568455 B1 EP 1568455B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
paving slab
paving
projection
ram
concrete
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP05001519A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1568455A3 (en
EP1568455A2 (en
Inventor
Steffen Mothes
Hubert Hahner
Bernhard Klöppner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Franz Carl Nuedling Basaltwerke GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Franz Carl Nuedling Basaltwerke GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP1568455A2 publication Critical patent/EP1568455A2/en
Publication of EP1568455A3 publication Critical patent/EP1568455A3/en
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Publication of EP1568455B1 publication Critical patent/EP1568455B1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B28B3/021—Ram heads of special form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B28B3/04—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form with one ram per mould
    • B28B3/06—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form with one ram per mould with two or more ram and mould sets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/0064—Moulds characterised by special surfaces for producing a desired surface of a moulded article, e.g. profiled or polished moulding surfaces
    • B28B7/007—Moulds characterised by special surfaces for producing a desired surface of a moulded article, e.g. profiled or polished moulding surfaces with moulding surfaces simulating natural effets, e.g. wood or stone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/0064—Moulds characterised by special surfaces for producing a desired surface of a moulded article, e.g. profiled or polished moulding surfaces
    • B28B7/0085—Moulds characterised by special surfaces for producing a desired surface of a moulded article, e.g. profiled or polished moulding surfaces with surfaces for moulding chamfers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C5/00—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
    • E01C5/06—Pavings made of prefabricated single units made of units with cement or like binders
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C2201/00—Paving elements
    • E01C2201/16—Elements joined together

