A HIGH SHRINKAGE SIDE BY SIDE TYPE COMPOSITE FILAMENT AND A METHOD
FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present, invention relates to a side-by-side type
composite (conjugate) filament which has a high elastic property
(shrinkage) even in a filament state, and to a method for
manufacturing the same.
More particularly, the present invention relates to a
side-by-side type composite filament, which can omit a
false-twisting process and can attain a fine denier filament since
it has a superior crimp even in a filament state where no
false-twisting treatment has been carried out, and to a method
for manufacturing the same.
BACKGROUND ART
Synthetic fibers have reached the level not inferior to
natural fibers in some properties owing to repeated technical
development in spite of their short history. But, the crimp
property is a property which is not easy for synthetic fibers to
exhibit and is being considered as an intrinsic property of
natural fibers such as wool.
As prior art methods providing synthetic fibers with crimp
properties are (i) a method for manufacturing a different
shrinkage composite false twisted yarn by doubling,
false-twisting and heat-setting two kinds of synthetic fibers
(yarns) having a big difference in shrinkage properties, (ii) a
method for mixing a polyurethane fiber with an excellent crimp
property in a longitudinal direction and other synthetic fiber
upon manufacturing woven or knitted fabrics, and (iii) a method
for manufacturing a composite fiber by conjugated-spinning two
kinds of polymers.
Of these methods, the method for manufacturing a different
shrinkage composite false twisted yarn is a method that provides
a potential shrinkage difference by mixing, false-twisting and
heat-setting two kinds of yarns having a big difference in
shrinkage properties. That is to say, this method makes the best
of a difference between a strain in false twist areas and a residual
strain after untwisting, in which a core yarn is deformed relatively larger than a effect yarn to be mixed and crosslinked
with the effect yarn.
The different . shrinkage composite false twisted yarn
exhibits a good elastic property due to a difference in elongation
between core yarns and effect yarns. But, the above method was
disadvantageous in that, since the appearance of crimps is uneven
and the binding force of core yarns and effect yarns is relatively
small because it is dependent upon air texturing and the like,
one component yarn is released or removed by a physical force
applied during a after-process or the crimping property is
decreased.
In addition, the above method for manufacturing a different
shrinkage composite false twisted yarn was problematic in that
it is difficult to provide a fine fineness because two or more
kinds of yarns have to be mixed, and the process becomes
complicated and the manufacturing cost is increased because the
two or more kinds of yarns pre-produced have to be rewound and
combined again.
On the other hand, the method for mixing a polyurethane fiber
and other synthetic fiber upon manufacturing woven or knitted
fabrics was disadvantageous in that it is difficult to process
because the synthetic fiber is different from the polyurethane
fiber in physical and chemical properties. For instance, the
polyester fiber is dyed using a disperse dye while a polyurethane
fiber has to be dyed with an acid dye or a metal-containing dye.
Therefore, in a case that the polyester fiber and the
polyurethane fiber are mixed upon manufacturing woven or knitted
fabrics, there are many problems that, for example, it is
necessary to use a chlorobenzene or methyl naphthalene carrier
for dyeing, and the final product is weak to a chlorine bleaching
agent and easily hydrolysable by NaOH.
Meanwhile, a synthetic fiber manufactured by a polybutylene
terephthalate (PBT) resin has a problem that they have to undergo
a false twisting process for improving elastic property because
of their lack of shrinkage in a filament state.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to
provide a side-by-side type composite filament which has a
superior crimp property even in a filament state and thus requires
no false-twisting process.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a side-by-side type
composite filament which has a excellent shrinkage even in a
filament state which is not passed false-twisting process.
Additionally, the present invention provides a method for
manufacturing a high elastic side-by-side type composite filament
which has a simple process and can attain a fine denier filament
since a false-twisting process can be omitted.
To achieve the above objects, there is provided a high crimp
(shrinkage) side-by-side type composite filament according to the present invention, wherein two kinds of thermoplastic polymers
are arranged in side by side type and a boiling water shrinkage
(Sr2) measured by the method (initial load = notified denier *
1/lOg, static load = notified denier x 20/10g) of clause 5.10 of
JIS L 1090 is 20 to 75% of a boiling water shrinkage (Sr^.) measured
by the method (initial load = notified denier x l/30g, static load = notified denier * 40/30g) of clause 7.15 of JIS L 1013.