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing concrete paving slabs, wherein concrete is filled in at least one mold cavity laterally limited by mold walls of a concrete mold, wherein the mold cavity has an upper-side opening for filling the mold cavity with concrete and wherein the concrete in the region of an upper side of the produced Paving plate is compacted by a die plate, which is arranged on a die in the mold cavity movable up and down and the punch has means for forming a chamfer in the region of the transition from a visible surface of the pavement to be produced to upright side surfaces of the pavement to be produced, according to the preamble of Claim 1.
  • the invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 2 for carrying out the method according to claim 1.
  • the invention relates to a method according to the invention in the inventive device h Paving slab produced according to the preamble of claim 8.
  • the invention has for its object to further develop known methods and devices or paving slabs of the type mentioned.
  • the inventive method has the features of claim 1. It is therefore provided that the punch has a projection for forming the chamfer on the paving slab, wherein the projection is pressed together with the stamp plate against the Obersite of the pavement to be produced and has such dimensions that the chamfer a height of 20% to 40% the side surface of the plasterboard to be produced, but at least a height of about 10mm, preferably about 15mm.
  • the bevel thus has very large dimensions, so that produced from the corresponding paving slabs coverings or soil covers have a correspondingly large joint width between adjacent paving slabs.
  • a device according to the invention for carrying out the method according to claim 1 has the features of claim 2. It is therefore provided that the punch has a projection for forming the chamfer, wherein the projection has such dimensions that the chamfer formed by the projection has a height of 20% to 40% of the side surface of the paving slab, but at least a height of about 10mm, preferably about 15mm.
  • paving slabs can be produced, which can be laid to a soil cover, the visual appearance of a soil cover of natural stones is relatively close.
  • the production costs of the soil cover from the paving slabs according to the invention are significantly lower by the production on a device according to the invention compared to soil covers made of natural stones.
  • inclined surfaces in the region of the punch or corresponding oblique surfaces of the chamfer are formed on the paving slab with an irregular contour or line shape.
  • the upper side or visible side of the plasterboard can be provided with a likewise irregularly structured surface by the stamp.
  • the projection is arranged circumferentially on the underside of the punch.
  • the chamfer extends circumferentially in the area of the top or visible side of the paving slab.
  • the mold walls may have recesses to form spacers on upright side surfaces of the paving slab.
  • a paving slab according to the invention has the features of claim 8.
  • the device shown is a so-called board machine for the manufacture of paving slabs.
  • the board machine has a concrete form 10, in which at least one mold cavity 11 is formed.
  • the mold cavity 11 is bounded laterally by upright mold walls 12 of the concrete mold 10.
  • the concrete mold 10 may have one or more mold cavities 11. If the concrete form 10 has a plurality of mold cavities 11, these are usually arranged in longitudinal and transverse rows, wherein adjacent mold cavities 11 are separated from each other by mold walls 12.
  • the concrete form 10 rests on a base, namely a so-called underlay board 13 which closes the or each mold cavity 11 on the underside.
  • the or each mold cavity 11 On the top side, the or each mold cavity 11 has an opening through which concrete can be filled into the mold. If the concrete form 10 has several mold cavities 11, all mold cavities 11 are preferably filled with concrete in one working cycle.
  • a punch 14 is provided for compacting the filled in the or each mold cavity 11 concrete.
  • the punch 14 is movable in and out of the mold, in the present embodiment so moved up and down.
  • the punch 14 is pressed against the surface of the concrete.
  • the punch 14 has a stamp plate 15 whose dimensions substantially correspond to the dimensions of the plasterboard.
  • Fig. 1 shows the filled with concrete mold cavity 11, wherein the filled concrete is compacted by the die plate 15 of the punch 14.
  • the stamp plate 15 is located in a lower, lowered position.
  • the following is according to Fig. 2 lifted the concrete form 10 upwards from the molding. In this case, the stamp plate 15 continues to press against the top of the molding, so that it remains lying on the backing board 12 and is not raised with the concrete mold 10.
  • the following is according to Fig. 3 also the punch 14 is raised with the stamp plate 15, so that the molding or the plasterboard 16 is free on the base board 13. The backing board can then be transported with the molding lying on it for drying.
  • the filled concrete can also be subjected to a compaction process.
  • a vibrating table can be located beneath the base board 13, which vibrates the concrete form 10.
  • the mold walls 12 are used, as shown in the figures, to form upright side surfaces 17 of the plasterboard 16 to be produced.
  • a lower side 18 of the plasterboard 16 to be produced is formed by the underlay board 13.
  • An upper side 19 or visible side of the plaster board 16 to be produced is essentially formed by the stamp plate 15.
  • a chamfer 20 is formed, which is impressed into the concrete by a projection 21 formed on the underside of the stamp plate 15 ( Fig. 4 ).
  • the projection 21 is arranged on the edge of the stamp plate 15.
  • the projection 21 extends circumferentially along the edges of the stamp plate 15 to form a circumferentially arranged on the plasterboard 16 chamfer 20.
  • the projection 21 may be associated with only a portion of the edges of the die plate 15, for example at opposite or adjacent edges. It may also be that the projection 21 is provided only at one edge or at all edges except one edge.
  • the above-described arrangements of the projection 21 can also be combined with the fact that the projection 21 is provided only partially along an edge.
  • a special feature of the projection 21 is in terms of its dimensions.
  • the projection 21 is formed such that the chamfer 20 extends from the top 19 very deep in the direction of the bottom 18 along the side surfaces 17. It is envisaged that a height 22 of the chamfer 20 in about 20% to 40%, in particular about 30%, the height 23 of the side surface 17, and the thickness of the plasterboard 16, is.
  • the chamfer 20 preferably has a height 22 of 10 mm to 15 mm.
  • the side surface of the protrusion 21 facing the plaster plate 16, a so-called oblique surface 24, has an irregular contour or a shape which faces the molding or pavement plate 16 Having lines, such that the embossed by the projection 21 areas of the paving slab 16 are formed in the manner of a natural stone.
  • the areas for the attachment to the upper side 19 or visible side of the paving slab 16 are Bottom of the stamp plate 15 is formed such that the paving slab has an irregularly textured surface in this area.
  • corresponding protrusions or depressions are formed in the or each projection 21 and the stamp plate 15, which represent a negative shape of the surface structure.
  • the paving slabs 16 are thus formed in a laid state similar to natural stone slabs.
  • the areas of the side surfaces 17 of the paving slab 16 that are essentially invisible in the laid-down state can be substantially smooth, so that no special measures in the above sense are to be taken in the area of the mold walls 12.
  • the paving slabs 16 in the region of the side surfaces 17 integrally formed spacers 25.
  • the spacers 25 are arranged at least on two opposite side surfaces 17, but preferably on all side surfaces 17.
  • the spacers 25 are web-like and extend from the bottom 18 of the plaster board 16 to the region of the chamfer 20.
  • the mold walls 12 corresponding recesses for forming the spacers 25, so that the spacers 25 are integrally formed on the plasterboard 16.
  • the paving slabs 16 may be laid to a soil cover 26. Within the soil cover 26 adjacent paving slabs 16 are spaced apart, to form preferably regular transverse and longitudinal joints. Depending on the arrangement of the spacers 25, the paving slabs 16 may be laid so that spacers 25 adjacent paving slabs 16 abut each other or offset from each other so that they each receive contact on a side surface 17 of the adjacent paving slab 16. In this way, different joint widths arise. After laying the paving slabs, the joints are filled by a suitable joint filling material, so that the spacers 25 are preferably no longer visible.
  • the paving slabs 16 are preferably rectangular or square in plan. Preferred ground plan dimensions of the paving slab 16 are 600 mm x 600 mm, 600 mm x 450 mm, 600 mm x 300 mm, 450 mm x 450 mm or 300 mm x 300 mm. It is understood that the plasterboard 16 may also have irregular planforms.
  • the thickness of the plasterboard 16 is preferably between 30 mm and 80 mm in height, in particular 30 mm, 40 mm, 50 mm, 55 mm, 60 mm or 80 mm in height.
  • the height 22 of the chamfer 20 is preferably 10 mm or 15 mm, corresponding to a height 22 of 30% of the height 23 of the paving slab 16 at 30 mm or 50 mm.
  • Suitable paving beds are, for example, suitable chips, sands or mixtures thereof.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Road Paving Machines (AREA)
  • Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)