Additionally, there is provided a method for manufacturing
a high shrinkage side-by-side type composite filament according
to the present invention consisting two kinds of thermoplastic
polymers which are arranged in side by side type, wherein two kinds
of thermoplastic polymers having a number average molecular
weight difference (ΔMn) of 5, 000 to 15, 000 are used upon spinning and the composite filament is drawn and heat-treated so as to
satisfy the following physical properties:
• Temperature area exhibiting 95% of maximum thermal stress
(Tmax, 95%) : 120 to 230°C
• Range of maximum thermal stress per denier : 0.1 to 0.4g/denier
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in
detail.
Firstly, in the present invention, a side-by-side type
composite filament is manufactured by conjugated-spinning two
kinds of thermoplastic polymers in side by side type and then drawing and heat-treating the composite filament spun by a
continuous or discontinuous process.
Specifically, in the present invention, a side-by-side type
composite filament can be manufactured by a spin-direct draw
method which carries out spinning, drawing and heat-treating in
one process as shown in Fig. 1, or a side-by-side type composite
filament can be manufactured by conjugated-spinning two kinds of
thermoplastic polymers in side by side type to prepare an undrawn
or half-drawn composite filament and then drawing and
heat-treating the undrawn or half-drawn composite filament by a
discontinuous process as shown in Fig. 2.
The present invention is characterized in that two kinds
of thermoplastic polymers having a number average molecular
weight difference (ΔMn) of 5,000 to 15,000 are used upon conjugated spinning. The thermoplastic polymers include
polyethylene terephthalate, etc.
The polyethylene terephthalate is produced by an ester
interchange between ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid
dimethyl, or by polymerization between ethylene glycol and
terephthalic acid. At this time, if the polymerization time is
adjusted, a number (n) of chains of polyethylene terephthalte can
be adjusted, and a polyethylene terephthalte with desired
molecular weight can be obtained.
The number average molecular weight is a value measured by
Gel Permeation Chromatograpy (GPC) .
If the number average molecular weight difference (ΔMn) between the polymers is smaller than 5,000, the difference in
degree of orientation between the polymers is insufficient and
thus the shrinkage ratio of the final product becomes lower. If
greater than 15, 000, the shrinkage ratio is superior but a serious
yarn swelling phenomenon occurs upon spinning due to an excessive
difference in number average molecular weight and the yarn
strength becomes lower to thereby make it difficult to set a stable
spinning condition.
The side-by-side type composite filament has such a shape
that two kinds of thermoplastic polymers are bonded each other
to form an interface dividing the filament into halves and its
cross section is a circular type, a rectangular type, a cocoon
type, etc.
The shape of the cross section is freely changeable according
to a cross section shape of a spinneret hole and a bonding method
of polymers, and the interface has a linear shape or a bow-like
curved shape according to a difference in melt viscosity between
polymers. Generally, a polymer having a low melt viscosity
surrounds a polymer having a high viscosity to form an interface
of a bow-like curved shape.
Meanwhile, the present invention is characterized in that
the finally manufactured composite filament is drawn and
heat-treated so as to satisfy the following physical properties:
• Temperature area exhibiting 95% of maximum thermal stress
(Tmax, 95%) : 120 to 230°C
• Range of maximum thermal stress per denier : 0.1 to 0.4g/denier
' Preferably, the composite filament is drawn and
heat-treated so that the temperature distribution range of
maximum thermal stress of the finally manufactured composite
filament is 140 to 20'0°C. If the temperature distribution range of maximum thermal stress is deviated from the above range, the
processibility may be deteriorated or the quality of woven or
knitted fabrics may be degraded.
Further, if the range of maximum thermal stress per denier
is smaller than 0. lg/denier, the appearance of crimps is degraded,
or if greater than 0.4g/denier, it becomes hard to control the
shrinkage.