Abstract

An assembly casts liquid concrete into paving stones. The assembly has a shallow form filled with concrete that is then formed on top by presentation of a bevelled cap (14). The cap forms a bevelled edge on the paving stone upper outer edge that occupies between 20 and 40 per cent of the paving stone side area.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Pflasterplatten aus Beton, wobei Beton in wenigstens ein durch Formwände seitlich begrenztes Formnest einer Betonform eingefüllt wird, wobei das Formnest eine oberseitige Öffnung aufweist zur Befüllung des Formnests mit Beton und wobei der Beton im Bereich einer Oberseite der herzustellenden Pflasterplatte durch eine Stempelplatte verdichtet wird, die an einem im Formnest auf- und abbewegbaren Stempel angeordnet ist und wobei der Stempel Mittel zur Ausbildung einer Fase im Bereich des Übergangs von einer Sichtfläche der herzustellenden Pflasterplatte zu aufrechten Seitenflächen der herzustellenden Pflasterplatte aufweist, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. Weiterhin betrifft die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruch 2 zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1. Weiterhin betrifft die Erfindung eine nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren in der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung hergestellte Pflasterplatte, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 8.The invention relates to a method for producing concrete paving slabs, wherein concrete is filled in at least one mold cavity laterally limited by mold walls of a concrete mold, wherein the mold cavity has an upper-side opening for filling the mold cavity with concrete and wherein the concrete in the region of an upper side of the produced Paving plate is compacted by a die plate, which is arranged on a die in the mold cavity movable up and down and the punch has means for forming a chamfer in the region of the transition from a visible surface of the pavement to be produced to upright side surfaces of the pavement to be produced, according to the preamble of Claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 2 for carrying out the method according to claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method according to the invention in the inventive device h Paving slab produced according to the preamble of claim 8.

Verfahren und Vorrichtungen der eingangs genannten Art sind aus der Praxis bekannt. Bei der Herstellung der Pflasterplatten wird so vorgegangen, dass zunächst Beton in das Formnest eingefüllt wird. Danach wird der Stempel in das Formnest herabgesenkt und gegen die Oberseite des Betons gedrückt zur Verdichtung des Betons. Dabei kann gleichzeitig auch eine dem Stempel zugekehrte Seitenfläche, in der Regel eine Oberseite oder eine Unterseite der Betonplatte, geformt bzw. geprägt werden. Bekannt sind zu diesem Zweck beispielsweise nach unten von der Stempelplatte abstehende "Vorsprünge", mit denen eine Fase im Übergang von der Oberseite bzw. Unterseite der Pflasterplatte zu den Seitenflächen der Pflasterplatte ausgebildet wird. Danach werden die Formwände nach oben von der Pflasterplatte abgezogen, sodass diese auf einer Unterlage ruht und zum Trocknen abtransportiert werden kann.Methods and devices of the type mentioned are known in practice. In the manufacture of the paving slabs, the procedure is such that first of all concrete is poured into the mold cavity. Thereafter, the punch is lowered into the mold cavity and pressed against the top of the concrete to compact the concrete. At the same time, a side face facing the stamp, as a rule an upper side or a lower side of the concrete slab, can also be shaped or embossed. Are known for this purpose, for example, down from the die plate protruding "projections" with which a chamfer is formed in the transition from the top or bottom of the paving slab to the side surfaces of the paving slab. Thereafter, the mold walls are pulled up from the pavement, so that it rests on a base and can be removed for drying.

Als Druckschriftlicher Stand der Technik ist in diesem Zusammenhang zum einen die EP 0 319 972 A2 zu nennen. Dort ist vorgesehen, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1, dass Betonsteine in mit Beton gefüllten Formen hergestellt und mittels Stempeln an ihrer Oberfläche geprägt werden, wobei die Stempel Ausnehmungen bzw. Vorsprünge mit Hinterschneidungen aufweisen und damit die Oberfläche der Betonsteine aufreißen bzw. aufrauen. In einem nachgeschalteten zweiten Arbeitsgang wird die Oberfläche bzw. die Kanten der Betonsteine von losen Teilen befreit und/oder zusätzlich aufgeraut bzw. beschädigt. Dies kann mittels rotierender Bürsten, Pressluft, Wasser oder anderem geeigneten Strahlmaterial erfolgen.As Druckschriftlicher prior art in this context, on the one hand EP 0 319 972 A2 to call. There is provided, according to the preamble of claim 1, that concrete blocks are produced in molds filled with concrete and embossed on their surface by stamping, wherein the punch recesses or projections with undercuts and thus tear the surface of the concrete blocks or roughen. In a subsequent second operation, the surface or the edges of the concrete blocks is freed from loose parts and / or additionally roughened or damaged. This can be done by means of rotating brushes, compressed air, water or other suitable blasting material.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, bekannte Verfahren und Vorrichtungen bzw. Pflasterplatten der eingangs genannten Art weiterzuentwickeln.The invention has for its object to further develop known methods and devices or paving slabs of the type mentioned.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe weist das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 auf. Es ist demnach vorgesehen, dass der Stempel einen Vorsprung aufweist zur Formung der Fase an der Pflasterplatte, wobei der Vorsprung zusammen mit der Stempelplatte gegen die Obersite der herzustellenden Pflasterplatte gedrückt wird und derartige Abmessungen aufweist, dass die Fase eine Höhe von 20% bis 40% der Seitenfläche der herzustellenden Pflasterplatte aufweist, mindestens aber eine Höhe von etwa 10mm, vorzugsweise etwa 15mm. Die Fase weist damit sehr große Abmessungen auf, sodass aus den entsprechenden Pflasterplatten hergestellte Beläge bzw. Erdreichabdeckungen eine entsprechend große Fugenbreite zwischen benachbarten Pflasterplatten aufweisen.To solve this problem, the inventive method has the features of claim 1. It is therefore provided that the punch has a projection for forming the chamfer on the paving slab, wherein the projection is pressed together with the stamp plate against the Obersite of the pavement to be produced and has such dimensions that the chamfer a height of 20% to 40% the side surface of the plasterboard to be produced, but at least a height of about 10mm, preferably about 15mm. The bevel thus has very large dimensions, so that produced from the corresponding paving slabs coverings or soil covers have a correspondingly large joint width between adjacent paving slabs.

Eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1 weist die Merkmale des Anspruchs 2 auf. Es ist demnach vorgesehen, dass der Stempel einen Vorsprung zur Formung der Fase aufweist, wobei der Vorsprung derartige Abmessungen aufweist, dass die durch den Vorsprung ausgebildete Fase eine Höhe von 20% bis 40% der Seitenfläche der Pflasterplatte aufweist, mindestens aber eine Höhe von etwa 10mm, vorzugsweise etwa 15mm.A device according to the invention for carrying out the method according to claim 1 has the features of claim 2. It is therefore provided that the punch has a projection for forming the chamfer, wherein the projection has such dimensions that the chamfer formed by the projection has a height of 20% to 40% of the side surface of the paving slab, but at least a height of about 10mm, preferably about 15mm.

Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung sind Pflasterplatten herstellbar, die zu einer Erdreichabdeckung verlegt werden können, deren optische Anmutung einer Erdreichabdeckung aus Natursteinen relativ nahe kommt. Die Herstellkosten der Erdreichabdeckung aus den erfindungsgemäßen Pflasterplatten sind jedoch durch die Herstellung auf einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung im Vergleich zu Erdreichabdeckungen aus Natursteinen deutlich geringer.With the device according to the invention paving slabs can be produced, which can be laid to a soil cover, the visual appearance of a soil cover of natural stones is relatively close. However, the production costs of the soil cover from the paving slabs according to the invention are significantly lower by the production on a device according to the invention compared to soil covers made of natural stones.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass Schrägflächen im Bereich des Stempels bzw. entsprechende Schrägflächen der Fase an der Pflasterplatte mit einer unregelmäßigen Kontur bzw. Linienführung ausgebildet sind. Weiterhin kann vorzugsweise die Oberseite bzw. Sichtseite der Pflasterplatte durch den Stempel mit einer ebenfalls unregelmäßig strukturierten Oberfläche versehen werden. Diese Maßnahmen tragen dazu bei, die natursteinähnliche Gestaltung der Pflasterplatte zu verbessern.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that inclined surfaces in the region of the punch or corresponding oblique surfaces of the chamfer are formed on the paving slab with an irregular contour or line shape. Furthermore, preferably the upper side or visible side of the plasterboard can be provided with a likewise irregularly structured surface by the stamp. These measures help to improve the natural stone-like design of the paving slab.

Vorzugsweise ist vorgesehen, dass der Vorsprung umlaufend an der Unterseite des Stempels angeordnet ist. Auf diese Weise erstreckt sich auch die Fase umlaufend im Bereich der Oberseite bzw. Sichtseite der Pflasterplatte.It is preferably provided that the projection is arranged circumferentially on the underside of the punch. In this way, the chamfer extends circumferentially in the area of the top or visible side of the paving slab.

Zur Verbreiterung der Fugen zwischen benachbarten Pflasterplatten innerhalb einer verlegten Erdreichabdeckung können die Formwände Ausnehmungen aufweisen, zur Ausbildung von Abstandhaltern an aufrechten Seitenflächen der Pflasterplatte.To widen the joints between adjacent paving slabs within a laid soil cover the mold walls may have recesses to form spacers on upright side surfaces of the paving slab.

Eine erfindungsgemäße Pflasterplatte weist die Merkmale des Anspruchs 8 auf.A paving slab according to the invention has the features of claim 8.

Weitere Einzelheiten der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen und der Beschreibung im Übrigen dargelegt. Ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer Vorrichtung bzw. einer Pflasterplatte wird nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnungen erläutert. Es zeigt:

Fig. 1 bis Fig. 3
einen Vertikalschnitt durch eine Betonform während zeitlich aufeinanderfolgender Fasen der Herstellung einer Pflasterplatte,
Fig. 4
eine vergrößerte Darstellung der Vorrichtung gemäß Fig.1,
Fig. 5
eine Draufsicht auf eine Sichtseite einer Pflasterplatte,
Fig. 6
die Pflasterplatte gemäß Fig. 5 in einer teilweisen Seitenansicht, und
Fig. 7
eine Erdreichabdeckung aus Pflasterplatten.
Further details of the invention are set forth in the dependent claims and the description of the remainder. An embodiment of a device or a paving slab will be explained below with reference to the drawings. It shows:
Fig. 1 to Fig. 3
a vertical section through a concrete mold during temporally successive chamfers of the production of a paving slab,
Fig. 4
an enlarged view of the device according to Fig.1 .
Fig. 5
a plan view of a visible side of a paving slab,
Fig. 6
the plasterboard according to Fig. 5 in a partial side view, and
Fig. 7
a soil cover made of paving slabs.

Bei der in den Fig. 1 bis Fig. 4 dargestellten Vorrichtung handelt es sich um eine sogenannte Brettmaschine zum Herstellen von Pflasterplatten. Die Brettmaschine weist eine Betonform 10 auf, in der wenigstens ein Formnest 11 gebildet ist. Das Formnest 11 wird seitlich durch aufrechte Formwände 12 der Betonform 10 begrenzt. Die Betonform 10 kann ein oder mehrere Formnester 11 aufweisen. Sofern die Betonform 10 mehrere Formnester 11 aufweist, sind diese in der Regel in Längs- und Querreihen angeordnet, wobei benachbarte Formnester 11 durch Formwände 12 voneinander getrennt werden.In the in the Fig. 1 to Fig. 4 The device shown is a so-called board machine for the manufacture of paving slabs. The board machine has a concrete form 10, in which at least one mold cavity 11 is formed. The mold cavity 11 is bounded laterally by upright mold walls 12 of the concrete mold 10. The concrete mold 10 may have one or more mold cavities 11. If the concrete form 10 has a plurality of mold cavities 11, these are usually arranged in longitudinal and transverse rows, wherein adjacent mold cavities 11 are separated from each other by mold walls 12.

Die Betonform 10 ruht auf einer Unterlage, nämlich einem sogenannten Unterlagsbrett 13, das das oder jedes Formnest 11 unterseitig verschließt. Oberseitig verfügt das oder jedes Formnest 11 über eine Öffnung, durch die Beton in die Form gefüllt werden kann. Sofern die Betonform 10 mehrere Formnester 11 aufweist, werden sämtliche Formnester 11 vorzugsweise in einem Arbeitstakt mit Beton gefüllt.The concrete form 10 rests on a base, namely a so-called underlay board 13 which closes the or each mold cavity 11 on the underside. On the top side, the or each mold cavity 11 has an opening through which concrete can be filled into the mold. If the concrete form 10 has several mold cavities 11, all mold cavities 11 are preferably filled with concrete in one working cycle.

Zum Verdichten des in das oder jedes Formnest 11 eingefüllten Betons ist ein Stempel 14 vorgesehen. Der Stempel 14 ist in die Form hinein- und herausbewegbar, im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel also auf- und abbewegbar. Zum Verdichten des eingefüllten Betons wird der Stempel 14 gegen bzw. in die Oberfläche des Betons gedrückt. Hierzu weist der Stempel 14 eine Stempelplatte 15 auf, deren Abmessungen im Wesentlichen den Abmessungen der Pflasterplatte entsprechen.For compacting the filled in the or each mold cavity 11 concrete a punch 14 is provided. The punch 14 is movable in and out of the mold, in the present embodiment so moved up and down. For compacting the filled concrete, the punch 14 is pressed against the surface of the concrete. For this purpose, the punch 14 has a stamp plate 15 whose dimensions substantially correspond to the dimensions of the plasterboard.

Fig. 1 zeigt das mit Beton gefüllte Formnest 11, wobei der eingefüllte Beton durch die Stempelplatte 15 des Stempels 14 verdichtet wird. Die Stempelplatte 15 befindet sich dabei in einer unteren, abgesenkten Position. Nachfolgend wird gemäß Fig. 2 die Betonform 10 nach oben vom Formling abgehoben. Dabei drückt die Stempelplatte 15 weiter gegen die Oberseite des Formlings, sodass dieser auf dem Unterlagsbrett 12 liegen bleibt und nicht mit der Betonform 10 angehoben wird. Nachfolgend wird gemäß Fig. 3 auch der Stempel 14 mit der Stempelplatte 15 angehoben, sodass der Formling bzw. die Pflasterplatte 16 frei auf dem Unterlagsbrett 13 liegt. Das Unterlagsbrett kann mit dem darauf liegenden Formling danach zur Trocknung abtransportiert werden. Fig. 1 shows the filled with concrete mold cavity 11, wherein the filled concrete is compacted by the die plate 15 of the punch 14. The stamp plate 15 is located in a lower, lowered position. The following is according to Fig. 2 lifted the concrete form 10 upwards from the molding. In this case, the stamp plate 15 continues to press against the top of the molding, so that it remains lying on the backing board 12 and is not raised with the concrete mold 10. The following is according to Fig. 3 also the punch 14 is raised with the stamp plate 15, so that the molding or the plasterboard 16 is free on the base board 13. The backing board can then be transported with the molding lying on it for drying.

Während des Herstellungsvorgangs kann der eingefüllte Beton auch einem Verdichtungsvorgang unterzogen werden. Hierzu kann sich unterhalb des Unterlagsbretts 13 ein Rütteltisch befinden, der die Betonform 10 in Schwingungen versetzt.During the manufacturing process, the filled concrete can also be subjected to a compaction process. For this purpose, a vibrating table can be located beneath the base board 13, which vibrates the concrete form 10.

Die Formwände 12 dienen, wie in den Figuren dargestellt, zur Ausbildung von aufrechten Seitenflächen 17 der herzustellenden Pflasterplatte 16. Eine Unterseite 18 der herzustellenden Pflasterplatte 16 wird durch das Unterlagsbrett 13 ausgebildet. Eine Oberseite 19 bzw. Sichtseite der herzustellenden Pflasterplatte 16 wird im Wesentlichen durch die Stempelplatte 15 geformt.The mold walls 12 are used, as shown in the figures, to form upright side surfaces 17 of the plasterboard 16 to be produced. A lower side 18 of the plasterboard 16 to be produced is formed by the underlay board 13. An upper side 19 or visible side of the plaster board 16 to be produced is essentially formed by the stamp plate 15.