Further, if the temperature distribution range of maximum
thermal stress is smaller than 140°C or the temperature area (Tmax,
95%) exhibiting 95% of maximum thermal stress is smaller than 120°C, the shrinkage becomes too large and thus the appearance of crimps
is degraded. On the contrary, if the temperature distribution
range of maximum thermal stress is greater than 200°C or the temperature area (Tmax, 95%) exhibiting 95% of maximum thermal
stress is greater than 230°C, the drawing stability is degraded. In order for the drawn and heat-treated composite filament
to satisfy the physical properties, a temperature of heat
treatment . in a second Godet roller (6) is adjusted in the
spin-direct draw method of Fig. 1, and a temperature of heat
treatment in a hot plate (12) is adjusted in the method of drawing
and heat treatment by a discontinuous process as shown in Fig.
2.
The side-by-side type composite filament manufactured by
the above-mentioned method according to the present invention has
two kinds of polymers arranged side by side type and tends to have
a different boiling water shrinkage from that of a typical
composite fiber filament.
Generally, a synthetic fiber filament and a textured
synthetic fiber yarn (false-twisted yarn) have a different
condition for measuring a boiling water shrinkage from each other
due to their difference in crimp property. Specifically, since
the synthetic fiber filament has almost no crimp, the possibility
of an error according to a change of the condition of measuring
a boiling water shrinkage is relatively low. On the contrary,
since the textured synthetic fiber yarn (false-twisted yarn) has
relatively many crimps, the possibility of an error according to
a change of the measuring condition is relatively high.
The boiling water shrinkage of the synthetic fiber filament
is mostly measured by the method (initial load = notified denier
x l/30g, static load = notified denier 40/30g) of clause 7.15
of JIS L 1013 while the boiling water shrinkage of the textured
synthetic fiber yarn (false-twisted yarn) is mostly measured by
the method (initial load = notified denier x 1/lOg, static load
= notified denier 20/10g) of clause 5.10 of JIS L 1090.
In the side -by-side type composite filament of this
invention, the boiling water shrinkage (Sr2) measured by the
method of clause 5.10 of JIS L 1090 is 20 to 75% of the boiling
water shrinkage (Sri) measured by the method of clause 7.15 of
JIS L 1013.
In other words, in case of the side -by-side type composite
filament of this invention, the boiling water shrinkage (Sr2)
measured under the condition of measuring the boiling water
shrinkage of a textured synthetic fiber yarn (false-twisted yarn)
is 20 to 75% of the boiling water shrinkage (Srj.) measured under
the condition of measuring the boiling water shrinkage' of a
synthetic fiber filament. On the contrary, in case of a general synthetic fiber
filament, the boiling water shrinkage (Sr2) measured under the
condition of measuring the boiling water shrinkage of a textured
synthetic fiber yarn (false-twisted yarn) is 90 to 99% of the
boiling water shrinkage (Sri) measured under the condition of
measuring the boiling water shrinkage of a synthetic fiber
filament, which is almost not different from a boiling water
shrinkage measured regardless of a measuring method.
As described above, the side-by-side type composite
filament of this invention is similar to a textured yarn
(false-twisted yarn) in the boiling water shrinkage behavior in
spite of its filament form, and is much superior to the textured
yarn in the crimp performance.
In the present invention, various physical properties of
the composite filament and of a woven or knitted fabric are
evaluated as below.
• Boiling Water Shrinkage (Sri an Sr ) and Crimp Recovery Rate (CR)
The boiling water shrinkage (Sri) was measured by the method
of clause 7.15 of JIS L 1013 and the boiling water shrinkage (Sr2)
was measured by the method of clause 5.10 of JIS L 1090.
Specifically, a hank was prepared by winding a composite filament
around a creel 10 or 20 times (20 times in the method of clause
7.15 of JIS L 1013 and 10 times in the method of clause 5.10 of
JIS L 1090) . An initial load and a static load were applied to
the prepared hank to measure the length (L0) . In the method of
clause 7.15 of JIS L 1013, the initial load equals to notified
denier l/30g and the static load equals to notified denier
40/30g) . In the method of clause 5.10 of JIS L 1090, the initial
load equals to notified denier 1/lOg and the static load equals
to notified denier x 20/10g. The hank was heat-treated for 30
minutes in a hot water of 100°C ± 2°C, taken out, dewatered with a moist absorbent paper, and left indoors. Then, the initial load
and the static load corresponding to each of the methods were
applied again to the hank to measure the length (Li) . Continuously,
the hank with initial load and static load was left in the water
of 20°C + 2°C and then the sample length (L2) was measured. The static load was removed again and left and then the sample length
(L3) was measured. The measured values are substituted into the
following formula to calculate the boiling water shrinkage and
the crimp recovery rate.
Boiling water shrinkage (Srt and Sr2)= X 100(%)
Lo
L2-L3
Crimp recovery rate (CR)= X 100(%)
L2 • Elastic property of Fabric
It was evaluated by an organoleptic test using a panel
composed of 30 people. If 25 or more out of 30 people judges the
shrinkage of a fabric excellent, it is represented as ©. If 20
to 24 people judge it excellent, it is represented as O. If 10
to 19 people judge it , excellent, it is represented as Δ . If 9
or less people judges it excellent, it is represented as x.
•Temperature (Tmax) Exhibiting Maximum Thermal Stress and Maximum Thermal Stress Per Denier (g/denier)
They were measured by a Thermal Stress Tester of Kanebo
Engineering Co. Ltd. Specifically, a loop-shaped sample having
a 10cm length was suspended on upper and lower hooks and then a
predetermined tension [notified denier of composite filament
χ2/30g] was applied to the sample. In this state, the temperature
was raised at a predetermined speed (300°C/120seconds) . A stress change corresponding to a temperature change was drawn on a chart
as shown in Fig. 3 and then a temperature area (Tmax, 95%)
exhibiting more than 95% of maximum the thermal stress was
obtained with the maximum thermal stress as a center. The maximum
thermal stress per yarn denier was calculated by obtaining maximum
thermal stress on the chart and then substituting it into the
following formula.
Maximum Thermal Stress Maximum Thermal Stress Per Denier =
Notified denier of Composite Filamment *2
•Number Average Molecular Weight (Mn) and Weight Average Molecular Weight (Mw) They were measured using the gel permeation chromatograph
(GPC) method by the following formula:
Hi: length of signal of detector on baseline of retention
volume (Vi)
Mi: molecular weight of polymer fraction in retention volume (Vi)
N: number of data
Wherein the retention volume (Vi) is the volume of solvent
consumed during the retention time of sample component molecules
in columns .
The retention time is the time taken until the sample
component molecules enter the columns and melt out.
Since the results measured by the above method are relative
values, a standard material is used in order to compensate these
values. As the standard material, mainly used is polystyrene, of
which the molecular weight and the breadth of the molecular weight
distribution are already known. Other kinds of standard materials
also may be used on a proper basis.
The breadth of the molecular weight distribution is the width of the peak value of the molecular weight distribution and
represents the dispersity (Mw/Mn) of a target polymer material.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a process for manufacturing
a high crimp side-by-side type composite filament according to
the present invention by a spin-direct draw method;
Fig. 2 is schematic view of a process for manufacturing a
high crimp side-by-side type composite filament according to the
present invention by drawing and heat treatment an undrawn yarn
or a half-drawn yarn;
Fig. 3 is a thermal stress curve of the composite filament
of the present invention charted in a thermal stress tester;
Fig. 4 is a micrograph showing the cross sectional state
of the side-by-side type composite filament according to the
present invention;
Fig. 5 is a micrograph showing the state of the side-by-side
type composite filament before heat treatment according to the
present invention; and
Fig. 6 is a micrograph showing the state of the side-by-side
type composite filament after a hot water treatment (100°C) according to the present invention.
* Explanation of Reference Numerals for Main Parts in the Drawings
1,2: extruder 3: spinning block 4: quenching chamber 5: first
Godet roller
6: second Godet roller 7: conjugate filament 8: draw winder 10: undrawn yarn or half-drawn yarn drum 11: hot roller
12: hot plate 13: draw roller 14: conjugate filament
Tg: initial shrinkage start temperature
Tmax: temperature exhibiting maximum thermal stress
Tα: lower limit value of temperature area exhibiting 95% of maximum thermal stress
Tβ: upper limit value of temperature area exhibiting 95% of maximum thermal stress
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The present invention is now understood more concretely by
comparison between examples of the present invention and
comparative examples. However, the present invention is not
limited to such examples.