Im Übergang von der Oberseite 19 zu den Seitenflächen 17 ist eine Fase 20 ausgebildet, die durch einen unterseitig an der Stempelplatte 15 ausgebildeten Vorsprung 21 in den Beton eingeprägt wird (Fig. 4). Der Vorsprung 21 ist am Rand der Stempelplatte 15 angeordnet. Vorzugsweise verläuft der Vorsprung 21 umlaufend entlang der Ränder der Stempelplatte 15 zur Ausbildung einer umlaufend an der Pflasterplatte 16 angeordneten Fase 20. Alternativ kann der Vorsprung 21 auch nur einem Teil der Ränder der Stempelplatte 15 zugeordnet sein, beispielsweise an gegenüberliegenden oder benachbarten Rändern. Es kann auch sein, dass der Vorsprung 21 nur an einem Rand vorgesehen ist oder an allen Rändern mit Ausnahme von einem Rand. Die vorstehend beschriebenen Anordnungen des Vorsprungs 21 können auch noch damit kombiniert werden, dass der Vorsprung 21 nur bereichsweise entlang eines Randes vorgesehen ist.In the transition from the upper side 19 to the side surfaces 17, a chamfer 20 is formed, which is impressed into the concrete by a projection 21 formed on the underside of the stamp plate 15 ( Fig. 4 ). The projection 21 is arranged on the edge of the stamp plate 15. Preferably, the projection 21 extends circumferentially along the edges of the stamp plate 15 to form a circumferentially arranged on the plasterboard 16 chamfer 20. Alternatively, the projection 21 may be associated with only a portion of the edges of the die plate 15, for example at opposite or adjacent edges. It may also be that the projection 21 is provided only at one edge or at all edges except one edge. The above-described arrangements of the projection 21 can also be combined with the fact that the projection 21 is provided only partially along an edge.

Eine Besonderheit des Vorsprungs 21 besteht hinsichtlich seiner Abmessungen. Der Vorsprung 21 ist derart ausgebildet, dass die Fase 20 sich ausgehend von der Oberseite 19 sehr tief in Richtung der Unterseite 18 entlang der Seitenflächen 17 erstreckt. Es ist vorgesehen, dass eine Höhe 22 der Fase 20 in etwa 20% bis 40%, insbesondere etwa 30%, der Höhe 23 der Seitenfläche 17, bzw. der Dicke der Pflasterplatte 16, beträgt. Die Fase 20 weist bevorzugt eine Höhe 22 von 10 mm bis 15 mm auf.A special feature of the projection 21 is in terms of its dimensions. The projection 21 is formed such that the chamfer 20 extends from the top 19 very deep in the direction of the bottom 18 along the side surfaces 17. It is envisaged that a height 22 of the chamfer 20 in about 20% to 40%, in particular about 30%, the height 23 of the side surface 17, and the thickness of the plasterboard 16, is. The chamfer 20 preferably has a height 22 of 10 mm to 15 mm.

Eine weitere Besonderheit besteht hinsichtlich der Ausbildung der dem Formling bzw. der der Pflasterplatte 16 zugewandten Flächen der Stempelplatte 15 und des Vorsprungs 21. Es ist vorgesehen, dass die der Pflasterplatte 16 zugewandte Seitenfläche des Vorsprungs 21, eine sogenannte Schrägfläche 24, eine unregelmäßige Kontur bzw. Linienführung aufweist, derart, dass die durch den Vorsprung 21 geprägten Bereiche der Pflasterplatte 16 in Art eines Natursteins ausgebildet sind. Entsprechend sind die zur Anlage an der Oberseite 19 bzw. Sichtseite der Pflasterplatte 16 bestimmten Bereiche der Unterseite der Stempelplatte 15 derart ausgebildet, dass die Pflasterplatte in diesem Bereich eine unregelmäßig strukturierte Oberfläche aufweist. Hierzu sind in dem oder jedem Vorsprung 21 und der Stempelplatte 15 entsprechende Vorsprünge bzw. Vertiefungen ausgebildet, die eine Negativform der Oberflächenstruktur darstellen. Die Pflasterplatten 16 sind damit in verlegtem Zustand ähnlich wie Natursteinplatten ausgebildet.It is provided that the side surface of the protrusion 21 facing the plaster plate 16, a so-called oblique surface 24, has an irregular contour or a shape which faces the molding or pavement plate 16 Having lines, such that the embossed by the projection 21 areas of the paving slab 16 are formed in the manner of a natural stone. Correspondingly, the areas for the attachment to the upper side 19 or visible side of the paving slab 16 are Bottom of the stamp plate 15 is formed such that the paving slab has an irregularly textured surface in this area. For this purpose, corresponding protrusions or depressions are formed in the or each projection 21 and the stamp plate 15, which represent a negative shape of the surface structure. The paving slabs 16 are thus formed in a laid state similar to natural stone slabs.

Die in verlegtem Zustand im Wesentlichen nicht sichtbaren Bereiche der Seitenflächen 17 der Pflasterplatte 16 können im Wesentlichen glatt ausgebildet sein, wodurch im Bereich der Formwände 12 keine besonderen Maßnahmen im vorstehenden Sinne zu treffen sind.The areas of the side surfaces 17 of the paving slab 16 that are essentially invisible in the laid-down state can be substantially smooth, so that no special measures in the above sense are to be taken in the area of the mold walls 12.

Es ist vorgesehen, dass die Pflasterplatten 16 im Bereich der Seitenflächen 17 angeformte Abstandhalter 25 aufweisen. Die Abstandhalter 25 sind wenigstens an zwei gegenüberliegenden Seitenflächen 17 angeordnet, vorzugsweise aber an allen Seitenflächen 17. Die Abstandhalter 25 sind stegartig ausgebildet und erstrecken sich ausgehend von der Unterseite 18 der Pflasterplatte 16 bis zum Bereich der Fase 20. Vorzugsweise weisen die Formwände 12 entsprechende Vertiefungen zur Ausbildung der Abstandhalter 25 auf, so dass die Abstandhalter 25 an die Pflasterplatte 16 angeformt sind.It is envisaged that the paving slabs 16 in the region of the side surfaces 17 integrally formed spacers 25. The spacers 25 are arranged at least on two opposite side surfaces 17, but preferably on all side surfaces 17. The spacers 25 are web-like and extend from the bottom 18 of the plaster board 16 to the region of the chamfer 20. Preferably, the mold walls 12 corresponding recesses for forming the spacers 25, so that the spacers 25 are integrally formed on the plasterboard 16.

Die Pflasterplatten 16 können zu einer Erdreichabdeckung 26 verlegt werden. Innerhalb der Erdreichabdeckung 26 sind benachbarte Pflasterplatten 16 mit Abstand zueinander angeordnet, zur Bildung von vorzugsweise regelmäßigen Quer- und Längsfugen. Je nach Anordnung der Abstandhalter 25 können die Pflasterplatten 16 so verlegt werden, dass Abstandhalter 25 benachbarter Pflasterplatten 16 gegeneinanderstoßen oder versetzt zueinander angeordnet sind, sodass sie jeweils Anlage an einer Seitenfläche 17 der benachbarten Pflasterplatte 16 erhalten. Auf diese Weise ergeben sich unterschiedliche Fugenbreiten. Nach dem Verlegen der Pflasterplatten werden die Fugen durch ein geeignetes Fugenfüllmaterial ausgefüllt, sodass die Abstandhalter 25 vorzugsweise nicht mehr sichtbar sind.The paving slabs 16 may be laid to a soil cover 26. Within the soil cover 26 adjacent paving slabs 16 are spaced apart, to form preferably regular transverse and longitudinal joints. Depending on the arrangement of the spacers 25, the paving slabs 16 may be laid so that spacers 25 adjacent paving slabs 16 abut each other or offset from each other so that they each receive contact on a side surface 17 of the adjacent paving slab 16. In this way, different joint widths arise. After laying the paving slabs, the joints are filled by a suitable joint filling material, so that the spacers 25 are preferably no longer visible.

Die Pflasterplatten 16 sind im Grundriss vorzugsweise rechteckig oder quadratisch ausgebildet. Bevorzugte Grundrissabmessungen der Pflasterplatte 16 sind 600 mm x 600 mm, 600 mm x 450 mm, 600 mm x 300 mm, 450 mm x 450 mm oder 300 mm x 300 mm. Es versteht sich, dass die Pflasterplatte 16 auch unregelmäßige Grundrissformen aufweisen kann.The paving slabs 16 are preferably rectangular or square in plan. Preferred ground plan dimensions of the paving slab 16 are 600 mm x 600 mm, 600 mm x 450 mm, 600 mm x 300 mm, 450 mm x 450 mm or 300 mm x 300 mm. It is understood that the plasterboard 16 may also have irregular planforms.

Die Dicke der Pflasterplatte 16 beträgt vorzugsweise zwischen 30 mm und 80 mm Höhe, insbesondere 30 mm, 40 mm, 50 mm, 55 mm, 60 mm oder 80 mm Höhe. Die Höhe 22 der Fase 20 beträgt vorzugsweise 10 mm oder 15 mm, entsprechend einer Höhe 22 von 30% der Höhe 23 der Pflasterplatte 16 bei 30 mm oder 50 mm.The thickness of the plasterboard 16 is preferably between 30 mm and 80 mm in height, in particular 30 mm, 40 mm, 50 mm, 55 mm, 60 mm or 80 mm in height. The height 22 of the chamfer 20 is preferably 10 mm or 15 mm, corresponding to a height 22 of 30% of the height 23 of the paving slab 16 at 30 mm or 50 mm.

Als Pflasterbett kommen beispielsweise geeignete Splitte, Sande oder Mischungen daraus in Betracht.Suitable paving beds are, for example, suitable chips, sands or mixtures thereof.

Bezugszeichenliste:LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1010
Betonformconcrete form
1111
Formnestcavity
1212
Formwandmold wall
1313
Unterlagsbrettsupport board
1414
Stempelstamp
1515
Stempelplattestamp plate
1616
Pflasterplattepaving slab
1717
Seitenflächeside surface
1818
Unterseitebottom
1919
Oberseitetop
2020
Fasechamfer
2121
Vorsprunghead Start
2222
Höheheight
2323
Höheheight
2424
Schrägflächesloping surface
2525
Abstandhalterspacer
2626
Erdreichabdeckungground cover

Claims (8)