Example 1
A polyethylene terephthalate with a number average
molecular weight (Mn) of 15,000 and a polyethylene terephthalate
with a number average molecular weight (Mn) of 25,000 are conjugated-spun in side by side type at a speed of 3,000m/min at
a temperature of 285°C. The resulting material is drawn and heat-treated at a draw speed of 650m/min and at a drawn ratio of
1.68 in a drawing and heat treatment process as shown in Fig. 2,
to prepare a side-by-side type conjugate (composite) filament
having 100 deniers/24 filaments. The drawing and heat-treatment
temperature (hot plate temperature) is set to 132°C so that the composite filament can satisfy the following physical properties .
Maximum thermal stress per denier: 0.21g/denier
Temperature exhibiting maximum thermal stress (Tmax) : 155°C Temperature area exhibiting 95% of maximum thermal stress
(Tmax, 95%) : 122 to 228°C Next, a five-harness satin with a warp density of 190
yarns/inch and a weft density of 98 yarns/inch is woven in a rapier
loom using the conjugate filament as a warp and a weft, then
scoured/contracted, then dyed in a rapid dyeing machine of 125°C, and then after-processed under a typical postprocessing condition,
thereby making a fabric . The results of measuring various physical
properties of the prepared side-by-side type conjugate filament
and of the fabric made thereof are as shown in Table 1.
Example 2
A polyethylene terephthalate with a number average
molecular weight (Mn) of 12,000 and a polyethylene terephthalate
with a number average molecular weight (Mn) of 25,000 are
conjugated-spun in side by side type at a speed of 3,000m/min at
a temperature of 285°C. The resulting material is drawn and
heat-treated at a draw speed of 650m/min and at a drawn ratio of
1.68 in a drawing and heat treatment process as shown in Fig. 2,
to prepare a side-by-side type conjugate filament having 100
deniers/24 filaments. The drawing and heat-treatment temperature
(hot plate temperature) is set to 140°C so that the composite filament can satisfy the following physical properties.
Maximum thermal stress per denier: 0.31g/denier
Temperature exhibiting maximum thermal stress (Tmax) : 165°C Temperature area exhibiting 95% of maximum thermal stress
(Tmax, 95%) : 122 to 228°C
Next, a five-harness satin with a warp density of 190
yarns/inch and a weft density of 98 yarns/inch is woven in a rapier
loom using the conjugate filament as a warp and a weft, then
scoured/contracted, then dyed in a rapid dyeing machine of 125°C, and then after-processed under a typical postprocessing condition,
thereby making a fabric. The results of measuring various physical
properties of the prepared side-by-side type conjugate filament
and of the fabric made thereof are as shown in Table 1.
Example 3
A polyethylene terephthalate with a number average
molecular weight (Mn) of 16,000 and a polyethylene terephthalate with a number average molecular weight (Mn) of 28,000 are
conjugated-spun in side by side type at a temperature of 290°C.
The resulting material is drawn and heat-treated in a continuous
drawing and baking process as shown in Fig. 1, to prepare a
side-by-side type conjugate filament having 100 deniers/24
filaments. The temperature of a first Godet roller is set to 82°C and the speed thereof is set to l,800m/min. The speed of a second
Godet roller is set to 4,815m/min, the speed of a take-up roller
is set to 4,800m/min, and the temperature of the second Godet
roller is set to 163°C, so that the conjugate filament can satisfy the following physical properties.
Maximum thermal stress per denier: 0.16g/denier
Temperature exhibiting maximum thermal stress (Tmax) : 175°C Temperature area exhibiting 95% of maximum thermal stress
(Tmax, 95%) : 122 to 228°C
Next, a five-harness satin with a warp density of 190
yarns/inch and a weft density of 98 yarns/inch is woven in a rapier
loom using the conjugate filament as a warp and a weft, then
scoured/contracted, then dyed in a rapid dyeing machine of 125°C, and then after-processed under a typical postprocessing condition,
thereby making a fabric . The results of measuring various physical
properties of the prepared side-by-side type conjugate filament
and of the fabric made thereof are as shown in Table 1.
Comparative Example 1 A polyethylene terephthalate with a number average
molecular weight (Mn) of 21,000 and a polyethylene terephthalate
with a number average molecular weight (Mn) of 25,000 are
con ugated-spun in side by side type at a speed of 3,000m/min at
a temperature of 285°C. The resulting material is drawn and heat-treated at a draw speed of 650m/min and at a drawn ratio of
1.68 in a drawing and heat treatment process as shown in Fig. 2,
to prepare a side-by-side type conjugate filament having 100
deniers/24 filaments. The drawing and heat-treatment temperature
(hot plate temperature) is set to 118°C so that the composite -filament can satisfy the following physical properties.
Maximum thermal stress per denier: 0.21g/denier
Temperature exhibiting maximum thermal stress (Tmax) : 135°C Temperature area exhibiting 95% of maximum thermal stress
(Tmax, 95%) : 122 to 228°C _ Next, a five-harness satin with a warp density of 190
yarns/inch and a weft density of 98 yarns/inch is woven in a rapier
loom using the composite filament as a warp and a weft, then
scoured/contracted, then dyed in a rapid dyeing machine of 125°C, and then after-processed under a typical postprocessing condition,
thereby making a fabric . The results of measuring various physical
properties of the prepared side-by-side type conjugate filament
and of the fabric made thereof are as shown in Table 1.
Comparative Example 2
A polyethylene terephthalate with a number average
molecular weight (Mn) of 20,000 and a polyethylene terephthalate
with a number average molecular weight (Mn) of 25,000 are
conjugated-spun in side by side type at a speed of 3,000m/min at
a temperature of 285°C. The resulting material is drawn and heat-treated at a draw speed of 650m/min and at a drawn ratio of
1.68 in a drawing and heat treatment process as shown in Fig. 2,
to prepare a side-by-side type conjugate filament having 100
deniers/24 filaments. The drawing and heat-treating temperature
(hot plate temperature) is set to 115°C so that the conjugate filament can satisfy the following physical properties.
Maximum thermal stress per denier: 0.18g/denier
Temperature exhibiting maximum thermal stress (Tmax) : 130°C Temperature area exhibiting 95% of maximum thermal stress
(Tmax, 95%) : 122 to 235°C
Next, a five-harness satin with a warp density of 190
yarns/inch and a weft density of 98 yarns/inch is woven in a rapier
loom using the composite filament as a warp and a weft, then
scoured/contracted, then dyed in a rapid dyeing machine of 125°C, and then after-processed under a typical postprocessing condition,
thereby making a fabric. The results of measuring various physical
properties of the prepared side-by-side type composite filament
and of the fabric made thereof are as shown in Table 1.
Comparative Example 3
A polyethylene terephthalate with a number average
molecular weight (Mn) of 25,000 and a polyethylene terephthalate
with a number average molecular weight (Mn) of 25,000 are
conjugated-spun in side by side type at a speed of 3,000m/min at
a temperature of '285°C. The resulting material is drawn and heat-treated at a draw speed of 650m/min and at a drawn ratio of
1.68 in a drawing and heat treatment process as shown in Fig. 2,
to prepare a side-by-side type conjugate filament having 100
deniers/24 filaments. The temperature of a hot roll is set to 85°C and the drawing and heat-treatment temperature (hot plate
temperature) is set to 130°C so that the conjugate filament can satisfy the following physical properties.
Maximum thermal stress per denier: 0.18g/denier
Temperature exhibiting maximum thermal stress (Tmax) : 155°C Temperature area exhibiting 95% of maximum thermal stress
(Tmax, 95%) : 122 to 235°C
Next, a five-harness satin with a warp density of 190
yarns/inch and a weft density of 98 yarns/inch is woven in a repia
loom using the composite filament as a warp and a weft, then
scoured/contracted, then dyed in a rapid dyeing machine of 125°C, and then after-processed under a typical postprocessing condition,
thereby making a fabric . The results of measuring various physical
properties of the prepared side-by-side type conjugate filament
and of the fabric made thereof are as shown in' Table 1.
[Table 1]
Results of evaluating physical properties of yarn and of fabric
In the above table, S i is a boiling water shrinkage of the
composite filament measured by the method of clause 7.15 of JIS
L 1013, and Sr2 is a boiling water shrinkage of the conjugate
filament measured by the method of clause 5.10 of JIS L 1090.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY
The side-by-side type .conjugate filament of this invention
is superior in crimp property, exhibits the same properties as natural fibers and is easy to carry out a dyeing process. Further,
the present invention reduces the manufacturing cost due to a simple manufacturing process and enables the composite filament to have a fine denier.