  1. Method for producing concrete paving slabs (16), wherein concrete is introduced into at least one mould cavity (11) of a concrete mould (10), which mould cavity is laterally bounded by mould walls (12), wherein the mould cavity (11) has a top opening for filling the mould cavity (11) with concrete and wherein the concrete is compacted by a ram plate (15) in the region of an upper side (19) of the paving slab (16) to be produced, which ram plate is arranged on a ram (14) which can be moved up and down in the mould cavity (11), and wherein the ram (14) has means for forming a bevel (20) in the region of the transition from a visible face (19) of the paving slab (16) to be produced to upright side faces (17) of the paving slab (16) to be produced, wherein the ram (14) has a projection (21) for forming the bevel (20) on the paving slab, wherein the projection (21) is pressed, together with the ram plate (15), against the upper side (19) of the paving slab (16) to be produced, characterized in that the projection (21) has dimensions such that the bevel (20) has a height (22) of 20% to 40% of the side face (17) of the paving slab (16) to be produced, but at least a height (22) of about 10mm, preferably about 15mm.
  2. Apparatus for carrying out the method according to claim 1, comprising at least one mould cavity (11) which is laterally bounded by mould walls (12), wherein the mould cavity (11) has a top opening for filling the mould cavity (11) with concrete, and comprising a ram (14) which can be moved up and down in the mould cavity (11) and is intended for forming or embossing an upper side (19) of a paving slab (16) to be produced, wherein the ram (14) has means for forming a bevel (20) in the region of the transition from a visible face (19) of the paving slab (16) to be produced to upright side faces (17) of the paving slab (16) to be produced, wherein the ram (14) has a projection (21) for forming the bevel (20), characterized in that the projection (21) has dimensions such that the bevel (20) formed by the projection (21) has a height (22) of 20% to 40% of the side face (17) of the paving slab (16), but at least a height (22) of about 10mm, preferably about 15mm.
  3. Apparatus according to Claim 2, characterized in that the projection (21) is arranged marginally on the underside of the ram (14), in particular of a ram plate (15).
  4. Apparatus according to Claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the projection (21) is arranged peripherally on the underside of the ram (14), in particular of the ram plate (15).
  5. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the projection (21) is substantially triangular in cross section, wherein an oblique face (24) of the projection (21) that faces the paving slab (16) has an irregular contour in such a way that the paving slab (16) is formed in the manner of a natural stone in the region of the bevel (20).
  6. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an underside of the ram (14) is irregularly contoured in such a way that the paving slab (16) is formed in the manner of a natural stone in the region of an upper side (19), in particular a visible side.
  7. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mould walls (12) have cut-outs for forming spacers (25) on vertical side faces (17) of the paving slab (16).
  8. Concrete paving slab for laying ground coverings (26), comprising a bevel (20) arranged in the region of a visible face (19) of the paving slab (16) in the transition to upright side faces (17) of the paving slab (16), wherein the paving slab (16) has an irregularly contoured upper side (19) or visible face, in the manner of a natural stone, and wherein an oblique face (24) of the paving slab (16) that extends in the region of the bevel (20) has an irregularly contoured surface, in the manner of a natural stone, characterized in that the bevel (20) has a height (22) of 20% to 40% of the height (23) of the side face (17), but at least a height (22) of about 10mm, preferably about 15mm.
EP05001519A 2004-02-26 2005-01-26 Process and apparatus for producing concrete paving stones and paving stone Not-in-force EP1568455B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE202004003160U 2004-02-26
DE202004003160U DE202004003160U1 (en) 2004-02-26 2004-02-26 Concrete paving slab and device for the production of concrete paving slabs

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EP1568455A2 EP1568455A2 (en) 2005-08-31
EP1568455A3 EP1568455A3 (en) 2007-03-14
EP1568455B1 true EP1568455B1 (en) 2011-04-27

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202006021085U1 (en) 2005-12-13 2012-07-11 Ehl Ag Paving stone with natural stone look and device for its production
DE102006059205B4 (en) * 2005-12-13 2012-07-12 Ehl Ag Paving stone with natural stone look and device for its production
GB0609006D0 (en) * 2006-05-06 2006-06-14 Trueman David W System and method for paving cladding
CN109483696B (en) * 2018-12-07 2020-12-15 湖南五新模板有限公司 High-efficient concrete prefabricated section mould with protection mechanism
RO134243A2 (en) * 2018-12-07 2020-06-30 Modulo Decorative Solution S.R.L. Process for preventing cast seams when dismantling reconstituted stone and decorative panels, and finished products made by this process
DE102019100590A1 (en) * 2019-01-11 2020-07-16 Rinn Beton- Und Naturstein Gmbh & Co. Kg Concrete paving stone and product layer of concrete paving stones and method for producing concrete paving stones in one product layer

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2026337A (en) * 1931-05-29 1935-12-31 Frank B Yingling Process of making tile-dies
DE8307078U1 (en) * 1983-03-11 1984-03-22 Rampf Formen GmbH, 7936 Allmendingen DEVICE FOR PRODUCING MOLDINGS FROM CONCRETE OR THE LIKE
IT1185392B (en) * 1985-09-26 1987-11-12 Lema Srl MIRROR MOLD FOR TRAINING, BEAUTIFUL UPPER FACE OF CERAMIC TILES WITH SPACERS
DE3741618A1 (en) * 1987-12-09 1989-06-22 Metten Produktion & Handel METHOD FOR PRODUCING AND / OR TREATING CONCRETE STONES
DE202006004507U1 (en) * 2005-12-13 2006-07-13 Ehl Ag Footpath paving stone has square top with profile containing peaks and troughs

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ATE507048T1 (en) 2011-05-15
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DE502005011295D1 (en) 2011-06-09
EP1568455A2 (en) 2005-08-31

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